session3 transmission equipment

1 © NOKIA PDH&SDHequipment/23.05.2001 / JVi

Session 3

PDH & SDH Equipment


• To review Nokia Cellular Transmission PDH/SDH equipment in general

• To know & understand the

• Differences of Flexbus interfaced transmission equipment/cards

• Interfaces, features, network applications and limitations of

• Metrohub

• FIU19

• Marconi SDH Nodes

• PowerHopper

Session Objectives


3G RAN

Si-SU Si-SU

AXC

WAM

WAM

IFU A

• • •

• • •

SAR

RNCNIU


3G Cellular Transmission

E1 E1

40xE1 (8k)

STM-1

STM-4

STM-16

STM-1

STM-4

STM-16

VC 0/12/3/464 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1

STM-1T1E134 M45 M140 M

STM-1T1E1

34 M45 M

140 M

VC 12 / 3 / 4Cross connect capacity 256 x STM-1

E1 E1

1904xE1(64k)

BTS BSC/RNC MSC

MSCPSTN

STM-1

STM-4

STM-1

STM-4

VC 0/12/3/424 x STM-1 / 32 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1

E1FB

SMA 4 SMA 16 Node

MSH 84SXC-TMetroHub

DN2

E1FB

56xE1(8k)

Fiber

DXC

SMA 1

STM-1 STM-1

VC /12/3/44 x STM-1Tributary 256 x E1


Nokia Cellular Transmission PDH/SDH

• Plug-in cards:• Talk-family BTS

• TRU• RRI

• Ultrasite BTS / MetroHub(not WCDMA Ultrasite)

• FXC E1/T1• FXC E1• FXC RRI

• WCDMA Ultrasite AXC / Stand-alone AXC

• IFU E1/JT1• IFU JT2• IFU STM-0/STM-1• IFU E1• IFU Flexbus

• Equipment• Talk-family BTSs• Ultrasite BTSs• MetroHub• FIU 19• MetroHopper• FlexiHopper• PowerHopper• "UltraHub"


Flexbussingle cable interface

•Carries bidirectinal 1- 16x2Mbit/s signals from:• indoor to indoor• indoor to outdoor

•Feeds power from the IDU to the ODU•replacing all 2Mbit/s on-site cabling with one single cable•cuts down the number of IU


Four equipment with Flexbus interfaces

• RRIC• Talk-family BTS integrated card• 2 slots for RRICs in Talk-family BTSs• 2 external Flexbus interfaces• 1 internal Flexbus connecting possible 2 RRICs in slots

• FIU 19• Separate piece of equipment • Can be mounted in 19" rack• Up to 4 Flexbus interfaces

• FXC RRI• Plug-in card• Fits to MetroHubs and Ultrasite BTSs

(into TDM DXC part, does not exist in WCDMA Ultrasite BTS)• 2 external Flexbus interfaces

• IFU E (IFU Flexbus)• Plug-in card• Fits to WCDMA Ultrasite BTS integrated AXCs or stand-alone

AXCs• 3 external Flexbus interfaces


Comparison of 2M level cross-connection features of equipment

with Flexbus interfaces• RRIC • FIU 19

• FXC RRI

• IFU E (IFU Flexbus)

1

4

2

3

BTS internal Flexbus 1………16 x 2 M

External Flexbus 1 1………16 x 2 M

1………16 x 2 M External Flexbus 2

2 M interfaces for TRUA




Separate external2 M interfaces1……………16

1

16



Internal2 M interfaces

for AXU1……………16

1

16




Internal 2 M interfacesto 8k cross-connection bus

1……………16

1

16


Transmission Unit – TRUx (TRUA)

TR

UA

IDU

1 ID

U2

TR

UA

IDU

1 ID

U2

2MbitsXC

1 3 2Line Interface (LIF)

