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CATHOLICISMCATHOLICISM



DefinitionDefinition

Catholicism has two main ecclesiasticalCatholicism has two main ecclesiasticalmeanings, described inmeanings, described in Webster'sWebster's

DictionaryDictionary as: a) "the whole orthodoxas: a) "the whole orthodoxchristian church, or adherencechristian church, or adherencethereto;" and b) "the doctrines or faiththereto;" and b) "the doctrines or faith

of theof the Roman Catholic churchRoman Catholic church, or, or

adherence thereto."adherence thereto." 11 The term comesThe term comesfrom thefrom the GreekGreek adjectiveadjective (katholikos), meaning "general" or(katholikos), meaning "general" or

"universal", the feminine form."universal", the feminine form.



HistoryHistory A fter Jesus died, Simon Peter, one of Jesus' disciples, became a strong leader in the Jewish Christian A fter Jesus died, Simon Peter, one of Jesus' disciples, became a strong leader in the Jewish Christian

movement. Later James, most likely Jesus' brother, took over leadership. These followers of Christ movement. Later James, most likely Jesus' brother, took over leadership. These followers of Christ viewed themselves as a reform movement within Judaism yet they continued to follow many of theviewed themselves as a reform movement within Judaism yet they continued to follow many of theJewish laws.Jewish laws.

A t this time Saul, originally one of the strongest persecutors of the early Jewish Christians, had a A t this time Saul, originally one of the strongest persecutors of the early Jewish Christians, had ablinding visionblinding vision of Jesus Christ on the road to Damascus, and became a Christian. A dopting the nameof Jesus Christ on the road to Damascus, and became a Christian. A dopting the namePaul, he became the greatest evangelist of the early Christian church. Paul's ministry, also calledPaul, he became the greatest evangelist of the early Christian church. Paul's ministry, also calledPauline Christianity, was directed mainly to Gentiles rather than Jews. In subtle ways, the early churchPauline Christianity, was directed mainly to Gentiles rather than Jews. In subtle ways, the early churchwas already becoming divided.was already becoming divided.

A nother belief system at this time was A nother belief system at this time was GnosticGnostic Christianity, which taught that Jesus was a spirit being,Christianity, which taught that Jesus was a spirit being,sent by God to impart knowledge to humans so that they could escape the miseries of life on earth.sent by God to impart knowledge to humans so that they could escape the miseries of life on earth.

In addition to Gnostic, Jewish, and Pauline Christianity, there were already many other versions of In addition to Gnostic, Jewish, and Pauline Christianity, there were already many other versions of Christianity being taught. A fter the fall of Jerusalem in 70 A D, the Jewish Christian movement wasChristianity being taught. A fter the fall of Jerusalem in 70 A D, the Jewish Christian movement wasscattered. Pauline and Gnostic Christianity were left as the dominant groups.scattered. Pauline and Gnostic Christianity were left as the dominant groups.

The Roman Empire legally recognized Pauline Christianity as a valid religion in 313 A D. Later in that The Roman Empire legally recognized Pauline Christianity as a valid religion in 313 A D. Later in that century, in 380 A D, Roman Catholicism became the official religion of the Roman Empire. During thecentury, in 380 A D, Roman Catholicism became the official religion of the Roman Empire. During thefollowing 1000 years, Catholics were the only people recognized as Christians.following 1000 years, Catholics were the only people recognized as Christians.

In 1054 A D, a formal split occurred between the Roman Catholic andIn 1054 A D, a formal split occurred between the Roman Catholic and Eastern OrthodoxEastern Orthodox churches. Thischurches. Thisdivision remains in effect today.division remains in effect today.

The next major division occurred in the 16th century with the Protestant Reformation.The next major division occurred in the 16th century with the Protestant Reformation. Those who remained faithful to Roman Catholicism believed that the central regulation of doctrine byThose who remained faithful to Roman Catholicism believed that the central regulation of doctrine by

church leaders was necessary to prevent confusion and division within the church and corruption of itschurch leaders was necessary to prevent confusion and division within the church and corruption of its

beliefs.beliefs.



Beliefs and practicesBeliefs and practices Authority Within the Church Authority Within the Church -- Catholics believe the authority of the church liesCatholics believe the authority of the church lies

within the hierarchy of the church; Protestants believe the authority of the church lieswithin the hierarchy of the church; Protestants believe the authority of the church lieswithin the believer.within the believer.

BaptismBaptism -- Catholics (as well as Lutherans, Episcopalians/ A nglicans and some otherCatholics (as well as Lutherans, Episcopalians/ A nglicans and some otherProtestants) believe that Baptism is a sacrament that regenerates and justifies, and isProtestants) believe that Baptism is a sacrament that regenerates and justifies, and isusually done in infancy; Most Protestants believe Baptism is an outward testimony of ausually done in infancy; Most Protestants believe Baptism is an outward testimony of aprior inward regeneration, usually done after a person confesses Jesus as Savior andprior inward regeneration, usually done after a person confesses Jesus as Savior andobtains an understanding of the significance of Baptism. Visit A bout.com's Catholicismobtains an understanding of the significance of Baptism. Visit A bout.com's Catholicism

site to understand more about thesite to understand more about the Catholic Sacrament of BaptismCatholic Sacrament of Baptism..

The BibleThe Bible -- Catholics believe that truth is found in the Bible, as interpreted by theCatholics believe that truth is found in the Bible, as interpreted by thechurch, but also found in church tradition. Protestants believe that truth is found inchurch, but also found in church tradition. Protestants believe that truth is found inScripture, as interpreted by the individual, and that the original writings of the authorsScripture, as interpreted by the individual, and that the original writings of the authorsof the Bible are without error.of the Bible are without error.

Forgiveness of SinForgiveness of Sin -- Catholics believeCatholics believe forgivenessforgiveness of sin is achieved throughof sin is achieved through

church ritual, with the assistance of a priest in confession. Protestants believechurch ritual, with the assistance of a priest in confession. Protestants believeforgiveness of sin is received throughforgiveness of sin is received through repentancerepentance and confession to God directlyand confession to God directlywithout any human intercessor.without any human intercessor.

HellHell -- The New A dvent Catholic Encyclopedia definesThe New A dvent Catholic Encyclopedia defines hellhell in the strict sense, asin the strict sense, as"the place of punishment for the damned" including limbo of infants, limbo of the"the place of punishment for the damned" including limbo of infants, limbo of theFathers, and purgatory. Similarly, Protestants believe hell is a real physical place of Fathers, and purgatory. Similarly, Protestants believe hell is a real physical place of punishment which lasts for all eternity, but reject the concepts of limbo and purgatory.punishment which lasts for all eternity, but reject the concepts of limbo and purgatory.



