shared maths vocabulary- progression document

Exhall Cedars Infant,

Nursery and Pre-School

Shared Maths Vocabulary-

Progression document

Exhall Cedars Infant School, Nursery and Pre-School – Shared Maths Vocabulary (HK- Maths Lead)

How we can use Captain Conjecture!

If you’re unsure,

always draw! Is this true?

Captain Conjecture

thinks ………Prove it! True or false?

How do you know?

Captain Can you

Conjecture continue

Wants you to Captain

Complete the Conjecture’s

Calculation. Pattern?


Reasoning Vocabulary

➢ I know that …….. so that means ………

➢ Explain why

➢ I wonder why…….?

➢ How do you know?

➢ Does anyone know?

➢ What will happen if…….?

➢ How will you know?

➢ How can we find out?

➢ Can you describe…..?

➢ Convince me

➢ Is there another way?

➢ What makes you think that?

➢ Prove it…

➢ Tell me ….


Addition (+) and subtraction (-)

Word Definition Example

EYFS

Whole A whole number, amount,

shape or object.

A whole apple, a whole of an

object. The total number of

objects or a whole amount. Stem sentence ______ is

the whole.

e.g 10 is the whole, 7 is a part

and 3 is a part

Part A part of the whole A part of the whole thing Stem sentence ______ is

the part.

e.g 7 is a part, 3 is a part and

10 is the whole.

Double To have two of something.

Twice as much. Repeated

addition.

2 + 2 = 4 Double 2

is four.

One more One more than 5 is 6

Sum The number you get when

you add together

addends.

3+ 2= 5

Calculation A number sentence

Balanced Is the same as =

Count on (augmentation

– KS2) To say the counting

numbers in order starting

from a given number.

Used as a strategy to add

small numbers using fingers to

keep track of addend.

Count back To say the counting

numbers in backward

order starting from a

given number.

Used as a strategy to

subtract small numbers using

fingers to keep track of

number subtracted.


Equals The symbol =

Shows that what is on the

left of the sign is equal in

value or amount to what is

on the right of the sign.

Is the same as Is equal to.

Count all (aggregation – see

KS2) To combine parts to find

the whole by counting.

More Greater quantity or

number Number increases

Leave (see below) What does it leave?

How many are left? The part that remains

after subtraction.

Plus To combine parts to find

the whole.

Increase Getting bigger, growing

larger

Minus To take one part away

from the whole.

Fewer A smaller number of

persons or things. Used to

compare.

Take away A synonym for subtract. A

part is taken away from a

whole.

Add To combine two or more

numbers (parts) (addends)

to make the total (whole).

Altogether To combine parts

(addends) to make a

whole.

Total The result of adding. The

whole after combining the

parts.

Addition Finding the total or sum,

by combining two or more

numbers (The addends)


Subtraction Taking one number (a part,

subtrahend) from the

whole (minuend)

Greater than Bigger, is more than The symbol > means greater

than

Less than Not as many as. The symbol < means less than

KS1

Equivalence Having the same amount

as; is equal to

Difference Amount one number

differs from the

other. Often found by

using subtraction.

Subtract To take away a number or

amount from something

else to decrease the size.

Less To make a smaller size or

amount; not as many as.

Addend The numbers you add

together in an addition

calculation.

Inverse (operation) The calculation that

reverses the effect of

another calculation. e.g.

addition is the inverse

operation of subtraction/


Exchange To swap equivalent

amounts (where the whole

number stays the same)

e.g 10 ones for 1 ten, 10

tens for 1 hundred.

Regroup To rearrange the

formation of a group to

support addition or

subtraction.

Partition Splitting a number into

smaller parts 15

10 5

Commutative When you can swap the

order of the calculation

and still get the same

answer.

Tens boundary A multiple of 10 crossed

when adding or

subtracting.

Estimate To find a number close

enough to the right

answer, often with some

thought or calculation

involved.


Multiplication (X) and Division ( )

Word Definition Example EYFS

Groups Putting values /items into

sets

Equal Groups Having the same value/

items in each set/ group.

The same as

Sets (See groups above)

Lots of Lots of the same item in

groups. e.g 3 lots of 4

Fair If something is equal, the

same or balanced.

Double/ Doubling To have 2 lots of the same

number or item.

