session i - esrsaeg.netcv.) were exposed to eight different doses of gamma rays (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0,...

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5th International Conference on Radiation Sciences and Applications, 07-11/12/2016,Luxor - Aswan - Egypt

Session I:Agriculture

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Gamma radiation induced cytological, horticultural and biochemical variability in two garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes

Ezzat, A. S.;1 Moustafa, Y. M. M.;1 Ahmed, K. Z.;2 Farrag, M. M.1 and Gadelhak, S. H.1

1Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, 61517 Egypt.2Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, 61517 Egypt.

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Two garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes (White clone and Egaseed1 cv.) were exposed to eight different doses of gamma rays (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.0, 14.0 and 16.0 Gy) as well as untreated cloves as a control treatment to evaluate their cytological, horticultural and biochemical characteristics response to these treatments. The results showed that the highest values of mitotic index (MI) were obtained from White Clone (17.74%) and cultivar Egaseed 1 (22.3%) treated with 6.0 Gy and 16.0 Gy of gamma irradiation, respectively. The highest percentage of total chromosomal abnormalities was observed in roots of cloves treated with 16.0 Gy in both genotypes. The correlation coefficient values between gamma doses and total abnormalities in Egaseed1 and White Clone were 0.813 and 0.966, respectively. Under field conditions, cloves exposed to 2.0 Gy irradiations gave high mean values for most of the studied traits. The values of coefficient of phenotypic and genotypic variations, heritability and expect genetic advance were higher in the M1V1 than in the M1V2 for fresh weight of whole plant. The polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase and catalase activities did not follow regular pattern of increasing or decreasing with the radiation dose, but maximum values for these three enzymes were recorded at 2.0 Gy in both genotypes. Fortunately, the presence of yield variation among the tested treatments in both garlic genotypes is a good opportunity and potential tool for further utilization in garlic improvement through selection.

Key words: Garlic, Chromosomal aberrations, Gamma irradiation, Mutation breeding, First Mutated Generation (M1V1), Second Mutated Generation (M1V2).

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Natural Radioactivity Measurement Using the Mole Device and Evaluation of Radiological Hazards in Some Agricultural Soil Surfaces, Saudi Arabia

Al-Hamed, S.A.1; Wahby, M. F.1 and Aboukarima, A. M.2*

1Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia2Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, P.O. Box 256, Cairo, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The radioactivity concentrations of Potassium (40K), Uranium (238U), Thorium (232Th) and Cesium (137Cs) in some agricultural soil surfaces located in Al-Kharj, Al-Qassim, Wadi Al-Dawaser, Hail, Al-Jouf, Tabuk and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were measured using a gamma ray sensor (The Mole). The whole mean of 40K, 238U, 232Th and 137Cs in all regions were 283.69, 33.38, 35.78 and 10.78 Bq/kg. From the measured activity concentration, radium equivalent, external and internal hazard indices, absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose were calculated. The range of dose rate estimated ranged from 15.47-139.57 nGy/h with a mean value of 50.03 nGy/h. The annual effective dose rate ranged between 0.019 and 0.171 mSv/year with a mean value of 0.061 mSv/year. External hazard index varies from 0.23 to 1.75 with mean value of 0.83. Internal hazard index varies from 0.27 to 1.95 with mean value of 0.92. Radium equivalent varies from 33.70 Bq/kg to 314.57 Bq/kg with mean value of 108.85 Bq/kg. On the basis of measured activity and calculated values of hazards indices, it is concluded that the soil surfaces under investigation in the some selected regions does not pose any significant radiological risk to the population and environment. Obviously, radiation backgrounds in some inspected sites were found to be higher than the recommended world averages. Such sites are not suitable for human activities. This study can be used as a reference for more extensive studies of the same subject in future.Key words: Natural radioactivity, the Mole, soil surfaces, Saudi Arabia.

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Genetic Diversity in Triticum aestivum L. Induced by Gamma Irradiation and selection for drought stress by using PEG 6000

Mohamed Adly and Ayman El-Fiki*

Natural Products Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

In the face of climatic changes, drought is receiving increasing attention, as shown by the growing number of studies on drought tolerance in plants. This is study was carried out to investigate the effect of gamma radiation doses (50, 100, 150 and 200Gy) and polyethylene glycol 6000 concentrations (10, 15, 20 and 25%) in growth parameters in Gimmeza 10 wheat. These both treatments caused a decline seed germination percentage as well as shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight and the impact is increasingly dose or concentration increase. Irradiated plants were slightly less in length than control. However, the plants lengths under the impact of drought stress are decreasing severely until dwarfism. The heading date in both treatments had been late 20 – 30 day. The irradiated plants were better than control in wheat spikes size, length, number of tiller and grains. Whereas, the drought stress caused severe negative impact on wheat spikes size, length and grain number and the grain was shrinkage.

Key words: drought, PEG, radiation, stress, wheat.

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Bioactive Compounds And Chemical Constituents Of Gray Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Grows In Ras-Mohamed, And Nabq Protected Areas, South Sinai, Egypt

Ahmed M. Algharib1 and Ezzat A. Kotb2

1Environment & Bio-Agriculture Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, 11884, Egypt.2Soils & Water Dept. Res., Atomic Energy Authority, NRC, Abou-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out in Ras-Mohamed, and Nabaq protected areas, in South Sinai, Egypt during 2014. The work aimed to study the effect of environment factors on Avicennia marina plants that grows there. The study also aimed to investigate the bioactive constituents of A. marina plant grows in both sites. The soil of Ras-Mohamed and Nabq protected areas were sandy clay. The pH values of the soils ranged from 8 in Nabq soil to 8.11 in Ras-Mohamed soil, and the electrical conductivities (EC) were 19.70 and 40.40millimohs/centimeter for Nabq and Ras-Mohamed respectively. Sulfate was the chief anion for Nabq, where chloride was the chief anion for Ras-Mohamed protected area soil. Sodium and calcium were the dominant cations in both Nabq and Ras-Mohamed protected area soils. The potassium was the dominant element followed by nitrogen then phosphorus for both protected area soils. While the ferrous was the dominant microelement followed by zinc, then manganese and copper for both Nabq and Ras-Mohamed protected area soils. The soils of Nabq site were poor in nitrogen and phosphorus and lower than in Ras-Mohamed protected area soils.

Key words: Environment, Mangrove, Nabq Protectorate and Ras-Mohamed Protectorate.

session i - esrsaeg.netcv.) were exposed to eight different doses of gamma rays (2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0,...

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