Immaculate Conception of MaryImmaculate Conception of Mary -- Roman Catholics are required to believeRoman Catholics are required to believethat whenthat when MaryMary herself was conceived, she was without original sin.herself was conceived, she was without original sin.

I

nfallibility of the PopeI

nfallibility of the Pope--

This is a required belief of the Catholic ChurchThis is a required belief of the Catholic Churchin matters of religious doctrine.in matters of religious doctrine.

The Lord's Supper (Eucharist/The Lord's Supper (Eucharist/CommunionCommunion

)) -- Catholics believe thisCatholics believe thissacrifice is Christ's body and blood physically present and consumed bysacrifice is Christ's body and blood physically present and consumed bybelievers ("believers ("transubstantiationtransubstantiation"). Most Protestants believe this observance is a"). Most Protestants believe this observance is ameal in memory of Christ's sacrificed body and blood, and it symbolizes onlymeal in memory of Christ's sacrificed body and blood, and it symbolizes onlyHis life now present in the believer. They reject the concept of His life now present in the believer. They reject the concept of transubstantiation.transubstantiation.

Mary's StatusMary's Status -- Catholics believe the Virgin Mary is below Jesus but aboveCatholics believe the Virgin Mary is below Jesus but abovethat of the saints.that of the saints.

PrayerPrayer -- Catholics believe in praying to God and also praying to Mary or aCatholics believe in praying to God and also praying to Mary or a

saint to intercede on their behalf. Protestants believe prayer is addressed tosaint to intercede on their behalf. Protestants believe prayer is addressed toGod and not to saints.God and not to saints.

PurgatoryPurgatory -- Catholics believe purgatory is a state of being after death inCatholics believe purgatory is a state of being after death inwhich souls are cleansed by purifying punishments before they can enterwhich souls are cleansed by purifying punishments before they can enterheaven. Protestants deny the existence of Purgatory.heaven. Protestants deny the existence of Purgatory.



Right to LifeRight to Life -- The Roman Catholic Church teaches that ending the life of a preThe Roman Catholic Church teaches that ending the life of a pre--embryo, embryo or fetus cannot be allowed, except in very rare cases where a lifeembryo, embryo or fetus cannot be allowed, except in very rare cases where a life--saving operation on the woman results in the unintended death of the embryo or fetus.saving operation on the woman results in the unintended death of the embryo or fetus.Individual Roman Catholics often take a position that is more liberal than the officialIndividual Roman Catholics often take a position that is more liberal than the officialstance of the Church. Conservative Protestants differ in their stance on abortion access.stance of the Church. Conservative Protestants differ in their stance on abortion access.

Some permit it in cases where the pregnancy was initiated through rape or incest. A t theSome permit it in cases where the pregnancy was initiated through rape or incest. A t theother extreme, some believe that abortion is never warranted, even to save the life of other extreme, some believe that abortion is never warranted, even to save the life of the woman.the woman.

SacramentsSacraments -- Catholics believe the sacraments are a means of grace. ProtestantsCatholics believe the sacraments are a means of grace. Protestantsbelieve they are a symbol of grace.believe they are a symbol of grace.

SaintsSaints -- Much emphasis is placed on the saints in the Catholic religion. ProtestantsMuch emphasis is placed on the saints in the Catholic religion. Protestantsbelieve that allbelieve that all born againborn again believers are saints and that no special emphasis should bebelievers are saints and that no special emphasis should begiven to them.given to them.

SalvationSalvation -- The Catholic religion teaches that salvation depends on faith, works andThe Catholic religion teaches that salvation depends on faith, works andsacraments. Protestant religions teach that salvation depends on faith only.sacraments. Protestant religions teach that salvation depends on faith only.

Salvation (Losing Salvation)Salvation (Losing Salvation) -- Catholics believe that salvation is lost when aCatholics believe that salvation is lost when a

responsible person commits a mortal sin. It can be regained through repentance and theresponsible person commits a mortal sin. It can be regained through repentance and thesacrament of confession. Protestants usually believe, once a person is saved, theysacrament of confession. Protestants usually believe, once a person is saved, theycannot lose their salvation. Some denominations teach that a person can lose theircannot lose their salvation. Some denominations teach that a person can lose theirsalvation.salvation.

StatuesStatues -- Catholics give honor to statues and images as symbolic of the individualCatholics give honor to statues and images as symbolic of the individualsaints. Many Protestants consider veneration of statues to be idolatry.saints. Many Protestants consider veneration of statues to be idolatry.



SeventhSeventh--Day AdventistDay Adventist

ChurchChurch




The term A dventist is used interchangeably with the SeventhThe term A dventist is used interchangeably with the Seventh--dayday A dventist Church. The Seventh A dventist Church. The Seventh--day designation serves as aday designation serves as areminder that their Sabbath is distinguished by its observance onreminder that their Sabbath is distinguished by its observance onSaturday, the seventh or last day of the week, instead of a SundaySaturday, the seventh or last day of the week, instead of a Sunday

Sabbath. In fact, the A

dventists, like Jews, observe the Sabbath fromSabbath. In fact, the A

dventists, like Jews, observe the Sabbath fromFriday sunset to Saturday sunset. A ccording to the creation story inFriday sunset to Saturday sunset. A ccording to the creation story inthe Bible, Saturday was instituted by God as the day of rest, and thethe Bible, Saturday was instituted by God as the day of rest, and thecommandment concerning Sabbath rest is part of God's eternal law.commandment concerning Sabbath rest is part of God's eternal law.

A dventism is one of a group of Protestant Christian churches with a A dventism is one of a group of Protestant Christian churches with abelief in the Second Coming, with firm roots in the Hebrew andbelief in the Second Coming, with firm roots in the Hebrew andChristian prophetic tradition. They believe that when Christ returnsChristian prophetic tradition. They believe that when Christ returnshe will separate the saints from the wicked. The founder of the faith,he will separate the saints from the wicked. The founder of the faith,

William Miller (1782William Miller (1782 1849), was a Baptist preacher. His followers1849), was a Baptist preacher. His followerswere called Millerites. Miller came to the conclusion that Christ wouldwere called Millerites. Miller came to the conclusion that Christ wouldarrive sometime between March 21, 1843, and March 21, 1844.arrive sometime between March 21, 1843, and March 21, 1844.Though he was encouraged in this view by some clergymen andThough he was encouraged in this view by some clergymen andfollowers, Miller was also accused of being a fanatic because hefollowers, Miller was also accused of being a fanatic because heinsisted that Christ would arrive on schedule with a fieryinsisted that Christ would arrive on schedule with a fieryconflagrationconflagration