To multiply by 2, twice as

many

Non- doubles Numbers that are close

together. Double the

largest number and take

away 1

Pairs 2 of something such as a

number or items or

numbers Half/Halving To divide or share into 2

equal parts

Equal share Each group or set has the

same number or objects

Patterns A systematic arrangement

of numbers, shapes and

other elements Odd number An odd number cannot be

divided equally by 2 and

leaves a remainder of 1

An odd number ends in

1, 3, 5, 7, 9

Even An even number can be

divided into 2 equal groups

An even number ends in

0,2,4,6, 8


KS1

Forwards Jumping forwards on a

number line in equal groups

Backwards (Jumping

on number lines)

Jumping backwards on a

number line in equal groups

How many times The occurrence of

something happening.

e.g. How many times does 5 go

into 15?

Times The number of

occurrences

Groups of How many groups of

something.

e.g How many groups of

animals are there?

Multiple of A number which can be

skip counted in equal

groups that fits into a

particular number.

Multiply An expression used to

calculate 2 lots of

numbers. ( Multiplication)

e.g 10 x 6 = 60

Repeated addition The process of repeatedly

adding the same number

or amount, a model of

multiplication

Arrays An ordered number of

counters, objects arranged

in columns and rows Row A horizontal arrangement

column A vertical arrangement

Product The result of multiplying

one number with another

e.g the product of 2 and 5 is

10 , 2x5=10

Factor A factor represents the

number of groups and size

of the group when related

to multiplication

Factor X Factor = Product

Divide To share or group a whole

number using another

number to make groups.

Divided by To share a whole number

by another number

e,g 8 4 = 2

Divided into To share a whole number

into groups where the size

of the group is known.

e.g Divide 20 into 4 groups


Equal groups of To share or make groups

of a specific number

Make equal groups of 4

Divide 15 into groups of 3

Quotient The result of a division

calculation

35 5 = 7 Quotient

Repeated subtraction The process of repeatedly

subtracting the same

number or amount.

35 5 = 7

Remainder/ Left/

Left over

The amount remaining

after dividing.

e.g 21 4= 5 r1

Expression A mathematical calculation

expressed symbolically

3 x 5 =

15 3=

Fractions


EYFS

Whole A whole number,

amount, shape or

object.

A whole apple, a whole of an object. The total

number of objects or a whole amount.

Equal Part An equal part of the

whole An equal part of the whole e.g half of an apple

Double To have two of

something. Twice as

much. Multiply by 2.

2 + 2 = 4 Double 2 is four.

One half One of two equal parts

of a whole. My friend and I share a pizza equally: we get

half each.

Halve To divide into two

equal parts (verb – to

halve)

Can you halve the playdough snake?

Share out

equally Give out a group of

things, one to one or

many to one so

everybody has the

same amount.

There is a plate of twelve biscuits. It is shared

between 3 toys so they have the same number

of biscuits.

Equal groups

of Groups with the same

number of items. Plates each with 2 strawberries

The same

amount Groups of equal

amounts of objects.


KS1

Bar model A bar model is a

representation of the

whole and equal parts.

Divide Sharing into equal

parts

Numerator The amount of equal

parts that you are

interested in.

Fraction Bar The line that divides

the numerator and the

denominator

Denominator The total number of

equal parts that the

whole is divided into.

Fraction wall Shows equivalent

fractions.

Equivalent

fractions Fractions with the

same value as another

One quarter 1 equal part out of 4

equal parts

One third 1 equal part out of 3

equal parts

2 quarters 2 equal parts out of 4

equal parts.

(Equivalence see

above) 1/2=2/4

3 quarters 3 equal parts out of 4

equal parts.

Shape



EYFS

Shape The shape of an object is

its outline

Pattern A systematic

arrangement following a

rule

Flat A flat shape has a level

surface

Hollow A shape with an empty

space inside

Solid A solid shape has no space

inside it

Side An outline in a 2D shape is

called a side

Curved A line that is not straight

or an object that is not

flat

Round A round object is shaped

like a circle or a ball.

Straight A line or edge which has

no curves is straight. ______________________

Corner/ Vertices Two or more edges or

sides meet at a corner.

Face A face is one of the

surfaces on a 3D shape

Edge An edge is where 2 faces

meet in a 3D shape.

