series 600 earthworks - site clearance & aggregates · series 600 earthworks contents clause...
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SERIES 600 EARTHWORKS
ContentsClause Title Page
#601 Classification,DefinitionsandUsesof EarthworksMaterials 2
602 GeneralRequirements 4
603 FormingofCuttingsandCuttingSlopes 5
604 ExcavationforFoundations 6
605 SpecialRequirementsforClass3Material 7
606 Watercourses 7
#607 ExplosivesandBlastingforExcavation 8
608 ConstructionofFills 9
609 GeotextilesUsedtoSeparateEarthworks Materials 10
610 FilltoStructures 11
611 FillAboveStructuralConcreteFoundations 12
612 CompactionofFills 12
613 Sub-formationandCapping 14
614 CementStabilisationtoFormCapping 16
615 LimeStabilisationtoFormCapping 17
616 PreparationandSurfaceTreatmentof Formation 18
617 UseofSub-formationorFormationby ConstructionPlant 19
618 (05/01)Topsoiling 19
619 EarthworkEnvironmentalBunds 20
620 LandscapeAreas 20
621 StrengthenedEmbankments 20
622 EarthworksforReinforcedSoiland AnchoredEarthStructures 20
623 EarthworksforCorrugatedSteelBuried Structures 21
624 GroundAnchorages 22
625 CribWalling 22
626 Gabions 23
627 SwallowHolesandOtherNaturally OccurringCavities 23
628 DisusedMineWorkings 23
629 InstrumentationandMonitoring 23
630 GroundImprovement 23
631 EarthworksMaterialsTests 24
#632 DeterminationofMoistureCondition Value(MCV)ofEarthworksMaterials 24
633 DeterminationofUndrainedShearStrength ofRemouldedCohesiveMaterial 25
634 (11/05)DeterminationofIntactLumpDry Density(IDD)ofChalk 25
635 (05/04)LosAngelesandOtherTestsfor ParticleSoundness 25
636 DeterminationofEffectiveAngleof InternalFriction(j/)andEffective Cohesion(c/)ofEarthworksMaterials 25
MANUAL OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS FOR HIGHWAY WORKS VOLUME 1 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY WORKS
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Clause Title Page637 DeterminationofResistivity(rs)toAssess CorrosivityofSoil,RockorEarthworks Materials 26
638 DeterminationofRedoxPotential(Eh)to AssessCorrosivityofEarthworks MaterialsforReinforcedSoiland AnchoredEarthStructures 27
639 DeterminationofCoefficientofFriction andAdhesionBetweenFillandReinforcing ElementsorAnchorElementsfor ReinforcedSoilandAnchoredEarth Structures 27
640 DeterminationofPermeabilityof EarthworksMaterials 28
641 DeterminationofAvailableLimeContent ofLimeforLimeStabilisedCapping 28
642 DeterminationoftheConstrainedSoil Modulus(M*)ofEarthworksMaterials forCorrugatedSteelBuriedStructures 28
643 (05/01)LimeandCementStabilisationto FormCapping 29
644 (11/03)DeterminationofSulfateContent 30
(05/04)Tables6/1to6/6 31
NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATIONS OF SCOTLAND, WALES AND NORTHERN IRELAND
Scotland
Clause Title Page601TS (11/06)Classification,DefinitionsandUses ofEarthworksMaterials S1
632TS (11/06)DeterminationofMoisture ConditionValue(MCV)ofEarthworks MaterialsinScotland S3
Northern Ireland601NI Classification,DefinitionsandUsesof EarthworksMaterials N1
607NI ExplosivesandBlastingforExcavation N3
# denotesaClauseorSampleAppendixwhichhasasubstituteNational ClauseorSampleAppendixforoneormoreoftheOverseeing OrganisationsofScotland,WalesorNorthernIreland.
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EARTHWORKS
#601 Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials
General Classification
1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:
(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;
(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;
(iii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and
(iv) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.
(11/04) Unacceptable Materials
2 (11/04)UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:
(i) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:
(a) (11/04)materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and
(b) (11/04)material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:
• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;
• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;
• materialsinafrozencondition;
• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;
• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;
(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:
(a) (11/05)contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct1990PartIIA)whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallhazardouswastes(asdefinedintheHazardousWaste(EnglandandWales)Regulations2005)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:
(i) (11/05)hazardouswaste(asdefinedintheHazardousWaste(EnglandandWales)Regulations2005)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
4 (11/04)WhererequiredinAppendix6/1,unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.
Definitions
5 Chalkshallmean:
(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonate
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andidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheBritishGeologicalSurvey;
(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.
6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclayandsiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.
7 Pulverised-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverisedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.
8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverised-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.
9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.
10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.
11 (05/01)Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.
12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.
Use of Fill Materials
13 (05/01)Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbenomorethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.
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14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or
(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.
(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).
(11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicitemsprotectedbyconcreteandancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.16 (05/01)UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.
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17 (05/01)Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.
18 (05/01)Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignment,makeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.
602 General Requirements
1 TheContractorshallemployonlyplantandworkingmethodswhicharesuitedtothematerialstobehandledandtraversed.HeshallberesponsibleformaintainingthenatureoftheacceptablematerialsothatwhenitisplacedandcompacteditremainsacceptableinaccordancewiththeContract.AcceptabilityshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithTable6/1andanyspecialrequirementsinAppendix6/1.
2 HaulageofmaterialtoembankmentsorotherareasoffillshallproceedonlywhensufficientspreadingandcompactionplantisoperatingattheplaceofdepositiontoensurecompliancewithClause612.
3 (11/04)Noexcavatedacceptablematerialorunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessed,otherthansurplustotherequirementsoftheContract,shallberemovedfromtheSiteunlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/1.MaterialwhichisunacceptableonlybyreasonofbeingfrozenshallberetainedonSitewheninthatcondition.WheretheContractorispermittedtoremoveacceptablematerial,orunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessed,fromtheSitetosuithisoperationalprocedure,thenheshallmakegoodanyconsequentdeficitofmaterialarisingtherefrom.EnvironmentalrequirementsforprocessingofClassU1Bmaterial,intermsoflimitingvaluesofcontaminantsorotherrequirements,shallbesetoutinAppendix6/1intheearthworksClassforwhichtheprocessedmaterialistobeused.
4 Ifanyacceptablematerialorunacceptablematerialrequiredtobeprocessedis,wherepermittedbyAppendix6/1,usedbytheContractorforpurposesotherthanforgeneralfill,sufficientacceptablefillmaterialtooccupy,afterfullcompaction,avolumecorrespondingtothatwhichtheexcavatedmaterialoccupiedshallbeprovidedbytheContractor.
5 (11/04)Acceptablematerial(otherthanClass5AoranyClass5BmaterialreplacingClass5Amaterialinaccordancewithsub-Clause3ofthisClause)surplustothetotalrequirementsofthePermanentWorksandall
unacceptablematerialClassU1Anotrequiredtobeprocessedshall,unlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/1,beruntospoilintipsprovidedbytheContractor.Inthecaseofunacceptablematerial,ClassU1BandClassU2,theContractorshallcomplywithanyspecificrequirementsfordisposaldescribedinAppendix6/2.
6 WheretheexcavationrevealsacombinationofacceptableandunacceptablematerialstheContractorshall,unlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/3,carryouttheexcavationinsuchamannerthattheacceptablematerialsareexcavatedseparatelyforuseinthePermanentWorkswithoutcontaminationbytheunacceptablematerials.UnlessotherwisedescribedintheContractClassesoffillmaterialrequiredtobedepositedseparatelyshallbeexcavatedseparatelywithoutcontaminationbyotherClassesofmaterial.
7 TheContractorshallmakehisownarrangementsforstockpilingofacceptablematerial,andunacceptablematerialtobeprocessed,andfortheprovisionofsitesforthepurpose.
8 TheContractorshallensurethathedoesnotadverselyaffectthestabilityofexcavationsorfillsbyhismethodsofstockpilingmaterials,useofplantorsitingoftemporarybuildingsorstructures.
9 (05/01)Existingtopsoilmaterialshall,exceptwhereitistobeleftinplaceinthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/8,bestrippedtodepthsasdescribedinAppendix6/8forClass5Amaterialfromallareasofcuttingandfromallareastobecoveredbyembankmentorbyotherareasoffill.WherestatedinAppendix6/8existingtopsoilshallbestrippedasturfinaccordancewithsub-Clause3005.13.
10 (05/01)Topsoilshallwhereverpracticablebeusedimmediatelyafteritsstrippingandifnotshallbestoredinstockpilesofheightsnotexceeding2morotherheightsstatedinAppendix6/8.UnlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/8,topsoilshallnotbestockpiledformorethantwoyears.Topsoilshallnotbeunnecessarilytraffickedeitherbeforestrippingorwheninastockpile.Stockpilesshallnotbesurchargedorotherwiseloadedandmultiplehandlingshallbekepttoaminimum.
11 AllClass5AtopsoilarisingfromtheSite,oranyClass5BmaterialreplacingClass5Amaterialinaccordancewithsub-Clause3ofthisClause,inexcessoftherequirementsfortopsoiling,shallbesubjecttotherequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/8.
12 Excavationsforfoundationsandtrenchesshallbeadequatelysupportedatalltimes,andexceptwhereotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,shallnotbebattered.WhereexcavationsarepermittedtobebatteredtheyshallbebenchedasdescribedinAppendix6/3
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priortobackfillingandcompaction.TheadditionalworkandmaterialsshallbeprovidedbytheContractor.SheetingandotherexcavationsupportsshallberemovedasfillingproceedsexceptwheretheyarerequiredinAppendix6/3tobeleftinposition.
13 Excavationsrequiringbackfillingshallremainopenonlyfortheminimumperiodnecessary.
14 Excavationsrequiringbackfillinginexistingpavedorothersurfaces,includingthosepavedareastobereconstructedorrepaired,shallbecarriedoutandreinstatedincompliancewithClause706.
15 TheContractorshallkeepearthworksfreeofwaterincluding:
(i) arrangingfortherapidremovalofwater:
(a) shedontotheearthworks;
(b) enteringtheearthworksfromanysource;
(ii) loweringandmaintainingbyappropriatemeasures,thewaterlevelinexcavations,sufficientlytoenablethePermanentWorkstobeconstructed.
16 Incarryingouttherequirementsofsub-Clause15ofthisClausetheContractorshall:
(i) formandmaintaincuttings,embankmentsandotherareasoffillwithappropriatefallsandgradientandsealedsurfaces;
(ii) providewherenecessarytemporarywatercourses,drains,pumpingandthelike;
(iii) dischargeaccumulatedwaterandgroundwaterintothepermanentoutfallsofthedrainagesystemwherepracticable;
(iv) provideadequatemeansfortrappingsiltontemporarysystemsdischargingintopermanentdrainagesystems.
17 TheContractorshallcarryoutandmaintainanygroundwaterloweringorothertreatmentrequiredinAppendix6/1.
18 (11/04)WherematerialsaredesignatedintheContractaseitherClassU1BorClassU2,theContractorshallcarryoutanyspecialrequirementsfortheirhandlingdescribedinAppendix6/2.WheresuchmaterialsareencounteredduringtheprogressoftheWorks,theContractorshallmakeallnecessaryarrangementsfortheirsafehandlinganddisposalafterconsultationwiththeappropriateenvironmentalauthority.
19 (05/04)SubjecttothesurfaceleveltolerancesgiveninClause613andsub-Clause616.1,materialshallnotbefrostsusceptibleifitisusedwithin450mmofthe
designedfinalsurfaceofaroadorpavedcentralreserve,or350mmiftheannualfrostindexofthesiteislessthan50.Materialshallbeclassifiedasnon-frost-susceptibleifthemeanheaveis15mmorless,whentestedinaccordancewithBS812:Part124:1989,orBS1924:Part2:1990forlimestabilisedcapping,amendedasgiveninsub-Clause801.7.
603 Forming of Cuttings and Cutting Slopes
1 CuttingsshallbeexcavatedtothelinesandlevelsdescribedinAppendix6/3.
2 CuttingslopesortoesofcuttingsshallonlybeundercutwhenrequiredintheContractfortrenchorotherexcavations.SuchexcavationsshallberestrictedinextentasdescribedinAppendix6/3andwheretheyrequirebackfillingshallremainopenonlyfortheminimumperiodnecessary,soastopreventrisktothePermanentWorks.
3 ExceptwhereotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,theexcavationofcuttingsmaybehaltedatanystageprovidingatleast300mmofmaterialasaweatherprotectionisleftinplaceabovetheformationorabovethesub-formation,subjecttotherequirementsofClauses613and616.
4 Wherepre-splitblastingisrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/3,itshallcomplywithClause607andanyotherrequirementsinAppendix6/3.FulldetailsofthemethodsandarrangementstobeadoptedshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationbeforecommencementofdrillingoperations.
5 Finalfacesofcuttingswhicharenottoreceivetopsoilshall:
(i) whereverpossiblebeleftwithoutscarsordamagefromconstructionplant;and
(ii) toachieveanaturalappearance,whenthestratumpermitsandwhenpre-splitblastingisnotadopted,havethefaceleftirregularwithintolerancesgiveninAppendix6/3;and
(iii) havebouldersorotherrockfragmentsthatcanbemovedbyhandwithouttools,removed;and
(iv) whererequiredinAppendix6/3havematerialthatcanbeblownawaybyairlinehose,havingpressuresnogreaterthanthosestatedtherein,soremoved;and
(v) haveadequateaccesstoenableinspectiontobecarriedouttodeterminetheextentofworkrequiredbythissub-Clause.
6 WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,facesofcuttingswhicharenotrequiredtoreceivetopsoilshallhaveone
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ormoreofthefollowingmeasurescarriedoutasappropriate:
(i) (11/03)Isolatedpatchesofsoft,fragmentedandinsecurematerialshalleachbeexcavatedtoadepthofatleast200mmunlessotherdepthsarestatedinAppendix6/3andreplacedassoonaspracticablewithST2concretetoClause2602wellrammedintothecleanedoutvoid.
(ii) Areasofcuttingfacerequiringtheirsurfacetobemadestableshallbetrimmedbackbyanominal50mmorotheramountrequiredinAppendix6/3andtheresultingsurfacetogetherwithanareaofanysurroundingintactmaterialasdetailedinAppendix6/3,shallhaveasuitablecementbasedgroutorsprayedconcrete,appliedbypressuretoformatotalnominalthicknessof40mmunlesstherequiredthicknessisstatedinAppendix6/3.WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,reinforcementshallbefixedtothesurfacebeforeapplicationoftheconcreteorgrout.WeepholesusingpermanentformersshallbeconstructedtotherequirementsofAppendix6/3andatthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/3.
(iii) (11/03)Softorinsecurematerial,interlayeredwithrockshallbeexcavatedtothedepthbehindthefacedescribedinAppendix6/3.TheresultingcavityshallbefilledwithST2concretetoClause2602orwithmasonryinfillcomplyingwiththeSeries2400andprovidedwithweepholesallinaccordancewithrequirementsinAppendix6/3.
(iv) NettingorothersheetcoveringasdescribedinAppendix6/3orrockboltsasdescribedinAppendix6/10.
7 (05/01)WhererequiredinAppendix6/3,facesofcuttingswhicharetoreceivetopsoilshallhaveoneormoreofthefollowingmeasurescarriedoutasappropriate:
(i) BebenchedtoretaintopsoilasdescribedinAppendix6/3.
(ii) Beharrowedtoadepthof50mm.Suchharrowingshallbecarriedoutimmediatelypriortotopsoiling,diagonally,atananglebetween5ºto45ºtothelineofthetoe,measuredontheplaneoftheslope.
(iii) Isolatedpatchesofsoft,fragmentedorinsecurematerialshallbeexcavatedandeither:
(a) filledbywellramminginaClassoffillwithsimilarcharacteristicsasthesurroundingintactmaterial;or
(b) excavatedanddealtwithasdescribedinsub-Clause6(i)ofthisClause.
(iv) OtherareasrequiredtobemadestableshallbedealtwithasstatedinAppendix6/3.
8 Theconcrete,referredtoinsub-Clauses6(i)and6(iii)ofthisClause,permanentlyexposedonthefaceofthecuttingshallhavesurfacefeaturesasnearlyaspossiblematchingthoseoftheadjacentintactface.Suchconcreteandthegroutreferredtoinsub-Clause6(ii)ofthisClauseshallhaveaconsistentcolourasnearlyaspossiblematchingthatoftheadjacentintactface.
604 Excavation for Foundations
1 (11/09)ThebottomofallfoundationexcavationsshallbeformedtothelinesandlevelsshownontheDrawings.PocketsofsoftsoilorlooserockshallberemovedandtheresultingvoidsandanynaturalvoidsshallbefilledwithST1concretetoClause2602(orothermaterialasrequiredbyAppendix6/3)exceptinexcavationsforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructureswhenClass6KlowerbeddingfillmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1shallbeused.
AfterplacingofanyblindingconcreteshownontheDrawings,notrimmingofthesidefacesoftheexcavationshallbecarriedoutfor24hours.
2 TheContractorshallmakegood:
(i) (11/09)anylateraloverbreakoftheexcavationabovethebottomofthefoundationgreaterthanthenetvolumerequiredforthePermanentWorkswithmaterialofthesameClassasusedforfillabovestructuralconcretefoundationstocomplywithClause611(exceptthatforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeused)or,wheretheexcavationistoonarrowtoallowthecompactionofearthworksmaterials,withST1concretetoClause2602;
(ii) (11/09)anyadditionalexcavationatorbelowthebottomoffoundations,includingthatresultingfromremovalofmaterialwhichtheContractorhasallowedtodeteriorate,withST1concretetoClause2602(orothermaterialrequiredbyAppendix6/3)exceptthatundercorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeused.
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3 Class6KlowerbeddingmaterialreferredtointhisClauseshallbedepositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/1.
605 Special Requirements for Class 3 Material
1 WhenAppendix6/1designatesamaterialasClass3tobeusedortoremainintactinthePermanentWorksthefollowingshallapply:
(i) NoearthworksinvolvingClass3materialortraffickingofareaswhichconsistofClass3material,unlesstheyareprotected,shallbecarriedoutduringtheperiodsdescribedinAppendix6/4.
(ii) ExcavationofClass3materialshallbebymeansofafaceshovel,whichshallexcavate,swingandunloadwithoutmovingthechassisorundercarriageduringoneoperatingcycle,orbymeansofasimilarshovel-loadingmachine,soastoreducethedegradationofthematerialtoaminimum.
(iii) WhenexcavatingClass3materialtheContractorshallarrangehismethodofworkingsoastomaintainaworkingfaceofminimumheight3morotherheightrequiredinAppendix6/4withinClass3materialexceptthatwherethedepthofthecuttingislessthan3mthefullheightofClass3materialshallformtheworkingfaceexcludinganyprotectionrequiredtotheformationorsub-formation.
(iv) MaterialotherthanchalkcontainedwithinthevolumedesignatedasClass3materialintheContractshallbeexcavatedanddepositedseparatelyfromchalkandnotbemixedwithit.
(v) TraffickingofareasofClass3materialshallnotbepermittedbyvehicleshavingacapacitywhenstruckofmorethan15m3unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/4.
(vi) Class3materialshallnotbestockpiledorbesubjectedtomultiplehandling.
(vii) Class3materialshallnot,unlessrequiredinAppendix6/4,belayeredwithotherfillmaterialintheconstructionofembankmentsandotherareasoffill.
(viii) WhenrequiredinAppendix6/4embankmentsandotherareasoffillconstructedofClass3materialshalleither:
(a) uponreachingalevel600mmbelow
sub-formationor,wherethereisnocapping,alevel600mmbelowformation,beleftforaminimumof4weeksorotherperiodstatedinAppendix6/4,beforecontinuingfillingwhichshall,inallcases,becontinuedincompliancewithsub-Clause608.9;or
(b) becontinuedabovesub-formationorformationwithaprotectivelayerinaccordancewithsub-Clause608.9(ii)butwhichshallbeofClass3material.Suchmaterialshallthenbeleftforaminimumof4weeksorotherperiodstatedinAppendix6/4beforeremovaloftheprotectivelayerandshallbeimmediatelycontinuedwiththepreparationofsub-formationorformation,asappropriate,inaccordancewithClauses613and616.
(ix) Wheretemporaryinstabilityoccursinchalkduringdepositionorcompactionduetoexcessiveworkingbyplantortoinclementweather,theContractorshalldelaythefurtherdepositionofClass3materialuntilthechalkhasrecoveredsufficientstrengthforworktoproceed.AdetailedrecordoftheareasofinstabilityshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisation.
(x) Attheendofeachworkingdayoffilling,exposedClass3materiallaidthatdayshall,unlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/4berolledwithtwopassesofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollexceeding2100kg.
