Curriculum Vitae

MARGARET OLIVIA LITTLE (updated May 2019) Professor, Philosophy Department Senior Research Scholar, Kennedy Institute of Ethics Director, Ethics Lab Georgetown University 412 Healy Hall Kennedy Institute of Ethics Georgetown University Washington, DC 20057 littlem@georgetown.edu 202-687-2312 ACADEMIC POSITIONS Director, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, July 2009 – June 2018 Senior Research Scholar, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, 1994 – present Philosophy Department, Georgetown University, 1994 – present (Assoc. Prof., 2000; Prof., 2016) Visiting Scholar, National Institutes of Health, Dept. of Bioethics, Oct. 2007 – Oct. 2008 Visiting Scholar, National Institutes of Health, Dept. of Bioethics, Feb. 1998 - Dec. 1998 Visiting Assistant Professor, Philosophy Dept., The Johns Hopkins University, Fall 1997 Assistant Professor, Bryn Mawr College, Philosophy Department, Feminism and Gender Studies Program, Fall 1992 – Spring 1994 Professional Lecturer, Georgetown University, Philosophy Department, Spring 1992 EDUCATION Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, Philosophy, 1994 Exchange Scholar, Princeton University, Philosophy, 1990 - 1991 B.Phil., Oxford University, University College, Philosophy, 1985 B.A., University of Iowa, Philosophy, 1983, Highest Honors AWARDS, FELLOWSHIPS

Nominated for teaching excellence, Georgetown University, College, 2013 and 2014 Fellow, The Hastings Center, 2001 - present Mellon Summer Scholar, 1999, 1998 (declined), 1997, 1996 Jacob Javits Graduate Fellowship, 1987-89 Ralph W. Church Scholarship, l985-87 Rhodes Scholar, 1983-85 BOOKS Thinking About Reasons: Essays in Honor of Jonathan Dancy, co-editor with David Bakhurst and Brad Hooker, Oxford University Press, 2013 Moral Particularism, co-editor with Brad Hooker, Clarendon Press (Oxford), 2000 PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES & CHAPTERS

Sullivan, KA, M. Little, N. Rosenberg, C. Zimba, E. Jaffe, S. Gilbert, J. Coleman, I. Hoffman, T.

Mtande, J. Anderson, M. Gross, L. Rahangdale, R. Faden, A. Lyerly. “Women’s views about

contraception requirements for biomedical research participation,” PLOS ONE, May 8, 2019

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216332

Sullivan KA, Little MO, Rosenberg NE, Mtande T, Zimba C, Jaffe E, Anderson J, Coleman JS,

Gilbert S, Gross Wolf MS, Hoffman I, Rahangdale L, Faden R, Lyerly AD. “Women’s Views About

a Paternal Consent Requirement for Biomedical Research in Pregnancy”, Journal of Empirical

Research on Human Research Ethics, 2018, DOI: 10.1177/1556264618783834

Lyerly AD, Jaffe EF, Little MO, “Ethics, public health, and access to pregnancy-related health

services”, In Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics, Editors: Anna C. Mastroianni, Jeffrey P.

Kahn, and Nancy Kass, forthcoming

Little MO, Wickremsinhe MN, eds. “Proceedings from the Global Forum on Bioethics in

Research (GFBR)’s “Ethics of Research in Pregnancy” meeting”, Reproductive Health, 2017,

Volume 14, Supplement 3, 156

Little MO, Wickremsinhe MN, “Research with pregnant women: a call to action,” In

“Proceedings from the Global Forum on Bioethics in Research (GFBR)’s “Ethics of Research in

Pregnancy” meeting”, Reproductive Health, 2017, Volume 14, Supplement 3, 156

The Ethics Working Group on ZIKV Research and Pregnancy: Faden RR, Krubiner CB, Lyerly AD,

Little MO, August A , Beigi RH, Durbin AP, Karron RA, Kass NE, Luna F, Palacios R, Precioso AR,

Saenz C, Sheffield JS, Thomé B, “Ethics, pregnancy, and ZIKV vaccine research & development”,

Vaccine, 2017, Volume 35, Issue 49, Part B, 6819-6822

Mastroianni A, Henry LM, Robinson D, Bailey T, Faden R, Little M, Lyerly AD, “Research with

Pregnant Women: New Insights on Legal Decision-Making”, Hastings Center Report, May 2017,

Volume 47, Number 3, 38-45

Little, M., A. Lyerly, A. Mastroianni, R. Faden, “Ethics and Research with Pregnant Women: Lessons from HIV/AIDS,” In Clinical Research Involving Pregnant Women, Editors: Baylis, Françoise, Ballantyne, Angela, Springer Books, 2016

Krubiner, C. R. Faden, J. Cadigan, S. Gilbert, L. Henry, M. Little, A. Mastroianni, E. Namey, K. Sullivan, A. Lyerly. “Advancing HIV Research with Pregnant Women: Navigating Challenges and Opportunities”, AIDS, 2017, Volume 30, Number 15, 2261-2265

“Brandt’s ‘Moral Valuation,’” Ethics, Vol. 125, No. 3 (April 2015), pp. 811-814

“In Defence of Non-Deontic Reasons,” in Thinking About Reasons: Essays Honoring Jonathan Dancy,” eds. David Bakhurst, Brad Hooker, and Margaret Little, Oxford University Press, 2013, pp. 112-136

Little, M. and A. Lyerly, “The Limits of Conscientious Refusal: A Duty to Ensure Access,” Virtual Mentor, March 2013, Volume 15, Number 3, pp. 257-262

Lyerly, A., M. Little, R. Faden, “Reframing the Framework: Toward Fair Inclusion of Pregnant Women as Participants in Research,” The American Journal of Bioethics, Vol. 11, Issue 5, 2011, pp. 50-52

Little, M., A. Lyerly, R. Faden, “Moving Forward With Research Involving Pregnant Women: A Critical Role for Wisdom From the Field,” AJOB Primary Research, Vol. 2, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 15-17

Lyerly, A. and M. Little, “Toward an Ethically Responsible Approach to Vaginal Birth After Cesarean,” Seminars in Perinatology 34, no. 5 (October 2010): 337-344.