1 3 2

4

3

2

1

4

3

2

1

Main

1 T

ow

ard

s ID

U1

DIR

8Kbits XC

Main

2 T

ow

ard

s ID

U2

1 3 2

1 3 2

4

3

2

1

4

3

2

1


TRUA Main Features

Three 2 Mbit/s A-bis interfaces between BSC and BTS

Rerouting facilities within a loop network

Interface to two radio relay equipment that can be integrated in the system

Frame structure complies with rec G.704

Cross connection capabilities at 8 kbit/s level


TRUA / 2MCCLIF1 LIF2LIF3

DIR1 DIR2DIR3

MAINI4

MAINI3

MAINI2

MAINI1

RRI1 RRI2

MAINI4

MAINI3

MAINI2

MAINI1


Nokia MetroHub

•Technical Overview

• Features

• Plugin Units

• Applications

• Management

• Technical Specifications


Nokia MetroHub Modular Structure

1 - 5 Transmission units• Outdoor and indoor, vertical and horizontal

installation on wall, roof top, pole for flexible and

easy network implementation

• Cover and mechanical chassis

Plug-in units

• Power Interface Panel

• 1 - 2 identical Power Supply Units

• Fan Unit

• Interface Unit

• Optional Battery Back-up Unit

• Shielding units

Power Interface Panel

Interface Unit

Chassis

Power Supply Unit

RedundantPower Supply Unit

1 - 5 Transmission Units

Fan Unit

OptionalBattery Backup Unit


FXC RRIFXC RRI

FXC shieldFXC shield

Nokia MetroHub

1 - 5transmission

units

FXC E1/T1FXC E1/T1

MetroHub Transmission Units

FXC E1FXC E1

MetroHub PTMetroHub PT

MetroHub C1.0MetroHub C1.0


Nokia MetroHub C1.0 Features Overview

• Support for up to 6 Nokia FlexiHopper or MetroHopper radio outdoor units or 20 E1/T1 connections or a mixture of both.

• Houses up to five Transmission Units for flexible capacity building: FXC RRI with 2 Flexbus and FXC E1/T1 with 4 E1/T1 interfaces

• Maximum total interface capacity 104 x 2 Mbit/s with 3 x FXC RRI + 2xFXC E1/T1

• Protected 56 x 2 Mbit/s non-blocking cross connection bus with 8kbit/s granularity for traffic protection

• Cross-connection types: B2 (Branching bidirectional), M2 (Masked bidirectional), PB2 (Protected Branching bidirectional), PM D (Fixed Data) for flexible traffic management

• Granularities: B-type: 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k M-type: 64kD-type: 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k

PB-type: nx64k / 64k / 32k

• UltraSite Triplemode BTS has a built in TRS croscconnection node like Metrohub, but with maximum four plug-in units


MetroHub C1.2 Features

Cross connection & interfacing capability:• Cross-connection bus capacity 56 x 2 Mbit/s non-blocking with 8 kbit/s granularity

• Max. interface capacity of the node 160 x 2 Mbit/s•5xFXC RRI possible

•Support for up to 10 Nokia FlexiHopper or MetroHopper radio outdoor units or 20 E1/T1 connections or a mixture of both.

•Basic cross-connection types & granularities:

• B2 Bi-directional 2M / nx64k / 64k / 32k /16k / 8k• D Uni-directional fixed 64k / 32k / 16k / 8k• M2 Bi-directional masked 64k

•Protected cross-connection type(s) & granularity:

• P2 Protected bi-directional nx64k / 64k / 32k


FXC RRI Transmission Unit

General:• For connecting to the outdoor units of the Nokia

FlexiHopper and MetroHopper or to another radio indoor unit

• Two Flexbus interfaces per card• Operating mode: Single use supported

Interface:• The capacity of Flexbus interface is software-selectable

between 2 x 2, 4 x 2, 8 x 2 and 16 x 2 Mbit/s• With Nokia MetroHopper outdoor unit, the capacity

always 4 x 2 Mbit/s • Distance to radio outdoor unit up to 300m• Power feed to radio via Flexbus cable• Connector type TNC, impedance 50


FXC RRI

FXC RRI Cross-connect

2M XC

XC Bus56x2M

inMetroHub

16 x 2 16 x 2

16 x 2 16 x 2

Capacity which is not dropped to the cross-connection bus

can be by passed at 2Mbit/s level

MUX 4x 24 x 2

4 * dbus (in Metrosite,Ultrasite)

8k XC

8k XC

4x 2

8x 2


FXC E1/T1 & FXC E1 Transmission UnitsGeneral:

• 4 interfaces per unit• Each interface configurable as E1 or T1• Interface 4 can be used for external synchronization• up to 1km with coaxial cable

