1/21/09 ISP 4860 Class 2 1

Senior Seminar II Winter 2009ISP 4860

Section 002 (Bowen)

Class 2, January 21Course web site: www.is.wayne.edu/drbowen/SenSemW09

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Starting Off

• Initial the signin sheet• Next week 1/28 also meet in Computer Lab C

How to use Moodle Then back to 012 Manoogian 2/4 for rest of semester

• Agenda for tonight Using WSU Research Databases – Deborah Tucker Moodle and Pictures Review of overview Research – MLA and references Content – Population Writing – In-class writing assignment

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Moodle and Pictures

• We will be using Moodle (similar to BlackBoard) for turning in work

• Meet here next week to see how to use Moodle

• Moodle has pictures Only visible to class members (signin) Ready for your Moodle picture tonight? If not, next week

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Review of Overview

• Course topic: The Human Footprint, 25 pg A research paper Huh? (What does it mean) Subtopics (topics for paper) on next slide Five suggested Chapters, avg. 5 pages each

1. Human footprint with focus on your subtopic

2. Present status for your subtopic

3. Trends for your subtopic

4. Sustainability for your subtopic

5. Human footprint and interactions with your subtopic

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The Human Footprint• Subtopics - pick one for research paper topic

Population Urbanization Development / disease Food / fish Failed States Water Ecosystem services Energy / Global Warming Sustainability Consumption & waste Land: dwelling & food Tragedy of Commons

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Research:Why References/Citations?

• A citation or reference gives the information needed to find and, to some extent, evaluate a reference

• Purposes: To give credit to those you borrow from To trace your influences To let the reader check up on you

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MLA Citations

• MLA – short in-text citations (minimize disruption to reader)

• All direct quotations and other references to authority must be cited.

• If a reference is cited but the text is not in quotes, then the words must be your own.

• Borrowed ideas must be cited also• MLA citation in parentheses inside sentence

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MLA Citations

• Full bibliographic information on “Works Cited” page in back – slide coming up

• Example (in body) - author’s name and page inside parenthesesSome people argue that managing the commons will require harsh tactics (Hardin 3).

Means page 3 of the article written by Garrett Hardin

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MLA Citations

• Three basic MLA styles EDW #481. Author’s name in sentence, only one work

cited by that author (include page only)2. Author’s name not in sentence, only one work

cited by that author (include name page)3. Author’s name not in sentence, more than

one work cited by that author (include year of publication)

• See variations in EDW• Next week: citing web pages

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At back: Works Cited/Consulted

• Reference to work, without page number

• Reader must be able to find the right line!

• So: Authors in order, first author with last name

first Title Place of publication Publisher Date of publication

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Number of References

• 12 research-quality references, e.g. 8 from WSU research databases Scholarly books or articles UN & other government websites Websites of scholarly/research organizations Textbooks, references in textbooks

• Others may be mixed in Examples: newspapers, popular magazines Put “RQ” in front of the research-quality ones

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Research Portfolio

• Handout, review of handout

• Bring to class in two weeks (2/4)

• In-class evaluation: Group comparison Self-assessment of your own portfolio

• Regular evaluations during semester

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Content:Population

• Not in Planet in Peril – mainly natural environment There in the background – helps to cause

many of the environmental problems in PIP• Right at the start of State of the Planet• Humans are the dominant species on

earth (Will microorganisms make us extinct?) We dominate all major ecosystems /

continents We are a very successful species

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The Dominant Species

• To a large extent, we are responsible for most other (large?) species – they survive or become extinct because of what we do Are we ready for this responsibility?

• Do we understand that we are responsible?• Are we able? Complex relationships, lack of

knowledge

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Population Trends

• Started out as minor species in Southern Africa ~ 5MYA

• Growth rate increasing 600 M 1700 2 B 1927 4 B 1974 6 B 1999 6.6 B 2008 9.1 B 2050 (UN does not project beyond this)

World Population

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100

YearP

op

ula

tio

n (

bill

ion

s)

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Population Background

• All population figures are estimates• Population tends to grow by percent, not

by absolute numbers If there are more people, they have more

children

• Population rates of growth (e.g. percent) are not fixed, but have many influences ~ 1965 growing by 2.1% per year By 2002 fell to 1.2% - worldwide decrease

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World Regions

• 1750 – 1950 most growth in Europe & New World

• Now most growth in Africa, Middle East, Asia

• Rich countries = developed: North America, western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan

• Less developed = ROW• Least developed: 49 countries

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Human Population (repeat)

Region 2007 Pop (B) 2050 UN est.

World 6.6 9.1

China 1.3 1.4

India 1.0 1.5

US 0.31 0.41

Europe 0.73 0.65

More Developed 1.2 1.2

Less Developed 5.4 7.8

Least Developed 0.80 1.7

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UN World & Africa Estimates

• Charts make it clear that population is not expected to level off by 2050

• Most growth expected in poorer countriesEstimated World Population

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060

Year

Bill

ion

s

African Population

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

, Bill

ion

s

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Vital Rates

• For an individual country,Change in population = births – deaths + migration (can be + or -)

• For the world, change = births – deaths

• Population can increase if births ↑ or deaths ↓ (population gets older) Worldwide, life expectancy ↓, but this should

be OK because births decrease after a lag (“demographic transition”)

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Malthus

• 1798 Thomas Malthus An Essay on the Principle of Population Population tends to grow by percent, food by

absolute amount, so predicted worldwide famine

Didn’t happen – technology raised food supply

This is similar but often dismissed because Malthus was wrong

I think we will come through, with major changes

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Writing

• You should have brought with you one-half page on “Is it Happy New Year?” A clear overall impression of your experience Give specific examples in an organized manner No spelling or grammar standards as long as

meaning is clear• Group critique – read yours aloud to the group• Whole group discusses each piece and makes

suggestions for improvements, you take notes• Rewrite, turn both in with notes on discussion

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Next Week – 1/28• Meet again in Lab C• You should have PIP finished• Have a good idea of your subtopic• Start working on finding research-quality

references Don’t let practice here get stale!

• Start reading in SOP First Chapter to read is the one on your topic!

• Topic: use of Moodle for turning in work Be ready for your Moodle picture! Will need AccessID and Password for webmail, or

other web-based email

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Two Weeks –2/4

• Back to 012 Manoogian, for good

• Bring Portfolio to class

• Reading in SOP: read “your” chapter first, then rest in order

• Moodle pictures