Lance, M. and M. Little, “Review of Marc Lange’s Laws and Lawmakers: Science, Metaphysics, and the Laws of Nature” Ethics 120, no. 2 (January 2010): 431-437.

Little, M., A. Lyerly, R. Faden, “Pregnant Women and Medical Research: A Moral Imperative,” Bioethica Forum, 2009, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 60-65.

Reprinted in: Emanuel EJ, Crouch RA, Arras JD, Grady C, Moreno JD (editors) Ethical and regulatory aspects of clinical research: readings and commentary. 2nd edition. Baltimore (MD), Johns Hopkins University Press.

Lyerly, A., L. Mitchell, E. Armstrong, L. Harris, R. Kukla, M. Kuppermann, M. Little (The Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), “Risk and the Pregnant Body,” Hastings Center Report, Vol. 39, no. 6, Nov-Dec 2009, pp. 34-42

Lyerly, A., M. Little, R. Faden, “The National Children’s Study: A Golden Opportunity to Address the Health Needs of Pregnant Women,” American Journal of Public Health, 2009 October; 99(10): 1742–1745

Kukla, R., M. Kuppermann, M. Little, A. Lyerly, L. Mitchell, E. Armstrong, L. Harris (The Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), “Finding Autonomy in Birth,” Bioethics, January 2009 (23:1), pp. 1-8

Halpern, J and M. Little, “Motivating Health: Empathy & the Normative Activity of Coping,” in Naturalized Bioethics, eds. Hilde Lindemann, Margaret Walker, & Marian Verkerk, Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 141-162

Lyerly, A., M. Little, R. Faden, “A Critique of ‘The Fetus as Patient’,” American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 8, Number 7, July 2008, pp. 42-44

“Abortion & the Margins of Personhood,” Rutgers Law Journal, Vol. 39, 2008, pp. 331- 348

Reprinted in Potentiality: Metaphysical & Bioethical Dimensions, ed. John P. Lizza, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014

Brown, S., A. Lyerly, M. Little, J. Lantos, “Paediatrics-Based Fetal Care: Unanswered Ethical Questions,” Acta Paediatrica, 2008 December; 97 (12): 1617-1619

Little, M., A. Lyerly, L. Mitchell, E. Armstrong, L. Harris, R. Kukla, M. Kuppermann (The Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), “Mode of Delivery: Towards Responsible Inclusion of Patient Preferences,” Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2008 October; 112(4): 913-918

Carse, A. and M. Little, “Exploitation & the Enterprise of Medical Research,” in Exploitation & Developing Countries: The Ethics of Clinical Research, eds. Ezekiel Emanuel and Jennifer Hawkins, Princeton University Press, 2008, pp. 206-245

Lyerly, A., M. Little, R. Faden, “Pregnancy and Research,” Hastings Center Report, Vol. 38, No. 6, Nov-Dec 2008, inside back cover

Lyerly, A., M. Little, R. Faden, “The Second Wave: Toward Ethical Inclusion of Pregnant Women in Clinical Research,” International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics, Fall 2008, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 5-22

Reprinted in Health Care Ethics in Canada, eds. Francoise Baylis, Barry Hoffmaster, Susan Sherwin, Kirstin Borgeston (Cengage Learning), 3rd edition, 2011

Lyerly, A., L. Mitchell, E. Armstrong, L. Harris, R. Kukla, M. Kuppermann, M. Little (The Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), “Risk, Value, & Decision-Making Around Pregnancy,” Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2007 April: 109(4); 979-984

Lance, M. and M. Little, “Where The Laws Are,” Oxford Studies in Metaethics, Vol II, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau, Oxford University Press. 2007, pp. 149 - 171

Lance, M. and M. Little, “From Particularism to Defeasibility,” in Challenging Moral Particularism, eds. Mark Lance, Matjaz Potrc, Vojko Strahovnik, Routledge, 2007, pp. 53-74

Lance, M. and M. Little, “Defending Moral Particularism” in Contemporary Debates in Moral Theory, ed. James Dreier (Blackwell Press), 2006, pp. 305-321

M. Little, W. Moczynski, P. Richardson, S. Joffe, “Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Ethics Rounds: Life-threatening Illness and the Desire to Adopt,” The Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, Volume 15, Number 4, December 2005, pp. 385-393

Lance, M. and M. Little, “Particularism and Anti-Theory,” The Oxford Handbook of Ethics (Oxford University Press), ed. David Copp, 2005, pp. 567-594

“The Moral Permissibility of Abortion,” in Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics, ed. Andrew I. Cohen & Christopher Wellman (Blackwell Press), 2005, pp. 27-40, and 2nd edition, 2014, pp. 51-62

Reprinted in Ethics in Practice, ed. Hugh LaFollette (Blackwell Press), 2006

“Abortion & Sexuality,” in Sex from Plato to Paglia: A Philosophical Encyclopedia, ed. Alan Soble (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press), 2005, pp. 1-7

Lance, M. and M. Little, “Defeasibility and the Normative Grasp of Context,” Erkenntnis, 61(2-3): 435-455, 2004

“The Morality of Abortion,” in A Companion to Applied Ethics (Blackwell Press), eds. Christopher Wellman and Ray Frey, 1st edition, 2003, pp. 313-325; 2nd edition, 2013

Reprinted in Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine, eds. Bonnie Steinbock, Alex John London, John Arras (Mayfield Publishing), 6th edition (2008), 7th edition (2011), 8th edition (2012)

Reprinted in Taking Sides: Bioethics Issues, ed. Carol Levine (McGraw-Hill), 11th edition (2006); 12th edition (2007); 13th edition (2009), 14th edition (2001); ed. Greg Kaebnick, 15th edition (2013)

