Architecture Diagnosed

Alex TrumplerSenior Graduation Project

April 21, 2010

Thesis

• When considering the broad topic of architecture, the two major categories (residential and commercial) share many common physical attributes, but the defining difference between them is a question of intended purpose and theoretical use.

Inspiration for Topic

• Always had a passion for architecture

• Enrolled at Philadelphia University for a Bachelor of Architecture

Why is architecture important?

Presentation Overview

• Introduction to Architecture– Residential vs. Commercial

• Elements of Design• Residential Criteria• Commercial Requirements• Floor plans and examples• Creative Activity

What is Architecture?

• “The art or practice of designing and constructing buildings.”– New Oxford American

Dictionary

• “The art or science of building.”– Merriam-Webster

So basically…Architecture is the art of designing a building

Getting the Ideas

• The Art of Architecture• Ability to Exist in Current Market• Functionality of Design• The Design Process

Sopot, Poland(Hepler, 20)

Elements of Design

• Form– General shape of building

• Space– The 3-dimentional area

• Light and shadow• Texture– feel, appearance, or

consistency of a surface• Line• Color

(Hepler, 21)

Principles of Design• Unity

– Sense of wholeness in a design• Repetition• Rhythm

– When lines, planes, and surface treatments are repeated in a regular sequence

• Variety– Use of elements within a style

• Emphasis– Building upon a single point of

interest• Balance

– Achievement of equilibrium in design

(Hepler, 22)

Architectural Divisions

• Architecture can be divided into two main divisions

–Residential: Architecture that is restricted for personal use• i.e.: houses, apartment buildings, etc

–Commercial: Architecture for public use• i.e.: offices, factories, movie theaters, etc • Commercial does not necessarily refer to a place of

commerce, but any space occupied by the general public

(Hornung)

RESIDENTIAL

Living Room

• Function– Entertainment center– Recreation center– Library– Music room– Tv center– Reception room– Social room– Study– Dining room (occasionally)– Guest bedroom (if a small home)

(Hepler, 38)

Living Room

• Location– Centrally located– Adjacent to entrance– Away from sleeping and service areas– Close to dining room– Size– Wall space

(Hepler, 38)

Living room

(Hepler, 38)

Living room

(Hepler, 38)

Dining Room

• Function• Location– Kitchen– Living room

• Size

(Hepler, 48)

Kitchen

• Function• Efficiency• Location

(Hepler, 92)

Bedroom

• Function• Number of bedrooms• Storage• Ventilation• Wall space

(Hornung)

Bedrooms

• Furniture sizes– King bed – 72” x 84”– Queen bed – 60” x 80”– Full bed – 54” x 75”– Twin bed 39” x 75”– Cot – 30” x 74”– Crib – 27” x 56”– Dressing table – 3’-4’ x 18”-

22”– Chest of drawers – 3’-4’ x

18”-20”– Dresser – 4’-9’ x 18”-22”

(Hornung)

Bedrooms

• Noise control– Away from the street– Carpeting– Soft cork walls– Floor to ceiling drapes– Acoustical tile in the ceiling– Trees and shrubbery outside– Placement of closets

(Hornung)

Bathrooms

• Function• Bathrooms per bedroom• Ventilation• Lighting• Heating• Plumbing lines

(Hornung)

Layout Planning

• Eating areas• Living areas• Sleeping areas

(Hornung, 93)

COMMERCIAL

Kitchen

• Function• 15 square feet per person– Refrigeration– dry storage– Dishwashing– prep area– Cooking– serving

(Wixson)

Dinning Area

• Function• Size– Fine dinning• 16-20 sq ft for a 28-36 sq ft restaurant

– Casual dinning• 14-16 sq ft for a 24-32 sq ft restaurant

(Cannon)

Bathrooms

• Counter• Stalls• Americans with

disabilities act (ADA)

(answers.com)

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

• Wheelchair Passage Width• Counters and Bars• Dining Areas

(ADAAG)

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

(ADAAG)

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

(ADAAG)

Layout

• Considerations for layout options:– Size of Room– Size of Furniture– Traffic Flow

(allfoodbusiness.com)

ZONING

What is Zoning?

• Definition– “Divide a town or stretch of land into areas

subject to particular planning restrictions.”– New Oxford American Dictionary

Zoning Basics

• Residential Zoning– Front yard– Side yard– Rear yard– Building coverage

• Commercial Zoning– Front yard– Side yards– Rear yard– Maximum height– Building coverage

(Upper Merion Township, Chapter 165 Article VI / XVIII)

PLOT PLANS

Plot Plans

• Drawing that represents everything outside of the structure

• Basics:– Property ownership– Builder Company

• Landscaping– Land survey / scale– Shrubbery

• Construction– Existing and expansion/new construction

(Ching)

(Ching)

(Ching)

MOVING PAST THE SLIDES

Residential

Commercial

SO LET’S TRY IT

Class Activity

• Design a one story residential house to the following specifications– Master bedroom– Guest bedroom– 2 bathrooms– Living room– Dining room– kitchen

Approximate Room Sizes

• Living room – 15’ x 15’• Kitchen – 10’ x 10’• Dining room – 13’ x 13’• Master bedroom – 12’ x 12’• Bedroom – 9’ x 12’• Hall – 3’• Door – 2.5’• Entrance door – 3’• Closet – 2’ x 2’• Bathroom – 5’ x 8’

(Patton)

So what does it all mean?

• The difference between Residential and Commercial Architecture is the intended purpose and theoretical use.– While abiding by the standards and laws, an

Architect can design whatever they please, but the designation of architectural type depends on the application.

What I learned:

• The basics• My own style• Importance of artistic expression

CREATIVE DESIGNS WITH UNEXPECTED USES

Kansas City, Missouri

Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Madrid, Spain

Pittsburg, Pennsylvania

Quebec, Canada

Rotterdam, Netherlands

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