(xi) TheotherspecialrequirementsforClass3materialdescribedinsub-Clauses613.11(i),613.12(i),616.1(ii)and616.3shallalsoapply,togetherwithanyotherspecialrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/1orAppendix6/4.
606 Watercourses
1 Theclearanceandmodificationofexisting,ortheconstructionofnewwatercourses,includingditches,streams,rivers,lagoonsandponds,shallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/3includinganyprotection,lining,revetmentorotherworksandshallcomplywithsub-Clauses2to4ofthisClause.
2 Clearanceofexistingwatercoursesshallincludetheremovalofvegetation,vegetablematterandallotherdepositswithinthewatercourseprofile.Materialsresultingfromthisclearanceshallbedealtwithasunacceptablematerial.
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3 Newwatercoursesandclearedexistingwatercoursesshallbemaintainedinaclearcondition.
4 Redundantwatercoursesshall,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,bedrainedandclearedinaccordancewithsub-Clause2ofthisClauseandmaterialoutsidethewatercourseprofileexcavatedanddealtwithasunacceptablematerial.TheexcavationsshallbetothedimensionsstatedintheContractandthewholefilledwithgeneralorselectedfillsoftheClassdescribedinAppendix6/3complyingwithTable6/1depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClause608and612.Wherethesurfaceistoremainexposeditshallbetopsoiledandseeded,orreceiveothertreatment,allasdescribedinAppendix6/3.
#607 Explosives and Blasting for Excavation
1 BlastingforexcavationshallnotbeemployedunlesspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/3andsuchblastingshallbeconfinedtothelocationsandtowithinthetimelimitsstatedtherein.
2 TheContractorshall:
(i) notcarryoutplastershooting;
(ii) foreachlocationwhereblastingistobeundertaken,givewrittennoticetotheOverseeingOrganisationoftheprogrammeofblasting,includingtrialexplosions,atleast10daysbeforeitcommencesandgivewrittennoticeofeachblastingeventasdescribedin(v)below,atleast12hoursbeforehand;
(iii) carryouttrialexplosionsstartingwithreducedquantitiesofexplosiveinordertodeterminethesizeoftheactualexplosivechargesandtheirdisposition,foruseinthemainblastingoperations,soasnottoexceedthevaluesforvibrationalamplitudeandvibrationalpeakparticlevelocitystatedin(vi)belowatthepositionsdescribedtherein;
(iv) determinedangerzoneslikelytobecreatedbytheblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions,withinwhichblastedmaterialmaybeprojectedandutilisesuitablearrangementsincludingTemporaryWorks,toretainsuchprojectilesandensurethatnoinjuryordamageiscausedtopersonsorpropertythereby;
(v) limitblastingtoasmallnumberofeventsduringpermittedhoursperday,whereaneventshallcompriseasingleexplosionoragroupofexplosionseachseparatedbyashorttimeinterval,thegrouplastinglessthanaminute;
(vi) ensurethat:
(a) structuresandearthworks,existingorunderconstruction,onandofftheSite,donotexperience,duringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions,avibrationalamplitudeexceeding0.2mmandaresultantpeakparticlevelocityexceeding50mmpersecond,orotherlimitsstatedinAppendix6/3,atthesametimeorindividually;and
(b) peakoverpressures,ofmagnitudesuchastoendangerwindowsandglazedareasofstructures,donotoccur.
(vii) whereinstrumentationandmonitoringisappropriate:
(a) rigidlyfixtostructuresandinsertinearthworksdescribedin(vi)(a)above,suitableinstrumentstomeasurethevibrationalamplitudeandresultantvibrationalpeakparticlevelocity,andpeakoverpressures,experiencedduringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions;
(b) makeavailabledetailsoftheproposedinstrumentationwithintheSite;
(c) unlessotherwisestipulatedinAppendix6/3,makehisownarrangementsforinstallinginstrumentsonpropertyofftheSiteincludingnegotiatingwithlandownersandotherinterestedparties;
(d) readsuchinstrumentsandtakemeasurementsthroughouttheperiodofblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions;
(e) forinstrumentsonstructuresorearthworksontheSiteand,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,onpropertyofftheSite,makeavailabletheresultstotheOverseeingOrganisationattheendofeachday’sblasting.
(viii) takemeasurementsofvibrationalamplitudeandpeakparticlevelocityineachofthreemutuallyperpendicularplanesanddeterminethepeakvalue,takenasthemaximumresultantcalculatedbyvectorsummationofthethreecomponentsofamplitudeandvelocityrespectively,measuredasinstantaneouslyastheresolutionoftherecordinginstrumentpermits;
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(ix) ensurethatnoisefromblastingoperationsiscontrolledinaccordancewithClause109;
(x) useexplosivesinthequantitiesandinthemannerrecommendedbythemanufacturer;
(xi) storeexplosivesinregisteredpremisesinalicensedstoreormagazineprovidedwithaseparatecompartmentfordetonatorsorusethemunderanImmediateUseCertificateissuedbythepolice;
(xii) onlypermitexplosivestobeusedorhandledbyorundertheimmediatecontrolofacompetentpersoninaccordancewiththeConstruction(GeneralProvisions)Regulations1961(Regulation19)andsubsequentamendingRegulations;
(xiii) ensurethereisnounauthorisedissueorimproperuseofexplosivesbroughtontheSiteandmaintainastrictcheckonquantitiesissuedandconsumed;
(xiv) complywiththerequirementsofBS6657inrespectoftheuseofelectricaldetonatorsinthevicinityofstaticandmobileradiotransmitters,includingnormalradioandtelevisionbroadcastingstationsandradarunitsassociatedwithaircraftmovements,electricitygeneratingplantandtransmissionlines.
608 Construction of Fills
1 Allfills,includingembankments,shallbeconstructed:
(i) inthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/3tothelinesandlevelsstatedtherein;
(ii) ofClassesofmaterialsrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/1,complyingwithTable6/1with,unlessotherwisedescribedintheContract,onlyClass6Amaterialdepositedintoopenwater;
(iii) bydepositing,assoonaspracticableafterexcavation,inlayerstomeetthecompactionrequirementsofClause612asrequiredforeachClassofmaterialinTable6/1,exceptthat:
(a) materialrequiringendproductcompactionshallbedepositedinlayersnotexceeding250mmuncompactedthickness;
(b) materialplacedintoopenwatershallbedepositedbyendtippingwithoutcompaction;
(c) materialdepositedinareastoreceivedynamiccompactioncomplyingwithClause630shallbedepositedandcompactedtotherequirementstherein.
(iv) totherequirementsofthisClauseandanyotherrequirementsforfillinthisSeries.
2 StarterlayersofClasses6B,6Cor6DmaterialsasdescribedinAppendix6/3shallbedepositedasthefirstlayerorlayersoffillaboveexistinggroundlevelor,ifappropriate,aboveanygroundimprovementrequiredbyAppendix6/13.StarterlayersbelowClass2Epulverised-fuelashgeneralfillshallbeClass6Dmaterial.Plantmovementacrossstarterlayermaterialshallberestrictedtothatplantwhichisnecessaryforitsdeposition,spreadingandcompactionincompliancewiththisClauseandClause612andanyplantrequiredtocarryoutanygroundimprovementbeneathitifrequiredbyClause630.TheContractorshalltakeallreasonablemeasurestopreventdamagetotheunderlyingstrata,whichmayincludeuseoflighterspreadingplantorareductionofthenumberofpassesofcompactionplant.
3 CoarsegranularmaterialClasses1Cand6Bshall,beforecompaction,bespreadinlayersbyacrawlertractorofnotlessthan15tonnestotalmass.Aftercompactioneachlayershall,ifvoidsremain,beblindedwithanapprovedClassofgranularmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1sothatallsurfacevoidsarefilledbeforethenextlayerandbeforeanycappingorsub-baseisconstructed.
4 Embankmentsandotherareasoffillshall,unlessotherwiserequiredintheContract,beconstructedevenlyovertheirfullwidthandtheirfullestpossibleextentandtheContractorshallcontrolanddirectconstructionalplantandothervehiculartrafficuniformlyoverthem.DamagebyconstructionalplantandothervehiculartrafficshallbemadegoodbytheContractorwithmaterialhavingthesamecharacteristicsandstrengthasthematerialhadbeforeitwasdamaged.
5 Embankmentsandotherareasofunsupportedfillsshallnotbeconstructedwithsteepersideslopes,ortogreaterwidthsthanthosedescribedinAppendix6/3,excepttopermitadequatecompactionattheedgesbeforetrimmingback,ortoobtainthefinalprofilefollowinganysettlementofthefillandtheunderlyingmaterial.HoweveranyoversteepeningorincreaseinwidthshallnotexceedanylimitsdescribedinAppendix6/3andshallremainonlyfortheminimumperiodsnecessaryconsistentwiththesafetyofthePermanentWorks.
6 Stagedconstructionoffillsandanycontrolledratesoffilling,shallbecarriedout,inaccordancewithanyrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/3including
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installationofinstrumentationanditsmonitoring,incompliancewithClause629.
7 WhererequiredinAppendix6/3theContractorshallsurchargeembankmentsorotherareasoffill,asdescribedthereinfortheperiodsstated.Ifsettlementofsurchargedfillresultsinanysurchargingmaterial,whichisunacceptableforuseinthefillbeingsurcharged,lyingbelowtheformationor,wherethereisacapping,thesub-formation,theContractorshallremovethisunacceptablematerialanddisposeofitinaccordancewithClause602.Heshallthenbringtheresultantleveluptoformationorsub-formation,asappropriate,withacceptablematerial.
8 WherepipesinembankmentsorinotherareasoffillarepermittedinAppendix5/1tobeconstructedotherthaninatrench,thefillshallbebroughtuptoandoverthemequallyonbothsides.Thefillshallbedepositedinevenlayersandshallnotbeheapedabovethepipe.Spreadingandcompactionshallbecarriedoutevenlywithoutdislodging,distortingordamagingthepipe.Powerrammersarenottobeusedwithin300mmofanypartofthepipeorjoint.
9 Thelast600mmdepthoffilluptosub-formationlevel,orformationlevelasappropriate,shall,unlessotherwiserequiredintheContract,becarriedoutforthefullwidthofembankments,orbetweentheouterextremitiesofthevergesinotherareasoffill,inacontinuousoperation.TheContractorshallthencontinuewithoutdelaytocarryouteither(i)or(ii)below:
(i) formthesub-formationorformation,allinaccordancewithClauses613and616,followingimmediatelyeitherby:
(a) theconstructionofthefullthicknessofcappingorsub-baseasappropriate;or
(b) ifpermittedinAppendix6/3,theconstructionofalesserthicknessofcappingorsub-baseasdescribedthereinlaidasaweatherprotectionlayer;
(ii) placeanadditional300mmminimumcompactedthicknessofmaterialabovesub-formationlevelorformationlevelasappropriateforthefullwidthofthefillingtoformaweatherprotection.Thisweatherprotectionshallbecomposedofthesamematerialasthesub-formationorformationandcompactedincompliancewithTable6/1.ThematerialshallbeprovidedfromtheContractor’sownresourcesandtheprotectionlayershallbeconstructedinacontinuousoperation.Forstabilisedcapping,theprotectivelayershallconsistofunstabilisedmaterial.
10 Duringconstructionofembankmentsandotherfills,exposedsidesofClasses2Eand7Bpulverised-fuelashmaterialshallbeprotectedagainstscouranderosionfromanysource.
11 (05/01)CompletedslopesofClasses2Eand7BfillmaterialshallbecoveredimmediatelybyClass5topsoilasrequiredinAppendix6/8orturforothermaterial,asrequiredinAppendix30/5.
12 Wheneverfillistobedepositedagainstthefaceofanaturalslope,orslopingearthworksfaceincludingembankments,cuttings,otherfillsandexcavations,suchfacesshallbebenchedorotherwiseshapedasrequiredinAppendix6/3immediatelybeforeplacingthesubsequentfill.
13 AllpermanentfacesofsideslopesofembankmentsandotherareasoffillformedinClasses2or7cohesivematerialsotherthanpulverised-fuelash,shall,subsequenttoanytrimmingoperations,bere-workedandsealedbytrackingatrackedvehicle,suitableforthepurpose,ontheslope,orbyothersuitablemethods.
609 Geotextiles Used to Separate Earthworks Materials
1 GeotextilesrequiredaspartofthePermanentWorkstoseparateearthworksmaterialsatlocationsdescribedinAppendix6/5shallbemanufacturedfromsyntheticorotherfibresasrequiredthereinandbeintheformofthinpermeablemembranes.
2 TheContractorshallprovideevidencetotheOverseeingOrganisation,beforethegeotextileisincorporatedinthePermanentWorks,thatthegeotextilewillbesufficientlydurable,wheninstalledincontactwiththematerialstobeseparated,tomaintainitsintegrityforatleastthelifeperiodrequiredinAppendix6/5.
3 Geotextilesshallbeprotectedatalltimesagainstmechanicalorchemicaldamage.ThosesusceptibletodamagebylightshallnotbeuncoveredbetweenmanufactureandincorporationinthePermanentWorks.Temporaryexposureshallnotexceed5hours.
4 ThemethodofselectionandtherequirednumberofsamplesareasdescribedinAppendix6/5.SamplesshallbetakenfromtheconsignmentofgeotextiletobeusedinthePermanentWorks.Samplesandtestpiecescutfromthemshallcomplywithsub-Clause7ofthisClauseandtestpiecesshallbetestedatalaboratorytoprovethatthegeotextilemeetsthefollowingcriteriaorothercriteriadescribedinAppendix6/5:
(i) ThegeotextileshallsustainatensileloadofnotlessthanthatvaluegiveninAppendix6/5,determinedina‘widestrip’
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tensiletestcarriedoutinaccordancewithBS6906:Part1.Thecharacteristicstrengthshallbetakenasthevalueofthestrengthofthematerialbelowwhichnotmorethan5%ofthetestresultsmaybeexpectedtofall.Thisrepresentsthestrengthat1.64standarddeviationsbelowthemeanstrength.
(ii) Thegeotextileshallallowwatertoflowthroughit,atrightanglestoitsprincipalplane,ineitherdirection,atarateofnotlessthan10litres/m2/sunderaconstantheadofwaterof100mm,determinedinaccordancewithBS6906:Part3.Theflowratedeterminedinthetestshallbecorrectedtothatapplicabletoatemperatureof15°Cusingpublisheddataonvariationinviscosityofwaterwithtemperature.
(iii) Thegeotextileshallhaveasizedistributionofporeopeningssuchthatthemean090,isbetween100micronsand300microns,determinedinaccordancewithBS6906:Part2.
5 ThegeotextileshallbelaidandlappedasdescribedinthisClauseorasdescribedinAppendix6/5andwherelappingisemployedadjacentsheetsorstripsofgeotextileshallbeoverlappedbyatleast300mm,orotherdimensiondescribedinAppendix6/5.
6 Thelayerofmaterialonwhichthegeotextileistobeplacedshallnothaveprotrusionsorsharpprojectionswhicharelikelytodamagethegeotextileduringinstallationorinservice.Themethodofinstallationshallensurethatthegeotextileisincontinuouscontactwiththesurfaceonwhichitistobeplacedandthegeotextileshallnotbestretchedorbridgedoverhollowsorhumps.Operationofconstructionplantdirectlyontheinstalledgeotextilewillnotbepermittedanditscoveringwithfillmaterialshalltakeplaceimmediatelyafteritslaying.
7 Allsamplesandtestpiecescutfromthemshallbemaintainedinacleananddrycondition,exceptfornormalcontaminationandwettingduringtesting,andshallberetainedbytheContractorinaccordancewithAppendix6/5.Priortodeterminationofporesizeandtensilestrength,testpiecesshallbeconditionedandbroughtintoequilibriumatatemperatureof20°±2°C,andarelativehumidityof65±5%.Thedryweightofthegeotextiletestedshallbequoteding/m².
8 ThenumberoftestsonsamplesshallbeasrequiredinAppendix6/5.
610 Fill to Structures
1 ThisClauseshallapplytofilltostructuresotherthan:
(i) fillforreinforcedearthstructures,includingassociateddrainagelayers;
(ii) fillforanchoredearthstructuresincludingassociateddrainagelayers;
(iii) fillforsurroundandbeddingofcorrugatedsteelburiedstructures;
(iv) fillabovestructuralconcretefoundationsunlessotherwiserequiredinAppendix6/6.
2 Materials,asrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/6ofClasses6N,6P,7Aor7BandcomplyingwithTable6/1shallbeusedasfilltostructures,inthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/6.
3 TheContractorshallcompact,incompliancewithClause612,end-productcompaction,Class6N,6P,7Aand7BmaterialtosatisfythecompactionrequirementsforthoseClassesaslistedinTable6/1,butsubjecttotherestrictionsinsub-Clauses4and5ofthisClause.
4 Wherefilltostructuresisrequiredtothesamelevelonmorethanonesideofastructuralelementorburiedstructure(exceptwhereClause623applies)itshallbemaintainedatheightsnotdifferingbymorethan250mmaftercompactiononopposingsidesofthestructuralelementasfillingproceeds.
5 TheContractorshallrestrictcompactionplantusedonfilltostructures,within2mofastructure,tothefollowingitemsasdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:
(i) vibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofroll,asdeterminedbysub-Clause612.10,notexceeding1,300kgwithatotalmassnotexceeding1,000kg;
(ii) vibratingplatecompactorhavingamassnotexceeding1,000kg;
(iii) vibro-tamperhavingamassnotexceeding75kg.
Thecompactedlevelofthefillwithinthiszoneshallnotdifferduringconstructionfromthecompactedleveloftheremainderoftheadjoiningfilltostructuresbymorethan250mm.
6 WhererequiredinAppendix6/6,Class6N,6Pand7Bmaterialshallbeshown,bymeansofatrialutilisingnotlessthan20m3ofthematerial,depositedandcompactedinaccordancewiththisClause,tobestable,whenitistrimmedtoaslopeof1verticalto1½horizontal,orotherslopedescribedinAppendix6/6.
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611 Fill Above Structural Concrete Foundations
1 Filldepositedabovestructuralconcretefoundationsshallbe,asshownontheDrawings:
(i) Class6N,6P,7Aor7BselectedfillmaterialcomplyingwithClause610includingcompactionrequirements;
(ii) Class6Mselectedfillmaterial,depositedandcompactedinaccordancewithClause623,abovethefoundationofarchprofilecorrugatedsteelburiedstructures;
(iii) anotherclassofselectedfillorgeneralfillcomplyingwithTable6/1depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andinadditionbesubjecttosub-Clauses610.4and5.
612 Compaction of Fills
General
1 Exceptfordynamiccompaction,whichshallcomplywithClause630,andunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,theContractorshallcarryoutcompactionincompliancewiththisClause,assoonaspracticableafterdeposition,onallthoseClassesoffillinTable6/1whichrequiretobecompacted.
2 Compactionshallbeeithermethodorend-productasrequiredfortheClassoffillinTable6/1,usingplantappropriatetotheClassoffillandthesiteconditions.
3 TheContractorshallobtainpermissionfromtheOverseeingOrganisationbeforecarryingoutcompactionoutsidenormalworkinghours.
Method Compaction
4 Wheremethodcompactionisrequiredtobeadopteditshallcomplywithsub-Clauses5to10ofthisClause.
5 Exceptasstatedinsub-Clause6ofthisClause,methodcompactionshallbeundertakenusingtheplantandmethodsinTable6/4appropriatetothecompactionrequirementsaslistedinTable6/1fortheClassofmaterialbeingcompacted.
6 PlantandmethodsnotincludedinTable6/4shallonlybeusedprovidingtheContractordemonstratesatsitetrialsthatastateofcompactionisachievedbythealternativemethodequivalenttothatobtainedusingthespecifiedmethod.
7 Earthmovingplantshallnotbeacceptedascompactionequipmentnorshalltheuseofalighter
categoryofplanttoprovideanypreliminarycompactiontoassisttheuseofheavierplantbetakenintoaccountwhenassessingtheamountofcompactionrequiredforanylayer.
8 IfmorethanoneClassofmaterialisbeingusedinsuchawaythatitisnotpracticabletodefinetheareasinwhicheachClassoccurs,theContractorshallcompactwithplantoperatingasifonlythematerialwhichrequiresthegreatercompactiveeffortisbeingcompacted.
9 TheContractororOverseeingOrganisationmaycarryoutfielddrydensitytestsasdescribedinsub-Clause15ofthisClauseonmaterialcompactedtomethodrequirementsatafrequencydefinedinAppendix6/3.Iftheresultsoffieldtestsshowdensitieswhichindicatethestateofcompactiontobeinadequate,thenifthisisduetofailureoftheContractortocomplywiththerequirementsoftheContract,theContractorshallcarryoutsuchfurtherworkasisrequiredtocomplywiththeContract.