Edited version reprinted in Biomedical Ethics, 6th edition (McGraw-Hill, 2006); eds. Thomas A. Mappes and David DeGrazia; 7th edition (2011), eds. David DeGrazia, Thomas A. Mappes, Jeffrey Brand-Ballar

“On Knowing the ‘Why’: Particularism and Moral Theory,” The Hastings Center Report, 31(4), July/August 2001, pp. 32-40

Reprinted in Ethical Theory: An Anthology, ed. Russ Shafer-Landau (Wiley-Blackwell), 1st ed, (2007), pp. 776-784; 2nd ed. (2013), pp. 776-784

“Wittgensteinian Lessons on Particularism,” in Slow Cures and Bad Philosophers: Essays on Wittgenstein, Medicine, and Bioethics, ed. Carl Elliot, (Duke University Press), 2001, p. 161-180

“Moral Generalities Revisited,” in Moral Particularism, eds. Brad Hooker and Margaret Little, (Clarendon Press, Oxford), 2000, pp. 276-304

“Abortion, Intimacy, and the Duty to Gestate,” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, vol. 2, 1999, pp. 295-312

“Cosmetic Surgery, Suspect Norms, and Complicity,” in Enhancing Human Capacities: Conceptual Complexities and Ethical Implications, ed. Eric Parens (Georgetown University Press), 1998, pp. 162-176

Reprinted in Enhancement: Die ethische Debatte (Broschiert), ed. Bettina Schone-Seifert and Davinia Talbot, 2009

Reprinted in Biomedical Ethics, eds. David DeGrazia, Thomas A. Mappes, Jeffrey Brand-Ballard, (McGraw-Hill), 7th edition, 2011

Review, Laura Purdy’s Reproducing Bioethics: Issues in Feminist Bioethics, for Women and Health, vol. 29, no. 4, 1999, pp. 109-112

“Care: From Theory to Orientation and Back,” in Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, vol. 23, no. 2, April 1998, pp. 190-209

“Virtue as Knowledge: Objections from the Philosophy of Mind,” Nous, vol. 31, no. 1, 1997, pp. 59-79

Reprinted in: Foundations of Ethics, eds. Russ Shafer-Landau & Terence Cuneo (Blackwells), 2006, pp. 252-264

“Let Me Count the Ways: Feminism and Bioethics,” review of Joan Callahan’s Reproduction, Ethics, and the Law, and Susan Wolf’s Feminism and Bioethics: Beyond Reproduction, in Medical Humanities Review, Spring 1997

“Suspect Norms of Appearance and the Ethics of Complicity,” in In the Eye of the Beholder: Ethics and Medical Change of Appearance, eds. Inez de Beaufort, Medard Hilhorst, Soren Holm (Scandinavian University Press), 1996, pp. 151-167

“Procreative Liberty, Biological Connections, and Motherhood,” Journal of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, vol. 6, no. 4, Dec. 1996, pp. 392-396

“Why A Feminist Bioethics?” Journal of The Kennedy Institute of Ethics, vol. 6, no 1, March 1996, pp. 1-18

Reprinted in Meaning and Medicine, eds. James Lindemann Nelson and Hilde Lindemann Nelson (Routledge), 1999

Reprinted in Health Care Ethics in Canada, 2nd Edition, Baylis, Downie, Sherwin and Hoffmaster, 2004; 3rd edition, 2011

Reprinted in Beyond Bioethics: Toward a New Biopolitics, eds. Osagie Obasogie and Marcy Darnovsky, University of California Press, 2017

Review, R. Jay Wallace’s Responsibility and the Moral Sentiments, in Philosophical Quarterly, 45(5): October 1996, pp. 541-544

“Seeing and Caring: The Role of Affect in Feminist Moral Epistemology,” Hypatia, vol. 10, no. 3, Summer 1995, pp. 117-137

Reprinted in: Foundations of Ethics, eds. Russ Shafer-Landau & Terence Cuneo (Blackwells), 2006, pp 421-433

“Perspectives on Surrogate Motherhood,” review of books by John Robertson, Christine Overall, Ruth Macklin, and Helena Ragone, Medical Humanities Review, Fall 1995

“Recent Work in Moral Realism: Naturalism,” Philosophical Books, vol. 35, no. 3, July 1994, pp. 145-153

“Recent Work in Moral Realism: Non-Naturalism,” Philosophical Books, vol. 35, no. 4, Oct. 1994, pp. 225-233

GUIDANCE

C. Krubiner, R. Faden, R. Karron, M. Little, A. Lyerly, J. Abramson, R. Beigi, A. Cravioto, A.

Durbin, B. Gellin, S. Gupta, D. Kaslow, S. Kochhar, F. Luna, C. Saenz, J. Sheffield, P. Tindana [The

PREVENT Working Group]. “Pregnant women & vaccines against emerging epidemic threats:

Ethics guidance for preparedness, research, and response,” Vaccine, May 3, 2019,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.011

as a member of the Ethics Working Group on ZIKV Research & Pregnancy, “Women & the Zika Virus Vaccine Research Agenda: Ethics Guidance on Priorities, Inclusion, and Evidence Generation”, 2017: http://guidance.zikapregnancyethics.org/

PEER-REVIEWED POSTERS

Wickremsinhe, M. N., Little, M. O., & Lyerly, A. D. (2018). Clinical Research with Pregnant Adolescents: The Ethics of Risk Standards, Emancipation, and Consent. Journal of Adolescent Health, 62(2), S59.

Sheffield, J. S., Faden, R. R., Little, M. O., Lyerly, A. D., & Krubiner, C. B. (2018). Pregnant women and vaccines against emerging pathogens: ethics guidance on an inclusive and responsive research agenda and epidemic response. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 219(6), 650.

