sentences ppt

8/6/2019 Sentences Ppt

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Parts of a Sentence

� Punctuation

� Nouns

� Verbs� Adjectives

� Adverbs

�

Prepositions� Frequently Confused Words



Punctuation

� . Period

� ? Question Mark

� ! Exclamation Mark

� , Comma

� ' Apostrophe

� " Quotation Marks

� : Colon

� ; Semicolon

� - Dash

� - Hyphen



Period [.]

1. Use a period to show the end of asentence.

Hockey is a popular sport in Canada.The federal government is based in Ottawa.

2. Use a period after certain abbreviations.B.C. is the province located on the WestCoast.Dr . Bethune was a Canadian who worked inChina.

The company is located at 888 Bay St. inToronto.It is 4:00 p.m. in Halifax right now.



Question Mark [?]

Use a question mark at the end of a

sentence to show a direct question.

How many provinces are there in Canada?Note: do not use a question mark for

indirect questions.

The teacher asked the class a question.

Do not ask me why.



Exclamation Mark [!]

Use an exclamation mark at the end of

a sentence to show surprise or

excitement.

We won the Stanley Cup!

The forest is on fire!



Comma [,]

1. Use a comma to show a pause in a sentence.

Therefore, we should write a letter to the prime minister.

2. Use a comma with quotation marks to show whatsomeone has said directly.

"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."3. Use commas for listing three or more different

things.

Ontario, Quebec, and B.C. are the three biggestprovinces.

4. Use commas around relative clauses that addextra information to a sentence.

Emily Carr , who was born in 1871, was a great painter.



Apostrophe [']

1. Use an apostrophe to show ownership of something.

This is David's computer.These are the player's things. (Things that

belong to the player)Note: For nouns in plural form, put the

apostrophe at the end of the noun.

These are the players' things. (Things thatbelong to the players)

2. Use an apostrophe to show letters thathave been left out of a word.

I don't know how to fix it.



Quotation Marks ["]

Use quotation marks to show what

someone has said directly.

The prime minister said, "We will win the

election."

"I can come today," she said, "but not

tomorrow."



Colon [:]

1. Use a colon to introduce a list of

things.

There are three positions in

hockey: goalie, defence, and forward.

2. Use a colon to introduce a long

quotation.

The prime minister said: "We will fight. Wewill not give up. We will win the next

election."



Semicolon [;]

1. Use a semicolon to join related

sentences together .

The festival is very popular ; people from

all over the world visit each year.

2. Use a semicolon in lists that already

have commas.

The three biggest cities in Canada areToronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; and

Vancouver, B.C.



Dash [-]

1. Use a dash before a phrase that summarizes the ideaof a sentence.

Mild, wet, and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in Vancouver.

2. Use a dash before and after a phrase or list that addsextra information in the middle of a sentence.

The children - Pierre, Laura, and Ashley - went to the store.Most Canadians - but not all - voted in the last election.

3. Use a dash to show that someone has beeninterrupted when speaking.

The woman said, "I want to ask - " when the earthquakebegan to shake the room.



Hyphen [-]

1. Use a hyphen to join two words thatform one idea together .

Sweet-smellingfire-resistant

2. Use a hyphen to join prefixes to words.

Anti-Canadiannon-contact

3. Use a hyphen when writing compoundnumbers.

One-quarter twenty-three



Nouns

A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea.

Every sentence must have a noun as its

subject.

Examples:

The bear sleeps.

Toronto is a city.



Types of Nouns

�Proper Nouns

�Common Nouns

�Collective nouns

�Countable nouns and

Uncountable (or Mass) nouns



Proper Nouns

A proper noun is the name of a person,

place or thing. Proper nouns should

always be capitalized.

Examples:

Toronto

Mr . Brown

Sally



Common Nouns

� A common noun is any noun that is

not a proper noun. Common nouns

are not capitalized.

� Examples:

� the city

� a leader

� this woman



Collective Nouns

� a crowd

� a range of mountains

� a deck of cards

� a pil e of books� an anthol ogy of poems

� a bunch of grapes

� a pack of wolves

� a swarm of bees� a network of computers

� a host of golden daffodils



Forms of Nouns

� Plural Nouns

� Possessive Forms



Plural Forms

� The plural form of a noun indicates

more than one. The plural form is

usually formed by adding an s or es.

� Examples:

� one week, two weeks

� a house, many houses

� one box, two boxes



Nouns that end in a consonant followed by a y are madeplural by dropping the y and adding i es.

Example:

one country, two countries

Nouns that end in a vowel followed by a y are madeplural by adding s.

Example:

one toy, two toys

Nouns that end in f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

Example:

one leaf , two leaves

Certain irregular nouns have special plural forms.