10 ForthepurposesofTable6/4thefollowingshallapply:
(i) TheminimumnumberofpassesNistheminimumnumberoftimesthateachpointonthesurfaceofthelayerbeingcompactedshallbetraversedbytheitemofcompactionplantinitsoperatingmode,orstruckbypowerrammersorfallingweightcompactors.Disthemaximumdepthofthecompactedlayer.
(ii) IncolumnheadedN#thenumberofpassesshownistobedoubledformaterialClasses1A,1B,2A,2B,2Cand2Dwhensuchmaterialsoccurwithin600mmofsub-formation(ifcappingisrequired)orformation.Suchextracompactionshall,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/3,eitherbecarriedoutforthefullwidthoftheembankmentor,inotherareasoffillwhicharetoreceiveapavement,betweentheouterextremitiesoftheverges.
(iii) ThecompactionplantinTable6/4iscategorisedintermsofstaticmass.Themasspermetrewidthofrollisthetotalmassontherolldividedbythetotalrollwidth.Whereasmoothwheeledrollerhasmorethanoneaxlethecategoryofthemachineshallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheaxlegivingthehighestvalueofmasspermetrewidth.
(iv) Agridrollerisamachinewithacompactingrollorrollsconstructedofheavysteelmeshofsquarepattern.
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(v) Adeadweighttampingrollerisamachinewitharollorrollsfromwhich‘feet’projectandwheretheprojectedendareaofeach‘foot’exceeds0.01m²andthesumoftheareasofthefeetexceeds15%oftheareaofthecylindersweptbytheendsofthefeet.Therequirementsfortampingrollersapplytomachinesthathave2rollsintandem.Ifonlyonetampingrolltraverseseachpointonthesurfaceofthelayeronanyonepassofthemachine,theminimumnumberofpassesshallbetwicethenumbergiveninTable6/4plusanyfurtherdoublingrequiredtosatisfy(ii)above.
(vi) Forpneumatic-tyredrollersthemassperwheelisthetotalmassoftherollerdividedbythenumberofwheels.Inassessingthenumberofpassesofpneumatic-tyredrollerstheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltrackstogetherwiththesumofthespacingsbetweenthewheeltracksprovidedthateachspacingdoesnotexceed230mm.Wherethespacingsexceed230mmtheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltracksonly.
(vii) Avibratorytampingroller,whichmaybeself-propelledortowed,isamachinehavingameansofapplyingmechanicalvibrationtooneormorerolls.Therollorrollshaveprojectingfeetwheretheheightofeachfootexceeds10%oftheradiusoftherolldrum,theprojectedendareaofeachfootexceeds0.1%oftherolldrumsurfacearea,andthesumoftheareasofthefeetexceeds10%oftheareaofthecylindersweptbytheendsofthefeet.
Therequirementsfortheoperationofvibratorytampingrollersshallbethesameasthosestatedforvibratoryrollersinsub-Clause(viii)exceptthatvibratorytampingrollersoperatingwithoutvibrationwillbeclassifiedasdeadweighttampingrollers.
(viii) Vibratoryrollersareself-propelledortowedsmooth-wheeledrollershavingmeansofapplyingmechanicalvibrationtooneormorerollsexceptthatvibratoryrollersemployedforMethod5compactionshallbesinglerolltypes.
Vibratoryrollersoperatingwithoutvibrationwillbeclassifiedassmooth-wheeledrollers.
Therequirementsforvibratoryrollersarebasedontheuseofthelowestgearonaself-propelledmachinewithmechanical
transmissionandaspeedof1.5to2.5km/hforatowedmachine,oraself-propelledmachinewithhydrostatictransmission.Ifhighergearsorspeedsareusedanincreasednumberofpassesshallbeprovidedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.
Wherethemechanicalvibrationisappliedtotworollsintandem,theminimumnumberofpassesshallbehalfthenumbergiveninTable6/4fortheappropriatemasspermetrewidthofonevibratingrollbutifonerolldiffersinmasspermetrewidthfromtheotherthenumberofpassesshallbecalculatedasfortherollwiththesmallestvalue.Alternativelytheminimumnumberofpassesmaybedeterminedbytreatingthemachineashavingasinglevibratingrollwithamasspermetrewidthequaltothatoftherollwiththehighervalue.
Vibratoryrollersshallbeoperatedwiththeirvibratorymechanismoperatingonlyatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturers.Wheremorethanoneamplitudesettingisavailableand/orarangeoffrequenciesisrecommended,themachineshallbeoperatedatthemaximumamplitudesettingandatthemaximumrecommendedfrequencyforthatsetting.
Vibratoryrollersshallbeequippedorprovidedwithdevicesindicatingthefrequencyatwhichthemechanismisoperatingandthespeedoftravel.Bothdevicesshallbecapableofbeingreadbyaninspectoralongsidethemachine.
(ix) Vibrating-platecompactorsaremachineshavingabase-platetowhichisattachedasourceofvibrationconsistingofoneortwoeccentricallyweightedshaftsand:
(a) themasspersquaremetreofthebase-plateofavibrating-platecompactoriscalculatedbydividingthetotalmassofthemachineinitsworkingconditionbyitsareaincontactwithcompactedmaterial;
(b) vibrating-platecompactorsshallbeoperatedatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturers.Theyshallnormallybeoperatedattravellingspeedsoflessthan1km/hbutifhigherspeedsarenecessarythenumberofpassesshallbeincreasedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.
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(x) Vibro-tampersaremachinesinwhichanengine-drivenreciprocatingmechanismactsonaspringsystemthroughwhichoscillationsaresetupinabase-plate.
(xi) Powerrammersaremachineswhichareactuatedbyexplosionsinaninternalcombustioncylinder,eachexplosionbeingcontrolledmanuallybytheoperator.
(xii) Droppingweightcompactorsaremachinesinwhichadeadweightisdroppedfromacontrolledheightusingahoistmechanismandtheyincludeself-propelledmachineswithmechanicaltraversingmechanismscapableofcompactingsoilintrenchesandclosetostructures.
(xiii) Inthecaseofpowerrammersanddropping-weightcompactorsonepasswillbeconsideredasmadewhenthecompactingshoehasmadeonestrikeontheareainquestion.
(xiv) Foritemsmarked*intheMethod3columnofTable6/4therollershallbetowedbytrack-layingtractors.Self-propelledrollersareunsuitable.
(xv) Wherecombinationsofdifferenttypesorcategoriesofplantareused,thefollowingshallapply:
(a) thedepthoflayershallbethatforthetypeofplantrequiringtheleastdepthoflayer;and
(b) thenumberofpassesshallbethatforthetypeofplantrequiringthegreatestnumberofpasses.
End-product Compaction
11 Whereend-productcompactionisrequireditshallcomplywithsub-Clauses12to15ofthisClause.
12 (05/01)TheContractorshallatleast7daysbeforecommencementofend-productcompactionmakeavailablethefollowingtotheOverseeingOrganisation:
(i) thevaluesofmaximumdrydensityandtheoptimummoisturecontentobtainedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4usingthe2.5kgrammermethodorvibratinghammermethodasappropriateforeachofthefillsheintendstousewhichmeettherequirementsofthepermittedClassorClasses(wherewithinanyClassofmaterialthefillcontainsmaterialhavingdifferentmaximumdrydensitiesandoptimummoisturecontentstheClassshallbefurthersub-divided,by
extendingtheidentificationsystem,inordertomonitorthecompacteddensity);
(ii) agraphofdensityplottedagainstmoisturecontentfromwhicheachofthevaluesin(i)aboveofmaximumdrydensityandoptimummoisturecontentweredeterminedand,forClass7Amaterial,aplotofthe5%airvoidscurveforeachsub-division.
13 Oncetheinformationcontainedinsub-Clause12ofthisClausehasbeenmadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationitshallformthebasisforcompaction.
14 Fillcompactedtoend-productrequirementsshallhaveafielddrydensity,measuredinaccordancewithsub-Clause15ofthisClause,equaltoorgreaterthanthepercentagegiveninTable6/1ofthemaximumdrydensityfortherelevantClassoffillpreviouslymadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationinaccordancewithsub-Clause12ofthisClause.
15 Thefielddrydensityreferredtoinsub-Clause14ofthisClauseshallbemeasuredinaccordancewithBS1377:Part9,exceptthatnuclearmethodsshallonlybeusedwhererequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/3.Wherenuclearmethodsareused,thegaugeshallbecalibratedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part9.
613 Sub-formation and Capping
1 (05/01)Cappingshallbeprovidedonlyinthoselocations,andtotheextent,particularlystatedinAppendix6/7tobeconstructedwithcapping.ItshallcomplywiththisClauseandinaddition,forstabilisedcapping,withClauses614,615and643asappropriate.
2 (05/04)CappingshallbeconstructedwithClass6F1,6F2,6F3,6F4,6F5,6S,9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9FmaterialasrequiredorpermittedinAppendix6/7andcomplyingwithTable6/1.
3 (05/04)UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7,cappingshalleitherconsistofoneClassofcappingmaterialthroughoutitsdepthlaidinoneormorelayersofcompactedthicknesscomplyingwithClause612,orbeformedofnotmorethantwoelementsofdifferentcappingmaterials.Eachelementshallbeformedofoneormorelayersofthesamecappingmaterial,eachofcompactedthicknesscomplyingwithClause612.Class9Dor9EstabilisedcappingmaterialshallnotbeplacedorconstructedaboveClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial.
4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/7,beforecommencingtheconstructionofcappinginthePermanentWorks,theContractorshalldemonstratethemethods,equipmentandmaterialsheproposestouseby
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constructinganarea,orareasasappropriate,ofcappingonatypicalpreparedsub-formationtothesamethicknessasrequiredinthePermanentWorks.Theareaofeachcappingconstructiondemonstrationshallbenotlessthan700m².
5 (05/01)ThematerialsplacedduringthedemonstrationmayformpartofthePermanentWorks,providedtheymeettherequirementsoftheContract,orbecarriedoutelsewhereontheSitewherethisisdetailedinAppendix6/7.AftercompletionofeachdemonstrationareatheContractorshallwithinaperiodofnotgreaterthan5daysandbeforecommencingthemainconstructionoftheappropriatecappinginthePermanentWorks,carryouttestsoneachdemonstrationareaandprovidetheOverseeingOrganisationwithrecordssubstantiatingcompliancewiththestipulatedcriteriaofAppendix6/7.WhererequiredbyAppendix6/7theContractorshallprovidesheeting,toprotectthedemonstrationarea.
6 Thedemonstrationareashall,ifitdoesnotmeettherequirementsforthePermanentWorksorislocatedelsewhereonsite,beremovedandtheareareinstatedinaccordancewithAppendix6/7.
7 ThemethodsandmaterialsusedintheaccepteddemonstrationshallnotbechangedduringthecourseoftheWorkswithouttheconstructionofafurtherdemonstrationwheresuchdemonstrationsarerequiredbyAppendix6/7.
8 UnlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/7,thesub-formationshallhavethesamelongitudinalgradient,crossfallandsurfaceleveltolerancesastheformation.
9 TheContractorshalllimitanyunprotectedareaofsub-formation,whichistoreceivecappingtosuittheoutputoftheplantinuseandtherateofdepositionofcapping.
10 Nounprotectedsub-formationwhichistoreceivecappingshallremaincontinuouslyexposedtoraincausingdegradation,norbeleftuncoveredovernight.
11 (05/01)IncuttingstheContractorshall,aspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/7carryoutoneofthefollowingprocedures:
(i) (05/04)forClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial,excavatebelowformationleveltoadepthtoacceptthecapping,trimthesurfacetoformthesub-formationandimmediatelycompactwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermwidthofrollnotlessthan2,100kgoravibratoryrollerhavingamasspermwidthofrollnotlessthan700kgoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²ofnotlessthan1,400kg,exceptthat
onlysmoothwheeledrollersshallbeusedonClass3chalkmaterial,andimmediatelydepositandcompactaboveitacappinginClass6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial;or
(ii) forClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fcappingmaterialconstructthecappingbystabilisingtheintactmaterial,providingitcomplieswithClass6E,6R,7E,7F,7Gor7Imaterialrequirements,immediatelybelowformationtoformClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterial,respectively;or
(iii) (05/04)excavatebelowformationtosufficientdepthtoenablestabilisationofintactClass6E,6R,7E,7F,7Gor7Imaterialtobecarriedout,toproduceClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterialformingthelowerelementofthecapping(afterstabilisationofthiselement,thecappingshallbecompletedbydepositingafurtherlayerorlayersofClass6E,6R7E,7F,7G,or7ImaterialandstabilisingittoformClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9FcappingordepositingandcompactingClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialtoformtheupperelementofthecapping);or
(iv) (05/04)excavatetosub-formationlevelanddepositmaterialcomplyingwithClasses6E,6R,7E,7F,7G,or7ItobestabilisedtoformacappingofClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Flayers.
WhereastabilisedlayerisdirectlyoverlainbyClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialthestabilisedlayershallbecompactedasforasub-formationin11(i)above.
12 (05/01)OnembankmentsandotherareasoffilltheContractorshall,aspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/7carryoutoneofthefollowingprocedures:
(i) (05/04)completetheembankmenttoformthesub-formationorremoveanyprotectionlayerandtrimthesurfacetoformthesub-formation,andinbothcasescompactwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermwidthofnotlessthan2,100kgoravibratoryrollerofnotlessthan700kgpermwidthoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²ofnotlessthan1,400kg,(exceptthatonlysmooth-wheeledrollersshallbeusedonClass3chalkmaterial)andimmediatelyconstructaboveit,inoneormorelayers,Class6FgranularcappingmaterialorClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterial;or
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(ii) constructtheembankmenttosufficientheightandcarryoutstabilisationtoformacappingofClass9A,9B,9C,9D,9Eor9Fmaterialinoneormorelayersutilisingwhereappropriateanyprotectionlayerpreviouslyconstructed;or
(iii) (05/04)formulti-elementcapping,incorporatingstabilisedmaterial,constructtheembankmenttosufficientheighttocarryouttheworkdescribedin12(ii)aboveandimmediatelyconstructaboveitoneormorelayersofClass6Fgranularcappingmaterial.
WhereastabilisedlayerisdirectlyoverlainbyClass6Fgranularcappingmaterialthestabilisedlayershallbecompactedasforasub-formationin12(i)above.
13 ForClass6F3materialOptimumMoistureContentshallbedeterminedaccordingtoBS1377:Part4Method3.7(vibratinghammertest).MeasurementsofmoisturecontentbothforcontrolpurposesandforoptimummoisturecontentdeterminationshallbeaccordingtoBS1377:Part2Method3(ovendrymethod)butusinganovenonareducedtemperaturesettingof45to50°C.
14 (05/04)FilterlayersconstructedofClass6Sgranularfilterlayermaterialshallbeprotectedfromdamagebytrafficandconstructionplant.TheContractorshallsoorganiseworkthatonlythetrafficdirectlyengagedindepositing,spreadingandcompactingthefilterlayershallbepermittedaccesstothesurfaceofthislayer.AtnotimeshalltheContractorpermittheleadingedgeofthefilterlayertoextendmorethan100metresbeyondtheleadingedgeofthesucceedinglayerofsubbase.
614 Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping
1 Wherecappingistoconsistof,eitherwhollyorinpart,cementstabilisedmaterialClass9A,9Bor9C,thisClauseshallapplytotheconstructionofthosepartswhicharestabilisedwithcement.
2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithcementshallbeClass6E,Class7FandClass7GmaterialsallcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7cementshallbePortlandcementcomplyingwithClause1001.
3 Class6E,7For7Gmaterialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thatquantityofcementmeasuredasapercentageofitsdryweightasdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof2%cement.
4 Theappropriatequantityofcementshallbeuniformlyspread,byasuitablespreadingmachine,ontopofthelayertobeprocessed.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadofthemachineonceforevery500m²ofcementspread.
5 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,Class6E,7For7Gmaterialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause9ofthisClause.
6 TheContractorshallnotcarryoutcementstabilisationwhentheshadetemperatureisbelow3°Cunlessonarisingthermometerabove0°C.Cementstabilisationshallnotbecarriedoutduringperiodsofrainorwhenrainisimminent.Whencementisspreadonmateriallikelytocauseprematurehydration,processinginaccordancewithsub-Clause7ofthisClauseshallfollowimmediately.
7 UnlessindicatedotherwisebyAppendix6/7,Class6E,7For7Gmaterialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthecementbymeansofasufficientnumberofpassesofasuitablemobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%ofthesiltandclayfractionisreducedtoparticlesorlumpspassingaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.
8 (11/05)Duringprocessing,sufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtohydratethecementandenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4,whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
9 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.
10 (11/05)EachlayerofClass9A,9Bor9Cprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthefinalpassofthestabilisingmachine.Compactionshallbecompletedwithin2hoursfollowingthemixingofthecementintothematerialtobestabilised.ImmediatelybeforecompactionClass9BprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthan12norlessthanthefigurestatedin
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Appendix6/1forClass9Bcementstabilisedmaterial,bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.WatershallbeaddedifnecessaryinauniformmannertoenablethisMCVrequirementtobemet.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
11 ThecompactionofeachlayerofClass9Aor9BmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method6orMethod7respectively,exceptthatiflayersofClass9Aor9Bgreaterthan250mmthicknessaretobeconstructed,thenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbedeterminedfromtheresultsofademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.
12 ThecompactionofClass9CmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,endproductcompaction,tosatisfythecompactionrequirementsgiveninTable6/1ofthisClass.
13 Class9A,9Band9CmaterialsshallbecuredinaccordancewithClause1035.Duringperiodswhentheairtemperatureisforecasttodropbelow3°CorwhengroundfrostisforecastClass9A,9Band9Cmaterialshallbeprotected,topreventfreezing,foraperiodof7daysfromthetimeofcompletionofcompaction.Suchprotectionshallbesealedtopreventtheingressofmoisture.
14 Class9A,9Band9CmaterialsshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedabovethemuntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.
615 Lime Stabilisation to Form Capping
1 ThisClauseshallapplyonlytothosecappingmaterialswhicharetobestabilisedwithlimetoformmaterialClass9D.
2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithlimeshallbeClass7EmaterialcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.
3 (11/03)Limeforlimestabilisationshall,asrequiredinAppendix6/7,beeitherquicklimeorhydratedlimecomplyingwithBSEN459-1.Quicklimeshallwhensievedhave100%passingaBS10mmsieveandatleast95%bymasspassingaBS5mmsieve.
4 TheContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationforeachsourceoflimeareportofachemicalanalysisfor‘availablelime’madeinaccordancewithsub-Clause641.2.SuchreportsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationpriortotheincorporationoflimeinthePermanentWorksatweeklyorotherintervalsdefinedinAppendix6/7duringperiodswhenlimestabilisationiscarriedout.
5 Class7Ematerialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thepercentageofitsdryweightoflime,asdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof2½%byweightof‘availablelime’asapercentageofthedryweightoftheClass7Ematerial.
6 Limeofquantitycomplyingwithsub-Clause5ofthisClauseshallbeuniformlyspreadbyasuitablespreadingmachineontopofthelayertobestabilised.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadbyweight,onceforevery500m²oflimespreadoradifferentrateoftestingfortherateofspreadasdescribedinAppendix6/7.AtthesametimetheContractorshallcollectsamplesoflimedepositedonthetrayandtestthemforavailablelimecontentinaccordancewithClause641.
7 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause12ofthisClause.
8 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7limestabilisationshallbecarriedoutonlyduringthemonthsofMarchtoSeptemberinclusiveandwhentheshadetemperatureisnotbelow7°C.Onlywhenthespecifiedbearingratioisattainableatashadetemperaturelessthan7°C,maylimestabilisationbecarriedoutatsuchlowertemperature.Limestabilisationshallbesuspendedifrainfallwillhaveanadverseeffectonthematerialbeingstabilised.Thespreadingoflimeshallnotbecarriedoutinamannerorunderconditionsthatwillresultinlimebeingblownfromthesiteontoadjacentlandorproperty.
9 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayerstobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthelimebymeansofsufficientnumberofpassesofasuitablemobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%oftheClass9DprocessedmaterialpassesaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.
10 (11/05)Duringprocessingsufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtoslakethequicklime(ifused)andtoenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
11 (11/05)Thelayershallreceiveatleasttwopassesofthestabilisingmachinetopulveriseandmixthelimeandsoil,afterwhichtheprocessingshallbeinterrupted
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byaperiodofnotlessthan24hoursandnotgreaterthan72hours,toenablethelimetoreactwiththesoil.Beforethisperiodcommencesthesurfaceofthelayershallbesealedwithonepassofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollofnotlessthan2700kgorapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1000kgperwheel.Attheendofthisperiodthelayershallreceiveonefurtherpassofthestabilisingmachineormoreifrequiredtoenablethematerialtocomplywithsub-Clauses9and13ofthisClause,addingwateruniformlyifnecessary.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
12 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.
