sensor technology for civil and mechanical systems (stcms) shih-chi liu, program director...
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Sensor Technology for Civil and Mechanical Systems (STCMS)
Shih-Chi Liu, Program Director
[email protected] (703) 292-7017
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The 4th International Conference of Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, 10/06
Engineering: Culture, Tradition, and Diversity
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What Do We Do?
Research Teaching
Practice
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As an Engineer…
• What do we do?
-- Research, Teaching, and Practice
• What is the nature of our work?
-- Analysis & Design (> 80%)
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Directorate for EngineeringFY 06 Budget
Assistant DirectorRichard Buckius
Assistant DirectorRichard Buckius
Senior AdvisorNanotechnologySenior Advisor
Nanotechnology
Office of IndustrialInnovation
OII (SBIR/STTR)
Office of IndustrialInnovation
OII (SBIR/STTR)
Bioengineering &Environmental
SystemsBES
Bioengineering &Environmental
SystemsBES
Civil &Mechanical
SystemsCMS
Civil &Mechanical
SystemsCMS
Chemical &TransportSystems
CTS
Chemical &TransportSystems
CTS
EngineeringEducation &
CentersEEC
EngineeringEducation &
CentersEEC
Electrical &Communications
SystemsECS
Electrical &Communications
SystemsECS
Design &Manufacturing
InnovationDMI
Design &Manufacturing
InnovationDMI
Bruce Hamilton($46.53M)
Warren DeVries($58.25M)
Kesh Narayanan($102.87M)
Geoffrey Prentice, Acting($63.06M)
Adnan Akay($80.28M)
Usha Varshney($64.95M)
Gary Gabriele($134.81M)
Mike Roco
NSF: $5,581.17M
ENG: $575.38M
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NSF Operation
Guiding Principles: People Ideas Tools
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Five Pillars of Scholarship
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NSF Earthquake Hazard Mitigation
EHM Historical Milestones
Pro
gra
m A
nn
ual
Bu
dg
et
1964 77 80 91 9472
No
rth
rid
ge
Lo
ma
Pri
eta
New
mar
k N
EH
RP
Rep
ort
14.0M
18.0M
8.0M
San
Fer
nan
do
2.0M
0.5M
Ala
ska
US
-Jap
an L
arg
e-S
cale
Tes
tin
g P
rog
ram
US
-PR
C P
roto
col
An
nex
III
US
-Ta
iwan
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New Structural System Design
• 1950---Structures Mostly Non-Engineered• 1960---Moment Resisting Frames Shear Walls• 1970---Rigorous Bldg Codes Development for Steel, R/C & Masonry Bldgs• 1980---Braced Frames, Reinforced Masonry• 1990---Precast/Prestressed &
Composite/Hybrid Systems• Future—Smart Structures
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US-Taiwan Cooperation
• 1978—US Group Visit (ST Mau & Penzien) Newmark, Clough, Jennings…
* Penzien spent one yr at NTU
*Feitzui Dam study (Clough/Mau, Penzien)
* Kaohsiung Cross-harbor Tunnel (Penzien)
* SMART Array (Bolt/Penzien/Tsai/Mau)
*Workshops
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US-Taiwan Cooperation (Cont)
• 1999---Chi-Chi EQ * Int’l WS in Taichun (NSC sponsored)
(Liu & 12 US & foreign researchers)
* NSF initiated an one-yr initiative
* US EQ Engr Centers approached NSC & NCREE to initiate center-to-center research—but not much has happened
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When I was Young (1978)
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EASTERN & WESTERN CULTURE
•Family value Individual value
•Personal level Business manner
•Traditional Less traditional
•Verbal Commitment Written contract
•Sharing of wealth Self-sufficient
•Long-term gain Short-term gain
•Balanced Centralized
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Balance & Harmony
“Shoveling Manure For a Day is an Excellent Counterbalance to
Intellectual Work.”