E1- interface:• G.703, G.704 (20dB)• FXC E1 (75 interface ,

BT43 connector, asymmetric) • FXC E1/T1 (120 interface

TQ connector, symmetric)

T1- interface:• ANSI T1.403 NI• ANSI T1.102 DSX• 100 interface

(TQ connector, symmetric)


Nokia MetroHub Applications

• Increasing the truncking efficiency by grooming

• Chain, star, & loop topologies in a transmission network

• Transmission media change

• Several Nokia MetroHubs can be combined using FlexBus

• For more information see: • Nokia MetroHub Transmission Node Product Description

C33525.85.C0 (C1.0), • Nokia MetroSite Transmission Solution Release C1.0 Features and

work Instructions E10016361QE_12• Nokia MetroHub Transmission Node: User Manual, Product

Description C33525.85.D0 (C1.2)• http://www.ntc.nokia.com/NTC/RAS/KILO/metrohub.nsf• http://www.online.nokia.com


MetroHub Example 16x2M Loop (1/3)

3X2M plugin units

Note: 16x2M loop with 2M line interfaces is not the most suitable application with MetroHub, but it higlights the restrictions in planning very well.

FXCE1/T1

FXCRRI

FXCRRI

FXCRRI

Loop Direction 2

Loop Direction 1

To RNC

To RNC



FXCE1/T1

FXCRRI

FXCRRI

FXCRRI

EXU

Loop Direction 1

Loop Direction 2

To RNC


FXCE1/T1

FXCRRI

FXCE1/T1


FXCE1/T1

FXCRRI

FXCE1/T1

Loop Direction 1Loop Direction 2

To RNC

To RNC


Nokia MetroHub Node Management

• One manager for cross-connect, interfaces, radios and cabinet

• Commissioning wizard

• PC-based MetroHub Manager

• Remote management via NMS

• Local management access possible without disturbing the NMS and without any additional hardware

• Node configurations and cross connections off-line

• Local (later slow-speed-remote) software download without traffic interruption

• New user-friendly cross-connection view


Session exercises

• How many transmission units can fit to MetroHub ?• List all transmission units available?• What is the size of PDH cross-connection bus in

MetroHub?• Draw an example how to arrange 16 x 2 Mbps loop

using MetroHub.

Q


Session exercises

• How many interfaces are there in FXC E1/T1 card?• How many and what kind of interfaces are there in

FXC RRI card?• Draw a block diagram of FXC RRI cross-connection

capability.

Q


FIU 19FIU 19


Radio Indoor Unit: FIU 19• This is Indoor Unit with 19" applications.

• One FIU19 supports upto 4 ODUs

via the flexbus connections

• When more than 2 ODUs are connected,

flexbus with own power supply is required.

• When 4 ODUs are connected, then the

ones configured with the Flexbus interfaces

must be configured to protected mode.

So, transmission to a maximum of three

directions can be achieved with one

FIU19 indoor unit.


• Supports up to 4 FlexiHoppers and/or MetroHoppers (one protected )

• Modular structure (add/drop capacity upgrade etc.)

• Up to 16x2Mbit/s add/drop capacity• 2Mbit/s cross-connection

Plug-in-unit interface modules• 4x2M tributaries (75 and 120 )• Flexbuses 3 and 4• Auxiliary data channels

Plug-in-unit interface modules• 4x2M tributaries (75 and 120 )• Flexbuses 3 and 4• Auxiliary data channels

Radio Indoor Unit - FIU 19

2/3 U


4x2M add/drop capacity

Radio Indoor Unit - FIU 19 (cont.)

Expansion unit for 16x2Mbit/s add/drop & baseband branching

Expansion unit for 16x2Mbit/s add/drop & baseband branching

Protecting FIU19 for 1+1 FIU 19 configuration

Protecting FIU19 for 1+1 FIU 19 configuration

2 U

16x2M add/drop capacity 16x2M add/drop capacity - Protected FIU 1916x2M add/drop capacity - Protected FIU 19

Modular structure enables easy configuration changes


Flexbus & 2Mbit/s cross-connection

16x2Mbit/s data in serial format - to outdoor unit or to another indoor unit


2M CrossConnection

One of the 2M cross connection field edges provides up to 16x2 Mbit/s simultaneous Interfaces


Three of the 2Mbit/s cross connection field edges are multiplexed to a serial signal



Flexbus & protection

Flexbuses 1 and 2 can be configured for protection

Flexbuses 1 and 2 can be configured for protection

Protection switchProtection switch

2M CrossConnection








• Unprotected Stations with FIU 19

• Protected Stations with FIU 19

• Endless configurations possible, see product description for examples

FIU 19: Applications


FIU 19: Management

• FIU19 has two Q1 ports: Q1-1, Q1-2 on the front panel.