13 EachlayerofClass9Dprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthefinalpassofthestabilisingmachine.ImmediatelybeforecompactiontheprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthannorlessthanthefiguresstatedinAppendix6/1,forClass9Dlimestabilisedmaterial,bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.
14 Ifthereisadelayfollowingthefinalpassandbeforecommencementofcompactionthesurfaceshallbesealedbynotlessthan2passesofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofnotlessthan2,700kgorofapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1,000kgmassperwheel.Onrecommencementandbeforecompactionthelayershallbere-processedwithouttheadditionoflime,byasufficientnumberofpassesofthestabilisingmachinetomeettheMCVrequirementsofsub-Clause13ofthisClauseaddingwateruniformlyifnecessary.
15 ThecompactionofeachlayershallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method7exceptthatiflayersmorethan250mmthickareconstructedthenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbethosedeterminedfromresultsobtainedonademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.
16 Class9DmaterialshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedaboveituntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.
616 Preparation and Surface Treatment of Formation
1 Theformationshall,aftercompletionofanysubgradedrainage,andimmediatelybeforelayingsub-baseonareasofcompletedformation,haveasurfaceleveltolerancewithin+20mmand-30mm,orotherleveloftolerancedefinedinAppendix6/7relativetoitsdesignedlevelaftercompletionofthefollowingoperationsasnecessary:
(i) (11/04)Anyprotectionlayershallberemovedandanysoftordamagedareasshallberectifiedbyexcavatingthemandreplacingwithacceptablematerialhavingthesamecharacteristicsandstrengthasthesurroundingmaterial.Thesurfaceoftheformationshallbetrimmedandimmediatelycleanedfreefrommudandslurrywhichshallbedealtwithasunacceptablematerialinaccordancewithsub-Clause#601.2.
(ii) Theformationshallimmediatelybecompacted,inadditiontothecompactionrequiredforthefill.Thisadditionalcompactionshallforthispurposebeassumedtobeasforalayerof250mmfinishedthicknesscompactedincompliancewithClause612andTable6/4Method6exceptforClass3materialswhereMethod4shallbeused.Immediatelyaftertheadditionalcompactiontheformationshallbetrimmedtoachievethetolerancesofthissub-Clause.
2 Wherethetolerancesinsub-Clause1ofthisClauseareexceeded,theContractorshalldeterminethefullextentoftheareawhichisoutoftoleranceandshallmakegoodtheformationasfollows:
(i) ifthesurfaceistoohighitshallbere-trimmedandre-compactedincompliancewithClause612andsub-Clause1ofthisClause;
(ii) ifthesurfaceistoolowitshallbecorrectedbytheadditionofacceptablematerialcomplyingwithTable6/1havingcharacteristicsandstrengthmatchingtheoverlainmaterial,depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClause608and612andsub-Clause1ofthisClause.IncohesivematerialsClasses2and7,wherethislowsurfaceislessthan150mmbelowformation,materialshallberemovedtoadepthofatleast150mmbelowformationbeforetheadditionalmaterialisdepositedandcompacted.
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3 Aftertrimming,orre-trimmingifnecessary,theformationshallberolledwithonepassofasmooth-wheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotlessthan2100kgor,exceptforClass3material,avibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofvibratingrollofnotlessthan700kgoravibratingplatecompactorhavingamassperm²underthebaseplateofnotlessthan1,400kg.
4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/7orwherethetolerancesinsub-Clause1ofthisClausecannotbeachievedinthepreparationofformationinrockthenoneofthefollowingshallbecarriedoutsoastoachievetheabovetolerances:
(i) thematerialshallbeexcavatedbelowformationtothedepthdescribedinAppendix6/7.TheexcavatedmaterialshallbeprocessedasdescribedinAppendix6/7andre-depositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/4Method6incompactedlayersnotgreaterthan250mmthick;or
(ii) (11/03)wheretherocksurfaceistabularitshallberegulatedbydepositingandcompactingcementboundmaterialasdescribedinAppendix6/7,complyingwiththe1000Series,orST1concretetoClause2062.
5 TheContractorshalllimitanyareasofcompletedformationtosuittheoutputofplantinuseandtherateofdepositionofsub-base.NoformationofcohesivematerialClasses2and7shallremaincontinuouslyexposedtoraincausingdegradationorbeleftuncoveredovernight.
6 Thepreparationofformationonexistingsub-basematerialshallbecompletedasdescribedinAppendix6/7.
617 Use of Sub-formation or Formation by Construction Plant
1 Constructionplantandothervehiculartraffic(exceptthatrequiredfortheconstructionofcapping)shallnotbeoperatedonthesub-formation,unlessadequateprotection,ifnecessaryinadditiontoanyweatherprotection,isprovided.
2 Constructionplantandothervehiculartraffic(exceptforthatrequiredforpreparationoftheformationincompliancewithClause616)shallnotbeoperatedontheformationunlessadequateprotection,ifnecessaryinadditiontoanyweatherprotectionisprovided.
3 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses1and2ofthisClause,theContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationhisproposalsforthe
protectionofthesub-formationorformationinareaswheretheyarewithin300mmoftheexistinggroundlevel,aftertopsoilhasbeenstripped,beforeusingconstructionplantorothervehiculartrafficatorabovesub-formationorformation.
618 (05/01) Topsoiling
1 TopsoilingshallbecarriedoutusingClass5materialcomplyingwithTable6/1.
2 Importedtopsoil,Class5Bmaterial,shallonlybeimportedwhenrequiredinAppendix6/8,orAppendix30/6.
3 WhenrequiredinAppendix6/8topsoilshallnotbeexcavatedfromstockpiles,whetheronsiteorimported:
(i) whichhavebeenexposedtoacumulativerainfallexceeding100mm,orotherfigurestatedinAppendix6/8,overthepreceding28daysmeasuredatapointdetailedinAppendix6/8;or
(ii) whenheavyrainisfalling;or
(iii) withatrackedvehicle;or
(iv) whichhavebeenstockpiledformorethan2years;or
(v) whicharefrozen;or
(vi) inthecaseoftopsoilwhichhasbeenstockpiledformorethan6months,unlessthestockpilehasbeentreatedwithatotal,non-residualherbicideasrecentlyasisseasonallypossible(allowingtheperiodoftimerecommendedbythemanufacturertoelapsepriortoexcavation).
4 Topsoilshall:
(i) bedepositedandspreadontheareas,tothethicknessesdescribedinAppendix6/8,inlayersnotexceeding150mm.Eachlayershallbefirmedbeforespreadingthenext.ThethicknessshallbereducedwherenecessarytoallowforanysubsequentturfingrequiredinAppendix30/5(itshallnotbespreadusingatrackedvehicle,whensostipulatedinAppendix6/8);
(ii) havestonesandotherdebrisremovedanddisposedoffSitewhichhave:
(a) dimensionsgreaterthan100mmequivalentdiameter,unlessotherwisepermittedinAppendix6/8;and
(b) dimensionsgreaterthan50mmequivalentdiameterwhichliewithin50mmofthesurface;
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(iii) begradedtosmoothcontours,eliminatingallmoundsanddepressionswherewatermaycollect;
(iv) nothavestonesorotherdebrisprotrudingabovethesurfacebymorethan30mm,andcomplywiththefurtherrequirementsofClauses3004and3005.
619 Earthwork Environmental Bunds
1 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsshallbeconstructedinthelocationsdescribedinAppendix6/9withfillmaterialscomplyingwiththerequirementsthereinandClause601andTable6/1.DepositionshallbeinaccordancewithClause608andcompactionwiththerequirementsofTable6/1unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/9ortherequirementsofsub-Clauses2or3ofthisClauseapply.
2 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsformedofreinforcedoranchoredearthshallbeconstructedincompliancewithClauses2502and622.
3 EarthworkenvironmentalbundsformedofstrengthenedembankmentsshallbeconstructedinaccordancewithClause621.
4 (05/01)WhererequiredinAppendix6/9earthworkenvironmentalbundsshallbetopsoiledinaccordancewithClause618andseeded,orturfed,allinaccordancewithClause3005.
620 Landscape Areas
1 LandscapeareasshallbeconstructedinthelocationsshowninAppendix6/9withClass4materialasdescribedthereinandcomplyingwithTable6/1.
2 UnlessmethodcompactiontoClause612isrequiredinAppendix6/9thedegreeofcompactionofClass4materialshallbesufficienttoremovelargevoidsandtoproduceacoherentmasswhilstpreventingover-compactionandanybuildupofexcessporepressures.
3 Followingcompletionoffillingoflandscapeareas,Class4materialshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/9,beshapedasdescribedtherein.
4 Class4materialshallbedepositedinlandscapeareasafteranyadjoiningembankmentorotherareaoffillhasbeencompleted.WherepermittedinAppendix6/9andprovidedtheadjoiningembankmentorotherareaoffillisalwayskeptatleast1mhigherthanthelandscapeareafill,constructionofsuchlandscapeareamayproceeduntilcompletion.
5 (05/01)LandscapeareasshallbetopsoiledinaccordancewithClause618andseededorturfedinaccordancewithClause3005totherequirementsofAppendix30/5.
621 Strengthened Embankments
1 StrengthenedembankmentsshallbeconstructedinthelocationsandtothedetailsdescribedinAppendix6/9withfillmaterialsandstrengtheningmaterialsdescribedtherein.
622 Earthworks for Reinforced Soil and Anchored Earth Structures
1 TheconstructionofearthworksforreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructurestogetherwithassemblyanderectionofreinforcingandanchorelementsandassociatedcomponentsshallbeincompliancewiththisClauseandClause2502.
2 ExcavationshallbecarriedoutincompliancewithClause604.
3 Fillforreinforcedsoilstructuresshall,exceptfortheirassociateddrainagelayers,beofClass6I,6J,7B,7Cor7DselectedmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1aspermittedinAppendix6/1togetherwithanyotheradditionalrequirementstherein.WhereClass7Bconditionedpulverised-fuelashisusedforfill,onlynon-metallicreinforcingelementsshallbeusedandmetallicfastenersshallbeofstainlesssteel.
4 Fillforanchoredearthstructuresshall,exceptfortheirassociateddrainagelayers,beof6Ior6JselectedmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1aspermittedinAppendix6/1togetherwithanyotheradditionalrequirementstherein.
5 Drainagelayerstoreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallbeoneofthefollowingasappropriate:
(i) Class6HmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1andAppendix6/1.
(ii) (05/04)forusewithClass7Bmaterial,uncrushed,partiallycrushedorcrushedgravelsandcomplyingwithBSEN12620,finescontentcategoryf3andsizes0/4(CP),0/4(MP)or0/2(MP)and,whenincontactwithmetalliccomponents,withthepropertieslistedinTable6/3.
(iii) TypeBfilterdrainmaterialcomplyingwithClause505foruseonlyinhorizontaldrainagelayers.
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Verticallayersofdrainagelayermaterialshallbebroughtupatthesamerateastheadjoiningfillmaterialwithoutmixingorcontamination.
6 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses7and8ofthisClause,fillforreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallbedepositedandcompactedincompliancewithClauses608and612andTable6/1,withmethodcompactionforClasses6H,6I,6J,7Cand7Dmaterialsandend-productcompactionforClass7Bmaterial.DrainagelayermaterialotherthanClass6HshallbedepositedinaccordancewithClause608andcompactedasdescribedinAppendix6/3.
7 Reinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructuresshallhave:
(i) thedepositionandcompactioncarriedoutsothatalllayersofreinforcingandanchorelementsarefixedattherequiredlevelsontopofcompactedfill;
(ii) thedeposition,spreading,levellingandcompactionofthefillcarriedoutgenerallyinadirectionparalleltothefacingandexecutedinstagestoalternatewiththeplacingandfixingofthereinforcingandanchorelementsandthefacingelements;
(iii) thereinforcingandanchorelementskeptasfreeaspossiblefromdamageordisplacementduringdeposition,spreading,levellingandcompactionofthefill(alsotheprogrammeoffillingshallbearrangedsothatnomachinesorvehiclesrunonthereinforcingoranchorelements);
(iv) allconstructionplant,andallothervehicles,havingamassexceeding1,000kg,keptatleast2mawayfromthebackofthefacing;
(v) within2mofthebackofthefacing,theplantusedforcompactingthefillrestrictedtothefollowingitemsasdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:
(a) vibratoryrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotexceeding1,300kgwithatotalmassnotexceeding1,000kg;
(b) vibratingplatecompactorhavingamassnotexceeding1,000kg;
(c) vibrotamperhavingamassnotexceeding75kg;
(vi) attheContractor’soption,thereinforcedsoilandanchoredearthfillbeyondthe2mzonereferredtoin(v)above,raisedinthicker
layersthanwithinthe2mzone,providingthisiscompatiblewiththearrangementofthereinforcingandanchorelementsandthedifferenceincompactedleveldoesnotexceed300mm;
(vii) duringconstructionofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructuretheretainedfillattherearofthestructure,asdefinedinsub-Clause8ofthisClause,maintainedatthesamelevelastheadjoiningreinforcedsoiloranchoredearthfill;
(viii) iftheretainedmaterialattherearofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructure,asdefinedinsub-Clause8ofthisClause,isanexistingearthworkornaturalslopewhichrequiressupportingbytemporaryshoring,thisshoringshallberemovedprogressivelyastheworkproceedstopreventtheformationofvoids.
8 Therearofthereinforcedsoiloranchoredearthstructureisthepositioncoincidingwiththeendsofthereinforcingoranchorelementsfurthestfromthefacingunits.
623 Earthworks for Corrugated Steel Buried Structures
1 TheconstructionofearthworksforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructurestogetherwithassemblyanderectionoftheircomponentsshallbeincompliancewiththisClauseandClause2501.
2 ExcavationshallbecarriedoutincompliancewithClause604andanyadditionalrequirementsgiveninAppendix6/3.
3 FillforcorrugatedsteelburiedstructuresshallbeofthefollowingselectedgranularmaterialscomplyingwithTable6/1:
(i) LowerbeddingmaterialClass6K.
(ii) UpperbeddingmaterialClass6L.
(iii) SurroundmaterialClass6M
andtheoverlyingfillshallbeoneofthefollowing:
(iv) Wellgraded,uniformlygradedorcoarse,granularmaterialClass6Q.
(v) Wet,dry,stonyorsiltycohesivematerialandchalkClass7H.
4 Inadditiontotherequirementsofsub-Clauses5to14ofthisClause,Class6K,6Land6MmaterialsshallbedepositedincompliancewithClause608andshall(exceptforClass6Lupperbeddingmaterialwhichshall
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beuncompacted)beend-productcompactedincompliancewithClause612andTable6/1,exceptthatthecompactedlayersshallnotexceed150mmthickness.ThecompactionandtestingrequirementsforClass6KlowerbeddingandClass6MsurroundmaterialsshallalsocomplywithanyadditionalrequirementsgiveninAppendix6/3.
5 Asfaraspossible,theClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeshapedtofittheinvertsuchthatitsupports20%ofthecircumferenceofcircularstructuresorthewholeoftheportionofcircumferenceoccupiedbythebottomplatesofmulti-radiistructures.Inthecaseofstructuresofspanlessthan3mwherethiscannotbemetandthestructureiserectedonaflatorpartiallypreshapedbedding,careshallbetakentoensurethatthelowerbeddingmaterialisproperlyplacedandcompactedunderthehaunches.AuniformlayerofuncompactedClass6Lupperbeddingmaterialshallbedepositedbeforetheplacingofanypartofthesteelstructure,overthewholewidthoftheshapedlowerbeddingmaterialandshallbeofsufficientdepthtofillthecorrugationsoftheundersideofthestructure.
6 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbeusedforfillingallexcavationsabovethebedding,exceptthoseinhardmaterialforwhichClass6Klowerbeddingmaterialshallbeusedthroughout.AdditionalrequirementsformakinggoodaregiveninClause604.
7 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbedepositedandcompacteduniformlyoneithersideofthestructure.Themaximumdifferenceinfilllevelonoppositesidesofthestructureshallbenomorethan250mmatalltimesunlessotherwisepermittedinAppendix6/3.
8 Class6Msurroundmaterialshallbedepositedandcompactedinaccordancewithsub-Clause4ofthisClause,abovetheconcretefoundationsofarch-profilecorrugatedsteelburiedstructures.
9 Class6Msurroundmaterialunderthestructureshallbewellcompactedbyhandusingasuitablysizedpoleorlengthofrectangulartimberbetweenthecorrugations,orbyanothersuitablemethod.
10 PlantforcompactionofClass6Msurroundmaterialwithin1mofeithersideofthestructureanduptoaheightof1m,oronefifthofthespanifgreater,abovethecrown,shallberestrictedtothefollowingitems,asdescribedinsub-Clause612.10andlistedinTable6/4:
(i) vibratoryrollershavingamasspermetrewidthofrollnotexceeding750kg;
(ii) vibratingplatecompactorshavingmassnotexceeding750kg;
(iii) vibro-tampers.11 Fillplacedabovethelevelofthecrownofthestructure,includingClass6Msurroundmaterial,shall
bedeposited,spreadandcompactedinsuchamannerthatanyoutofbalanceforcestransmittedtotheculvertarekepttoaminimum.Thiswillrequirethattraffickingbyconstructionplantisnotallinonedirectionandthatthecompactedsurfaceofthefilliskeptasnearhorizontalaspracticable.
12 Duringalloperationsoffilling,compaction,roadpavementconstructionandofanyothertrafficmovementswhichaffecttheshapeofthestructure,thechangesinthehorizontalandverticaldiametersofthestructureshallnotexceed±5%forcircularstructuresand±2%forstructuresofothercross-sections.Thelongitudinalstraightnessoverany10mlengthofthestructureshallnotdeviatebymorethan25mm,andtherotationaldisplacementinany10mlengthofstructureshallnotbegreaterthan25mm.
13 Onlythatcompactionplantdescribedinsub-Clause10ofthisClause,shallbeusedinthevicinityofthestructureunlessthedepthofcompactedClass6Msurroundmaterialplacedabovethecrownofthestructureismorethan1m,oronefifthofthespan,whicheveristhegreater.ThestructureshallnotbesubjectedtoasurchargegreaterthanthedepthoffillrequiredintheContractandpermitteddepthofanyprotectionlayergiveninAppendix6/3.
14 Nomaterialshallbeplacedbytippingeitherontothestructureorwithinadistanceoneithersideofthestructureof2morhalfthespanofthestructure,whicheveristhegreater.
15 Methodcompactionshallbeusedfortheoverlyingfill(Classes6Qand7H)accordingtoClause612;themethodusedbeingthatforthecorrespondinggeneralfillinTable6/1.
624 Ground Anchorages
1 TheContractorshalldesignthegroundanchoragesrequiredaspartofthePermanentWorksandlistedinAppendix1/11,inaccordancewiththedesignrequirementsdescribedinAppendix6/10.ThegroundanchoragesshallbeinstalledandwhererequiredinAppendix6/10proofloaded,inaccordancewiththerequirementstherein.
2 GroundanchoragesnotformingpartofthePermanentWorkswillonlybepermittedwheresuchanchoragewillnotaffectthePermanentWorks.
625 Crib Walling
1 TheContractorshalldesignthecribwallinglistedinAppendix1/10inaccordancewiththedesignspecificationandproceduresinAppendix6/10andStandardBD68.
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626 Gabions
1 GabionsshallbeconstructedincompliancewiththisClauseandwithanyadditionalrequirementsinAppendix6/10.
2 Gabionunitsshallbeassembledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructionsandshallbesufficientlyfilledwithClass6GmaterialcomplyingwithTable6/1andanyotherrequirementsinAppendix6/1,withanallowanceforconsolidationoffill,soastominimisedistortionduringconstruction.Gabionunitsshall,whereappropriate,bemaintainedsquareandwithverticalsidesduringfilling.Internaltiewiresshallbeinsertedandunitsshallbetensionedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.Gabionunitsshallbeconstructedsoastomaintaintightnessofmeshandshallbelacedsecurelywithwire,complyingwithsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause.
3 ThegabionmeshshallbeoneofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/10:
(i) AmeshmanufacturedfromwirecomplyingwithBS1052havingaminimumcorediameterof2.0mm,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/10.
(ii) Ageomesh,beingagridofplasticmaterialsuitableforuseinearthworks,havingthepropertiesdescribedinAppendix6/10.
4 (11/03)AllwireshallbegalvanizedincompliancewithBSEN10244-2andbecoatedwithaminimumthicknessof0.55mmofPVCforextrudedcoatingsand0.25mmofPVCforbondedcoatings.ThePVCshallbecapableofresistingtheeffectsofimmersioninseawater,exposuretoultravioletlightandabrasion,whentestedforaperiodnotlessthan3000hoursinaccordancewithBS2782:Part5:Method540B(ISO4892).
5 ThesizeofmeshopeningsandgradingoffillshallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/10,butthemaximumsizeoffillmaterialshallnotexceedtwothirdsoftheminimumdimensionofthegabioncompartmentor200mmwhicheverissmallerandtheminimumsizeofthefill,unlessotherwisestatedinAppendix6/10,shallbenotlessthanthesizeofthemeshopening.
6 Mechanicalequipmentmayonlybeusedforfillinggabionunitsprovidedthattheresultsareequivalenttofillingbyhand.
627 Swallow Holes and Other Naturally Occurring Cavities
1 InfilledswallowholesandothernaturallyoccurringcavitiesshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/11be
excavated,filledandcappedasdescribedinAppendix6/11.
2 OpenswallowholesandothershallowcavitiesshallwhererequiredinAppendix6/11beflushed,clearedofrubbishwheretodosowouldnotendangeroperatives,andfilledandcappedasdescribedinAppendix6/11.
628 Disused Mine Workings
1 Disusedmineworkingsshall,whererequiredinAppendix6/11beinvestigated,inspected,monitored,cleared,flushed,filled,cappedorhaveanyothertreatmentcarriedout,allasdescribedinAppendix6/11.
629 Instrumentation and Monitoring
1 Instrumentation,otherthanthatrequiredincompliancewithClause607,shallbeasdescribedinAppendix6/12andshallbeinstalledinthelocationsshowntherein.
2 MonitoringofinstrumentationshallbecarriedoutasrequiredinAppendix6/12andtheresultssuppliedtotheOverseeingOrganisationasrequiredtherein.
630 Ground Improvement
Dynamic Compaction
1 Dynamiccompaction,carriedouttoeithermethodorend-productasrequiredinAppendix6/13andachievedbydroppingafree-fallingheavymass(pounder)anumberoftimesatpre-determinedspacingsonthesurfaceofthegroundorfill,shallbeappliedtotheareasdescribedinAppendix6/13.
2 DynamiccompactionshallbecompletedbeforethecommencementofconstructionofanyPermanentWorks,orworkontheplacementordiversionofStatutoryUndertaker’sequipment,withinthatpartoftheSitedefinedinAppendix6/13whichcontainstheareatobedynamicallycompacted.
3 TheContractorshallensurethatnodamageorinjuryiscausedtopersonsorpropertyonorofftheSiteasaresultofthedynamiccompaction.
Vibrated Stone Columns
4 VibratedstonecolumnsinexistingnaturalsoilsorfillbyvibroreplacementorvibrodisplacementshallbeformedinthemannerandintheareasdescribedinAppendix6/13.
5 UnlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/13,materialsshallcomplywiththeSeries600andtheSeries800asappropriate.
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6 TheContractorshallreportimmediatelytotheOverseeingOrganisationanycircumstancewhichindicatesthatintheContractor’sopinionthegroundconditionsdifferfromthoseexpectedfromhisinterpretationofthegroundinvestigationreports.
7 ColumnsshallbeinstalledasshownontheDrawingsandwithinthepermittedtolerancesstatedinAppendix6/13.
Materials
8 (05/04)Thematerialusedtoformthecolumnsshallbeclean,hard,inertmaterialandshallbenaturalsand,gravel,crushedrockotherthanargillaceousrocks,crushedhardcore,crushedconcrete,crushedslagorwellburntnon-plasticshale.Thematerialshallbeappropriatetothegroundconditionsinwhichthestonecolumnsareformedanditsuseshallnotbedetrimentaltoanyotherworkonsite.Thematerialshallbenominallysinglesizedcoarseaggregatewithavalueofupper(D)sievesizeintherange10mmto40mmoragradedmaterialcomplyingwithClause804(Type2unboundmixturesforsubbase)exceptthematerialpassingthe0.425mmsieveshallbenon-plasticwhentestedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2.
Testing of Ground Treatment
9 Testingoftreatedgroundshallbeundertakenforcontrolpurposesduringthetreatmentandoncompletionofthegroundtreatment.TheperformancecriteriafortreatedgroundaregiveninAppendix6/13.
10 ImprovementintreatedgroundshallbemeasuredinaccordancewiththecriteriastatedinAppendix6/13.
Types of Test
11 ThefollowingtestsoralternativespermittedinAppendix6/13shallbecarriedoutatthepositionsandfrequencygiveninAppendix6/13.
Plate tests
12 Platebearingtestsareloadingtestscarriedoutusingaplateontreatedground.ThetestisdescribedinBS1377:Part9:1990Method4.1.
Zone Tests
13 Zonetestsareloadingtestscarriedoutwithaslab,intendedtotestbearingpressureoverawideranddeeperzonethanintheplatetests.ThetestisdescribedinBS1377:Part9:1990Method4.2.
Penetration Tests
14 Ingranularsoilsthestaticcone(Dutchcone)penetrationtest,thestandardpenetrationtest(SPT)or
dynamicconepenetrationtestsshallbeemployedasdescribedinAppendix6/13.
Trial Areas
15 TrialareasaretobetreatedandtestedwhererequiredinAppendix6/13.TrialareaswhichmeettheperformancerequirementsmayformpartofthePermanentWorks.
16 EquipmentandmaterialsusedintrialareasshallbeidenticaltothoseproposedforthePermanentWorks.
17 TestingintrialareasshallbecarriedoutasgiveninAppendix6/13.
18 DetailedreportsshallbepreparedforalltestingasdefinedinTable6/6.
Records and Reports
19 Completerecordsofplant,equipmentandmaterialsshallbemaintainedduringallgroundtreatmentoperations.
20 RecordsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationincludingallinformationidentifiedinTable6/6andanyotherinformationrequiredbyAppendix6/13.Allrecordspertainingtoaparticularday’soperationsshallbemadeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationatthestartofthefollowingday’soperations.
Other Methods
21 OthermethodsofgroundimprovementshallbecarriedoutwhererequiredinAppendix6/13andasdescribedtherein.
631 Earthworks Materials Tests
1 UnlessotherwisedescribedintheContractsamplingandtestingofearthworksmaterialsshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithBS1377:Part1toPart9inclusive.
#632 Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials
1 WheretheMoistureConditionValue(MCV)istobedetermined,thedeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4.
2 ThedeterminationoftheMCV/moisturecontentrelationinaccordancewithBS1377:Part4shallbecarriedoutwhenrequiredinAppendix6/1.
3 WherepermittedinAppendix6/1therapidassessmentprocedureformaterialacceptabilityalsogiveninBS1377:Part4maybeused.
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633 Determination of Undrained ShearStrength of Remoulded Cohesive Material
1 Where required in Appendix 6/1, the undrainedshear strength of cohesive soil under total stressconditions shall be determined from triaxialcompression tests performed on remoulded specimensand tested under conditions where the lateral pressure ismaintained constant and there is no change in totalwater content of the specimens. Unless otherwiserequired in Appendix 6/1, the tests shall be inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 7 and the additionalrequirements of sub-Clauses 2 to 4 of this Clause.
2 The specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith BS 1377 : Part 7 using remoulded materialcompacted into a split mould of nominal diameter100 mm and nominal height 200 mm. The soil shall beat its natural moisture content and compacted inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 1 using the 2.5 kgrammer method described in BS 1377 : Part 4.
3 The specimens shall be tested at an operating cellpressure of 200 ± 10 kN/m² and an axial strain rate of1% per minute. Where Appendix 6/1 requires c and ϕ tobe determined, the test shall be modified to enableMohr circles to be plotted and c and ϕ reported.
4 Where stated and described in Appendix 6/1, othertests may be used during construction to supplement thetest described above, provided the results have beencorrelated to ensure compatibility.
634 (11/05) Determination of Intact Lump DryDensity (IDD) of Chalk
1 (11/05) The intact lump dry density (IDD) of chalklumps shall be determined in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 2.
635 (05/04) Los Angeles and Other Tests forParticle Soundness
(05/04) Resistance to Fragmentation - Los AngelesCoefficient (LA)
1 (05/04) The value of Los Angeles coefficient shallbe determined in accordance with BS EN 1097-2.
Other Tests for Particle Soundness
2 (05/04) Where Appendix 6/1 requires magnesiumsulfate soundness tests to be carried out, they shall becarried out in accordance with BS EN 1367-2. WhereAppendix 6/1 requires slake durability, point load orother tests for soundness to be carried out, they shall becarried out in accordance with the procedures giventherein.
636 Determination of Effective Angle ofInternal Friction (ϕϕϕϕϕ/////) and Effective Cohesion(c/////) of Earthworks Materials
1 The effective angle of internal friction ϕ/ andeffective cohesion c/ shall be determined by shear boxor triaxial tests as required in Table 6/1 andAppendix 6/1. Unless otherwise required inAppendix 6/1, the tests shall be in accordance with therequirements in sub-Clauses 2 to 6 of this Clause.
Shear Box Tests
2 For Classes 6N, 6P, 6I and 6J granular materials,the tests shall be carried out in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 7 and the following:
(i) The plan size of the shear box shall benominally 300 mm square.
(ii) Three samples shall be tested, each sampleoccupying the full depth of the shear box andshall be compacted at the optimum moisturecontent to a dry density of 92% ± 2% of themaximum dry density determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using thevibrating hammer method. The samples shallnot be immersed in water.
(iii) Each of the samples shall be subjected to adifferent normal stress equal to themaximum vertical pressure in the fill at thebase, quarter height and mid-height of thestructure respectively. Each of the samplesshall be sheared in a single stage test withinone hour of compaction and the rate ofshearing shall be such that no pore waterpressure is generated.
(iv) The values of c/ and ϕ/ reported shall bethose corresponding to the maximumstrength envelope.
3 For Classes 7A, 7C and 7D cohesive materials, thetests shall be carried out in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 7 and the following:
(i) The shear boxes shall be nominally 300 mmsquare and nominally 60 mm square.
(ii) For the initial determination of fill propertiesthree samples shall be tested in each size ofshear box. The samples shall occupy the fulldepth of the shear box and shall becompacted at the optimum moisture contentto a dry density of 92% ± 2% of themaximum dry density determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using the4.5 kg rammer method. To allow the samplesto soften, the shear box assembly shall then
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be immersed in water for a minimum periodof 24 hours.
(iii) Each of the three samples in a set shall besubjected to a different effective normalstress equal to the maximum verticalpressure in the fill at the base, quarter heightand mid-height of the structure respectively.Normal stresses shall be applied to thesoftened sample for a minimum period of24 hours prior to shearing in a single stagetest. The rate of shearing shall be such thatno pore water pressure is generated.
(iv) The values of c/ and ϕ/ reported shall bethose corresponding to the maximumstrength envelope.
(v) The test results obtained using the 300 mmsquare box shall be taken as the properties ofthe fill. The initial test results obtained usingthe 60 mm square box shall be used for thesubsequent quality control of the fill.
4 For Class 7B pulverised-fuel ash material, theprocedure shall be as for sub-Clause 3 of this Clauseexcept that:
(i) The maximum dry density and optimummoisture content shall be determined inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 4 using the2.5 kg rammer method.
(ii) An additional sample in each set shall besubjected to an effective normal stress equalto the maximum vertical pressure in the fillat three quarters of the height of the structureor the lowest attainable normal stress,whichever is the greater.
(iii) As soon as the shear box has been filled andthe sample compacted, the normal stressshall be applied and the sample immersed inwater. This concurrent loading andimmersion of the sample shall continue for aperiod of 24 hours and the sample shall thenbe sheared without further delay.
Triaxial Tests
5 Where Class 7A cohesive fill to structures is to betested by a consolidated drained triaxial test, the testshall be in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 8 using thesample size and preparation procedure in Clause 633and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.
637 Determination of Resistivity (rs) to AssessCorrosivity of Soil, Rock or EarthworksMaterials
Method of Test
1 Where the resistivity of the ground or of material tobe used in the Permanent Works is required to bedetermined, this shall be obtained by in situ tests asdescribed in sub-Clause 2 of this Clause or, whenrequired in Appendix 6/1, by laboratory tests onsamples in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 3.
In Situ Resistivity Tests
2 In situ resistivity shall be determined at the site ofthe structure or the cutting or the proposed borrow pitor on stockpiles in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 9and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.
3 Details of the area and volume of material to betested shall be made available to the OverseeingOrganisation together with the arrangement ofelectrodes in each test. The Overseeing Organisationshall be given notice of the date, time and location ofeach test.
4 At any test location, at each selected depth, twomeasurements shall be made such that the electrodealignment for the second measurement is approximatelyat right angles to the electrode alignment for the firstmeasurement.
5 At any test location, the first selected depth shall beno more than 1.5 m below the ground surface or nomore than 1.5 m below the upper surface of the materialto be tested, whichever is appropriate. Following themeasurements at the first selected depth, furthermeasurements shall be made at selected depthsincreasing by approximately 2 m each time untilmeasurements have been carried out on the full depth ofground or material to be tested.
6 Where the depth of material to be tested is toogreat to be tested from the surface within the confinesof the Site, the Contractor shall undertake all necessaryarrangements for testing such material, includingsubsequent tests which may be required at a lower levelfollowing excavation. Details of his arrangements shallbe made available to the Overseeing Organisation.
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638 Determination of Redox Potential (Eh) toAssess Corrosivity of Earthworks Materialsfor Reinforced Soil and Anchored EarthStructures
Method of Test
1 Where the redox potential of material to beincorporated into reinforced earth or anchored earthstructures is required to be determined, this shall beobtained by in situ tests as described in sub-Clauses 2 to6 of this Clause or, when required in Appendix 6/1, bylaboratory tests on samples in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 3.
In Situ Redox Potential Tests
2 In situ redox potential shall be determined inundisturbed ground at the site of the cutting or theproposed borrow pit or on stockpiles in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9 and the requirements of Appendix 6/1.
3 Details of the area and volume of material to betested shall be made available to the OverseeingOrganisation together with the locations of the test pits.
4 The Overseeing Organisation shall be given noticeof the date, time and location of each test.
5 At each test location the tests shall be carried out ina test pit not less than 600 mm square in plan excavatedto a depth given in Appendix 6/1.
6 At each test location, a sample shall be taken fromthe base of the excavation and kept in a hermeticallysealed container for determining the pH value of the fillwhich shall be obtained in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 3.
639 Determination of Coefficient of Frictionand Adhesion Between Fill and ReinforcingElements or Anchor Elements for ReinforcedSoil and Anchored Earth Structures
Reinforcing Elements
1 The coefficient of friction and the adhesion shall bedetermined by tests carried out in a 300 mm size shearbox with the element material fixed at the top of thelower half of the box and the fill sample occupying thetop half only.
2 The test shall be carried out following theprocedure given in Clause 636 for the determination ofthe effective angle of internal friction and effectivecohesion of earthworks materials except that:
(i) The apparatus shall in addition include asteel block fitting closely inside the lower
half of the shear box and equal in height to itless the thickness of the reinforcing elementmaterial. (The flat toothed grid fitting thebottom of the shear box is not required).
(ii) The preparation of test specimens shall be asfollows:
Element material shall be cut to fit theinterior plan shape of the shear box using asufficient number of strips of such materialabutting to completely fill the interior planarea without overlap. They shall be firmlyfixed to the top of the steel block so that thetop face of the material is flush with the topedge of the lower half of the box and alignedso that shearing occurs in a direction parallelto the longitudinal axis of a reinforcingelement.
A sample of the fill material to be used in thePermanent Works, of sufficient size to carryout the tests, and within the range ofmoisture contents permitted in Table 6/1 forsuch material, shall be sieved to obtain a testsample passing the 20 mm BS sieve, ofsufficient quantity after compaction to fillthe top half of the shear box. The top andbottom of the shear box shall be fixedtogether and the test sample of the sieved fillmaterials immediately placed and compactedin the top half of the box as described inClause 636.
3 The value of the coefficient of friction between thefill and the reinforcing element shall be obtained byplotting the values of peak shear stress, obtained in thetests, against applied normal stress and by measuringthe slope of the resulting straight line graph. Theadhesion between the fill and the reinforcement shall beobtained by taking the shear stress corresponding withzero normal stress.
4 The following additional information shall berecorded for each test:
(i) Normal stress applied (kN/m²).
(ii) Peak shear stress (kN/m²).
(iii) Strain at peak shear stress (%).
(iv) Moisture content of fill after test(Classes 7B, 7C and 7D).
Anchor Elements
5 Where required in Appendix 6/1, tests shall becarried out as described therein to assess the interactionbetween the fill and the element.
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640 Determination of Permeability ofEarthworks Materials
1 Where required in Table 6/1 or Appendix 6/1 thepermeability of earthworks materials shall bedetermined as described in Appendix 6/1.
641 Determination of Available Lime Contentof Lime for Lime Stabilised Capping
1 (11/03) The available lime content of lime for limeor lime and cement stabilised capping to be determinedon Site shall be carried out as described inBS 6463 : Part 101 except that the sample incrementsshall be taken from the collecting tray used to check therate of spread at intervals of one increment per 500 m.
2 (11/03) The available lime content shall bedetermined as calcium oxide in accordance withBS 6463 : Part 102, Method 20, and the results reportedas:
Available lime (as CaO) = ......% by mass.
642 Determination of the Constrained SoilModulus (M*) of Earthworks Materials forCorrugated Steel Buried structures
General
1 When required in Appendix 6/1, the constrainedsoil modulus M* shall be determined by one of thefollowing methods:
(i) From plate loading tests in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9.
(ii) From the results of Standard Penetrationresistance tests (SPT) on non-cohesivematerials in accordance withBS 1377 : Part 9.
(iii) From the values of the coefficient of volumecompressibility (mv) from one-dimensionalconsolidation tests on undisturbed soilspecimens of cohesive materials, inaccordance with BS 1377 : Part 5.
Plate Loading Tests
2 When testing compacted granular fill materials thetest surface shall be prepared by either:
(i) removing the surface layer carefully usinghand tools to perform the test at a depth of100 mm below the surface; or
(ii) compacting the surface, after the requiredcompaction has been applied, with twoadditional passes with no vibration toremove the overstressing in the surface layer.
If necessary, the plate shall be bedded ontothe fill using a small quantity of dry sand toremove any slight unevenness of the surfaceof the fill. The field dry density and moisturecontent shall be determined at the position ofeach plate loading test in accordance withClause 612 and BS 1377 : Part 2 orequivalent, respectively.
3 When using the plate loading test to determine M*of the material existing on site a smooth surface shall beprepared by careful hand excavation and the platebedded onto the soil using either sand or quick settinggypsum plaster depending on whether the soil isgranular or cohesive.
4 (11/03) The loading test shall be carried out under aseries of maintained loads. The maximum load shall besuch that the average pressure applied to the plate is inexcess of 350 kN/m². The elastic modulus Es shall bedetermined as the secant modulus between averagepressures applied to the plate of 150 and 350 kN/m² inthe first load cycle. A value of Poisson’s ratio of 0.3shall be assumed. A second load cycle testing shall alsobe conducted and the results of this test compared withthe first load cycle to check that the plate was seatedsatisfactorily during the first load cycle. If the results ofthe first load cycle suggest that the plate was not seatedsatisfactorily, then the procedure shall be repeated at anew location. Second load cycle results shall not beused to demonstrate the adequacy of the material beingtested.
5 The constrained soil modulus M* shall bedetermined from the elastic modulus Es using theequation:
(1 - v)EsM* = ___________________ (N/mm2) (1 + v)(1 - 2v)
where v = Poisson’s ratio to be taken as 0.3
and Es = Elastic modulus of the soil (N/mm2)
Standard Penetration resistance Tests
6 The constrained soil modulus M* of non-cohesivematerials existing on site shall be determined from therelationship:
0.39N1.4
M* = ____________ (N/mm2) γm
Where N = uncorrected SPT value and γm = 1.3
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One-dimensional Consolidation Tests
7 TheconstrainedsoilmodulusM*ofundrainedcohesivematerialsexistingonsiteshallbedeterminedfromtheformula:
1 M*= (N/mm2) mv
wheremv(mm2/N)isthecoefficientofvolume
compressibility
Thevalueofmvtobeusedintheformulaisthatcalculatedfromthetestresultsfortheloadingincrementintheconsolidationtestcorrespondingtotheinsitueffectiveoverburdenpressureatthelevelofthecrownofthestructure.
Number of Tests
8 ThreetestsforM*shallbecarriedoutonthesoiloccurringoneachsideofthestructure,oneofwhichistobeatthelevelofthemaximumspan,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1.
643 (05/01) Lime and Cement Stabilisation to Form Capping
1 Wherecappingistoconsistof,eitherwhollyorinpart,limeandcementstabilisedmaterialClass9Eor9F,thisClauseshallapplytotheconstructionofthosepartswhicharestabilisedwithlimeandcement.