Krubiner, C., Lyerly, A., Little, M., Sheffield, J., Beigi, R., & Faden, R. (2017). Administering vaccines to pregnant women in an outbreak or epidemic: what factors and circumstances influence considerations of acceptable and recommended use?. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 217(6), 725.

Little, M., Wickremsinhe, M., & Lyerly, A. (2018). Paternal Consent and Research During Pregnancy: A Comparison With Dual-parent Consent in Pediatric Research [2i]. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 131, 97S-98S.

Little, M., Wickremsinhe, M., & Lyerly, A. (2017). Research in Pregnancy: The Ethics of Risk-Benefit Tradeoffs Between Woman, Fetus, and Future Child [21G]. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 129(5), 76S-77S.

Faden, R., S. Gilbert, K. Sullivan, J. Cadigan, C. Krubiner, E. Namey, M. Little, A. Lyerly, and A. Mastroianni. "Challenges to advancing HIV research in pregnancy: insights from the HIV research community." In JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY, vol. 19. AVENUE DE FRANCE 23, GENEVA, 1202, SWITZERLAND: INT AIDS SOCIETY, 2016.

NON-PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

with Jake Earl, critical précis of Agnieszka Jaworska & Julie Tannenbaum's "Person-Rearing Relationships as a Key to Higher Moral Status," PEA Soup (blog), Feb. 20, 2014:

http://peasoup.typepad.com/peasoup/2014/02/margaret-olivia-little-and-jake-earl-does-a-human-baby-have-more-moral-status-than-a-cat-if-they-have-similar-occurre.html

Lead author, American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Comm. No. 578, Elective Surgery & Patient Choice, 2013

with Ann Pendleton-Jullian, “Design & Ethics,” op-ed, The Hoya, Feb. 2013

“Conscience and Health Care,” op-ed, The Hoya, Jan. 2013

Lyerly, A., M. Little, F. Faden, “Pregnancy Is No Time to Refuse a Flu Shot,” op-ed, The New York Times, Sept., 29, 2009, pp D6

Faden, R., A. Lyerly, M. Little, “A Custom Drug,” The New York Times, May 10, 2009, op-ed, pp WK10

Armstrong, E., Harris L., Kukla R., Kuppermann M., Little M., Lyerly A., Mitchell L. (The Obstetrics and Gynecology Risk Research Group), “Maternal Caffeine Consumption during Pregnancy and the Risk of Miscarriage,” letter to the editor, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2008, 199(5), e13

with Alisa Carse, “Threats & Offers” and “Pornography,” Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Ted Honderich

ACADEMIC PRESENTATIONS “Digital Ethics,” Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, March 8, 2019

“Research with Pregnant Women: A Moral Imperative,” Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia,

March 7, 2019

“PHASES Guidance,” Division of AIDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, Jan. 4, 2019

“PHASES Guidance,” FDA, CFAR Division, Silver Spring MD, Oct. 23, 2018

Grand Rounds, “Research with Pregnant Women: Zika and Emerging Pathogens,” National

Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD, Oct. 3, 2018

“Ethical Issues in the Dalutegravir Crisis,” AIDS 2018, Amsterdam, July 20, 2018

“Philosophy and the Fetus,” Metaphysics of Motherhood conference, Southampton University,

UK, June 21, 2018

Panelist, The Future of AI, Georgetown John Carroll Weekend, Seattle WA, April 13, 2018

“Data Ethics,” JPMorgan Chase Foundation, Washington DC, Jan. 19, 2018

“Data Ethics in a Big Data World,” ADRF Conference, Georgetown University, Nov. 14, 2017

“Research with Pregnant Women: A Moral Imperative,” Mudd Center for Ethics, Washington

and Lee University, Nov. 8, 2017

“Research with Pregnant Women and Minimal Risk,” Task Force on Research Specific to

Pregnant Women and Lactating Women (congressional established Task Force reporting to

Health and Human Services), Nov. 6, 2017

Participant, Roundtable on Data Use, Georgetown Law Center, Oct. 27, 2017

with Anne Lyerly & Richard Beigi, “Confronting pregnancy in infectious disease epidemics:

HIV/AIDS, Zika virus, and beyond,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health (Apr. 2017)

“Research ethics and pregnancy”, Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB) Training

Symposium, National Institute of Mental Health (Apr. 2017)

“Ethical issues in 'wanted' pregnancies: maternal rights, duties, and prerogatives”, 2017 Eastern

Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association (Jan. 2017)

“Research ethics and pregnancy”, Expert Meeting on Malaria Vaccine Trials in Pregnant

Women, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Dec. 2016)

“Ethics of Research in Pregnancy”, Keynote speech and concluding remarks, Global Forum on

Bioethics in Research (Nov. 2016)

“Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women,” Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research

(course), National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center (Oct. 2016)

“Clinical Research with Pregnant Women,” invited Grand Rounds, National Institutes of Health (Feb. 2010, Feb 2011, Nov. 2015) “Clinical Research with Pregnant Women,” Lawrence Lader Lecture, Harvard Medical School, April 29, 2015 Commentary on Henry Richardson’s Articulating the Moral Community: Towards a Constructive Ethical Pragmatism, Moral Innovation Workshop, Georgetown University (April 2014) Cadigan J, Krubiner C, Mastroianni A, Little M, Lyerly A, Faden R. “Advancing Research on

Pregnancy and HIV: Ethics and Engagement,” American Society for Bioethics and Humanities

Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA, October 16-19, 2014.