HistoryHistory

The SeventhThe Seventh--day A dventist Church is the largest of severalday A dventist Church is the largest of several A dventist A dventist groupsgroupswhich arose from thewhich arose from the MilleriteMillerite movement of the 1840s in upstatemovement of the 1840s in upstate New YorkNew York, a, aphase of thephase of the Second Great A wakeningSecond Great A wakening. Miller predicted on the basis of . Miller predicted on the basis of ""dayday--year principleyear principle" that " that Jesus Christ Jesus Christ would return to Earth between the Spring of would return to Earth between the Spring of 1843 and the Spring of 1844. In the summer of 1844, Millerite A dventists came1843 and the Spring of 1844. In the summer of 1844, Millerite A dventists cameto believe that Jesus would return on October 22, 1844, understood to be theto believe that Jesus would return on October 22, 1844, understood to be theBiblical Day of A tonement for that year.Biblical Day of A tonement for that year. When this did not happenWhen this did not happen, most of his, most of his

followers disbanded and returned to their original churches.followers disbanded and returned to their original churches.

Some Millerites came to believe that Miller's calculations were correct, but that Some Millerites came to believe that Miller's calculations were correct, but that his interpretation of Daniel 8:14 was flawed as he assumed it was the 'earthhis interpretation of Daniel 8:14 was flawed as he assumed it was the 'earththat was to be cleansed' or Christ would come to cleanse the world. Thesethat was to be cleansed' or Christ would come to cleanse the world. These A dventists arrived at the conviction that Daniel 8:14 foretold Christ's entrance A dventists arrived at the conviction that Daniel 8:14 foretold Christ's entranceinto the Most Holy Place of the heavenly sanctuary rather than hisinto the Most Holy Place of the heavenly sanctuary rather than his secondsecond

comingcoming. This new awareness of a sanctuary in heaven became an important . This new awareness of a sanctuary in heaven became an important part of their thinking. Over the next few decades this understanding developedpart of their thinking. Over the next few decades this understanding developedinto the doctrine of theinto the doctrine of the investigative judgment investigative judgment : an: an eschatologicaleschatological processprocesscommencing in 1844 in which Christians will be judged to verify their eligibilitycommencing in 1844 in which Christians will be judged to verify their eligibilityfor salvation and God's justice will be confirmed before the universe. This groupfor salvation and God's justice will be confirmed before the universe. This groupof A dventists continued to believe that Christ's second coming would beof A dventists continued to believe that Christ's second coming would beimminent. They resisted setting further dates for the event, citing Revelationimminent. They resisted setting further dates for the event, citing Revelation10:6, "that there should be time no longer."10:6, "that there should be time no longer."[12][12]



A s the early A dventist movement consolidated, A s the early A dventist movement consolidated,

the question of the biblical day of rest andthe question of the biblical day of rest andworship was raised. The foremost proponent worship was raised. The foremost proponent of of SabbathSabbath--keeping among early A dventistskeeping among early A dventistswaswas Joseph BatesJoseph Bates. Bates was introduced to the. Bates was introduced to the

Sabbath doctrine by a tract written by MilleriteSabbath doctrine by a tract written by Milleritepreacherpreacher Thomas M. PrebleThomas M. Preble, who in turn had, who in turn hadbeen influenced bybeen influenced by Rachel Oakes PrestonRachel Oakes Preston, a, ayoungyoung Seventh Day Baptist Seventh Day Baptist . This message was. This message wasgradually accepted and formed the topic of thegradually accepted and formed the topic of the

first edition of the church publicationfirst edition of the church publication TheThePresent TruthPresent Truth (now the(now the A dventist Review A dventist Review),),which appeared in July 1849.which appeared in July 1849.



BeliefsBeliefs

A dventists A dventists claim but one creed: Theclaim but one creed: TheBible, and the Bible alone.Bible, and the Bible alone.

A dventist doctrine A dventist doctrine --

resemblesresembles trinitariantrinitarian Protestant Protestant theology,theology,

withwith premillennialpremillennial andand A rminian A rminian emphasesemphases..



In addition, there is a generally recognized set of "distinctive" doctrines whichIn addition, there is a generally recognized set of "distinctive" doctrines whichdistinguish A dventism from the rest of the Christian world, although not all of thesedistinguish A dventism from the rest of the Christian world, although not all of theseteachings are wholly unique to A dventism:teachings are wholly unique to A dventism:

LawLaw (fundamental belief 19)(fundamental belief 19) the Law of God is "embodied in thethe Law of God is "embodied in the TenTenCommandmentsCommandments", which continue to be binding upon Christians.", which continue to be binding upon Christians.

SabbathSabbath (fundamental belief 20)(fundamental belief 20) thethe SabbathSabbath should be observed on the seventhshould be observed on the seventhday of the week, specifically, from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset.day of the week, specifically, from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset.

Second Coming and End timesSecond Coming and End times (fundamental beliefs 25(fundamental beliefs 25 28)28) Jesus Christ Jesus Christ willwillreturn visibly to earth after a "time of trouble", during which the Sabbath will become areturn visibly to earth after a "time of trouble", during which the Sabbath will become aworldwide test. Theworldwide test. The second comingsecond coming will be followed by awill be followed by a millennialmillennial reign of the saintsreign of the saintsin heaven.in heaven. A dventist eschatology A dventist eschatology is based on theis based on the historicist historicist method of propheticmethod of propheticinterpretation.interpretation.

Wholistic human natureWholistic human nature (fundamental beliefs 7, 26)(fundamental beliefs 7, 26) Humans are an indivisibleHumans are an indivisibleunity of body, mind and spirit. They do not possess an immortalunity of body, mind and spirit. They do not possess an immortal soulsoul and there is noand there is no

consciousness after death (commonly referred to as "consciousness after death (commonly referred to as "soul sleepsoul sleep"). (See also:"). (See also: ChristianChristiananthropologyanthropology))

Conditional immortalityConditional immortality (fundamental belief 27)(fundamental belief 27) The wicked will not suffer eternalThe wicked will not suffer eternaltorment intorment in hellhell, but instead will be permanently destroyed. (See:, but instead will be permanently destroyed. (See: ConditionalConditionalimmortalityimmortality,, A nnihilationism A nnihilationism))



Great ControversyGreat Controversy (fundamental belief 8)(fundamental belief 8) Humanity is involved in a "Humanity is involved in a "great great controversycontroversy" between" between Jesus Christ Jesus Christ andand SatanSatan. This is an elaboration on the common. This is an elaboration on the commonChristian theory that evil began in heaven when an angelic being (Christian theory that evil began in heaven when an angelic being (LuciferLucifer) rebelled) rebelled

against the Law of God.against the Law of God.