2 MaterialtobestabilisedwithlimeandcementshallbeClass6Ror7ImaterialallcomplyingwithClause601andTable6/1.
3 (11/09)Limeforlimeandcementstabilisationshall,asrequiredinAppendix6/7,beeitherquicklimeorhydratedlimecomplyingwithBSEN459-1.Quicklimeshallwhensievedhave100%passingaBS10mmsieveandatleast95%bymasspassingaBS5mmsieve.
4 TheContractorshallmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationforeachsourceoflimeareportofachemicalanalysisfor‘availablelime’madeinaccordancewithsub-Clause641.2.SuchreportsshallbesubmittedtotheOverseeingOrganisationpriortotheincorporationoflimeinthePermanentWorksatweeklyorotherintervalsdefinedinAppendix6/7duringperiodswhenlimeandcementstabilisationiscarriedout.
5 CementforlimeandcementstabilisationshallbePortlandcementcomplyingwithClause1001,unlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/7.
6 Classes6Rand7Imaterialtobestabilisedshallhaveaddedtoit,atanypoint,thepercentageofitsdry
weightoflimeandcementasdeterminedonthedemonstrationarea,tomeettherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1,subjecttoaminimumof1%byweightof‘availablelime’and2%cementasapercentageofthedryweightofthe6Rand7Imaterials.7 TheContractorshallnotcarryoutlimeandcementstabilisationwhentheshadetemperatureisbelow3°Cunlessonarisingthermometerabove0°C.Limeandcementstabilisationshallnotbecarriedoutduringperiodsofrainorwhenrainisimminent.Whencementisspreadonmateriallikelytocauseprematurehydration,processinginaccordancewithsub-Clause16ofthisClauseshallfollowimmediately.8 Limeofquantitycomplyingwithsub-Clause6ofthisClauseshallbeuniformlyspreadbyanapprovedspreadingmachineontopofthelayertobestabilised.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadbyweight,onceforevery500m2oflimespreadoradifferentrateoftestingfortherateofspreadasdescribedinAppendix6/7.AtthesametimetheContractorshallcollectsamplesoflimedepositedonthetrayandtestthemforavailablelimecontentinaccordancewithClause641.9 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialshallbestabilisedinasinglelayerifitscompactedthicknessis250mmorless.Ifitscompactedthicknessisgreater,thematerialshallbestabilisedinlayersnotlessthan130mmandnotmorethan250mmthick,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause13ofthisClause.10 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthelimebymeansofsufficientnumberofpassesofanapprovedmobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%oftheClass9Eor95%ofthesiltandclayfractionofClass9FprocessedmaterialpassesaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.11 (11/05)Duringprocessingsufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtoslakethequicklime(ifused)andtoenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.12 Thelayershallreceiveatleasttwopassesofthestabilisingmachinetopulveriseandmixthelimeandsoil,afterwhichtheprocessingshallbeinterruptedbyaperiodofnotlessthan24hoursandnotgreaterthan72hourstoenablethelimetoreactwiththesoil.Beforethisperiodcommencesthesurfaceofthelayershallbesealedwithonepassofasmoothwheeledrollerhavingamasspermetrewidthofrollofnotlessthan
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2700kgorapneumatictyredrollerofnotlessthan1000kgperwheel.Attheendofthisperiodthelayershallreceiveonefurtherpassofthestabilisingmachineormoreifrequiredtoenablethematerialtocomplywithsub-Clauses10ofthisClause.
13 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.
14 Theappropriatequantityofcementshallbeuniformlyspread,byasuitablespreadingmachine,ontopofthelayerpreviouslyprocessedwithlime.UsingacollectingtrayandbalancetheContractorshallchecktherateofspreadofthemachineonceforevery500m2ofcementspread.
15 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialpreviouslymixedwithlimeshallbestabilisedwithcementinasinglelayerorinlayersofthesamecompactedthicknessasforthelimemixedmateriallayers,includinganycutting-inrequiredbysub-Clause13ofthisClause.
16 UnlessindicatedotherwiseinAppendix6/7,thematerialformingthelayertobestabilisedshallbeprocessedbypulverisingandmixinginthecementbymeansofasufficientnumberofpassesofanapprovedmobilestabilisingmachineuntil95%ofthesiltandclayfractionisreducedtoparticlesorlumpspassingaBS28mmsieveafterdrysievingandthepulverisationcomplieswithTable6/1.
17 (11/05)Duringprocessing,sufficientwatershallbeavailableinthematerialtohydratethecementandenablesatisfactorymixingandcompactiontobeachieved.Anyaddedwatershallbethroughanintegralspray-baronthestabilisingmachine.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
18 Thestabilisingmachineshallbeequippedwithadeviceforcontrollingthedepthofprocessingwhichshallbemaintainedatthecorrectsettingatalltimes.Anoverlapof150mmshallbemadebetweenadjacentpassesofthestabilisingmachine.Whereasubsequentlayerofmaterialisplacedonalayerpreviouslystabilisedthetinesorbladesofthestabilisingmachineshallbesetsothattheycutintothepreviouslystabilisedlayerbelowbyatleast20mm.
19 (11/05)EachlayerofClass9Eor9Fprocessedmaterialshallbecompactedassoonaspossibleafterthe
finalpassofthestabilisingmachine.Compactionshallbecompletedwithin2hoursfollowingthemixingofthecementintothematerialtobestabilised.ImmediatelybeforecompactionClass9EprocessedmaterialshallhaveaMoistureConditionValue(MCV)ofnotgreaterthan12norlessthanthefigurestatedinAppendix6/1bothasdeterminedinaccordancewithClause632.WatershallbeaddedifnecessaryinauniformmannertoenablethisMCVrequirementtobemet.Anyaddedwatershallhaveasulfatecontentnotexceeding1400mg/lasSO4whentestedinaccordancewithTestNo.1ofTRLReport447.
20 ThecompactionofeachlayerofClass9Eor9FmaterialshallcomplywithClause612,Table6/4Method7,exceptthatiflayersofClass9Eor9Fgreaterthan250mmthicknessaretobeconstructed,thenumberofpassesofthecompactionplantshallbedeterminedfromtheresultsofademonstrationareaasdetailedinAppendix6/7.
21 Class9Eand9FmaterialsshallbecuredinaccordancewithClause1035.Duringperiodswhentheairtemperatureisforecasttodropbelow3°CorwhengroundfrostisforecastClass9Eand9Fmaterialshallbeprotected,topreventfreezing,foraperiodof7daysfromthetimeofcompletionofcompaction.Suchprotectionshallbesealedtopreventtheingressofmoisture.
22 Class9Eand9FmaterialsshallnothaveothermaterialdepositedorcompactedabovethemuntilsuchtimeastherequiredbearingratioinAppendix6/1hasbeenachieved.Therelaxationallowedinsub-Clause617.2shallnotapplybeforethistime.
(11/03) 644 Determination of sulfate content
1 WhererequiredinTable6/1orAppendix6/1,theeffectsofwater-solublesulfate,oxidisablesulfidesandtotalpotentialsulfateshallbeassessedinaccordancewithTRLReport447,TestNos.1to5.
2 TestresultsandlimitingvaluesforsulfateshallbegivenasSO4.FurtherinformationonsulfurcompoundsisgiveninNG644.
3 (11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandTPS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
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Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
1 A - Well graded General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 1 A -granular material materials, other than material designated
as Class 3 in the Contract. (Properties (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -(i), (ii) and (iv) in next column, shall not coefficientapply to chalk). Recycled aggregate
(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(v) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1
1 B - Uniformly graded General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 1 B -granular material materials, other than chalk. Recycled
aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10coefficient
(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
1 C - Coarse granular General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 5 1 C -material materials, other than material designated
as Class 3 in the Contract. (Properties (i) (ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 -and (ii) in next column, shall not apply coefficientto chalk). Recycled aggregate
(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient
Lower Upper
GENERAL
GRANULAR
FILL
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes)
ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612
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Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
2 A - Wet cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 1 2 A -material materials, other than chalk. except for materials
(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : part 2 - - with liquid limit(PL) greater than 50,
determined by(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 PL -4% App 6/1 BS1377 : Part 2, only
deadweight tamping or(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1 vibratory tamping
rollers or grid rollers(v) Undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1 shall be used.shear strength ofremoulded material
2 B - Dry cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 2 B -material materials, other than chalk
(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - -(PL)
(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 PL -4%
(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(v) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1strength ofremoulded material
Lower
GENERAL
COHESIVE
FILL
Upper
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2 C - Stony cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 2 C -material materials, other than chalk
(ii) plastic limit BS 1377 : part 2 - -(PL)
(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 -
(v) Undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 -shear strength ofremoulded material
2 D - Silty cohesive General Fill Any material, or combination of (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 2 D -material materials, other than chalk
(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iv) undrained Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1shear strength ofremoulded material
2 E - Reclaimed General Fill Reclaimed material from lagoon or (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 To enable End product 95% of 2 E -pulverised fuel ash stockpile containing not more than 20% compaction to maximum dry densitycohesive material furnace bottom ash Clause 612 of BS 1377 : Part 4
(2.5 kg rammer(ii) bulk density BS 1377 : Part 9 App 6/1 App 6/1 method)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
GENERAL
COHESIVE
FILL
Upper
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3 - - Chalk General Fill Chalk and associated materials all (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1 Tab 6/4 Method 4, or 3 - -designated as Class 3 in the Contract Method 1 if required
(ii) IDD Clause 634 App 6/1 App 6/1 in App 6/1. All typesof vibratory rollers ofCategories over1800 kg shall not beused
4 - - Various Fill to landscape See App 6/1 (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1 See Clause 620 and 4 - -areas App 6/1
(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1
(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
5 A - Topsoil, or turf, Topsoiling Topsoil or turf designated as Class 5A in (i) grading Clause 618 - Clause - 5 A -existing on site the Contract 618
5 B - Imported topsoil Topsoiling General purpose grade complying with - - - - - 5 B -BS 3882
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
GEN
CHALK
FILL
LANDSCAPE
FILL
TOPSOIL
Upper
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6 A - Selected well Below water Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 No compaction 6 A -graded granular gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,
chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5combination thereof. (Properties (i) and (Off-site)(ii) in next column, shall not apply tchalk.) Recycled aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -
(iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%index
(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic
6 B - Selected coarse Starter layer Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 5 6 B -granular material gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)
chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag orany combination thereof. (Properties BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5(ii) and (iii) in next column, shall not (Off-site)apply to chalk.) Recycled aggregate
(ii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic
(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
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GRANULAR
FILL
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6 C - Selected uniformly Starter layer Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 6 C -graded granular gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,
chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag or BS EN 933-2 Table 6/5 Tab 6/5any combination thereof. (Property (iii) (Off-site)in next column, shall not apply tochalk.) Recycled aggregate (ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10
coefficient
(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic
(iv) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 50coefficient
(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
6 D - Selected uniformly Starter layer below Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 4 6 D -graded granular pulverised fuel ash gravel, crushed rock other than (On-site)material argillaceous rock, crushed concrete,
chalk, well burnt colliery spoil, slag or BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5any combination thereof. Recycled (Off-site)aggregate
(ii) uniformity See Note 5 - 10coefficient
(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 Non-plastic
(iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612
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TABLE 6/1:(11/08)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 E - Selectedgranularmaterial(Class9A)
Forstabilisationwithcementtoformcapping
Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials,otherthanunburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock.(Properties(i),(ii)and(iii)innextcolumn,shallnotapplytochalk.)Recycledaggregate
(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)
Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Notapplicable 6 E -
BSEN933-2(Off-site)
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(ii)mc BS1377:Part2 - App6/1(iii)liquidlimit BS1377:Part2 - 45(iv)plasticityindex BS1377:Part2 - 20(v)organicmatter BS1377:Part3 - App6/1(vi)watersoluble(WS)sulfatecontent
TRLReport477,TestNo.1
- 3000mg/lasSO4
(vii)oxidisablesulfides(OS)content
TRLReport477,TestsNo.2and4
- 0.6%asSO4
(viii)SMCofchalk Clause634 20%
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TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 F 1 Selectedgranularmaterial(finegrading)
Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.
Property(vi)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.
(i)grading BS1377:Part2 Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 1(ii)optimummc BS1377:Part4
(vibratinghammermethod)
- -
(iii)mc BS1377:Part2 Optimummc-2%
Optimummc
(iv)LosAngelescoefficient
Clause635 - 60
(v)ClassRa(asphalt)content
Clause710 - 50%
(vi)bitumencontent
BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39
- 2.0%
6 F 2 Selectedgranularmaterial(coarsegrading)
Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock.
Property(i)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplytochalk.
Property(vi)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.
(i)grading BS1377:Part2 Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 2(ii)optimummc BS1377:Part4
(vibratinghammermethod)
- -
(iii)mc BS1377:Part2 Optimummc-2%
Optimummc
(iv)LosAngelescoefficient
Clause635 - 50
(v)ClassRa(asphalt)content
Clause710 - 50%
(vi)bitumencontent
BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39
- 2.0%
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TABLE 6/1:(11/09)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 F 3 Selectedgranularmaterial
Capping Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterialswithnotlessthan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoilandargillaceousrock
(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)
Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method6MaximumCompactedlayerthicknessshallbe200mm
6 F 3
BSEN933-2(Off-site)
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(ii)optimummc Clause613 - -(iii)mc Clause613 Optimum
mc-2%Optimummc
(iv)ClassRa(asphalt)content
Clause710 50%
(v)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39
- 10%
6 F 4 Selectedgranularmaterial(finegrading)
-importedontotheSite
Capping UnboundmixturecomplyingwithBSEN13285.
Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.
Property(x)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.
(i)Sizedesignationandoverallgradingcategory
BSEN13285-0/31.5andGE
Tab6/5 Tab6/5 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 4
(ii)Maximumfinesandoversizecategories
BSEN13285-UF15andOC75
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(iii)LosAngelescoefficient
BSEN13242-LA60
- 60
(iv)Volumestabilityofblastfurnaceslag
BSEN13242-freefromdicalciumsilicateandirondisintegration
- -
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Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 F 4 (contd) (v)Volumestabilityofsteel(BOF)andEAF)slag
BSEN13242-V5
- -
(vi)Otheraggregaterequirements
BSEN13242-CategoryNR(norequirement)
- -
(vii)Laboratorydrydensityandoptimumwatercontent
BSEN13285,clause5.3-declaredvalues
- -
(viii)Watercontent BSEN1097-5 Optimumwc--2%
Optimumwc
(ix)ClasRa(asphalt)content
Clause710 - 50%
(x)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39
- 2.0%
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Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 F 5 Selectedgranularmaterial(coarsegrading)
-importedontotheSite
Capping UnboundmixturecomplyingwithBSEN13285.
Anymaterial,orcombinationofmaterials-includingrecycledaggregateswithnotmorethan50%bymassofrecycledbituminousplaningsandgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialsthatcontaintarandtar-bitumenbinders,unburntcollieryspoil,argillaceousrockandchalk.
Property(x)inthenextcolumnshallnotapplyiftheClassRa(asphalt)contentofanyrecycledaggregateis20%orless.
(i)Sizedesignationandoverallgradingcategory
BSEN13285-0/80andGE
Tab6/5 Tab6/5 Tab6/4Method6 6 F 5
(ii)Maximumfinesandoversizecategories
BSEN13285-UF12andOC75
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(iii)LosAngelescoefficient
BSEN13242-LA50
- 50
(iv)Volumestabilityofblastfurnaceslag
BSEN13242-freefromdicalciumsilicateandirondisintegration
- -
(v)Volumestabilityofsteel(BOF)andEAF)slag
BSEN13242-V5
- -
(vi)Otheraggregaterequirements
BSEN13242-CategoryNR(norequirement)
- -
(vii)Laboratorydrydensityandoptimumwatercontent
BSEN13285,clause5.3-declaredvalues
- -
(viii)Watercontent BSEN1097-5 Optimumwc--2%
Optimumwc
(ix)ClasRa(asphalt)content
Clause710 - 50%
(x)bitumencontent BSEN12697-1orBSEN12697-39
- 2.0%
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TABLE 6/1:(11/05)Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower UpperSELECTEDGRANULARFILL
6 G - Selectedgranularmaterial
Gabionfilling Naturalgravel,crushedrock,crushedconcreteoranycombinationthereof.Noneoftheseconstituentsshallincludeanyargillaceousrock..
(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)
Tab6/2 Tab6/2 None 6 G -
BSEN933-2(Off-site)
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(ii)LosAngelescoefficient
Clause635 - 50
6 H - Selectedgranularmaterial
Drainagelayertoreinforcedsoilandanchoredearthstructures
Naturalgravel,naturalsand,crushedgravel,crushedrock,crushedconcrete,chalk,wellburntcollieryspoiloranycombinationthereof.Noneoftheseconstituentsshallincludeanyargillaceousrock.(Properties(vi),(vii),(viii),(ix),(x),(xi)and(xii)innextcolumnonlyapplywhenmetallicreinforcingoranchorelements,facingunitsorfasteningsareused.)(Properties(ii)and(v)innextcolumnshallnotapplytochalk.)Recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt
(i)grading BS1377:Part2(On-site)
Tab6/2 Tab6/2 Tab6/4Method3 6 H -
BSEN933-2(Off-site)
Tab6/5 Tab6/5
(ii)plasticityindex BS1377:Part2 Non-plastic(iii)LosAngelescoefficient
Clause635 - 50
(iv)mc BS1377:Part2 App6/1 App6/1(v)MCV Clause632 App6/1 App6/1
(vi)pHvalue BS1377:Part3 Tab6/3 Tab6/3
(vii)chlorideioncontent
BSEN1744-1 - Tab6/3
(viii)watersoluble(WS)sulfatecontent
TRLReport447,TestsNo.1
- Tab6/3
(ix)oxidisablesulfides(OS)content
TRLReport447,TestsNos.2and4
- Tab6/3
(x)restivity Clause637 Tab6/3 -
(xi)redoxpotential Clause638 Tab6/3 -
(xii)organiccontent
BS1377:Part3 - Tab6/3
(xiii)microbialactivityindex
Table6/3 - Tab6/3
Volume 1
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Series 600Earthw
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6 I - Selected well Fill to reinforced Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 6 I -graded granular soil and anchored gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)material earth structures slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any
combination thereof except that chalk BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5shall not be combined with any other (Off-site)constituent. None of these constituentsshall include any argillaceous rock. (ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -(Properties (i), (ii) and (v) in next column coefficientshall not apply to chalk.) (Properties (viii),(ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii) and (xiv) only (iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%apply when metallic reinforcing or anchorelements, facing units or fastenings are (iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1used.) Recycled aggregate exceptrecycled asphalt (v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(vi) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -friction (ϕ') andeffective cohesion (c')
(vii) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesion(fill/elements)
(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3
(ix) chloride ion content BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3
(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1
(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4
(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -
(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -
(xiv) organic content BS 1377 : Part 3 - Tab 6/3
(xv) microbial Table 6/3 - Tab 6/3activity index
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
Upper
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6 J - Selected uniformly Fill to reinforced Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 3 6 J -graded granular soil and anchored gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, (On-site)material earth slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any
combination thereof, except that chalk BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5shall not be combined with any other (Off-site)constituent. None of these constituentsshall include any argillaceous rock. (ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 10(Properties (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii) coefficientand (xiv) in next column only apply whenmetallic reinforcing or anchor elements, (iii) SMC of chalk Clause 634 - 20%facing units or fastenings are used.)(Properties (i), (ii) and (v) in next column (iv) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1shall not apply to chalk.) Recycledaggregate except recycled asphalt (v) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(vi) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -friction (ϕ') andeffective cohesion (c')
(vii) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesion(fill/elements)
(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3
(ix) chloride ion content BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3
(x) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfate content Test No. 1
(xi) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(OS) content Tests Nos 2 and 4
(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -
(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -
(xiv) organic content BS 1377 : Part 3 - Tab 6/3
(xv) microbial Table 6/3 - Tab 6/3activity index44
Am
endment - N
ovember 2007
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
Upper
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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45A
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buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof. of BS 1377 : Part 4None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (Vibrating hammerargillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site) method)except recycled asphalt
(ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 -coefficient
(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 6
(iv) optimum mc BS 1377 : Part 4 - -(vibrating hammermethod)
(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 Optimum Optimummc -2% mc +1%
(vi) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(vii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient
(viii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm
(ix) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - 300 mg/lsulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4
(x) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - 0.06% as(OS) content Tests Nos 2 and 4 SO4
(xi) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content
(xii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9
(xiii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening
inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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46
6 L - Selected uniformly Upper bedding for Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 None 6 L -graded granular corrugated steel crushed rock, crushed concrete, well burnt (On-site)material buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof.