Circle A circle is a shape where

it is always the same

distance from the edge to

the centre.

Triangle A triangle has 3 straight

sides and 3 corners


Square A square has 4 equal sides

Rectangle A rectangle has 4 sides, 2

long and 2 short

Star A star has 5 corners

2D Short for 2 dimensional-

these are flat

3D Short for 3 dimensional-

these are solid

Cube A 3D shape which has 6

identical square faces, 12

edges and 8 vertices

Sphere A 3D shape with a closed

surface, one face and no

edges

Pyramid A 3D shape consisting of

vertices, faces and edges

there are different types

such as square based or

triangular based.

Cone A 3D shape with a

circular face/plane and a

curved plane and a vertex.

KS1

Property An attribute of a shape e.g sides, edges, corners,

vertices, faces, flat, 3D etc

Cuboid A 3D shape which has 6

faces, 12 edges and 8

vertices.

Cylinder A 3D shape which has 3

faces, 2 edges and no

vertices.

Triangular prism A 3D shape which has 5

faces,6 vertices and 9

edges.


Length

EYFS Long, Short, Tall, High, Low, Longer, Shorter, Higher etc

Longest, Shortest, Tallest, Highest,

High, Low, Higher, Lower,

Length, thick, thin. Thicker, Thinner, Thickest, Thinnest

Wide, Narrow, Far, Near, Close

KS1 Standard/ Non Standard units,

Deep. Shallow, Further, furthest, Width

Ruler, Tape measure, Metre stick, Trundle wheel,

Centimetres (cm) , Metres (m) Millimetres (mm)

Measures (General)

EYFS Big, Small, Little,

Long, Longer, Longest, Longer than,

Short, Shorter, Shortest, Shorter than,

Tall, Taller, Tallest, Taller than

Measure, Size, Compare, Guess, Estimate, Enough, Not enough,

Too much, Too few, Nearly, Close to

KS1 Measuring scales, About, Just over, just under

Position and Direction

EYFS Position, Over, Under, Top, Bottom, Side

On, In

Outside, Inside, Around, In front, Behind, Front, Back, Before,

After, Beside, Next to, Opposite, Apart, Between, Middle,

Corner, Direction

Left, Right, Up, Down

Forwards, Backwards, Sideways, Across, Close, Far, Near, Along.

Through, To, From, Towards, Away from,

Slide, roll, turn, stretch, bend

KS1 Underneath, Centre, Journey, Route, Higher, Lower,

Whole turn, Half turn, Quarter turn, Three quarter turn,

Clockwise, Anti-clockwise

Right angle, Straight line, Diagonal

Rotation, Orientation


Mass

EYFS Heavy, Light, Heavier, Lighter, Heaviest, Lightest, Up, Down

Full, Empty, Balanced , Same, Fair, Weigh, Weighs, Scales

KS1 Kilogram (kg) , Half a kilogram , grams (g)

Balance, Scales, Weight,

Capacity EYFS More, less, Full, Empty, Half full, Holds, Container

KS1 Capacity, Contains, Nearly full, Nearly empty, Half empty,

Volume

Litre (l), Half-litre, milliliter (ml)

Time

EYFS Time, Days of the week ( Monday, Tuesday etc)

Day, Week, Morning, Night, Afternoon, Evening, Bedtime,

Dinnertime, Playtime, Birthday, Holiday

Today, Tomorrow, Yesterday

Before, After, Next, Last

Now, Late, Later, Soon, Early

Quick, Quicker, Quickest, Slow, Slower, Slowest

Old, Older, Oldest. New, Newer, Newest,

Takes longer, Takes less time,

Hour, o’clock, Clock, Watch, Hands.

KS1 Months of the year (January, February, March etc.)

Seasons: Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter,

Fortnight, Week, Month, Year, Weekend

Fortnightly, Weekly, Monthly, Yearly,

Midnight,

Fast, Faster, Fastest, Slowly

How long ago? How long will it be to? How long will it take to?

Minute, Second, Half, past, Quarter to, Quarter past

Digital, Analogue, Timer

How often?

Always, Never, Often, Sometimes, Usually, Once

*Key Year 1- Black, Year 2 -Red ( Although children can be exposed to all the

language to support development and building on foundations.)

shared maths vocabulary- progression document

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