• Inside FIU19, the Q1 signal is routed through the branching gates the position of these gates is set by the Nokia Hopper Manager.

Fault Handling

• With the old style GSM BTS, Q1 type fault supervision can be used.

• Nokia Hopper Manager can be used to read the alarms.


Pure 3G chain site in RAN 1.5

RNC

Flexbus from 3G BTS

ATMSWITCH

NIU

WSP WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...

WAM

WSP WSP WSP...

WAM

IFU E

• • •

• • •

RAN1Phase 1.5

FlexbusesFlexiHoppers/MetroHoppers

Metro

Hub

FXCRRI

FXCE1/T1


Pure loop protected 3G site in RAN 1.5

RNC

Flexbus from 3G BTS

ATMSWITCH

NIU

WSP WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...

WAM

WSP WSP WSP...

WAM

IFU E

• • •

• • •

RAN1Phase 1.5

FlexbusesFlexiHoppers/MetroHoppers

Metro

Hub

FXCRRI

FXCRRI

Metro

Hub

FXCRRI

FXCE1/T1


Fractional and non fractional E1's

RNC

BSC

ET

COMMONTRANSPORTON MICROWAVE

E1's for 3G BTS

WSP WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...

WAM

WSP WSP WSP...

WAM

IFU E

ATMSWITCH

• • •

• • •

• One or several, fractional or non fractional E1's

Non fractional E1 Fractional E1 shared with 2G BTS

MetroHub

FXCRRI

FXCE1/T1 NIU

FB1

2G BTSTRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRUA

RRIC

D-bus

FB2

LIF2

LIF3

FB1

RAN1Phase 1.5


Session exercises

• What is the basic configuration of FIU 19?

• What different building blocks do we have for FIU 19?

• Draw a picture of FIU 19 cross-connection field?

Q


SDH Transmission


SDH Transmission in 3G RAN

• Brings multimedia capability to RAN access

• Meets capacity demand for mobile networks

• Combines fibre and radio transmission to enable the most cost effective and fastest network roll-out to be selected

• Provides simple, future proof and cost efficient solutions in a network with increasingly complex functions


Capacity expansion-Future demand

• More carrier channels allocated

• Dual-band solution

• Transition to micro and pico cells

• EDGE increases required transfer

capacity three-fold compared

to GSM

• Transmission capacity required by

WCDMA is very dependent on on the network configuration and traffic profile

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Single bandGSM

Dual bandGSM

EDGE WCDMA

Mb

it/s

per

macro

cell b

ase s

tati

on

High capacity BTS

low


Network Applications

n x 2Mbit/s

BTS

BTS

Nokia UltraSite Base Station family

Nokia UltraSiteTM

Base Station family

Access networkSTM-1

BSC

RNC

BSC

RNC

MSC

SXCT

Marconi SDH CrossConnect node,

e.g. SMA-4

Backbone network STM-4, STM-16


e.g. SMA-4


e.g. SMA-4


• Basic configuration for STM-1 or STM-4 add/drop multiplexer and flexible upgrade path to STM-16 operation

• Wide range of optical and electrical interfaces available at speeds from E1 to STM-16

• Up to 256 x 2 Mbit/s access per single sub-rack

• Provides full connetivity for VC4/3/2/1 granularity

• ATM/IP over SDH support

• 64 kbit/s switching capability within VC-12 (Combiner)

• Unit protection: 1:1 and 1:n (n<8) tributary protection

SDH Features - SMA4 Node


Integration of SMA4/16 with other RAN Network Elements

• SMA or SMA16 can be installed in the same ETSI rack as FIU19 and SDH microwave radios (OEM)