None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5argillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site)except recycled asphalt
(ii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm
(iii) water soluble TRL Report 447, - 300 mg/l(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4
(iv) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - 0.06% assulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4 SO4
(v) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content
(vi) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9
(vii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening
inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
Upper
FILL
Am
endment - N
ovember 2007
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
Volume 1
Specification for Highw
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Series 600Earthw
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47A
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6 M - Selected granular Surround to Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 90% of 6 M -material corrugated steel crushed rock, crushed concrete, well burnt (On-site) maximum dry density
buried structures colliery spoil or any combination thereof. of BS 1377 : Part 4None of these constituents shall include any BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (Vibrating hammerargillaceous rock. Recycled aggregate (Off-site) method) unlessexcept recycled asphalt otherwsie stated in
(ii) uniformity See Note 5 5 - App 6/1coefficient
(iii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 6
(iv) optimum mc BS 1377 : Part 4 - -(vibrating hammermethod)
(v) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 Optimum Optimummc -2% mc +1%
(vi) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(vii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient
(viii) resistivity Clause 637 2000 ohm -cm
(ix) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447 - 300 mg/lsulfate content Test No. 1 as SO4
(x) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447 - 0.06% as(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4 SO4
(xi) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%content
(xii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9
(xiii) sulfide and Standard textbook - Rapidhydrogen sulfide of qualitative blackening
inorganic analysis of leadacetatepaper
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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Series 600Earthw
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6 N - Selected well graded Fill to structures Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 95% of 6 N -granular material crushed rock, crushed concrete, slag, well (On-site) maximum dry density of
burnt colliery spoil or any combination BS 1377 : Part 4thereof. None of these constituents shall BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5 (vibrating hammerinclude any argillaceous rock. Recycled (Off-site) method)aggregate except recycled asphalt
(ii) uniformity See Note 5 10 -coefficient
(iii) Los Angeles Clause 635 - 40coefficient
(iv) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 -parameters (c and ϕ)
(v) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')
(vi) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -
(vii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(viii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(ix) slope stability Clause 610 App 6/6test (where requiredin App 6/6)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Am
endment - N
ovember 2007 Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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Am
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ovember 2007
49
TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower Upper
S E L E C T E D G R A N U L A R F I L L
6 P - Selected granular material
Fill to structures
Natural gravel, natural sand, crushed gravel, crushed rock, crushed concrete, slag, chalk, well burnt colliery spoil or any combination thereof. None of these constituents shall include any argillaceous rock. (Properties (i), (ii) and (ix) in next column shall not apply to chalk.) Recycled aggregate except recycled asphalt
(i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 (On-site)
Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product 95% of maximum dry density of BS 1377 : Part 4 (vibrating hammer method)
6 P -
BS EN 933-2 (Off-site)
Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5
(ii) uniformity coefficient
See Note 5 5 -
(iii) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1(iv) Los Angeles coefficient
Clause 635 - 60
(v) undrained shear parameters (c and j)
Clause 633 App 6/1 -
(vi) effective angle of internal friction (j’) and effective cohesion (c’)
Clause 636 App 6/1 -
(vii) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -
(viii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(ix) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(x) slope stability test (where required in App 6/6)
Clause 610 App 6/6
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Am
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ovember 2008
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TABLE 6/1: (11/08) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
Class General Material Description
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject to Requirements of Clause 601 and Appendix 6/1)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (In Addition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials in Clause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Compaction Requirements in Clause 612
Class
Property (See Exceptions in Previous Column)
Defined and Tested in Accordance with:
Acceptable Limits Within:
Lower Upper S E L E C T E D G R A N U L A R F I L L
6 Q - Well graded uniformly graded or coarse granular material
Overlying fill for corrugated steel buried structures
As Class 1A, 1B or 1C granular fill materials, but not to include argillaceous rock, slag or PFA in any proportions. Recycled aggregate except recycled asphalt
As for Class 1A, 1B or 1C with the addition of the following:
6 Q -
(i) water soluble (WS) sulfate content
TRL Report 447, Test No. 1
- 300 mg/l as SO4
(ii) oxidisable sulfides (OS) content
TRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 2 and 4
- 0.06% as SO4
(iii) chloride ion content
BS EN 1744-1 - 0.025%
(iv) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 6 9
(v) sulfide and hydrogen sulfide
Standard textbook of qualitative inorganic analysis
- Rapid blackening of lead acetate paper
6 R - Selected granular material
For stabilisation with lime and cement to form capping (Class 9F)
Any material, or combination of materials, other than unburnt colliery spoil and argillaceous rock. (Properties (i), (ii) and (iii) in text column, shall not apply to chalk.)
(i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 (On-site)
Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 6 R -
BS EN 933-2 (Off-site)
Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5
(ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 -
(iii) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45
(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 20
(v) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1
(vi) water soluble (WS) sulfate content
TRL Report 447, Test No. 1
- 3000 mg/l as SO4
(vii) oxidisable sulfides (OS) content
TRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 2 and 4
- 0.6% as SO4
(viii) IDD of chalk Clause 634 - App 6/1
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6 S - Selected well graded Filter layer below Crushed rock or sand (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 - 6 S -granular material subbase (On-site)
BS EN 933-2 Tab 6/5 Tab 6/5(Off-site)
(ii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - Non-plastic
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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SELECTED
GRANULAR
FILL
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TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
7 A - Selected cohesive Fill to structures Any material or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 End product: 100% of 7 A -material other than argillaceous rock and materials maximum dry density of
designated as Class 3 in the Contract. If chalk (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1 BS 1377 : Part 4 (2.5 kgis used it shall form 100% of constituents. rammer method) or a(Properties (i) and (iii) shall not apply to (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1 dry density correspondingchalk.) (Properties (vii) and (viii) may be to 5% air voids at field mcincreased to 54% and 31% respectively for (iv) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 App 6/1 whichever is lowerLias Clay only and subject to the parameters (c and ϕ)requirements of Appendix 6/6)
(v) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 App 6/1internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')
(vi) IDD of chalk Clause 634 App 6/1 App 6/1
(vii) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45
(viii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
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ovember 2007
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TABLE 6/1: Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
7 B - Selected conditioned Fill to structures and Conditioned material direct from power (i) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 To enable compaction End product: 95% of 7 B -pulverised fuel ash to reinforced soil station dust collection system and to which a to Clause 612 maximum dry density ofcohesive material controlled quantity of water has been added BS 1377 : Part 4 (2.5 kg
(ii) bulk density BS 1377 : Part 9 App 6/1 App 6/1 rammer method)
(iii) undrained shear Clause 633 App 6/1 -parameters (c and ϕ)
(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')
(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)
(vi) permeability Clause 640 App 6/1 -
(vii) slope stability Clause 610 App 6/6test (where requiredin App 6/6)
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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ovember 2007
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TABLE 6/1: (05/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
7 C - Selected wet Fill to reinforced Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 1 7 C -cohesive material soil other than unburnt colliery spoil,
argillaceous rock and chalk. (Properties (viii), (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1(ix), (x), (xi) and (xii) in next column onlyapply when metallic reinforcing elements, (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1facing units or fastenings are used)
(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')
(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)
(vi) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45
(vii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25
(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3
(ix) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3content
(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1
(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4
(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -
(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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ovember 2007
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TABLE 6/1: (05/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
7 D - Selected stony Fill to reinforced Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/4 Method 2 7 D -cohesive material soil other than unburnt colliery spoil,
argillaceous rock and chalk. (Properties (vi), (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1(vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi) and (xii) in nextcolumn only apply when metallic reinforcing (iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1elements, facing units or fastenings are used)
(iv) effective angle of Clause 636 App 6/1 -internal friction (ϕ')and effectivecohesion (c')
(v) coefficient of Clause 639 App 6/1 -friction and adhesiion(fill/elements)
(vi) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45
(vii) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 25
(viii) pH value BS 1377 : Part 3 Tab 6/3 Tab 6/3
(ix) chloride ion BS EN 1744-1 - Tab 6/3content
(x) water soluble TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3(WS) sulfate content Test No. 1
(xi) oxidisable TRL Report 447, - Tab 6/3sulfides (OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4
(xii) resistivity Clause 637 Tab 6/3 -
(xiii) redox potential Clause 638 Tab 6/3 -
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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ovember 2007
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TABLE 6/1: (11/03) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Am
endment - N
ovember 2007 7 E - Selected cohesive For stabilisation with Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 7 D -material lime to form capping other than unburnt colliery spoil
(Class 9D) (ii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 - App 6/1
(iii) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 -
(iv) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 10 -
(v) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1
(vi) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate content Test No. 1
(vii) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - App 6/1(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4
(viii) total potential TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate (TPS) content Test No. 4
7 F - Selected silty For stabilisation with Any material, or combination of materials, (i) grading BS 1377 : Part 2 Tab 6/2 Tab 6/2 Not applicable 7 F -cohesive material cement to form other than chalk, unburnt colliery spoil
capping (Class 9B) and argillaceous rock (ii) uniformity coefficient See Note 5 5 -
(iii) mc BS 1377 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
(iv) MCV Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
(v) liquid limit BS 1377 : Part 2 - 45
(vi) plasticity index BS 1377 : Part 2 - 20
(vii) organic matter BS 1377 : Part 3 - App 6/1
(viii) water soluble (WS) TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate content Test No. 1
(ix) oxidisable sulfides TRL Report 447, - App 6/1(OS) content Tests Nos. 2 and 4
(x) total potential TRL Report 447, - App 6/1sulfate (TPS) content Test No. 4
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Class
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TABLE 6/1: (11/05) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
App 6/1
3000mg/l asSO4
0.6%as SO4
1.2% asSO4
300 mg/las SO4
0.06%as SO4
0.025%
9
BS 1377 : Part 2
TRL Report 447,Test No. 1
TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4
TRL Report 447,Test No. 4
TRL Report 447,Test No. 1
TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4
BS EN 1744-1
BS 1377 : Part 3
App 6/1
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
(i) mc
(ii) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent
(iii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content
(iv) total potentialsulfate (TPS)content
(i) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent
(ii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content
(iii) chloride ioncontent
(iv) pH value
7 G - Selectedconditionedpulverised fuel ashcohesive material
For stabilisationwith cement toform capping(Class 9C)
Conditioned material direct from powerstation dust collection system and towhich a controlled quantity of water hasbeen added
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Not applicable
Class
7 G -
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
Am
endment - N
ovember 2007
As for Class 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D or 3 with the addition of the 7 H -following
As Class 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D generalcohesive fill material or Class 3 chalkfill material, except that argillaceousrock, slag, PFA or any combinationthereof shall not be used
Overlying fill forcorrugated steelburied structures
7 H - Wet, dry, stony orsilty cohesivematerial and chalk
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Tab 6/2
App 6/1
-
-
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
BS 1377 : Part 2
BS 1377 : Part 2
Clause 632
BS 1377 : Part 2
BS 1377 : Part 3
TRL Report 447,Test No. 1
TRL Report 447,Tests Nos. 2 and 4
TRL Report 447,Test No. 4
Tab 6/2
-
App 6/1
10
-
-
-
-
(i) grading
(ii) mc
(iii) MCV
(iv) plasticityindex
(v) organic matter
(vi) water soluble(WS) sulfatecontent
(vii) oxidisablesulfides (OS)content
(viii) total potentialsulfate (TPS)content
7 I - Selected cohesivematerial
For stabilisationwith lime andcement to formcapping (Class 9E)
Any material, or combination ofmaterials, other than unburnt collieryspoil
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
SELECTED
COHESIVE
FILL
Not applicable
Class
7 I
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
TABLE 6/1: (11/03) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
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TABLE 6/1: Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
BS 1377 : Part 2
Clause 632
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
Clause 632
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924 : Part 2
Clause 632
BS 1924 : Part 2
BS 1924: Part 2
App 6/1
App 6/1
60%
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
60%
App 6/1
30%
App 6/1
App 6/1
App 6/1
(i) mc
(ii) MCV
(i) pulverisation
(ii) bearing ratio
(iii) mc
(i) pulverisation
(ii) MCVimmediatelybefore compaction
(iii) bearing ratio
(iv) mc
(i) pulverisation
(ii) bearing ratio
(iii) mc
(i) pulverisation
(ii) MCVimmediatelybefore compaction
(iii) bearing ratio
(iv) mc
8
9
9
9
9
-
A
B
C
D
-
-
-
-
-
Class 1, Class 2 orClass 3 material
Cement stabilisedwell gradedgranular material
Cement stabilisedsilty cohesivematerial
Cement stabilisedconditionedpulverised fuel ashcohesive material
Lime stabilisedcohesive material
Lower trench fill
Capping
Capping
Capping
Capping
Any; except there shall not be anystones or lumps of clay >40 mmnominal diameter. Recycled aggregate
Class 6E with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614
Class 7F with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614
Class 7G with addition of cementaccording to Clause 614
Class 7E with addition of limeaccording to Clause 615
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subject toRequirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (Seeexceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower
MISC
STABILISED
MATERIALS
FILL
To enable compactionto Clause 612
App 6/1
App 6/1
-
-
App 6/1
-
12
-
App 6/1
-
-
-
App 6/1
-
App 6/1
Upper
Tab 6/4
Tab 6/4 Method 6
Tab 6/4 Method 7
End product 95% ofmaximum dry density ofBS 1924 : Part 2 (2.5 kgrammer method)
Tab 6/4 Method 7
Class
8
9
9
9
9
-
A
B
C
D
CompactionRequirements inClause 612
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TABLE 6/1: (11/04) Acceptable Earthworks Materials: Classification and Compaction Requirements (See footnotes) (continued)
9 E - Lime and cement Capping Class 7I with addition of lime and (i) pulverisation BS 1924 : Part 2 30% - Tab 6/4 Method 7 9 E -stabilised cohesive cement according to Clause 643material (ii) MCV immediately Clause 632 App 6/1 App 6/1
before completion
(iii) bearing ratio BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 -
(iv) mc BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
9 F - Lime and cement Capping Class 6R with addition of lime and (i) pulverisation BS 1924 : Part 2 60% - Tab 6/4 Method 6 9 F -stabilised well cement according to Clause 643graded granular (ii) bearing ratio BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 -material
(iii) mc BS 1924 : Part 2 App 6/1 App 6/1
Material Properties Required for Acceptability (InAddition to Requirements on Use of Fill Materials inClause 601 and Testing in Clause 631)
Class GeneralMaterialDescription
Typical Use Permitted Constituents (All Subjectto Requirements of Clause 601 andAppendix 6/1)
Acceptable LimitsWithin:
Defined andTested inAccordancewith:
Property (SeeExceptions inPrevious Column)
Lower Upper
STABILISED
ClassCompactionRequirements inClause 612
MATERIALS
Footnotes to Table 6/1
1. App = Appendix2. Tab = Table3. Where in the Acceptable Limits column reference is made to App 6/1,
only those properties having limits ascribed to them in Appendix 6/1shall apply. Where Appendix 6/1 gives limits for other properties notlisted in this Table such limits shall also apply.
4. (05/04) Where BS 1377 : Part 2 is specified for mc, this shall mean BS 1377 : Part 2or BS EN 1097-5 as appropriate.
5. Uniformity coefficient is defined as the ratio of the particle diameters D60 to D10 onthe particle-size distribution curve, where:D60 = particle diameter at which 60% of the soil by weight is finerD10 = particle diameter at which 10% of the soil by weight is finer
6. (11/04) The limiting values for Class U1B material are given in Appendix 6/14 andAppendix 6/15.
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TABLE 6/2: (05/04) Grading Requirements for Acceptable Earthworks Materials Other Than Classes 6F4, 6F5 and 6SPercentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown
Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Size Class(mm) BS Series BS Series (micr-
ons)
500 300 125 90 75 37.5 28 20 14 10 6.3 5 3.35 2 1.18 600 300 150 63 2
1A 100 95-100 <15 1A
1B 100 <15 1B
1C 100 10-95 0-25 <15 1C
2A & 100 80-100 15-100 2A &2B 2B
2C 100 15-80 15-80 2C
2D 100 80-100 0-20 2D
6A 100 0-100 0-85 0-45 0-5 6A
6B 100 0-10 6B
6C 100 0-100 0-100 0-35 0-10 0-2 6C
6D 100 89-100 60-100 30-100 15-80 5-48 0-15 6Dexcept0-20for
crushedrock
6E & 100 85-100 25-100 10-100 <15 6E &6R 2R
6F1 100 75-100 40-95 30-85 10-50 <15 6F1
6F2 100 80-100 65-100 45-100 15-60 10-45 0-25 0-12 6F2
6F3 100 80-100 65-100 45-100 15-60 10-45 0-25 0-12 6F3
6H 100 60-100 15-45 0-25 0-5 6H
6I & 100 85-100 25-100 15-100 9-100 <15 6I &6J 6J
6K 100 0-10 6K
6L 100 89-100 60-100 30-100 15-100 5-70 0-15 6Lexcept0-20for
crushedrock
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Percentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown
Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Size Class(mm) BS Series BS Series (micr-
ons)
500 300 125 90 75 37.5 28 20 14 10 6.3 5 3.35 2 1.18 600 300 150 63 2
6M 100 0-10 6M
6N & 100 <15 6N &6P 6P
6S 100 60-100 30-90 4-45 0-16 6S
7A 100 15-100 7A
7C 100 85-100 83-100 80-100 60-100 15-45 0-20 7C
7D 100 85-100 40-90 15-79 15-75 15-45 0-20 7D
7E 100 95-100 15-100 7E
7F 100 15-100 7F
7I 100 95-100 15-100 7I
TABLE 6/2: (11/05) Grading Requirements for Acceptable Earthworks Materials (continued)
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TABLE 6/3: (11/05) Limits of Material Properties of Fill for Use With Metal Components in Reinforced Soiland Anchored Earth Structures for Class 6H, 6I, 6J, 7C and 7D Materials
Reinforcing Properties of FillElement Max Max Organic Max Water Maximum Minimum Minimum MicrobialMaterial pH Value Chloride Content Soluble (WS) Oxidisable Resistivity Redox Activity
Ion Content Sulfate Sulfides Ohm.cm Potential Index% Content (OS) volts
Min Max % mg/l as SO4 Content% as SO4
Galvanised 5 10 0.02 0.2 300 0.06 5000 0.40 )Steel )
) Less than 5Stainless 5 10 0.025 0.2 600 0.12 3000 0.35 )Steel )
NOTES:
1 A method of calculating the Microbial ActivityIndex may be obtained by reference to TRRLContractor Report 54 ‘Soil Corrosivity Assessment’.
2 (11/03) The corrosion potential of frictional fill shallbe assessed from resistivity, pH, chloride, water solublesulfate and oxidisable sulfides tests. For cohesive soil itwill be necessary to test additionally for organiccontent. Should either organic content or sulfate be inexcess of the specified levels, then tests shall also beincluded for Redox Potential and Microbial ActivityIndex. Further information may be obtained byreference to TRRL Contractor Report 54.
3 (11/03) The water soluble sulfate content andoxidisable sulfides content shall be determined inaccordance with the methods described inTRL Report 447, Tests Nos. 1, 2 and 4.
4 (11/03) Methods of test (except for MicrobialActivity Index, water soluble sulfate content andoxidisable sulfides content) are given inBS 1377 : Part 3.
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Type of Compaction Plant Ref Category Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6No.
D N# D N# D N# D N D N N for N for N forD = 110 mm D = 150 mm D = 250 mm
Smoothed wheeled roller (or Mass per metre width of roll:vibratory roller operating 1 over 2100 kg up to 2700 kg 125 8 125 10 125 10* 175 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitablewithout vibration) 2 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg 125 6 125 8 125 8* 200 4 unsuitable 16 unsuitable unsuitable
3 over 5400 kg 150 4 150 8 unsuitable 300 4 unsuitable 8 16 unsuitable
Grid roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg 150 10 unsuitable 150 10 250 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 5400 kg up to 8000 kg 150 8 125 12 unsuitable 325 4 unsuitable 20 unsuitable unsuitable3 over 8000 kg 150 4 150 12 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable 12 20 unsuitable
Deadweight tamping Mass per metre width of roll:roller 1 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 225 4 150 12 250 4 350 4 unsuitable 12 20 unsuitable
2 over 6000 kg 300 5 200 12 300 3 400 4 unsuitable 8 12 20
Pneumatic-tyred Mass per wheel:roller 1 over 1000 kg up to 1500 kg 125 6 unsuitable 150 10* 240 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable
2 over 1500 kg up to 2000 kg 150 5 unsuitable unsuitable 300 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 2000 kg up to 2500 kg 175 4 125 12 unsuitable 350 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable4 over 2500 kg up to 4000 kg 225 4 125 10 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable5 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 300 4 125 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable6 over 6000 kg up to 8000 kg 350 4 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable7 over 8000 kg up to 12000 kg 400 4 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 10 16 unsuitable8 over 12000 kg 450 4 175 6 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable 8 12 unsuitable
Vibratory tamping Mass per metre width of aroller vibrating roll:
1 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg 100 12 100 12 150 12 100 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg 125 12 125 12 175 12* 175 8 unsuitable 12 unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 150 12 150 12 200 12* unsuitable unsuitable 8 12 unsuitable4 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 150 9 150 9 250 12* unsuitable 400 5 6 10 unsuitable5 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 200 9 200 9 275 12* unsuitable 500 6 6 10 unsuitable6 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 225 9 225 9 300 12* unsuitable 600 6 4 8 unsuitable7 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 250 9 250 9 300 9* unsuitable 700 6 3 7 128 over 5000 kg 275 9 275 9 300 7* unsuitable 800 6 3 6 10
TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: Plant and Methods (Method 1 to Method 6)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)
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Type of Compaction Ref Category Method 1 Method 2 Method 3 Method 4 Method 5 Method 6Plant No.
