IslamSharvil Desai

Islam means “submission; resignation” to the will of God

Pre-Islam most people in the Middle East were polytheistic worshipping many gods including Allah

Roots from Christianity and Judaism Second largest religion in the world Most recently founded religion Started around 622 AD (Beth Davies-Stofka)

Origins

http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam.html

Founder: Muhammad, a merchant who had become very knowledgeable on Christianity and Judaism through his travels

Muhammad is considered the final prophet after Adam, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus

Had revelations that he believed were from God

Presented his revelations to the people of Mecca

Mostly ridiculed but gained a few followers

(Encylcopedia Britannica: Islam)

Origins

http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Origins/Beginnings.html

Attacked and had to flee to Medina People of Medina embraced Islamic faith

and followed Muhammad He became a political and military leader

and in 630 AD he attacked Mecca Mecca almost immediately

surrendered and became the center of Islam

(Beth Davies-Stofka)

Origins

http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Origins/Beginnings?offset=1&max=1

The contents of Muhammad’s revelations were recorded by his followers and compiled into the sacred text known as the Qur’an

Muslims base their laws on the Qur’an and the Sunnah

Their way of life is dictated by the Sunnah and the five Pillars of Islam

(BBC: Islam)

Origins

There is only one God called Allah Muhammad is the restorer of the original,

monotheistic faith of Adam, Moses, and Jesus Belief in the six articles

of faith The Qur’an is the holy

book of Islam The Sunnah and Pillars

of Islam prescribe the way of life

Major Tenets

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/galleries/hajj/

Shahādah: Declaration of faith (rite of passage)

Salāt: Praying 5 times a day (clean, facing Mecca)

Zakāt: Giving money to charity (2.5%)

Saum: Fasting Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once (optional)

(BBC: Islam)

Five Pillars of Islam

http://www.flickr.com/photos/4444/417596839/

Belief in Allah as the one and only God Belief in Allah’s angels Belief in the holy books Belief in the prophets Belief in the day of

judgement: the day everyone will be judged and sent to heaven or hell

Belief in predestination: Allah knows of everything

(BBC Islam: Basic Articles of Faith)

Six Articles of Faith

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/texts/quran_1.shtml

The death of Muhammad in 622 AD was a major crisis for the newfound Muslim population

In this, 2 major groups emerged with possible solutions

Sunni Muslims wanted the new leader to be someone who is capable for the job

Shia Muslims wanted the new leader to be related to Muhammad, regardless of merit

Role of Islam in Afghan Politics

Five Pillars of Islam Ramadan: 9th month of Islamic calender,

fasting during daylight hours In the Middle East, where there is

political turmoil Islam provides unity between people

(BBC Islam Ramadan)

Role of Islam in Afghan Life

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Men_praying_at_Babur_Gardens_in_2010.jpg

Davies-Stofka, Beth, and Mohammed Fadel. "Islam Origins,

Islam History, Islam Beliefs." Islam Origins, Islam History,

Islam Beliefs. Patheos, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012.

"Islam." Islam. ReligionFacts, 17 Mar. 2004. Web. 17 Oct. 2012.

"Islam (religion)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia

Britannica, 20 July 2012. Web. 17 Oct. 2012. "Religion: Islam." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 17 Oct. 2012.

Works Cited