Heavenly sanctuaryHeavenly sanctuary (fundamental belief 24)(fundamental belief 24) A t his ascension, Jesus Christ A t his ascension, Jesus Christ commenced ancommenced an atoningatoning ministry in theministry in the heavenly sanctuaryheavenly sanctuary. In 1844, he began to cleanse. In 1844, he began to cleansethe heavenly sanctuary in fulfillment of thethe heavenly sanctuary in fulfillment of the Day of A tonement Day of A tonement ..

Investigative JudgmentInvestigative Judgment (fundamental belief 24)(fundamental belief 24) A judgment of professed Christians A judgment of professed Christians

began in 1844, in which the books of record are examined for all the universe to see.began in 1844, in which the books of record are examined for all the universe to see.TheThe investigative judgment investigative judgment will affirm who will receive salvation, and vindicate God inwill affirm who will receive salvation, and vindicate God inthe eyes of the universe as just in his dealings with mankind.the eyes of the universe as just in his dealings with mankind.

RemnantRemnant (fundamental belief 13)(fundamental belief 13) There will be an endThere will be an end--timetime remnant remnant who keep thewho keep thecommandments of God and have "the testimony of Jesus" (commandments of God and have "the testimony of Jesus" (Revelation 12:17Revelation 12:17 ). This). Thisremnant proclaims the "remnant proclaims the "three angels' messagesthree angels' messages" of " of Revelation 14:6Revelation 14:6 1212 to the world.to the world.

Spirit of ProphecySpirit of Prophecy (fundamental belief 18)(fundamental belief 18) The ministry of The ministry of Ellen G. WhiteEllen G. White isiscommonly referred to as the "commonly referred to as the "Spirit of ProphecySpirit of Prophecy" and her writings are considered "a" and her writings are considered "acontinuing and authoritative source of truth",continuing and authoritative source of truth",[21][21] though ultimately subject to the Bible.though ultimately subject to the Bible.(See:(See: Inspiration of Ellen WhiteInspiration of Ellen White))



Culture and practicesCulture and practices Sabbath activitiesSabbath activities

To keep the weekly Sabbath holy, A dventists abstain from secularTo keep the weekly Sabbath holy, A dventists abstain from secularwork on Saturday. They will also usually refrain from purely secularwork on Saturday. They will also usually refrain from purely secularforms of recreation, such as competitive sport and watching nonforms of recreation, such as competitive sport and watching non--religious programs on television. However, nature walks, familyreligious programs on television. However, nature walks, family--oriented activities,oriented activities, charitable workcharitable work and other activities that areand other activities that are

compassionate in nature are encouraged.compassionate in nature are encouraged.

Much of Friday might be spent in preparation for the Sabbath; forMuch of Friday might be spent in preparation for the Sabbath; forexample, preparing meals and tidying homes. Some A dventistsexample, preparing meals and tidying homes. Some A dventistsgather for Friday evening worship to welcome in the Sabbath, agather for Friday evening worship to welcome in the Sabbath, apractice often known aspractice often known as Vespers Vespers..

Saturday afternoon activities vary widely depending on the cultural,Saturday afternoon activities vary widely depending on the cultural,ethnic and social background. In some churches, members andethnic and social background. In some churches, members andvisitors will participate in a fellowship (or "visitors will participate in a fellowship (or "potluckpotluck") lunch.") lunch.



Worship serviceWorship service

The major weekly worship service occurs on Saturday, typically commencing withThe major weekly worship service occurs on Saturday, typically commencing with SabbathSabbathSchoolSchool which is a structured time of which is a structured time of smallsmall--groupgroup study at church. Most A dventists make usestudy at church. Most A dventists make use

of an officially produced "Sabbath School Lesson", which deals with a particular biblical text of an officially produced "Sabbath School Lesson", which deals with a particular biblical text or doctrine every quarter. Special meetings are provided for children and youth in different or doctrine every quarter. Special meetings are provided for children and youth in different age groups during this time (analogous toage groups during this time (analogous to Sunday schoolSunday school in other churches).in other churches).

A fter a brief break, the community joins together again for a church service that follows a A fter a brief break, the community joins together again for a church service that follows atypical evangelical format, with atypical evangelical format, with a sermonsermon as a central feature. Corporate singing, Scriptureas a central feature. Corporate singing, Scripturereadings, prayers and an offering, including tithing (orreadings, prayers and an offering, including tithing (or money collectionmoney collection), are other), are otherstandard features. The instruments and forms of standard features. The instruments and forms of worship musicworship music vary greatly throughout thevary greatly throughout the

worldwide church.worldwide church.[28][28] Some churches in North A merica have aSome churches in North A merica have a contemporary Christiancontemporary Christianmusicmusic style, whereas other churches enjoy more traditionalstyle, whereas other churches enjoy more traditional hymnshymns including those found inincluding those found inthethe A dventist Hymnal A dventist Hymnal. Worship is known to be generally restrained.. Worship is known to be generally restrained.

Holy CommunionHoly Communion A dventists usually practice A dventists usually practice communioncommunion four times a year. The communion is anfour times a year. The communion is an openopen

serviceservice that is available to members and Christian nonthat is available to members and Christian non--members. It commences with amembers. It commences with a foot foot washingwashing ceremony, known as the "Ordinance of Humility", based on the Gospel account ceremony, known as the "Ordinance of Humility", based on the Gospel account

of of John 13John 13. The Ordinance of Humility is meant to symbolize Christ's washing of his. The Ordinance of Humility is meant to symbolize Christ's washing of hisdisciples' feet at thedisciples' feet at the Last SupperLast Supper and remind participants of the need to humbly serve oneand remind participants of the need to humbly serve oneanother. Participants segregate by gender to separate rooms to conduct this ritual,another. Participants segregate by gender to separate rooms to conduct this ritual,although some congregations allow married couples to perform the ordinance on eachalthough some congregations allow married couples to perform the ordinance on eachother and families are often encouraged to participate together. A fter its completion,other and families are often encouraged to participate together. A fter its completion,participants return to the main sanctuary for consumption of theparticipants return to the main sanctuary for consumption of the Lord's SupperLord's Supper, which, whichconsists of consists of unleavened breadunleavened bread and unfermented grape juice.and unfermented grape juice.