-Baruck BlumbergDirector, NASA Institute of Astrobiology
1976 Nobel Prize in Medicine
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Balance & Harmony
Examples ofYin and YangShade Sunshine
Hidden Exposed
Earth Heaven
Moon Sun
Female Male
Inward-looking Outgoing
Closed Open
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Moore’s Law – Revisited
year
log
(p
eo
ple
pe
r c
om
pu
ter)
Number CrunchingData Storage
productivityinteractive
streaming streaming informationinformationto/from physical to/from physical worldworld
Mainframe
Minicomputer
Workstation
PC
Laptop
PDA
60 70 80 9050 00 10
We are on the verge of a vast increase in the spatial & temporal spatial & temporal fidelityfidelity at which we instrument &
analyze the physical world.
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Sensors & Sensing Systems
• Sensing Systems: Sensors & Assoc electronic or optical
processing that make the measurement usable
• Smart Sensors: Sensors to have self calibrating and self
diagnosis capabilities
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Hybrid Autonomic Fly Trap
epidermis
vein
Parenchymacells epidermis
Sensing hair
K+
expand
H2O
H+
Insect touches the antenna located in the middle of leaf.
Rapid closure of the leaf trap the insect.
Cross-section view before the leaf motion.
After the leaf motion.
(Courtesy of Profesor M. Taya)
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Bio-Inspired Engineered Systems
www.jamesedmunds.com
A. Kobayashi (www.gps.caltech.edu)
SiO2Au
Materials
Nature 424: 853 (2003)
Optics
Sensors
(Self-Assembled)
Structures
Autumn et al. Nature (2000)
Catalysis
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Sensors and Sensor NetworksInitiative
• FY 2003.--$45M
• FY 2004– ~$39M
• FY 2005 – -$30M
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Program MetricsNo. of
ProposalsNo. of
AwardsSuccess
Rate
(%)
Dwell Time
(months)
2003 163 16 10 4.66
2002 83 10 12 4.93
2001 87 12 14 6.72
Proposals # doubled, but funding rate is decreasing.
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Opportunity in Sensors Research
Sensors for the Detection of Explosives
$20 million
Credit: Mete Sozen and Julio Ramirez, Purdue University School of Civil Engineering
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Future Trends
• MULTIPLE HAZARD SOL’Ns• TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS
--information technology --new materials & new systems --wide use of sensors, actuactors, etc -- autoadaptive media
• TRADITIONAL & NONTRADITIONAL APPROACHES
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TEACHING
Generous time for students Continuous curriculum updating Knowledge transfer across the lines & out of the box Enable students to search and innovate on his own Concurrent teaching & learning Cultivating & mentoring Creating opportunities enabling students to mature ………
Bottom Line:
How many high-quality students has the teacher graduated?
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Who are good teachers here today?
All of you are!
In Particular: --Mete Sozen,…..
--Tomizuka
--Joe Penzien
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The Best Teacher Ever?
The God--as a teacher He has taught for K’s/M’s of years He has had millions of students all over the
world Except a few, most students were loyal to
Him He reaches out to students of all geographic
locations, all genders, all races, all ages, and rich and poor
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WHY GOD NEVER REC’VED TENURE AT ANY UNIVERSITY?
o He had only one major publicationo It was in Hebrewo It had no referenceo It wasn’t not published in a refereed
journalo Some doubt he wrote it Himselfo He may have created the world, but
what has He done since?o The scientific community can’t
replicate His results
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WHY GOD NEVER REC’VED TENURE AT ANY UNIVERSITY?
(Cont.)
o He rarely come to class and just told students: “Read the Book”
o Some say He has his son teach the class
o He expelled His first two studentso His office hours were irregular and
sometimes held on a mountaintopo Although there were only 10
requirements, most students failed
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The World Forum on Smart Materials and
Smart Structures Technology
(SMSST ’07)
May 22-27, 2007
Chongqing & Nanjing, China
http://www.smsst07.org
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Hosts• Chongqing
• Nanjing
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China
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China
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Time to Toast Again
Questions?
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Useful Web Addresses
• National Science Foundation: www.nsf.gov• Civil & Mechanical Systems: http://www.eng.nsf.gov/cms/• Grant Proposal Guide: http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf0423• FY2004 Guide to Programs:
http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf04009• Sensors and Sensor Networks (FY2004 version):
http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04522• Mathematical Sciences: Innovations at the Interface with the Sciences and
Engineering (FY2004 version): http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04538
• Program Officers (Dynamic Systems, Modeling, Sensing and Control)– Dr. Shih-Chi Liu [email protected] 703-292-7017