session #23 abcds fall arrest (harel)

02/05/2016

1

The Worldwide Experts

in Fall Protection

Patrick HarelPh- 920-418-2714

[email protected]

a 3M Company

62-594 Rev. B

3. All Rights Reserved.2 May 2016© 3M 3M Confidential.

Do I really need Fall Protection?

•You know what you're doing, its what you've been

trained to do your whole life.

•Nothing could possibly go wrong and it wouldn’t

happen to me anyway.

•You've done it a thousand times.

•You've carefully thought out all the angles.

02/05/2016

2


Think Again!



Standards

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 29 CFR

1910 and 1926

• Governing Body

• Sets and enforces laws

American National Standard Institute (ANSI) Z359 series various

dates

• Voluntary compliance board

• Sets guidelines for th e manufacture of equipment

02/05/2016

3


OSHA Definitions

Qualified Person

One who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional

standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, has

successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to

the subject matter, the work, or the project.

One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the

surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or

dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective

measures to eliminate them.

A person approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type of

duty or duties or to be at a specific location or locations at the jobsite.

Authorized Person

Competent Person


TRIVIA1: Where was the first use of Fall Protection?

1933- Golden Gate Bridge - Netting

4: How many people died during the actual

construction of the Hoover Dam? ( First concrete

poured in June 1933)

1st was J.G Tierney. Coincidentally, his son, Patrick

Tierney, was the last man to die on the dam, 13 years

to the day later.

2: What is the “ Half way to Hell Club”?

Created by the workers who fell into the net

3: How many members where there?

19. 11 workers died from

falls

96


Fall Protection in the 21st Century

Motivators

• OSHA 1926.502 Sub-part

M

• 29 CFR 1910 Sub-part D

& I

• ANSI

• Liability & Due Diligence

• Insurance

• Ensuring every worker

gets home safely!

02/05/2016

4


Statistics2014 OSHA Violations

1. Fall Protection = 7,515

2. Hazard Communication = 6,148

3. Scaffolding = 4,968

4. Respiratory Protection = 3,147

5. Powered Indus. Truck = 3,147

2015 OSHA Violations

1. Fall Protection = 6,721

2. Hazard Communication = 5,192

3. Scaffolding = 4,295

4. Respiratory Protection = 3,305

5. Lockout/Tagout = 3,002


Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Summary, 2013

Fatal falls, slips, or trips took the lives of 699 workers in 2013

Falls to lower level

Slips/Trips

Falls to a lower level accounted for 574 or about 82% of those fatalities

1 in 4 occurred 10ft or lower and 1/5th occurred over 30ft.


02/05/2016

5



Hierarchy of Fall Protection

1. Eliminate the Hazard

2. Passive Systems

(Guardrails/Netting)

3. Fall Restraint/ Work Positioning

4. Fall Arrest

5. Administrative Controls

Engineering out the Hazard

62-594 Rev. B

02/05/2016

6

Passive Fall Protection

Railing 30” to 37”

Guardrail 42”

+/- 3”

62-594 Rev. B

Ladder 24’ and

Higher need Cage

or FP

Fall Restraint

62-594 Rev. B

Fall restraint system

means a fall protection

system that prevents

the user from falling

any distance

Work Positioning System

OSHA 1926.502 (e)

• 2 ft. Free fall limit

• Anchorage

requirement 3000 lbs.

• OSHA considers decent

control/rescue systems

same as work

positioning

62-594 Rev. B

02/05/2016

7

Fall Arrest

62-594 Rev. B


Fall Arrest Considerations/Concerns

Clearance

Freefall

Rescue

Energy Absorption

Obstructions

Total Weight ( person + equipment)

Understanding the Equipment and it’s Limitations

Site

Personal

62-594 Rev. B

02/05/2016

8


Anatomy of a Fall

It takes most people about 1/3 of a second to become aware.

It takes another 1/3 of a second for the body to react.

A body can fall up to 7 feet in 2/3 of a second.

fee

..67 sec./7 feet

1 sec./16 feet

2 sec./64 feet

.33sec./2 feet

.67sec./7 feet

1 sec./16 feet

2 sec./64

feet

10ft – 17MPH

20ft – 24MPH

30ft - 30MPH

40ft – 35MPH


Components of a Fall Arrest System

ANCHORS

BODY

SUPPORT

CONNECTORS

DESCENT/RESCUE


Anchorages

02/05/2016

9


Anchorage Classes

2 to 1 safety factor

As low as 1800 lbs. for OSHA & ANSI Requires 5000 lbs

Non-Certified (Improvised)Certified (Engineered)


Impact Force M.A.F.Maximum Arresting Force

Anchors<.5000

lbs.