Health and dietHealth and diet Since the 1860s when the church began, wholeness and health have been an emphasis of Since the 1860s when the church began, wholeness and health have been an emphasis of

the A dventist church.[the A dventist church.[ A dventists are known for presenting a "health message" that A dventists are known for presenting a "health message" that recommendsrecommends vegetarianismvegetarianism and expects adherence to theand expects adherence to the kosherkosher laws inlaws in Leviticus 11Leviticus 11..Obedience to these laws means abstinence from pork, shellfish, and other foodsObedience to these laws means abstinence from pork, shellfish, and other foodsproscribed as "proscribed as "uncleanunclean". The church discourages its members from the use". The church discourages its members from the useof of alcoholalcohol,, tobaccotobacco or illegal drugs (compareor illegal drugs (compare Christianity and alcoholChristianity and alcohol). In addition, some). In addition, some A dventists avoid A dventists avoid coffeecoffee,, teatea,, colacola, and other beverages containing, and other beverages containing caffeinecaffeine..

The pioneers of the A dventist Church had much to do with the common acceptanceThe pioneers of the A dventist Church had much to do with the common acceptanceof of breakfast cerealsbreakfast cereals into the Western diet, and the "modern commercial concept of cerealinto the Western diet, and the "modern commercial concept of cereal

food" originated among A dventists.food" originated among A dventists. John Harvey KelloggJohn Harvey Kellogg was one of the early founders of was one of the early founders of A dventist health work. His development of breakfast cereals as a health food led to the A dventist health work. His development of breakfast cereals as a health food led to thefounding of founding of Kellogg'sKellogg's by his brotherby his brother WilliamWilliam. In both. In both A ustralia A ustralia andand New ZealandNew Zealand, the, thechurchchurch--ownedowned Sanitarium Health Food CompanySanitarium Health Food Company is a leading manufacturer of health andis a leading manufacturer of health andvegetarianvegetarian--related products, most prominently A ustralia's national breakfast cereal,related products, most prominently A ustralia's national breakfast cereal, Weet Weet --BixBix..

A dventists live longer because they do not smoke or drink alcohol, have a day of rest A dventists live longer because they do not smoke or drink alcohol, have a day of rest every week, and maintain a healthy, lowevery week, and maintain a healthy, low--fat fat vegetarianvegetarian diet that is rich in nuts and beans.diet that is rich in nuts and beans.He cites the A dventist emphasis on health, diet, and SabbathHe cites the A dventist emphasis on health, diet, and Sabbath--keeping as primary factorskeeping as primary factorsfor A dventist longevity. A n estimated 35% of A dventists practice vegetarianism, accordingfor A dventist longevity. A n estimated 35% of A dventists practice vegetarianism, accordingto a 2002 worldwide survey of local church leaders.to a 2002 worldwide survey of local church leaders.



Ethics and sexualityEthics and sexuality

The official A

dventist position onThe official A

dventist position on abortionabortion is that "abortions for reasonsis that "abortions for reasonsof of birth controlbirth control,, gender selectiongender selection, or convenience are not condoned." A t , or convenience are not condoned." A t times, however, women may f ace exceptional circumstances that present times, however, women may face exceptional circumstances that present serious moral or medical dilemmas, such as significant threats to theserious moral or medical dilemmas, such as significant threats to thepregnant woman's life or health, severe congenital defects in the fetus,pregnant woman's life or health, severe congenital defects in the fetus,and pregnancy resulting fromand pregnancy resulting from raperape oror incest incest ; in these cases individuals are; in these cases individuals arecounseled to make their own decisions.counseled to make their own decisions.

A ccording to official statements from the General A ccording to official statements from the General

Conference,Conference, heterosexualheterosexual marriages are the only biblically ordainedmarriages are the only biblically ordainedgrounds for sexualgrounds for sexual intimacyintimacy. A dventists do not perform. A dventists do not perform samesame--sexsexmarriagesmarriages and practisingand practising homosexualshomosexuals cannot be ordained.cannot be ordained. A n A nextramaritalextramarital affairaffair is one of the sanctioned grounds for ais one of the sanctioned grounds for a divorcedivorce, although, althoughreconciliation is encouraged whenever possible. A dventists believe in andreconciliation is encouraged whenever possible. A dventists believe in andencourageencourage abstinenceabstinence for both men and women before marriage. Thefor both men and women before marriage. Thechurch disagrees with extrachurch disagrees with extra--maritalmarital cohabitationcohabitation.. The New Testament The New Testament

texts are interpreted to teach that texts are interpreted to teach that wives should submit to theirwives should submit to theirhusbandshusbands in marriage.in marriage. The A dventist church has released official statements in relation to otherThe A dventist church has released official statements in relation to other

ethical issues such asethical issues such as euthanasiaeuthanasia (against active euthanasia but (against active euthanasia but permissive of passive withdrawal of medical support to allow death topermissive of passive withdrawal of medical support to allow death tooccur),occur), birth controlbirth control (in favor of it for married couples if used correctly,(in favor of it for married couples if used correctly,but against abortion as birth control and premarital sex in any case)but against abortion as birth control and premarital sex in any case)andand human cloninghuman cloning (against it while the technology is unsafe and would(against it while the technology is unsafe and would

result in defective births or abortions).result in defective births or abortions).



Dress and entertainmentDress and entertainment

A dventists have traditionally held A dventists have traditionally held socially conservativesocially conservative attitudesattitudesregarding dress and entertainment. These attitudes are reflected inregarding dress and entertainment. These attitudes are reflected inone of the church'sone of the church's fundamental beliefsfundamental beliefs::

A ccordingly, many A dventists are opposed to practices such A ccordingly, many A dventists are opposed to practices such

asas body piercingbody piercing andand tattoostattoos and refrain from the wearing of and refrain from the wearing of jewelry, including such items as earrings and bracelets. Some also jewelry, including such items as earrings and bracelets. Some alsooppose the displaying of wedding bands, although banningoppose the displaying of wedding bands, although banningwedding bands is not the position of the Generalwedding bands is not the position of the GeneralConference.Conference. Conservative A dventists avoid certain recreationalConservative A dventists avoid certain recreationalactivities which are considered to be a negative spiritual influence,activities which are considered to be a negative spiritual influence,including dancing, rock music and secular theatre.including dancing, rock music and secular theatre. However,However, majormajor

studiesstudies conducted from 1989 onwards found the majority of North conducted from 1989 onwards found the majority of North A merican church youth reject some of The A dventist church A merican church youth reject some of The A dventist churchofficially opposes the practice of gambling.officially opposes the practice of gambling.