• The connection towards FIU-19 is nx2M

• The interface to SDH radios is STM-1 optical interface

SMA4/16

Power

FIU19

FIU19

STM-4/16

STM-116

-25

2 x

2M

bit

/s

NOKIABSS/RAN

STM-4/16BSC/RNC or SXC T

SDH Microwave Radios

Nokia MetroHopperTM Radio

Nokia FlexiHopperTM

Microwave Radio


Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio

• SDH, STM-1 (155 Mb/s)

• 32 TCM modulation method

• Frequency bands• 17.7 - 19.7 GHz• 21.2 - 23.6 GHz• 24.25 - 26.5 GHz


Integration Solution

Co-ax

PowerHopper Microwave Radio with UltraSite (GSM, Triple-mode)

IDU

ADM

Installation rack

UltraSiteBase Station

2 Mbit/scables

IDU 1

IDU 2

ADM


Integration Solution

Co-ax

PowerHopper Microwave Radio with 3G BTS (Supreme, Optima)

IDU

Installation rack

3G Base Station

IDU 1

IDU 2


• SDH STM-1 (155 Mbit/s)• - Frequencies: 18, 23 (with 2 different duplex spacing), 26 GHz• - Bandwidth: 56 MHz• - Tx power: +17.0 / +21.5 dBm• - Rx threshold: -73.0 / -73.5 dBm (at 10-

6 BER)

• Modulation: 32, 64 and 128 TCM• Automatic Transmission Power Control (ATPC) 10 dB range

Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio

Performance


• Power Consumption (terminal):

•<78 W (1+0); <170 W (1+1)• Dimension

•IDU: 483mmx250mmx50mm•HSB IDU switch: 483mmx250mmx50mm•ODU (1+0): 135mmx310mmx430mm•HSB ODU: 225mmx310mmx450mm

•Weight•IDU (1+0): 3 kg•IDU (1+1): 9.1 kg•ODU (1+0 without antenna): 8.1 kg•ODU (1+1 without antenna): 10.1 kg

Nokia PowerHopper Microwave Radio Data


• Branching unit mounted directly to the antenna unit (requires Nera antennas)

•Nera antennas (HP series):• 18 Ghz 45cm 36.6 dBi, 60 cm 39.5 dBi, 120 cm

45.6 dBi

• 23 Ghz 45 cm 38.1 dBi, 60 cm 41.6 dBi, 120 cm 47 dBi

• 26 GHz 45 cm 39.1 dBi, 60 cm 42.5 dBi, 120 cm 47.6 dBi

• Branching and transceiver units connected to antenna from other suppliers: flexible wave guide is needed

Microwave Antenna Data


Typical Hop Lengths

0

5

10

15

20

25

20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Rain intensity [mm/h]

Path

len

gth

[km

]

99.99 %

99.999 %

0.6m antennasvertical polarizationrain outage only


Typical Hop Lengths

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

PL-factor [%]

Path

len

gth

[km

]

99.99 %

99.999 %

0.6m antennasmultipath fading only


Hop lengths

18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz• North Europe

• 30 cm 12 km 11 km 11 km• 60 cm 18 km 17 km 18 km• 120 cm 29 km 27 km 27 km

• South Europe• 30 cm 9 km 7 km 6 km• 60 cm 14 km 10 km 9 km• 120 cm 21 km 15 km 12 km

• Tropical• 30 cm 4 km 3 km 2 km• 60 cm 6 km 4 km 3 km• 120 cm 8 km 6 km 5 km


Session exercises

• What frequency bands are supported by PowerHopper?

• Draw an integration picture for PowerHopper in 3G Ultrasite Supreme BTS site.

• Draw an integration picture for PowerHopper in 2G Ultrasite BTS site.

• What is the bandwidth for STM-1 signal?

• What is RX threshold for 10e-6 BER?

Q


Circuit EmulationUnstructured service

RNC

BSC

ET

E1 from 2G BTS

ATMSWITCH

Non fractional E1

AXCIFU A

NIU

2G BTSTRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRX

TRUAD-bus

LIF1

RAN1Phase 1.5

WSP WSP

3G BTS AXC

...

WSP WSP...

IFU A

IFU CWAM

WAM

• • •

• • •

CESIWF

STM-1 connection

• •

E1

VCC

VCC

VCC

VPC

AXU

CESIWF

VCC

VCC

VCC

VPC

IFU C

IU IU

session3 transmission equipment

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