Strength and Stability


Anchorage Connectors

02/05/2016

10


Body Support


Belt vs. Harness

OSHA 1926.502 (d):

“Effective Jan. 1, 1998,

body belts are not

acceptable as part of a

personal fall arrest

system...”


02/05/2016

11


Proper Use of Belts

Work Positioning Fall Restraint

OSHA

1926.502

(d):

NThe use of a

body belt in a

positioning

device system

is acceptableN


Full Body Harness

ANSI

Fall Arrest

(always must have)

OSHA 1926.502 (d)

(16) (ii):

Personal fall arrest

systems shall limit

the maximum

arresting force on an

employee to 1,800

pounds (8 kN)

when used with a

body harness.


Connectors

Connectors include lanyards, snap-

hooks, carabineers, deceleration devices

such as SRD’s, ladder climbing systems,

vertical & horizontal lifelines and rope

grabs

OSHA says�“ [1926.502(e)(5)]:

Connecting assemblies shall have a

minimum tensile strength of 5,000 lbs.

(22 kN)."

02/05/2016

12


Hardware

Snaphooks Carabineers

(ANSI)-Must be double acting, auto-locking, have 3600 rated

gate, rated for 5000 lbs.

(OSHA)-Must be double acting, Front Load 220lbs, Side

Load 330lbs rated for 5000 lbs.

AND REMEMBER, you cannot connect a SNAPHOOK

to a CARABINER!!

Incompatible Connections

62-594 Rev. B

NOTE: Large throat snap hooks should not be

connected to standard size D-rings or similar

objects which will result in a load on the gate

if the hook or D-ring twists or rotates, unless

the snap hook complies with ANSI Z359.1-

2007 or ANSI Z359.12 and is equipped with a

3,600 lb (16 kN) gate. Check the marking on

your snap hook to verify that it is

appropriate for your application.


Lanyards

• Many different

types of lanyards

• Needs to be able to

reduce energy from

5000 lbs force toN • 1800 lbs for OSHA

and

• 900 lbs for ANSI

• less is very

common with

shock absorber

02/05/2016

13


Shock AbsorbersRemember:

• Always connect the shock

pack to the Dorsal D-ring

• Make sure you are not

exceeding the weight limit of

the lanyard

• Never connect two lanyards

together

• Always workout Fall

Clearance


Fall Clearance

Lanyards

• Measure from anchor point

• Formula – LL + DD + HH + C = RD

• LL= Lanyard Length 6 FT

• DD= Deceleration Distance 3 ½ FT (36”)

• HH= Height of Suspended Worker 7 FT

(Including Harness Stretch)

• C= Safety Factor 1 FT

• RD= Required fall clearance 17 ½ FT

• Some competitors measure from

working surface

• Conservative calculation

62-594 Rev. B


Self Retracting Devices

02/05/2016

14


SRD/SRLs

SRL - Self Retracting Lanyard SRD - Self Retracting Device

Classes

Class A: A class A SRD will stop the fall within 24” and ensure the forces are below 1350 lbs.

Class B: a class B SRD will stop the fall within 54” and ensure that the forces are below 900 lbs.

Types

SRL-R: An SRD with some sort of rescue capability, this could be an incorporated winch or automatic descent capability.

SRL-LE: An SRD that has been designed for a worker falling over an edge.

• Will have an integral external shock absorber.

• Will have a cable that can withstand a sharp edge.


Fall Clearance

•Self Retracting Devices (SRD’s)

(Class B)

• Measured from working surface

• Most SRD’s use 6 ft. as the required

fall clearance distance

• RD= TFD+HS+C = 3.5’+1’+1.5’= 6’

Swing falls will add to required

clearance. As you swing below

anchor point, you get closer to the

level below. PENDELUM


Fall Clearance

Nano

Starts

at 4 ft.

02/05/2016

15


Fall Considerations

Swing Fall

Obstructions


New ANSI Sharp Edge Requirements

Adhering to the most stringent safety standard - ANSI

Z359.14

• Must have an integral shock absorber.

• Must be tested to ensure the cable will not cut on

an edge that is .005” in thickness.

• Must still retract and extend after a fall

• Locking function must still work after a fall

• Must maintain an average arresting force below

900 lbs. And a peak force below 1800lbs.