“Reasons and Exculpatory Force” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), University of Toronto Philosophy Department (Sept. 2013)

“The Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women,” Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research Webinar (June, 2013)

“Abortion, Conscience, and the Ethics of Provision,” The Weiss Lecture, Williams College (May 2013) “Abortion, Conscience, and the Ethics of Provision,” The Shobe Endowed Lecture, University of California San Francisco Medical Center (May 2013)

“Abortion, Conscience, and the Ethics of Provision,” Kansas State University Philosophy Dept. (March 2013)

“The Moral Right to Do Wrong” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), Kansas State University Philosophy Department (March 2013) Panel member, discussion of Law’s Virtues by Catherine Kavegny, The Brookings Institute (Jan. 2013)

“The Moral Right to Do Wrong” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), Meta-Ethics Workshop, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Philosophy Department (Nov. 2012) “The Second Wave: Research & Pregnant Women” (project joint with Anne Lyerly and Ruth Faden), presentation to the staff of the Presidential Commission on the Study of Bioethical Issues (Nov. 2012) “Maternal Decision-Making,” University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Department of Social Medicine (May 2012) “Non-Deontic Reasons,” University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Philosophy Department (May 2012) “Morality Beyond Demands” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), The Evelyn Barker Memorial Lecture, University of Maryland at Baltimore County (April 2012) “The Moral Right to Do Wrong” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), University of Texas at Austin Philosophy Conference (Feb. 2012) “Careers in Bioethics,” Public Leadership Education Network (Jan. 2012, Jan. 2011, Nov. 2011) “Research with Pregnant Women: A Moral Imperative” (project joint with Anne Lyerly and Ruth Faden), Bioethics Challenges in HIV/AIDS Research Workshop, National Institute of Allergies & Infectious Diseases (Oct. 2011, Nov. 2010, Nov. 2008) “Clinical Research with Pregnant Women” (project joint with Anne Lyerly and Ruth Faden), National Institutes of Health course on Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Clinical Research (Oct. 2011, Sept. 2009, Nov. 2008) with Anne Lyerly & Ruth Faden, “The Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women” Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research annual conference (Oct. 2011, Oct. 2008) “Feminism and Abortion,” Keynote speaker, Diotoma Conference, University of Western Ontario (Sept. 2011)

“Non-Deontic Reasons,” University of Reading Philosophy Department (England, June 2011) “Feminist Approaches to Bioethics,” National Institutes of Health, Department of Bioethics Postdoctoral Seminar (Feb. 2011, Nov. 1999, Nov. 1998, Nov. 1997) “Between the Obligatory & the Optional" (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), University of Kentucky Philosophy Department, Dec. 2010

“Between the Obligatory & the Optional" (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), invited Plenary Speaker, American Society for Bioethics & the Humanities (Oct. 2010) "A Gradualist View of Fetal Status," panel member, Open Hearts, Open Minds, and Fair Minded Words Conference, Princeton University (Oct. 2010) with Anne Lyerly & Ruth Faden, “The Second Wave: Towards the Fair & Responsible Inclusion of Pregnant Women in Clinical Research,” presentation to the Office of Research on Women's Health conference on Research & Pregnancy (Oct. 2010)

“Between the Obligatory & the Optional" (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), Creating Normative Worlds Workshop, Georgetown University (March 2010)

“Morality & Abortion,” University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (March 2010) “The Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women” (project joint with Anne Lyerly and Ruth Faden), Invited Grand Rounds, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (March 2010) “Issues of Reproductive Ethics,” presentation to the Population and Family Planning Committee of China (Feb. 2010, Nov. 2010, Nov. 2009, Nov. 2008, Nov. 2007) “Danger Talk: Feminism and Fetuses,” panel discussion at Eastern Division meeting of the American Philosophical Association (Dec. 2009) “The Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women,” Maternal Health Course, FDA (Food & Drug Administration) (April 2009) “Morality & Abortion,” University of California, Riverside Philosophy Department (April 2009) “Re-Thinking Abortion,” Rutgers Law School (March 2009) “Morality & Abortion,” Bryn Mawr College (March 2009) “Morality & Abortion,” Keynote Address, The Tennessee Philosophical Association (Nov. 2008) “Between the Obligatory & the Optional" (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), The Deontology Theory Group (Oct. 2008)

“Between the Obligatory & the Optional" (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), Meta-Ethics Workshop, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Sept. 2008) With Coleen Macnamara, “Between the Obligatory & the Optional,” Dubrovnik Moral Assessment conference (Croatia, June 2008) “Abortion,” panel member, Central Division of the American Philosophical Association Conference (April 2008)

“Morality & Abortion,” Davidson College (March 2008) “Abortion & the Margins of Personhood,” Jurisprudence Panel, American Association of Law Professors, New York City (Jan. 2008) Schoenfeld T, Kukla R, Amoura J, Lyerly AD, Little M. ‘Reproducing’ Risk: Women and Clinical

Research. PRIM&R Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL. November 19, 2008.

“Morality Beyond Demands” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), University of Michigan Philosophy Dept. (Nov. 2007)

“The Ethics of Research with Pregnant Women,” Bioethics Interest Group, National Institutes of Health (Nov. 2007) Panelist, “The Second Wave: A Moral Framework for Clinical Research with Pregnant Women,” American Society of Bioethics & Humanities conference (Oct. 2007) with Jodi Halpern, “Empathy & Empowerment: Towards a New Model of Risk Communication,” Conference on Risk, Technology, & Emotion, Delft University, Holland (June 2007) Commentator, workshop on Trust, Yale University Philosophy Department (April 2007) Panelist, Conference on Maternal Birth Trauma in Africa, Duke University Medical Center (March 2007) “Morality Beyond Demands” (co-authored with Coleen Macnamara), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Feb. 2007) with the Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group, “Risk, Values, & Decision Making Around Pregnancy,” Summit on Pregnancy, Atlanta (Jan. 2007) “Deontic Pluralism,” The Columbia-Rutgers Values Workshop, Rutgers University (Dec. 2006) “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” University of California, Los Angeles Philosophy Department (Nov. 2006)

“Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Vassar College (Oct. 2006) “The Fetus as Patient,” panel member, American Society for Bioethics & Humanities (Oct. 2006) Critic, Author Meets Critics on Jonathan Dancy’s Unprincipled Ethics, Central Division of the American Philosophical Conference (2006) “Risk & the Pregnant Body” (co-authored with the Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), Duke University Medical Center (April 2006) “The Ethics of Caring,” The Denise Emerson Memorial Lecture, Duke University (April 2006) with Mark Lance, “Where the Laws Are,” Meta-Ethics Conference, University of Wisconsin, Madison Philosophy Department (Sept. 2005) with Mark Lance, “Where the Laws Are,” Bled Conference on Particularism (Slovenia, June 2005) “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Ursinus College, March 2005 “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Queen’s University (March 2005) “Moral Particularism,” Queen’s University Philosophy Department (Kingston, Ontario, March 2005) “Moral Particularism,” Pacific Division of the American Philosophical Association Conference (March 2004) “Medical Enhancement,” The National Institutes of Health Joint Seminar in Bioethics (Feb. 2005) “Risk & the Pregnant Body” (co-authored with the Ob-Gyn Risk Research Group), University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health “Where the Laws Are” (co-authored with Mark Lance), University of Texas, Austin Philosophy Department “The Moral Status of Early Life,” panel presentation at the American Society of Bioethics & the Humanities, Philadelphia (Oct. 2004) “Medical Enhancement,” The Ackerman Symposium, Harvard Medical School (April 2004) “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Tulane University (Jan. 2004)

“Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Ohio State University Philosophy Department (Nov. 2003) “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Princeton University Center for Human Values (Nov. 2003) “Intimate Assistance: Re-Thinking Abortion in Law & Morality,” Duke University (Oct. 2003) “Emotions & Medical Decision-Making,” panel member, American Society of Bioethics & the Humanities, Montreal (Oct. 2003) “Care in the Caretaking Professions,” The Leiter Lecture, Grand Rounds, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Washington, DC (April 2003) with Alisa Carse, “Threats & Offers,” NIH Joint Seminar in Bioethics (Dec. 2002) “Feminist Approaches to Bioethics,” Waseda University, Japan (Dec. 2002) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” The Johns Hopkins University Philosophy Department (Nov. 2002) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” University of Pennsylvania Philosophy Department (Nov. 2002) “Responsibility & Psychopharmacology,” panel member, American Society of Bioethics & the Humanities, Baltimore (Oct. 2002) “Particularism & Defeasible Generalizations in Morality” (co-authored with Mark Lance), Massachusetts Institute of Technology Philosophy Department (Oct. 2002) with Mark Lance, “Particularism & Defeasible Generalizations in Morality,” British Society for Ethical Theory, Reading, England (April 2002) “Particularism & Defeasible Generalizations in Morality” (co-authored with Mark Lance), Mt. Holyoke College (April 2002) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Mt Holyoke College (April 2002) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Philamore reading group (Feb. 2002) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Georgia State University Philosophy Department (Feb. 2002)

“Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” invited speaker session, the American Philosophical Association Eastern Division Conference (Dec. 2001) “Moral Generalities Revisited,” Philamore reading group (Oct. 2001) “Particularism & Defeasible Generalizations in Morality,” Bates College Philosophy Department (Oct. 2001) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Wellesley College (Oct. 2001) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” University of Iowa Philosophy Department (May 2001) “Moral Generalities Revisited,” University of Virginia Philosophy Department (May 2001) “Moral Generalities Revisited,” University of Iowa Philosophy Department (May 2001) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” State University of New York, Albany Philosophy Department (March 2001) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” The University of Maryland, College Park Philosophy Department (March 2001) “The Ethics of Care,” Dana Farber Cancer Clinic, Harvard University (Dec. 2000) “Health Care & the Politics of Difference,” University of Virginia Bioethics Center (Oct. 2000) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Michigan State University Bioethics Center (Oct. 2000) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” University of Virginia Bioethics Center (Oct. 2000) “Care in the Caretaking Professions,” University of Nevada, Las Vegas Philosophy Department (May 2000) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” University of Nevada at Las Vegas Philosophy Department (May 2000) “Abortion, Intimacy, & the Duty to Gestate,” Gaucher College (April 2000) “Feminist Lessons in Moral Epistemology,” American Society for Bioethics and the Humanities National Conference, Philadelphia (Oct. 1999) with Carol Bailey, “Bioethics Primer,” American Society for Bioethics and Humanities National Conference (Oct. 1999)

“Maternal-Fetal Conflict Revisited,” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Members’ Day Symposium (Sept. 1999) “Gestation Without Consent,” American University’s Washington College of Law (May 1999) “Surrogate Gestation and the Meanings of Motherhood: What’s A Good Feminist To Do?” York College (April 1999) “Gestation Without Consent,” Anne Howard Shaw Lecture, Albion College (March 1999) “Health Care & the Politics of Difference,” Members’ Day Symposium, Kennedy Institute of Ethics (Dec. 1998) “Health Care & the Politics of Difference,” American Public Health Association Conference, Washington, DC (Nov. 1998) “Why a Feminist Approach to Bioethics?” University of Maryland at Baltimore County (Nov. 1998) “New Reproductive Arrangements,” United States Uniformed Services Medical Center, Washington D.C. (Oct. 1998) “Gestation Without Consent,” British Society for Ethical Theory, University of Kent at Canterbury (Sept. 1998) “Gestation Without Consent,” Bioethics Summer Retreat, Cape Cod (June 1998) “Gestation Without Consent,” University of Tennessee at Knoxville Philosophy Department (April 1998) “Radical Moral Particularism,” University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Philosophy Department (April 1998) “Abortion,” National Institutes of Health Department of Bioethics Postgraduate Seminar (March 1998, Dec. 1998) “Surrogate Motherhood,” The National Institutes of Health Department of Bioethics Postdoctoral Seminar (Dec. 1999, Feb. 1998, Nov. 1998) “Caring and Institutional Ethics,” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Members’ Symposium (Jan. 1998) “Why a Feminist Approach to Bioethics?” University of Virginia Bioethics Center (Nov. 1997) “Surrogate Motherhood,” University of Minnesota Bioethics Center (Oct. 1997)