PathfindersPathfinders

The Youth Department of the A dventist church runs an organizationThe Youth Department of the A dventist church runs an organizationfor 10for 10-- to 16to 16--yearyear--old boys and girls calledold boys and girls called PathfindersPathfinders, which is, which issimilar to thesimilar to the ScoutingScouting movement. A fter a person turns 17 he or shemovement. A fter a person turns 17 he or sheis no longer considered a Pathfinder but considered staff.is no longer considered a Pathfinder but considered staff. PathfindersPathfindersexposes young people to such activities as camping, communityexposes young people to such activities as camping, communityservice, personal mentorship, and skillsservice, personal mentorship, and skills--based education, and trainsbased education, and trainsthem for leadership in the church. Yearly "Camporees" are held inthem for leadership in the church. Yearly "Camporees" are held inindividual Conferences, where Pathfinders from the region gatherindividual Conferences, where Pathfinders from the region gatherand participate in events similar to Boy Scouts' Jamborees.and participate in events similar to Boy Scouts' Jamborees.

" A dventurer" (ages 6" A dventurer" (ages 6 9), "Eager Beaver" (ages 49), "Eager Beaver" (ages 4--5), and "Little5), and "LittleLambs" (ages 3Lambs" (ages 3--4) clubs are programs for younger children that feed4) clubs are programs for younger children that feedinto the Pathfinder program. Those above 16 are eligible to becomeinto the Pathfinder program. Those above 16 are eligible to become"Master Guides" (similar to Scout Master) and will begin to take on"Master Guides" (similar to Scout Master) and will begin to take onleadership roles within the club.leadership roles within the club.



Youth Camp Youth Camp

The SeventhThe Seventh--day A dventist Church operates youthday A dventist Church operates youthcamps all over North A merica and many other partscamps all over North A merica and many other partsof the world. Each camp varies in the activities theyof the world. Each camp varies in the activities theymanage but most have archery, swimming, horses,manage but most have archery, swimming, horses,arts and crafts, nature, high ropes challenge course,arts and crafts, nature, high ropes challenge course,and many other common activities. In addition toand many other common activities. In addition toregular camps some have specialty camps, or R A Dregular camps some have specialty camps, or R A Dcamps, which vary from either a week of surfing,camps, which vary from either a week of surfing,waterskiing/wakeboarding, rock climbing, golf,waterskiing/wakeboarding, rock climbing, golf,

skateboarding, whitewater rafting, mountain biking,skateboarding, whitewater rafting, mountain biking,cycling, basketball, and many others.cycling, basketball, and many others.



BaptistBaptist




Baptists are Christians who comprise a group of Baptists are Christians who comprise a group of denominations and churches that subscribe to adenominations and churches that subscribe to adoctrine that baptism should be performed only fordoctrine that baptism should be performed only for

professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposedprofessing believers (believer's baptism, as opposedto infant baptism), and that it must be done byto infant baptism), and that it must be done byimmersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).Baptists recognize two ministerial offices, pastorsBaptists recognize two ministerial offices, pastorsand deacons. Baptist churches are widelyand deacons. Baptist churches are widely

considered to be Protestant churches, though someconsidered to be Protestant churches, though someBaptists disavow this identity.Baptists disavow this identity.



The Baptists consider the Scriptures to be theThe Baptists consider the Scriptures to be the

sufficient and exclusive rule of faith and practice. Insufficient and exclusive rule of faith and practice. Inthe interpretation of them, every individual enjoysthe interpretation of them, every individual enjoysunrestricted freedom. No nonunrestricted freedom. No non--Scriptural scheme of Scriptural scheme of doctrines and duty is recognized as authoritative.doctrines and duty is recognized as authoritative.

They agree in the rejection of infant baptism asThey agree in the rejection of infant baptism ascontrary to the Scriptures, and in the acceptance of contrary to the Scriptures, and in the acceptance of immersion as the sole valid mode of immersion as the sole valid mode of baptism. A llbaptism. A llchildren who die before the age of responsibility willchildren who die before the age of responsibility willnevertheless be saved. Baptism and the Eucharist,nevertheless be saved. Baptism and the Eucharist,the only two sacraments, or ordinances as they callthe only two sacraments, or ordinances as they call

them, which Baptists generally admit, are not them, which Baptists generally admit, are not productive of grace, but are mere symbols. Baptismproductive of grace, but are mere symbols. Baptismdoes not bestow, but symbolizes, regeneration,does not bestow, but symbolizes, regeneration,which has already taken place.which has already taken place.



BeliefsBeliefs

BibleBible -- The Bible is inspired by God and is the sole rule and authority forThe Bible is inspired by God and is the sole rule and authority forfaith and practice in the church.faith and practice in the church.

CommunionCommunion -- Primitives practice closed communion, only for baptizedPrimitives practice closed communion, only for baptized

members of "like faith and practice."members of "like faith and practice."

Heaven, HellHeaven, Hell -- Heaven and hell exist as real places, but Primitives rarelyHeaven and hell exist as real places, but Primitives rarelyuse those terms in their statement of beliefs.use those terms in their statement of beliefs.

Jesus Christ Jesus Christ -- He was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary,He was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary,was crucified, died, and rose from the dead. His sacrificial death paid thewas crucified, died, and rose from the dead. His sacrificial death paid the

sin debt of his elect in full.sin debt of his elect in full. Limited A tonement Limited A tonement -- One of the doctrines that sets Primitives apart isOne of the doctrines that sets Primitives apart is

Limited A tonement, or Particular Redemption. They hold that the Bible saysLimited A tonement, or Particular Redemption. They hold that the Bible saysJesus died to save only his elect, a specific number of people who canJesus died to save only his elect, a specific number of people who cannever be lost.never be lost.



MinistryMinistry -- Ministers are males only and are called "Elder,"Ministers are males only and are called "Elder,"based on biblical precedent. They do not attend seminarybased on biblical precedent. They do not attend seminary

but are self but are self --trained. Some Primitive Baptist churches paytrained. Some Primitive Baptist churches paysupport or a salary; however, many elders are unpaidsupport or a salary; however, many elders are unpaidvolunteers.volunteers.

MissionariesMissionaries -- Primitive Baptist beliefs say the elect will bePrimitive Baptist beliefs say the elect will besaved by Christ and Christ alone.saved by Christ and Christ alone.

MusicMusic -- Musical instruments are not used in Primitive Baptist Musical instruments are not used in Primitive Baptist churches because they are not mentioned in Scripture inchurches because they are not mentioned in Scripture inNew Testament worship.New Testament worship.

Pictures of JesusPictures of Jesus -- The Bible forbids images of God. Christ isThe Bible forbids images of God. Christ isthe Son of God, is God, and pictures or paintings of him arethe Son of God, is God, and pictures or paintings of him areidols.idols.



