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VALLEY FORGE NATIONAL PARK Arjun Madhavan

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VALLEY FORGE NATIONAL PARKArjun Madhavan

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OVERVIEW

• Power Point

• Relevance

• Revolutionary War

• History of Valley Forge

• Valley Forge Today

• Park and Conservation

• My Experience

• Class Activity

• Conclusion

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THESIS

Valley Forge National Park serves as a peaceful reminder of freedom won by sacrifices long ago. Its 3,600 acres of picturesque, rolling hills serve as an example of the importance of environment conservation.

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PERSONAL RELEVANCE

History

Biology

Proximity

Conservation

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RELEVANCE OF VALLEY FORGE

Most historic place around our area

Scenic beauty

Importance in Revolutionary War

Education (false information) http://interfacelift.com/wallpaper_beta/D35ebee6/01773_valleyforge_1280x800.jpg

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THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR

1775-1783

“The American Revolutionary War” or “American War of Independence”

War between Great Britain and 13 former British Colonies

Colonists Rebel

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/United_States_Northern_Command_emblem.png

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COMBATANTS

Colonists divided on support

Patriots & Loyalists

British

European Nations

African Americans

Native Americanshttp://www.thecaptainsmemos.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Revolutionary-War.jpg

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BRITISH ARMY

Spans over three and a half centuries

Occupies Boston in 1786

Boston Massacre of 1770

http://www.navycs.com/gallery2/d/9417-2/british-army-flag.jpg

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AMERICAN CONTINENTAL ARMY

Formed May 10th, 1775

Local Militias

Disbanded in 1783http://files.myopera.com/SiBrunk/albums/691571/revolutionary-war-soldiers.jpg

http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~njobtdar/images/ValleyForge.gif

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GEORGE WASHINGTON

Commander-in-Chief

Morale Booster

Becomes First Presidenthttp://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/uploads/2009/04/george-washington-gilbert-stuart.jpg

http://www.wicknet.org/history/jvanatta/gallery/General%20George%20Washington%20Resigning%20his%20Commission%20%28John%20Trumbull,%201824%29.jpg

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BATTLES AROUND THE AREA

Philadelphia

Paoli, Brandywine, Germantown, Morristown, White Marsh

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WHY VALLEY FORGE

Rest over the Winter of ’77

Close but not too close

Mount Joy Mount Misery

http://www.arago.si.edu/media/000/027/882/27882_lg.jpg

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DECEMBER 19, 1777

12,000 arrive

Camp grounds selected

Construction of 2,000 of huts

http://www.freespiritart.com/images/winter-valley-forge.jpg

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FOOD AND CLOTHING SHORTAGES

Irregular meat and bread supplies

Fire Cake

Starvation

Animal

Clothing

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Revolutionary_War_Cemetery,_Salem,_NY.jpg/300px-Revolutionary_War_Cemetery,_Salem,_NY.jpg

http://www.valley.forge.national-park.com/images/winterartillerqy.jpeg

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DISEASE

Very Rampant

Poor sanitary conditions

Dysentery

Pneumonia

Jaundice

Typhoid www.solarnavigator.net/history/explorers_hist

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THE DEPARTURE

June 19, 1778

British advance to NY

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_QGqu4ZDNdHw/ShG3MC2vnfI/AAAAAAAAAAk/IttbYwz-w1s/s320/revolutionary-war-007.jpghttp://oathkeepers.org/oath/wp-content/uploads/Washington-at-Valley-Forge.jpg

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AFTER VALLEY FORGE

5 Years of Battle

Treaty of Paris

British leave New York

US Constitution

http://oathkeepers.org/oath/wp-content/uploads/Washington-at-Valley-Forg2e.jpg

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TODAY

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NATIONAL MEMORIAL ARCH

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THREATS AND CONTROVERSIES

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SPEEDING

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NATIONAL PARKS

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WATER POLLUTION

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COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3151/2752519669_e5ff3be2c3.jpg

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MILITARY CEMETERY

June 2001

200 acre cemetery

http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/washington-dc/images/s/washington-dc-arlington-national-cemetery-s.jpg

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INVASIVE PLANTS

http://www.jkinjectiontools.com/images/plantpics/hogweed_1.gif

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INVASIVE PLANTS

Disrupt environments

Introduced by accident

Grow quickly

http://www.aldertreegarden.com/images/DSCN0508.jpg

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JAPANESE STILT GRASS

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PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE

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MILE-A-MINUTE WEED

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WORK CITED

EyeWitness to History. "The Continental Army at Valley Forge, 1777."      EyeWitness History. N.p., 2006. Web. 10 May 2010.      <http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/valleyforge.htm>

Bodyle, Wayne K. The Valley Forge Winter: Civilians and Soldiers in War.      University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002. Print.

Kaufman, Wallace, and Sylvan Ramsey Kaufman. Invasive Plants: A Guide to      Identification, Impacts, and Control of Common North American Species.      Mechanicsburgh PA: Stackpole Books, 2007. Print.

NPCA. "Valley Forge National Historical Park." NPCA. National Parks Conservation      Association, 2010. Web. 10 May 2010. <http://www.npca.org/mid_atlantic/      valley-forge.html>.

Ostrander, Stephen J. Great Natural Areas in Eastern Pennsylvania.      Mechanicsburgh PA: Stackpole Books, 1996. Print.

Radosevich, Steven R., Jodie S. Holt, and Claudio M. Ghersa. Ecology of weeds      and invasive plants. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. Print.

Reese, Lorett. Valley Forge: Making and Remaking a National Symbol. University      Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. Print.

Emerson. "Valley Forge Convention & Visitor Center." Valley Forge. N.p., 2010.      Web. 15 May 2010. <http://www.valleyforge.org/nationalpark/>.

Hillclimb Media. "Valley Forge National Historical Park." National Parks. Media      Knowledge, 2007. Web. 18 May 2010.      <http://www.valley.forge.national-park.com/>.

Multieducator. "Revolutinary War." History Centeral. Multieducator, 1998. Web.      18 May 2010. <http://www.historycentral.com/Revolt/>.

Cunneen, Parker. "Revolutionary War." 42 Explore 2. 42 Explore 2, 2010. Web. 16      May 2010. <http://www.42explore2.com/revolt.htm>.

Hayes Weston. “Invasive Plants.” Ecology and Managment of Invasive Species. EMIS , 2007. Web. 16     May 2010. <http://www.invasiveplants.net/>.

NPCA. "Valley Forge National Historical Park." NPCA. National Parks Conservation      Association, 2010. Web. 10 May 2010. <http://www.npca.org/mid_atlantic/      valley-forge.html>.

Mealin, Andrew. "Plant Biology Index." North Carolina State University. NCSU,      2010. Web. 18 May 2010. <http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/plantbiology/>.

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CONCLUSION