SRD - SHARP EDGES

DEFEAT SHARP EDGES EVERY TIME

Sharp edges are found in many leading edge applications

where a traditional lifeline may be cut, shred or snap upon

contact.

02/05/2016

16


Rescue Plan?

Some Days all

you can do is

smile and wait

for some kind

soul to come

pull your butt

out of the bind

you ’ve gotten

yourself into!


Rescue Systems

Rollgliss™

R350™ Rescue Positioning

Device (RPD)

RescueMatic™ Evacuation System

Rollgliss™

R550™ Rollgliss™ SRL

Rescue Device

Rollgliss™ Rescue

Ladder

SelfRescue


Suspension Trauma Straps

DOES NOT

REPLACE

RESCUE!!

•1910.151 – Medical Aid suggested in a letter of interpretation

•4 to 15 minutes

•“if it is potentially life threatening” – 4 minutes

02/05/2016

17


LETS LOOK AT THE NUMBERS AND MYTHS

6Feet

Authorized???

Qualified??

2Fleet

Fall Clearance???

Weight???

Service Life??

CapacityENERGY ABSORBING

LANYARDS

STANDARD / REGULATIONMAXIMUIM ARRESTING

FORCE PERMITTED

AVERAGE ARRESTING

FORCE PERMITTED

DECELERATION or

MAXIMUM ARREST

DISTANCE

WEIGHT RANGE CLASS/TYPE

OSHA 1910/1926 1800 lbs (8kN) N/A 42” (1.07m)

310 LBS. or if the combined

tool and body weight is 310

pounds (140.62 kg) or

more, systems that meet

the criteria and protocols

contained in appendix B will

be deemed to comply with

the provisions of paragraph

(b)(6) only if they are

modified appropriately to

provide protection for the

extra weight of the

employee and tools.

Re: 1915.159(b)

Criteria for lifelines,

lanyards, and personal fall

arrest systems.

ANSI 359.13 1800 lbs (8kN) 900 lbs (4kN) 54” (1.37m) 130 – 310 LBS.

ANSI 359.13 1800 lbs (8kN) 1350 lbs (6kN) 60” 130 – 310 LBS.

CSA Z259.11-05

4.0 kN - (900 lbs)

(Ambient Dry) or (6kN

1350 lbs Wet and

Frozen)

N/A 1.2m (3.9 ft)45 kg (100 lbs) - 115 kg

(254 lbs)CLASS E4

CSA Z259.2.2-98

6.0 kN - (1300 lbs)

(Ambient Dry) or (8kn

1800 lbs Wet and

Frozen)

(8kN) 1800 lbs

N/A 1.75 m (5.7 ft)90 kg (200 lbs) - 175 kg

(386 lbs)CLASS E6

CapacitySELF RETRACTING DEVICES

STANDARD / REGULATIONMAXIMUIM ARRESTING

FORCE PERMITTED

AVERAGE ARRESTING

FORCE PERMITTED

DECELERATION or

MAXIMUM ARREST

DISTANCE

WEIGHT RANGE CLASS/TYPE

OSHA 1910/1926 1800 lbs (8kN) N/A 42” (1.07m)

310 LBS. or if the combined

tool and body weight is 310

pounds (140.62 kg) or

more, systems that meet

the criteria and protocols

contained in appendix B will

be deemed to comply with

the provisions of paragraph

(b)(6) only if they are

modified appropriately to

provide protection for the

extra weight of the

employee and tools.

Re: 1915.159(b)

Criteria for lifelines,

lanyards, and personal fall

arrest systems.

ANSI 359.14 1800 lbs (8kN) 900 lbs (4kN) 54” (1.37m) 130 – 310 LBS. CLASS B

1800 lbs (8kN) 1350 lbs (6kN) 24" (610mm) 130 – 310 LBS. CLASS A

CSA Z259.2.2-98 (8kN) 1800 lbs N/A (1372mm) 55” (141kg) 310 LBS. TYPE 2 & 3

02/05/2016

18


Each Manufacture will give there own restrictions

in there Instruction Manuals.

Even though OSHA does not give some of the

restrictions in there standards they will always

say you MUST FOLLOW MANUFACTURES

GUIED LINES


*If using Diablo with rebar hook configuration, Diablo must

always be worn at harness dorsal D-ring. Rebar

hook must ONLY be connected to compatible structural rebar.


We have now added an “E” to the A,B,C,D of Fall Protection

Fall Protection for “EQUIPMENT/Tools”

02/05/2016

19


Were these accidents preventable?



02/05/2016

20




THANK YOU!

session #23 abcds fall arrest (harel)

Documents