SacramentsSacraments -- Primitives believe in two ordinances: baptism byPrimitives believe in two ordinances: baptism byimmersion and the Lord's Supper. Both follow New Testament immersion and the Lord's Supper. Both follow New Testament models. Baptism of people of the age of accountability ismodels. Baptism of people of the age of accountability is

performed by a qualified elder of the local church. The Lord'sperformed by a qualified elder of the local church. The Lord'sSupper consists of unleavened bread and wine, the elements usedSupper consists of unleavened bread and wine, the elements usedby Jesus in his last supper in the Gospels. Feet washing, to expressby Jesus in his last supper in the Gospels. Feet washing, to expresshumility and service, is generally a part of the Lord's Supper ashumility and service, is generally a part of the Lord's Supper aswell.well.

Worship ServiceWorship Service -- Worship services are held on Sunday andWorship services are held on Sunday and

resemble those in the New Testament church. Primitive Baptist resemble those in the New Testament church. Primitive Baptist elders preach for 45 to 60 minutes, usually extemporaneously.elders preach for 45 to 60 minutes, usually extemporaneously.Individuals may offer prayers.Individuals may offer prayers.

PracticesPractices



EpiscopaliansEpiscopalians




Episcopal comes from the Greek word for bishop. Episcopal comes from the Greek word for bishop. This church preservesThis church preservesthe ancient Catholic faith and sacraments, and the historic ministry of bishopsthe ancient Catholic faith and sacraments, and the historic ministry of bishopsas its chief pastors; and it is at the same time Protestant, focusing on theas its chief pastors; and it is at the same time Protestant, focusing on thebasic authority of Holy Scripture and the priesthood of all believers. Thebasic authority of Holy Scripture and the priesthood of all believers. TheEpiscopal Church in A merica is often described as a bridge church because it Episcopal Church in A merica is often described as a bridge church because it

includes both Catholic and Protestant traditions.includes both Catholic and Protestant traditions. We are strongly committedWe are strongly committedto the faith and mission of the whole Christian Church of all languages andto the faith and mission of the whole Christian Church of all languages anddenominations, and we work and pray for its unity.denominations, and we work and pray for its unity.

The Episcopal Church in United States is one branch of the worldThe Episcopal Church in United States is one branch of the world--widewide A nglican Communion, which now numbers more than 80 million A nglican Communion, which now numbers more than 80 millionChristians.Christians. Established just after the A merican Revolution, the EpiscopalEstablished just after the A merican Revolution, the EpiscopalChurch was the first of many branches to emerge over the years from ourChurch was the first of many branches to emerge over the years from our

mother Church, the Church of England. Many of the founders of our nationmother Church, the Church of England. Many of the founders of our nationwere members of the new Episcopal Church, which incorporated thewere members of the new Episcopal Church, which incorporated thetraditions of Christians over the centuries into a truly democratic structure.traditions of Christians over the centuries into a truly democratic structure.



The Episcopal Church is a democratic church with aThe Episcopal Church is a democratic church with agovernment much like the government of United States.government much like the government of United States. InIneach congregation, ministry is shared by lay people andeach congregation, ministry is shared by lay people andordained clergy.ordained clergy. In each diocese (regional divisions of theIn each diocese (regional divisions of the

national church), bishops give pastoral care and oversight,national church), bishops give pastoral care and oversight,and both clergy and lay people are elected to represent theirand both clergy and lay people are elected to represent theircongregations in the life of the diocese.congregations in the life of the diocese. In the nationalIn the nationalchurch, the Presiding Bishop, other bishops, clergy and laychurch, the Presiding Bishop, other bishops, clergy and layleaders work together in legislative bodies and administrativeleaders work together in legislative bodies and administrativecommittees to oversee the life and mission of the widercommittees to oversee the life and mission of the widerchurch.church.



How do Episcopalians worship?How do Episcopalians worship?

A nglicans around the world, including Episcopalians in the United A nglicans around the world, including Episcopalians in the UnitedStates, worship using a version of theStates, worship using a version of the Book of Common PrayerBook of Common Prayer,,which was first published in English in 1549. Our Sunday worshipwhich was first published in English in 1549. Our Sunday worshipis through the Eucharist (also called the Lords Supper, the Holyis through the Eucharist (also called the Lords Supper, the HolyCommunion, and the Mass).Communion, and the Mass). Eucharist comes from the Greek Eucharist comes from the Greek

for thanksgiving.for thanksgiving. During the first half of the Eucharist, weDuring the first half of the Eucharist, welisten to the Word of God through Bible readings and a sermon,listen to the Word of God through Bible readings and a sermon,and then we respond to what we have heard with our prayersand then we respond to what we have heard with our prayersand affirmation of faith.and affirmation of faith. During the second half of the Eucharist,During the second half of the Eucharist,we give thanks for our redemption through our Lord Jesus Christ,we give thanks for our redemption through our Lord Jesus Christ,as we celebrate Holy Communion together.as we celebrate Holy Communion together. In the EpiscopalIn the EpiscopalChurch, everyone who seeks God and who is drawn to Christ isChurch, everyone who seeks God and who is drawn to Christ is

welcome to receive Holy Communion.welcome to receive Holy Communion. Episcopal Churches usuallyEpiscopal Churches usuallyoffer two services of the Eucharist each Sunday morning: anoffer two services of the Eucharist each Sunday morning: anearly, quiet service and a later service with music.early, quiet service and a later service with music.



BeliefsBeliefs

Episcopalians believe in one God:Episcopalians believe in one God:

the Father who creates us and allthe Father who creates us and allthings;things;

the Son who redeems us from sin andthe Son who redeems us from sin anddeath;death;

the Holy Spirit who inspires andthe Holy Spirit who inspires andsustains us as children of God.sustains us as children of God.



Episcopalians promise to follow Jesus Christ Episcopalians promise to follow Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord.as Savior and Lord. We believe that trustingWe believe that trustingin Christ ends our tragic separation fromin Christ ends our tragic separation fromGod, and begins a new relationship withGod, and begins a new relationship withGod and with one another.God and with one another.

Episcopalians believe the Holy Scriptures toEpiscopalians believe the Holy Scriptures tobe the Word of God and to contain all thingsbe the Word of God and to contain all thingsnecessary for salvation.necessary for salvation. We believe GodWe believe Godinspired the Bibles human authors in theirinspired the Bibles human authors in theirown day, and that God continues to speakown day, and that God continues to speak

to us through the Bible today.to us through the Bible today.



Episcopalians affirm their faith throughEpiscopalians affirm their faith throughthe historic Creeds (thethe historic Creeds (the A postles A postles

CreedCreed and theand the Nicene CreedNicene Creed), and), andthrough the words and prayers of thethrough the words and prayers of theBook of Common Prayer.Book of Common Prayer.



