shams ppt 3940
TRANSCRIPT
Presented to : Dr Munazza Ambreen
Presented by: Shams ud din
INDIVIDUALIZED INSRTUCATION; BASIS FOR DEALING WITH INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
Individualized instruction is a method of instruction in which content, instructional technology (such as materials) and pace of learning are based upon the abilities and interests of each individual learner.
One to one instruction to meet the particular student’s needs
CONT……….
Individualized instruction involves promoting student choice, curriculum integration, differentiated learning, and self-assessment that engage students deeply in learning.
(Brown, 2002).
CONT……… Individual method provides for an
individual child, facilities of instructions, keeping in view his need, intelligence, and motivation ,rate of learning, capacity and aim of life.
It would bring confidence, self respect and self-reliance in children.
CHARACTERISTICS It is a method of individualized instruction Instructional material is logically sequenced It has adequate provision for feed-back Interaction between the learner and the
learning material is very important Provides self-pacing to the learner Provides continuous evaluation
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCEINTRODUCTIONThe psychology of individual
differences is concerned with the systematic study of intelligence and abilities associated with personality of learner, learning styles and needs and interests of learner
It is these differences that are entitled as ‘individual differences” in the languages of sociology and psychology.
CONTI… Learning is most effective when
differences in learner’s language, cultural, and social behaviour are taken into account.
A teacher should be sensitive to individual differences.
A teacher’s challenge is to acknowledge and celebrate the differences among children and work to maximize the growth in each child Authentic
NATURE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
1. Inter-personal differences2. Intra-personal differences3. Inter-group differences4. Intra-group differences
TYPES OR VARIETIES OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
Physical or physiological differences
Psychological differences
COOPERATIVE LEARNING. Cooperative learning is an
instructional strategy in which students are placed in heterogeneous groups. In my opinion, cooperative learning is one of the best researched educational innovations of the last two decades. When implemented properly, it can have dramatic effects on student achievement.
LEARNING-STYLES “Even the slowest and more reluctant reader can learn to
read well when taught according to their individual learning styles”
(Mariacarbo,2003) According to this learners differ in their styles of
learning, those styles are assessed and that knowledge of styles help both learner and teacher.
MASTERY LEARNING Mastery Learning. A strategy for dealing
with individual differences among students is to change the system within which instruction is provided. This is the strategy used by mastery learning
MASTERY LEARNING
ML includes the following six steps:Clearly specified learning objectivesShort and valid assessment proceduresSpecific mastery standardsSequence of learning procedureProvision of feedbackProvision of extra time and help on
errors.
INDIVIDUALIZING INSTRUCTIONS1. The size of the class or section should be as
small as possible.2. The teacher should try to pay individual
attention the group under instruction.3. The teacher should keep in view the individual
differences of his students while engaging them in drill or practice work in classroom or assigning home task
4. In case ability grouping is not possible and more specifically under the prevalent system of class teaching, special coaching and guidance programme for both the dull and gifted children is most helpful
CONCLUSIONindividualized instruction is logically the best way to deal with individual differences, in practice it is very difficult to accomplish
Individual Differences in learning
REFERENCES1. Abbass M, Nadeem M, Naseem Z.Module II:
LEARNER’S PSYCHOLOGY . Professional Competency Enhancement Program for Teachers (PCEPT). NATIONAL ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION (NAHE). Learning Innovation Division Higher Education Commission (HEC).Islamabad
2. Education Psychology. Canadian association. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.
3. Ormrod J.E. Educational psychology : Developing learners. Fourth edition; Upper Saddle River. Merrill Prentice Hall: 2003
4. Retrieved from http://www.mu.ac.in/myweb_test/SYBA%20Study%20Material/edu-II%20psycho.pdf on 19th November 2013.