“Caring and Institutional Ethics,” National Hospice Organization Convention (Oct. 1997) “Caring and Institutional Ethics,” Board of Directors, Montgomery County Hospice Society (Sept. 1997) “Radical Moral Particularism,” British Society for Ethical Theory, Lancaster University (July 1997) “Radical Moral Particularism,” Philamore reading group (April 1997) “Radical Moral Particularism,” Georgetown-University of Maryland reading group (Dec. 1996) Discussant, Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association, session on Moral Perception (Dec. 1996) “Surrogate Motherhood,” World Congress of Bioethics (Nov. 1996) “Why a Feminist Approach to Bioethics?” Keynote Speech, Women in Health Care 5th Annual Berkshires conference (Nov. 1996) “Saving Appearances When the Norms are Ideologically Suspect,” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Members’ Symposium (Oct. 1996) “Saving Appearances When the Norms are Ideologically Suspect,” Hastings Center Project on Enhancement (March 1996) “Surrogate Motherhood,” University of Maryland at Baltimore, Medical Center (Nov. 1995) “Saving Appearances When the Norms are Ideologically Suspect,” Conference on the Ethics of Appearance, Copenhagen, Denmark (June 1995) Discussant, Pacific Division of the American Philosophical Association, session on Moral Realism, San Francisco (April 1995) “Moral Particularism and ‘Good-Making’ Properties,” Keele University Philosophy Department, England (March 1995) “Why a Feminist Approach to Bioethics?” Keele University, England, course on medical ethics (March 1995) Discussant, Conference on Practical Reason, St. Andrew’s University, Scotland (March 1995) “Why a Feminist Approach to Bioethics?” Bioethics Retreat, Bar Harbour, Maine (June 1994)

“Seeing and Caring in Moral Epistemology,” Kennedy Institute of Ethics and Philosophy Department, Georgetown University (May 1994) “Seeing and Caring in Moral Epistemology,” Virginia Commonwealth University (March 1994) ADMINISTRATION AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES Kennedy Institute of Ethics Director, July 2009 - June 2018 Founder & Director, EthicsLab (https://kennedyinstitute.georgetown.edu/experiments/) Conversations in Bioethics, producer and host, 2014 - 2018 (https://kennedyinstitute.georgetown.edu/cib/) Producer, Phlx101-01, Introduction to Bioethics MOOC (massive, open, online course), Spring 2014 (https://www.edx.org/course/georgetownx/georgetownx-phlx101-01x-introduction-811) Interim Director, Bioethics Research Library, Sept. 2011 – Nov. 2012 Course Director, Intensive and Advanced Bioethics Courses, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, 1995-1998, 2001- 2010 Faculty Co-Coordinator, Joint Seminar in Bioethics, Fall 2000 – Fall 2010 Mentor, Greenwall Post-Doctoral Fellowship Program, 2005 -- 2009 Grants & Awards Mozilla Responsible Computer Science Challenge, [co-PI with Nitan, total.]

Wellcome Trust, Conducting Ethical Research with Pregnant Women in the Emerging Zika

Pandemic and Beyond: Challenges Arising in Public Health Crises. Role: co-I. 2016-2018.

National Institutes of Health (NIAID) R01, The PHASES Project: Pregnancy and HIV/AIDS: Seeking Equitable Study. 2015-2019. Role: site PI. National Institutes of Health (NIAID) R56, Advancing HIV Research During Pregnancy: Ethics and Engagement. 2013-14. Role: site PI. Total GU Direct: $143,080 Principal Investigator, ITEL (Initiative on Technology Enhanced Learning), Georgetown University, grant for making Introduction to Bioethics MOOC, Georgetown University, Fall 2013, $100,000

Principal Investigator, ITEL (Initiative on Technology Enhanced Learning), Georgetown University, grant for producing digital learning environment for Studio Collaborative, Spring 2015, $25,000 Collaborative Center for Study of Public Genomics; Duke University. Role: site PI 08/01/2009-04/01/2012 Total Directs: $153,844 National Information Resource on Ethics and Human Genetics National Institute of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute Role: site PI 08/01/2009-07/31/2011 Total Directs: $301,560 Principal Investigator, Reflective Engagement grant, “Second Wave workshop,” Georgetown University, Fall 2009, $35,000 SSHRC Standard Research Grant

Autonomy and the Negotiation of Information on Reproductive Health Care. Role: co-I (Kukla

PI)

Amount: $100,565

2006-2009

Philosophy Department Graduate Committee, 1998 – present Faculty Leader, Third Year Seminar, 2003-07, 2011-12, 2014-15 Member, Placement Committee, 1996-2009 (director, 1999 – 2005); 2011-12 Co-Coordinator, Symposium in Honor of Lauren Fleming, May 2011 Faculty Leader, First Year Workshop, 2007 – 2009 Search Committee, Fall 2000 Speaker’s Committee, 1994 - 96 University level Tech & Society Advisory Committee, May 2019 - present

Advisory Committee, Gender & Justice Initiative, Georgetown, Jan. 2019 - present Co-Chair, Faculty Network on Digital Governance and Ethics, Fall 2018 - present Faculty Advisory Board, Georgetown Environmental Initiative, Fall 2014 - present Faculty Advisory Board, CNDLS (Center for New Designs in Learning & Scholarship), Fall 2013 – 2018 Committee on Investment & Social Responsibility, Fall 2012 - 2016 Advisory Committee, Science in the Public Interest, Fall 2011 – 2016 Benefits Advisory Council, Fall 2005 - 2018 Engaged Ethics Initiative, Chair of Steering Committee, Spring 2010-2013 Member, Search Committee, Center for Clinical Bioethics Directorship, Summer 2010 – Spring 2012 Thresholds & Bottlenecks, CNDLS faculty workshop, May 2011 Faculty Senate, Fall 2002-2004 Family Care and Maternity Leave Committee, 2002–2005 (Chair 2003-05) External

