settling the northern colonies
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Settling the Northern Colonies. Chapter Three. Alden, John Allerton , Isaac Mary (Norris) Allerton , wife Bartholomew Allerton , son Remember Allerton , daughter Mary Allerton , daughter Allerton , John Billington , John Eleanor Billington , wife John Billington , son - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Settling the Northern Colonies
Chapter Three
Alden, John Allerton, Isaac Mary (Norris)
Allerton, wife Bartholomew
Allerton, son Remember Allerton,
daughter Mary Allerton,
daughter Allerton, John Billington, John Eleanor Billington,
wife John Billington, son Francis Billington,
son Bradford, William Dorothy (May)
Bradford, wife Brewster, William
Mary Brewster, wife Love Brewster, son Wrestling Brewster,
son Britteridge, Richard More, Ellen Jasper More, brother Richard More,
brother Mary More, sister Mullins, William Alice Mullins, wife Priscilla Mullins,
daughter Joseph Mullins, son Priest, Degory Rigsdale, John Alice Rigsdale, wife Rogers, Thomas Joseph Rogers, son
Standish, Myles Rose Standish, wife Tilley, Edward Ann (Cooper) Tilley,
wife Tilley, John Joan (Hurst)(Rogers)
Tilley, wife Elizabeth Tilley,
daughter Tinker, Thomas Mrs. Thomas Tinker,
wife boy Tinker, son
What do you notice about the people on this list?
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A Religious Venture
Protestantism spreads across Europe Many felt Catholic church had become
corrupt and wanted to “get back to basics” English Protestants who thought the
Reformation didn’t go far enough = Puritans
Some Puritan Separatists wanted total separation from Church of England
Pilgrims (some Separatists, others not) set sail for America in Mayflower in 1620 to practice religion freely
Pilgrims signed Mayflower Compact (laws for greater good) before disembarking and established Plymouth Colony
Originally destined for VA, but thrown off course
More than half of the group died during the first winter from hunger, cold, and sickness
The rest survived mostly because of help from Wampanoag Indians
The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth
Massachusetts Bay founded by Puritan merchants to make profit, also for religious reasons John Winthrop “We must be as
a City upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us”
Colony’s success inspired Great Migration
Much of colony’s government based on rule by the Godly
Religious leaders conducted public interrogations of people who claimed to have experienced conversion
Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth
Anne Hutchinson Claimed that because of
predestination it wasn’t necessary to obey the laws of God or man
Brought to trial and banished Moved to Rhode Island, then NY
where she and all but one family member were killed by Indians
Roger Williams Extreme Separatist Denied authority of government
of Massachusetts Bay Colony Put on trial and found guilty Banished, he fled to Rhode Island
area where he built a Baptist church and established complete freedom of religion
Believed in buying land from Indians rather than taking it
King Philip’s War
Massasoit (Wampanoag chieftan) made treaty with Pilgrims
Confrontations with Indians were increasing
Tried to convert Indians to Christianity Natives well armed
attacked over half of New England towns, killed 600, destroyed 12 towns completely
Mohawk and Christian Indians oppose Metacomet (known as King Philip – son of Massasoit)
Metcomet beheaded, drawn and quartered Wife and children sold into slavery Indians flee, New York or Canada
New England Indian population reduced by 40%, worsened English hostility to Indians
Indians never again posed major threat to colonists
Colonial Unity and Independence
Charles II shows favor to CT and works against Massachusetts Bay
King James II wishes stronger hold on colonies Sends investigators Colonies restricted heavily
Glorious Revolution in England inspires strikes against royal authority in New England
More English officials brought to America, but many were incompetent
The Dutch and New York
New York Seized by British from Dutch, 1664, renamed for
Charles II’s bro, James (soon to be II) Then Duke of York
Dutch gave up peacefully, preferring British rule 1685, James becomes King, immigration spikes
(9000 in 1664 to 20,000 1700 Rich Dutch and English landholders (“patroons”)
own vast estates, form vastly influential social and political elite
Most Dutch allowed to keep Hudson River Valley holdings
Together with the British royalists, formed a powerful upper class in New York
Dutch names such as Roosevelt, Van Buren, Vanderbilt and others are evidence of initial Dutch presence in New Netherland
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania - payment by Charles II to William Penn, son of strong Stuart supporter (and Admiral)
Quakers - “The Society of Friends” adherents of George Fox “Quaking with the Spirit” no hat tipping to “betters”, no swearing oaths refused military service equality of women refusal to adopt formal creed, order of worship persecuted in England (and by the Church of
England) Fined for missing Anglican services, most
couldn’t (wouldn’t ) pay William Penn
Jailed 1669, freed, took King’s payment prepared for emigration to America
Philadelphia ( the city of Brotherly Love) formed unicameral gov’t, Quaker dominated relatively late settlement meant fewer Indian
encounters Penn in debt, spent most of time in England Died in debt, but Colony strong success