A ll Episcopalians promise to follow Jesus Christ A ll Episcopalians promise to follow Jesus Christ

Savior and Lord, by putting their whole trust inSavior and Lord, by putting their whole trust inChrists grace and love.Christs grace and love. Episcopalians also promise,Episcopalians also promise,in the Baptismal Covenant, toin the Baptismal Covenant, to

Continue in the apostles teaching and fellowship, inContinue in the apostles teaching and fellowship, inthe breaking of bread, and in the prayers.the breaking of bread, and in the prayers.

Persevere in resisting evil, and whenever we fallPersevere in resisting evil, and whenever we fallinto sin, repent and return to the Lord.into sin, repent and return to the Lord.

Proclaim by word and example the Good News of Proclaim by word and example the Good News of God in Christ.God in Christ.

Seek and serve Christ in all persons, loving ourSeek and serve Christ in all persons, loving ourneighbors as themselves.neighbors as themselves.

Strive for justice and peace among all people, andStrive for justice and peace among all people, andrespect the dignity of every human being.respect the dignity of every human being.



MethodistMethodist



Beliefs and PracticesBeliefs and Practices

Wesley'sWesley's three basic preceptsthree basic precepts that beganthat beganthe Methodist tradition consisted of:the Methodist tradition consisted of:

Shun evil and avoid partaking in wickedShun evil and avoid partaking in wickeddeeds at all costs,deeds at all costs,

PERFORM KIND A CTS A S MUCH A SPERFORM KIND A CTS A S MUCH A SPOSSIBLE, A NDPOSSIBLE, A ND

A BIDE BY THE EDICTS OF GOD THE A BIDE BY THE EDICTS OF GOD THE A LMIGHTY F A THER. A LMIGHTY F A THER.



The MethodistThe Methodist branch of protestant branch of protestant religion traces its roots back to 1739religion traces its roots back to 1739

where it developed in England as awhere it developed in England as aresult of the teachings of result of the teachings of John WesleyJohn Wesley..



METHODIST DOCTRINE:METHODIST DOCTRINE: God is allGod is all--knowing, possesses infinite love and goodness, is allknowing, possesses infinite love and goodness, is all--powerful, and the creator of powerful, and the creator of

all things.all things. God has always existed and will always continue to exist.God has always existed and will always continue to exist. God isGod is three persons in onethree persons in one, the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit., the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. God is the master of all creation and humans are meant to live in a holy covenant with him.God is the master of all creation and humans are meant to live in a holy covenant with him.

Humans have broken this covenant by their sins, and can only be forgiven if they truly haveHumans have broken this covenant by their sins, and can only be forgiven if they truly havefaith in the love and saving grace of faith in the love and saving grace of Jesus Christ Jesus Christ ..

Jesus was God on Earth (conceived of a virgin), in the form of a man who was crucified forJesus was God on Earth (conceived of a virgin), in the form of a man who was crucified forthe sins of all people, and who was physicallythe sins of all people, and who was physically resurrectedresurrected to bring them the hope of eternalto bring them the hope of eternallife.life.

TheThe gracegrace of God is seen by people through the work of theof God is seen by people through the work of the Holy Spirit Holy Spirit in their lives and inin their lives and intheir world.their world.

Close adherence to the teachings of Scripture is essential to the faith because Scripture is theClose adherence to the teachings of Scripture is essential to the faith because Scripture is theWord of God.Word of God.

Christians are part of a universal church and must work with all Christians to spread the loveChristians are part of a universal church and must work with all Christians to spread the loveof God.of God.

BaptismBaptism is a sacrament or ceremony in which a person is anointed with water to symbolizeis a sacrament or ceremony in which a person is anointed with water to symbolizebeing brought into the community of faith.being brought into the community of faith.

CommunionCommunion is a sacrament in which participants eat bread and drink juice to show that theyis a sacrament in which participants eat bread and drink juice to show that theycontinue to take part in Christ's redeeming resurrection by symbolically taking part in Hiscontinue to take part in Christ's redeeming resurrection by symbolically taking part in Hisbody (the bread) and blood (the juice).body (the bread) and blood (the juice).

Wesley taught his followers that Baptism and Communion are not only sacraments, but alsoWesley taught his followers that Baptism and Communion are not only sacraments, but alsosacrifices to God.sacrifices to God.

People can only be saved through faith in Jesus Christ, not by any other acts of People can only be saved through faith in Jesus Christ, not by any other acts of redemptionredemptionsuch as good deeds.such as good deeds.



Methodist Distinctions fromMethodist Distinctions fromOther Protestant Faiths:Other Protestant Faiths:

The most fundamental distinction of Methodist teaching is that The most fundamental distinction of Methodist teaching is that people must usepeople must use logic and reasonlogic and reason in all matters of faith.in all matters of faith.

A LSO IMPORT A NT IS THE A CKNOWLEDGMENT OF A LSO IMPORT A NT IS THE A CKNOWLEDGMENT OF"PREVENIENT," ""PREVENIENT," "JUSTIFYINGJUSTIFYING," A ND "S A NCTIFYING" GR A CES. IT," A ND "S A NCTIFYING" GR A CES. IT

IS T A UGHT TH A T PEOPLE A RE BLESSED WITH THESE GR A CES A TIS T A UGHT TH A T PEOPLE A RE BLESSED WITH THESE GR A CES A TDIFFERENT TIMES THROUGH THE POWER OF THE HOLY SPIRIT.DIFFERENT TIMES THROUGH THE POWER OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. PREVENIENT GR ACEPREVENIENT GR ACE IS PRESENT BEFORE THEY A RE S A VED FROMIS PRESENT BEFORE THEY A RE S A VED FROM

THE ERROR OF THEIR W A YS.THE ERROR OF THEIR W A YS.

Justifying graceJustifying grace is given at the time of theiris given at the time of their repentancerepentance andandforgiveness by God.forgiveness by God.

A ND

A ND

SANCTIFYI

NG

GR AC

ESA

NCTIFYI

NG

GR AC

E IS RECEIVED WHEN THEY H A VEIS RECEIVED WHEN THEY H A VEFIN A LLY BEEN S A VED FROM THEIR SINS A ND THE SINS OF THEFIN A LLY BEEN S A VED FROM THEIR SINS A ND THE SINS OF THE

WORLD.WORLD. A nd lastly, the Methodist Church puts a great emphasis on A nd lastly, the Methodist Church puts a great emphasis on

missionary workmissionary work and other forms of spreading the Word of Godand other forms of spreading the Word of Godand His love to others.and His love to others.

seventh-day adventist church

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