WHO Webinar presentation, Ethics & Research with Pregnant and Lactating women, Nov. 30,

2018

Dalutegravir Working Group, International AIDS Society, Sept. 2018 - present

Expert Panel Member, Prenatal Opoid Exposure, National Institutes of Health, Oct. 22, 2018

Participant, [Paul Ohm workshop]

Participant, Baker Forum on The Future of AI, Washington DC, Feb. 1, 2018

Member, Planning Committee for Global Forum Bioethics Research, 2016, “Research and

Pregnant Women,” Buenos Aires, Argentina, Nov. 2016

Member, Ethics Consultation Workshop, Zika, Pan-American Health Organization, April 6 & 7

2016, Washington DC

Member, Ethics Committee, American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2010 – 2016 Co-Founder, The Second Wave (www.secondwaveinitiative.org), 2008 - present Co-Founder and Member, Deontology Theory Group, 2008-2009 Co-Founder and Member, The Ob-Gyn Risk Group, Spring 2004 - 2010 Nominating Committee, Hastings Center, 2008-2009 (Chair, 2009) External Reviewer, Philosophy Department at SUNY Albany, Spring 2008 Invited Participant, Meta-Ethics Workshop, UNC Chapel Hill, Fall 2008, Fall 2012 Invited Participant, The Columbia-Rutgers Nature of Value Workshop, 2003-2010 Ethics Consultant, Obstetrics & Pharmacology Research Unit at Georgetown University, 2007 Eastern APA Program Committee, 2003-2005 Advisory Board, International Network on Feminist Bioethics, 1998 – 2004 Member, Montgomery Hospice Society Ethics Committee, October 1994 – August 2002 Program Committee, American Society for Bioethics & the Humanities, 1999 Rhodes Scholarship, State & Regional Selection Committees member, 1987-98 Member, Core Group of Consultants, National Endowment for the Humanities, “On the Prospect of Technologies Aimed at the Enhancement of Human Capacities,” July 1995 - August 1997 Acting Administrator, Feminism and Gender Studies Program, Bryn Mawr College, Spring 1994 Steering Committee, Feminism and Gender Studies Program, Bryn Mawr College, 1993 - 1994 EDITORIAL WORK Editorial Board, Ethics, 2009-2018 Associate Editor, Ethics, 2008-09

Subject Editor, Bioethics, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, June 2005-April 2009 Editor-in-Chief, International Network on Feminist Approaches to Bioethics Newsletter, Fall 1996-2004 Guest Co-Editor, Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, special issue on The Theory of Care Theory, April 1998 Guest Editor, Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, special issue on Feminist Approaches to Bioethics, March 1996 Reviewer for Oxford University Press, MIT Press, Ethics, Nous, Philosophical Quarterly, Hypatia, Social Theory & Practice, Journal of Clinical Ethics, The Hastings Center Report, Journal of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Philosophical Explorations, Theoretical Medicine & Bioethics, Journal of Ethics & Social Philosophy Dissertation Advising Chair: Jason Farr, Moral Pragmatics, current Hailey Huget, Moral Status, current Jake Earl, Philosophy of Parenthood, 2017 Colin Hickey (co-chair with Madison Powers), Climate & Responsibility, 2017 Anthony Manela, On Gratitude, 2014 Marcus Hedahl, Owing it to Us, 2013 Kelly Heuer, Underdetermination & the Will, 2013 Amina Porter (Doctorate of Liberal Studies), Trauma & Birth, 2013 Yashar Saghai (co-chair with Madison Powers), The Ethics of Public Health Nudges, 2012 Tea Logar, Exploitation in Personal Relationships: from Consent to Caring, 2009 Lauren Fleming, The Normativity of Personal Commitment, 2009 Matthew McAdam (co-chair with Wayne Davis), Self-Movement & Natural Normativity: Keeping Agents in the Causal Theory of Action, 2007

Jeremy Snyder, Exploitation and Demeaning Choices: Understanding the Long Line at the Sweatshop Door, 2007 Elisa Hurley (co-chair with Nancy Sherman), Beyond Emotional Cognitivism: Feelings, Norms, and Folk-Psychological Kinds, 2006 Coleen Macnamara, Beyond Praise and Blame: Toward a Theory of Holding Others Responsible, 2006 Michelle Strauss, A Social Account of Integrity, 2005 William Heath White (co-chair with Mark Lance), Inferentialism and Practical Reason, 2002 Susan Stark, Morality and Emotion, 1998 Jeremy Randel Koons (co-chair with Mark Lance), A Conditional Defense of Moral Realism, 1998 Reader: Melayna Schiff, Anorexia as an Identity, 2019 - present Deirdre Nelms, Agency from the Ground Up, 2019 - present Laura Guidry-Grimes, Psychiatric Ethics, 2017 Patricia McShane, Moral Testimony, 2015 Lee Okster, The Well-governed Person, 2011 Amy Sepinwall, Responsibility for Group Transgressions, 2011 Daniel Levine, The Chronological Paradox in Customary International Law, or the Virtue of Sloppy Timing in a Messy World, 2005 Harrison Keller, Rethinking Respect for Persons, 2002 Kevin Fitzgerald, Ethical Analysis of Human Genetic Interventions: A Response from Karl Rahner to the Need for Integrating Current Scientific Knowledge into Philosophical Anthropologies, 2000 Frank Chessa, Coherentist Justification in Ethics, 1999 Elizabeth Hill Emmett-Mattox, Integrity and Impartiality: Reconciling Moral Theory and Moral Life, 1999

Whitley Kaufman, Intending vs Foreseeing Harm: The Foundation of Deontological Constraints, 1998 Laura Jane Bishop, Family Matters: The Role of the Family in Medical Decision Making with Competent Patients, 1998 Sharon Ruth Livingston, A Framework for Deontic Reasoning in Predicate Logic, 1998 Robin Fiore, Realizing Liberal Egalitarianism: Towards A Feminist Theory of Equality, 1997