Examples:

one foot, two feet

a mouse, many mice



Possessive Forms

The possessive form of a nounindicates ownership or modifiesanother noun. The possessive form is

usually formed by adding' s to the

end of a noun.

Examples:

the player's equipment

the woman's job

Canada's government



Verbs

Verbs are words that are used to

express an action. Every sentence

must have a verb that shows what the

subject is doing or explains what isgoing on.

Examples:

The bear sl ee ps.Toronto i s a city.



Subject and Verb Ag reement

Each verb must agree with the subject in number . Check your sentences carefully to make sureyour verbs agree with your nouns.

Examples:I study

He / She/It studies

You study

They study

Incorrect: We studies at the university.

Correct: We study at the university.



Adjectives

Adjectives are words used to describe

or modify nouns. They give the

reader more information about a

noun. Use adjectives to make your writing more interesting.

Examples:

a good essayour hard-working leader



Some adjectives can be used for comparing different things.

Examples: Bombay is cold. Toronto is colder .

Delhi is coldest.

This book is good. That book is better . My

book is the best.



Adverbs

Adverbs are words used to describe actions. Theygive additional information about when, how, andwhere something is happening. Use adverbs tomake your writing more precise and interesting.

She spoke yesterday. (when)She spoke quickly. (how)She spoke here. (where)

Some adverbs are used to compare differentactions.

I can run fast. She can run faster . He can runthe fastest.I spoke well. She spoke better . He spoke the best.



Prepositions

� Prepositions are used before nouns

to give additional information in a

sentence. Usually, prepositions are

used to show where something islocated or when something

happened.



Frequently Confused Words

accept, except

advice, adviseall ready, already

buy, by

choose, chose

complement, compliment

emigrate, immigrate

it's, itsloose, lose

miner, minor

past, passed

principal, principle

stationary, stationery

than, thentheir, there, they're

threw, through

to, too, two

weather, whether

your, you're



accept, except

Accept means "to receive".

Example: Please accept my gift.

Except means "not including".

Example: I brought all the gifts except yours.

advice, advise

Advice is an "opinion about what should be

done".Example: She gives good advice.

Advise means "to recommend".

Example: Please advise me on what to do.



buy, by

Buy means "to purchase".

Example: Please buy me a ticket.

By means "beside".

Example: The book is by the table.

choose, chose

Choose means "to select".

Example: Today, I will choose a new house.

Chose is the past tense of choose. Example:

Yesterday, I chose a new house.



complement, compliment

Complement means "to make complete".Example: This hat will complement my newdress.

A compliment is something said in praise.Example: Thank you for the compliment aboutmy dress.

emigrate, immigrate

Emigrate means "to leave one country to settle inanother".

Example: I intend to emigrate from Hong Kong.Immigrate means "to come to live in a newcountry".

Example: I intend to immigrate to Canada.



it's

It's is the short form of "it is".

Example: It's in the dog house.

Its is a pronoun that shows ownership or possession.

Example: The dog has its own house.

loose, lose

Loose means "not tight".

Example: My pants are loose.Lose means "to be defeated or no longer have".

Example: I do not want to lose the game.



miner, minor

A miner is a person who works in a mine. Example:My uncle is a miner .

Minor is an adjective that means "unimportant".Example: This is a minor problem. A minor also refers to a person who is not yet anadult.

Example: It is illegal for a minor to drink alcohol.

past, passed

Past means "gone by" or "history".

Example: The car drove past my house.

My past is very interesting.

Passed is the past tense of pass.

Example: We passed the truck earlier.



principal, principle

A principal is the head of a school. Example:

The principal spoke to us today. A principle is an important fact or law.

Example: The principle of democracy is importantto Canadians.

stationary, stationery

Stationary means to be "standing still".

Example: Please remain stationary.Stationery means "writing materials".

Example: They went to the store to buysome stationery.



than, then

Than means "in comparison with".

Example: He is bigger than me.Then means "next".

Example: After going home, he then started hisassignment.

their, there, they're

Their is a form of "they" that shows ownership.Example: Their flowers are on the table.

There describes where something is.Example: The flowers are there on the table.

They're is a short form of "they are".Example: They're going to buy flowers.



threw, through

Threw is the past tense of throw.

Example: He threw the ball over the fence.Through means from "end to end".

Example: We drove through the tunnel.

to, too, twoTo means "in the direction of".

Example: He went to the store.

Too means "also".

Example: He went to the store, too.Two is a number.

Example: Two of my friends went to the store.



weather, whether

Weather means "conditions outdoors".

Example: The weather is terrible.

Whether is an expression of choice betweentwo options.

Example: I do not know whether I will stayhome or go to school.

your, you're

Your is a form of "you" that shows ownership.

Example: Your car is new. You're is a short form of "your are".

Example: You're going to the store.

sentences ppt

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