D N# D N# D N# D N D N N for N for N forD = 110 mm D = 150 mm D = 250 mm
Vibratory roller Mass per metre width of avibratory roll:
1 over 270 kg up to 450 kg unsuitable 75 16 150 16 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 450 kg up to 700 kg unsuitable 75 12 150 12 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg 100 12 125 10 150 6 125 10 unsuitable 16 unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg 125 8 150 8 200 10* 175 4 unsuitable 6 16 unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 150 4 150 4 225 12* unsuitable unsuitable 4 6 126 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 175 4 175 4 250 10* unsuitable 400 5 3 5 117 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 200 4 200 4 275 8* unsuitable 500 5 3 5 108 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 225 4 225 4 300 8* unsuitable 600 5 2 4 89 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 250 4 250 4 300 6* unsuitable 700 5 2 4 7
10 over 5000 kg 275 4 275 4 300 4* unsuitable 800 5 2 3 6
Vibrating plate Mass per m2 of base plate:compactor 1 over 880 kg up to 1100 kg unsuitable unsuitable 75 6 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable
2 over 1100 kg up to 1200 kg unsuitable 75 10 100 6 75 10 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1200 kg up to 1400 kg unsuitable 75 6 150 6 150 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1400 kg up to 1800 kg 100 6 125 6 150 4 unsuitable unsuitable 8 unsuitable unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2100 kg 150 6 150 5 200 4 unsuitable unsuitable 5 8 unsuitable6 over 2100 kg 200 6 200 5 250 4 unsuitable unsuitable 3 6 12
Vibro-tamper Mass:1 over 50 kg up to 65 kg 100 3 100 3 150 3 125 3 unsuitable 4 8 unsuitable2 over 65 kg up to 75 kg 125 3 125 3 200 3 150 3 unsuitable 3 6 123 over 75 kg up to 100 kg 150 3 150 3 225 3 175 3 unsuitable 2 4 104 over 100 kg 225 3 200 3 225 3 250 3 unsuitable 2 4 10
Power rammer Mass:1 100 kg up to 500 kg 150 4 150 6 unsuitable 200 4 unsuitable 5 8 unsuitable2 over 500 kg 275 8 275 12 unsuitable 400 4 unsuitable 5 8 14
Dropping-weight Mass of rammer over 500 kgcompactor weight drop:
1 over 1 m up to 2 m 600 4 600 8 450 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable2 over 2 m 600 2 600 8 unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable unsuitable
TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: plant and Methods (Method 1 to Method 6)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)
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TABLE 6/4: Method Compaction for Earthworks Materials: Plant and Methods (Method 7)(This Table is to be read in conjunction with sub-Clause 612.10)
Type of Compaction Plant Ref Category Method 7No.
Smooth wheeled roller Mass per metre width of roll:(or vibratory roller 1 over 2100 kg up to 2700 kg unsuitable unsuitableoperating without 2 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg unsuitable unsuitablevibration) 3 over 5400 kg 12 unsuitable
Grid roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 2700 kg up to 5400 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 5400 kg up to 8000 kg 16 unsuitable3 over 8000 kg 8 unsuitable
Deadweight tamping roller Mass per metre width of roll:1 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 4 82 over 6000 kg 3 6
Pneumatic-tyred roller Mass per wheel:1 over 1000 kg up to 1500 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1500 kg up to 2000 kg 12 unsuitable3 over 2000 kg up to 2500 kg 6 unsuitable4 over 2500 kg up to 4000 kg 5 unsuitable5 over 4000 kg up to 6000 kg 4 166 over 6000 kg up to 8000 kg unsuitable 87 over 8000 kg up to 12000 kg unsuitable 48 over 12000 kg unsuitable 4
Vibratory tamping roller Mass per metre width of vibrating roll:1 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 16 unsuitable4 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 12 unsuitable5 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 10 unsuitable6 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 8 167 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 7 148 over 5000 kg 6 12
Vibratory roller Mass per metre width of vibrating roll:1 over 270 kg up to 450 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 450 kg up to 700 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 700 kg up to 1300 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1300 kg up to 1800 kg unsuitable unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2300 kg 12 unsuitable6 over 2300 kg up to 2900 kg 10 unsuitable7 over 2900 kg up to 3600 kg 10 unsuitable8 over 3600 kg up to 4300 kg 8 unsuitable9 over 4300 kg up to 5000 kg 8 unsuitable10 over 5000 kg 6 12
Vibratory plate compactor Mass per m2 of base plate:1 over 880 kg up to 1100 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 1100 kg up to 1200 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 1200 kg up to 1400 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 1400 kg up to 1800 kg 10 unsuitable5 over 1800 kg up to 2100 kg 8 unsuitable6 over 2100 kg 6 unsuitable
Vibro-tamper Mass:1 over 50 kg up to 65 kg unsuitable unsuitable2 over 65 kg up to 75 kg unsuitable unsuitable3 over 75 kg up to 100 kg unsuitable unsuitable4 over 100 kg 8 unsuitable
Power rammer Mass:1 100 kg up to 500 kg 8 unsuitable2 over 500 kg 6 10
Dropping weight compactor Mass of rammer over 500 kgheight drop:
1 over 1 m up to 2 m unsuitable unsuitable2 over 2 m unsuitable unsuitable
N for N for D = 150 mm D = 250 mm
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TABLE 6/5: (11/05) Off-Site Grading Requirements for Class 6 Acceptable Earthworks Materials
Percentage by Mass Passing the Size Shown
Class Size Size(mm) Size (microns) Class(mm) BS EN 933-2 Series BS EN 933-2 Series
500 300 125 80 63 40 31.5 20 16 10 8 6.3 4 2 1 500 250 125 63 0
6A 100 0-100 0-85 0-45 0-5 6A
6B 100 0-10 6B
6C 100 0-100 0-100 0-35 0-10 0-2 6C
6D 100 85-100 60-100 30-100 15-80 5-48 0-15 6Dexcept0-20for
crushedrock
6E & 100 85-100 25-100 10-100 <15 6E &6R 2R
6F3 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 0-12 6F3
6F4 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 <15 6F4
6F5 100 75-99 50-90 30-75 15-60 0-35 0-12 6F5
6H 100 60-100 15-45 0-25 0-5 6H
6I & 100 85-100 25-100 15-100 9-100 <15 6I &6J 6J
6K 100 0-10 6K
6L 100 85-100 60-100 30-100 15-100 5-70 0-15 6Lexcept0-20for
crushedrock
6M 100 0-10 6M
6N & 100 <15 6N &6P 6P
6S 100 60-100 30-90 8-45 0-16 6S
Volume 1Specification for Highway Works
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TABLE 6/6 : (05/04) Records and Reports - Information Required
Ground Treatment In situ TestingFor each column/area treated: For each area tested:
Date DateContract title Contract TitleArea identification Area identificationUnique grid location Test position, co-ordinates and levelGround level at commencement Method of test usedMaterial used All information required by appropriate BritishApproximate column diameter Standard test procedureDepth of penetration of each compaction pointVibrator power consumption during operationJetting pressure (where applicable)Duration of penetrationDuration of compactionObstructions and delaysNumber and type of tests carried out
68FAmendment - November 2007
Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks
Amendment-November2009 S1
NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATION OF SCOTLAND
#601TS (11/06) Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials
General Classification
1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:
(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;
(ii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;
(iii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and
(iv) unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.
Unacceptable Materials
2 UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:
(i) unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:
(a) materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and
(b) material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:
• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;
• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;
• materialsinafrozencondition;
• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;
• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;
(ii) unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:
(a) contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct1990PartIIA)whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallspecialwastes(asdefinedintheSpecialWasteAmendment(Scotland)Regulations2004)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:
(i) specialwaste(asdefinedintheSpecialWasteScotland(Amendment)Regulations2004)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
4 WhererequiredinAppendix6/1,unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.
Definitions
5 Chalkshallmean:
(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateandidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheBritishGeologicalSurvey;
(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.
Volume1 Series600SpecificationforHighwayWorks Earthworks
Amendment-November2009 S2
6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclayandsiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.
7 Pulverised-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverisedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.
8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverised-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.
9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.
10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.
11 Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.
12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.
Use of Fill Materials
13 Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbenomorethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.
14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthe
PermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or
(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.
(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).
AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicelementsprotectedbyconcreteandancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.
16 UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.
17 Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.
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18 Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignment,makeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.
632TS (11/06) Determination of Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of Earthworks Materials in Scotland
1 WheretheMoistureConditionValue(MCV)isrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1to3.
2 WherethenaturalmoisturecontentMCVisrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1to3.
3 WheretheMCVofsaturatedmaterialsisrequiredinAppendix6/1,theMCVdeterminationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1,2and4.
4 WhenrequiredinAppendix6/1,thedeterminationoftheMCV/moisturecontentrelationshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewithTRLReport273,AppendixA,Sections1,2and5.
5 AnalternativeprocedureisgiveninAppendixA,Sections1,2and6ofTRLReport273.TherapidassessmentprocedureformaterialacceptabilitymaybeusedwhenpermittedinAppendix6/1.
6 (11/03)TheContractorshallprovide,foreachMoistureConditionApparatus(MCA)tobeused,atestcertificatetoshowthattheMCAisfunctioningcorrectly.ThetestsforcorrectfunctionshallbecarriedoutasdescribedinAppendixDofTRLReport273andtheresultsrecordedonformMCA3(TRLReport273,AppendixB),orsimilar.Allequipmentusedshallbetraceabletonationalstandards.
7 (11/03)TheContractorshallprovide,foreachoperatoroftheMCA,acertificatewhichshowstheoperatorhascompletedanappropriatecourseoftrainingapprovedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.TheOverseeingOrganisationshallbecontactedfordetailsofthoseorganisationsabletoprovidesuchtraining.
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NATIONAL ALTERATIONS OF THE OVERSEEING ORGANISATION OF NORTHERN IRELAND
601NI Classification, Definitions and Uses of Earthworks Materials
General Classification
1 Earthworksmaterialsshallfallintooneorotherofthefollowinggeneralclassifications:
(i) acceptablematerial:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSiteorimportedontotheSitewhichmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptabilityforuseinthePermanentWorks;
(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Aasdefinedinsub-Clauses2(i)(a)and2(i)(b)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;
(iii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Basdefinedinsub-Clause2(ii)(a)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhich,unlessprocessedsothatitmeetstherequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1,shallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks;and
(iv) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU2asdefinedinsub-Clause3(i)ofthisClause:materialexcavatedfromwithintheSitewhichshallnotbeusedinthePermanentWorks.
(11/04) Unacceptable Materials
2 (11/04)UnacceptablematerialClassesU1AandU1B:
(i) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Ashallbe:
(a) (11/04)materialwhichdoesnotcomplywiththepermittedconstituentsandmaterialpropertiesofTable6/1andAppendix6/1foracceptablematerial;and
(b) material,orconstituentsofmaterials,composedofthefollowingunlessotherwisedescribedinAppendix6/1:
• peat,materialsfromswamps,marshesandbogs;
• logs,stumpsandperishablematerial;
• materialsinafrozencondition;
• clayhavingaliquidlimitdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding90orplasticityindexdeterminedinaccordancewithBS1377:Part2,exceeding65;
• materialsusceptibletospontaneouscombustionexceptunburntcollieryspoilcomplyingwithsub-Clause15ofthisClause;
(ii) (11/04)unacceptablematerialClassU1Bshallbe:
(a) (11/05)contaminatedmaterials,includingcontrolledwastes(asdefinedintheWasteandContaminatedLand(NorthernIreland)Order1997whoselevelofcontaminationisabovethatgiveneitherinAppendix6/14orinAppendix6/15,butexcludingallhazardouswastes(asdefinedintheHazardousWasteRegulations(NorthernIreland)2005)andradioactivewastes(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
3 UnacceptablematerialClassU2shallbe:
(i) (11/05)hazardouswaste(asdefinedintheHazardousWasteRegulations(NorthernIreland)2005)andradioactivewaste(asdefinedintheRadioactiveSubstancesAct1993).
4 (11/04)WhererequiredinAppendix6/1unacceptablematerial(otherthanClassU2)shallbeprocessedbymechanical,chemicalorothermeanstorenderthematerialacceptableforuseinthePermanentWorksinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTable6/1andAppendix6/1.
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Definitions5 Chalkshallmean:
(i) anyporousmaterialofnaturalorigincomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateandidentifiedaschalkonthemapsproducedbytheGeologicalSurveyofNorthernIreland;
(ii) materialdesignatedasClass3inAppendix6/1.
6 Argillaceousrockshallmeanshalesmudstonessiltstonesslatesandmicaceousschistscomposedofparticlesofclaysiltandmica.Itshallincludeunburntcollieryspoil.
7 Pulverized-fuelashshallmeansolidmaterialextractedbyelectrostaticandmechanicalmeansfromthefluegasesoffurnacesfiredwithpulverizedbituminouscoal.Itshallhaveamaximumparticlesizeof3mm.
8 Furnacebottomashshallmeanagglomeratedpulverized-fuelashobtainedfromthebottomofthepowerstationfurnaceandhavingparticlesizenolargerthan10mm.
9 Formationshallbethetopsurfaceofcapping.
Wherenocappingisrequiredformationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofsub-base,unlessotherwiseshownontheDrawings.
10 Sub-formationshallbethetopsurfaceofearthworksattheundersideofcapping.
11 (05/01)Stabilisationshallmeanthespreadingofcementorlimeorbothonalayerofdepositedorintactgranularorcohesivematerial,andthesubsequentprocessofpulverisingandmixingfollowedbyappropriatecompactiontoformthewholeoraconstituentlayerofacapping.
12 (11/07)Where‘recycledaggregate’isusedinthisSeries,thematerialshallbeaggregateresultingfromtheprocessingofmaterialusedinaconstructionprocess.TheaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.Where‘recycledaggregateexceptrecycledasphalt’isusedinthisSeries,theaggregateshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.Contentofasphalt(mineralaggregatewithabituminousbinder)shallnotexceed2%bymass,andthecontentofothermaterials(ClassX)includingwood,plasticandmetalshallnotexceed1%bymass.
Use of Fill Materials13 (05/01)Inadditiontoanygradingrequirementsthemaximumparticlesizeofanyfillmaterialshallbeno
morethantwo-thirdsofthecompactedlayerthicknessexceptthatcobbleshavinganequivalentdiameterofmorethan150mmshallnotbedepositedbeneathvergesorcentralreserveswithin1.30mofthefinishedsurface.
14 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmaterialsorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) (11/05)thewatersoluble(WS)sulfatecontentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or
(iii) (11/09)unlessotherwisespecifiedinTable6/1orTable6/3,the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.
(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
15 (11/07)Materialshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,orotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix6/3,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:
(i) (11/05)thewatersoluble(WS)sulfatecontentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or
(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNos.2and4).
(11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.
(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicelementsprotectedbyconcreteand
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ancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.
16 (05/01)UnburntcollieryspoilmaybeusedasgeneralfillprovideditiscompactedincompliancewithClause612andcomplieswiththerequirementsofAppendix6/1.
17 (05/01)Pulverised-fuelashshallnotbeplacedwithinthedimensiondescribedinAppendix6/3,belowsub-formationorformation.
18 (05/01)Wherepulverised-fuelashisused,theContractorshallforeachconsignmentmakeavailabletotheOverseeingOrganisationarecordofthetypeandsourceofthematerialandthenameofthepowerstationfromwhichitwasobtainedandacertificateofresultsoftestsshowingthatthematerialcomplieswiththerequirementsofTable6/1.
607NI Explosives and Blasting for Excavation
1 BlastingforexcavationshallnotbeemployedunlesspermittedorrequiredinAppendix6/3andsuchblastingshallbeconfinedtothelocationsandtowithinthetimelimitsstatedtherein.
2 TheContractorshall:
(i) notcarryoutplastershooting;
(ii) foreachlocationwhereblastingistobeundertaken,providewrittennoticetotheOverseeingOrganisationoftheprogrammeofblasting,includingtrialexplosions,atleast10daysbeforeitcommencesandgivewrittennoticeofeachblastingeventasdescribedin(v)below,atleast12hoursbeforehand;
(iii) carryouttrialexplosionsstartingwithreducedquantitiesofexplosiveinordertodeterminethesizeoftheactualexplosivechargesandtheirdisposition,foruseinthemainblastingoperations,soasnottoexceedthevaluesforvibrationalamplitudeandvibrationalpeakparticlevelocitystatedin(vi)belowatthepositionsdescribedtherein;
(iv) determinedangerzoneslikelytobecreatedbytheblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions,withinwhichblastedmaterialmaybeprojectedandutilisesuitablearrangementsincludingTemporaryWorks,toretainsuchprojectilesandensurethatnoinjuryordamageiscausedtopersonsorpropertythereby;
(v) limitblastingtoasmallnumberofeventsduringpermittedhoursperday,whereaneventshallcompriseasingleexplosionoragroupofexplosionseachseparatedbyashorttimeinterval,thegrouplastinglessthanaminute;
(vi) ensurethat:
(a) structuresandearthworks,existingorunderconstruction,onandofftheSite,donotexperience,duringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions,avibrationalamplitudeexceeding0.2mmandaresultantpeakparticlevelocityexceeding50mmpersecond,orotherlimitsstatedinAppendix6/3,atthesametimeorindividually;and
(b) peakoverpressures,ofmagnitudesuchastoendangerwindowsandglazedareasofstructures,donotoccur;
(vii) whereinstrumentationandmonitoringisappropriate:
(a) rigidlyfixtostructuresandinsertinearthworksdescribedin(vi)(a)above,suitableinstrumentstomeasurethevibrationalamplitudeandresultantvibrationalpeakparticlevelocity,andpeakoverpressures,experiencedduringblastingoperationsincludingtrialexplosions;
(b) makeavailabledetailsoftheproposedinstrumentationwithintheSite;
(c) unlessotherwisestipulatedinAppendix6/3,makehisownarrangementsforinstallinginstrumentsonpropertyofftheSiteincludingnegotiatingwithlandownersandotherinterestedparties;
(d) readsuchinstrumentsandtakemeasurementsthroughouttheperiodofblastingoperations,includingtrialexplosions;
(e) forinstrumentsonstructuresorearthworksontheSiteand,whererequiredinAppendix6/3,onpropertyofftheSite,makeavailabletheresultstotheOverseeingOrganisationattheendofeachday’sblasting;
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(viii) takemeasurementsofvibrationalamplitudeandpeakparticlevelocityineachofthreemutuallyperpendicularplanesanddeterminethepeakvalue,takenasthemaximumresultantcalculatedbyvectorsummationofthethreecomponentsofamplitudeandvelocityrespectively,measuredasinstantaneouslyastheresolutionoftherecordinginstrumentpermits;
(ix) ensurethatnoisefromblastingoperationsiscontrolledinaccordancewithClause109;
(x) useexplosivesinthequantitiesandinthemannerrecommendedbythemanufacturer;
(xi) storeexplosivesinregisteredpremisesinalicensedstoreormagazineprovidedwithaseparatecompartmentfordetonatorsorusethemunderanImmediateUseCertificateissuedbythepolice;
(xii) onlypermitexplosivestobeusedorhandledbyorundertheimmediatecontrolofacompetentpersoninaccordancewiththeConstruction(GeneralProvisions)NorthernIrelandRegulations1963(Regulation19)andsubsequentamendingRegulations;
(xiii) ensurethereisnounauthorisedissueorimproperuseofexplosivesbroughtontheSiteandmaintainastrictcheckonquantitiesissuedandconsumed;
(xiv) complywiththerequirementsofBS6657inrespectoftheuseofelectricaldetonatorsinthevicinityofstaticandmobileradiotransmitters,includingnormalradioandtelevisionbroadcastingstationsandradarunitsassociatedwithaircraftmovements,electricitygeneratingplantandtransmissionlines.