shavira_bin_alias_05_24.pdf

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* ' \ S f ; / l

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

LEARNING TARANNUM AL-QURAN IN

MULTIMEDIA

SHAVIRA BIN ALIAS

Bachelor of Science (Hons) Information System Engineering

Faculty of Information Technology And

Quantitative Science

NOVEMBER 2005


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Checked and approved by:

PN ZAN AZMA BINTI N ASRUDDIN

(Supervisor)


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DECLARATION

I certify that this thesis and the research to which it refers are the product of my own

work and that any ideas or quotation from the work of other people, published or

otherwise are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referring practices of

the discipline

November

21 ,

2004 SHAVIRA BIN ALIAS

2 3285441


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praises to Allah s.w.t for all His bless that I had during the completion of this

research paper. Without His consent, I would not express my sincere to those who had

involve in contributing their ideas and support either directly or indirectly in making this

research completed and finished successfully.

First ofall,I would like to thank my supervisor, PN ZAN AZMA BINT INASR UD DIN

for her ideas, patience, priceless advices and support in guiding the throughout the whole

process in completion of this research study.

Very special thanks goes to my family for their love, never ending support and

encouragements in making sure I do my best in completing this research study. To my

entire friend, thank you for their support in completing this research. To all respondents,

thank you for their co-operation for helping me gain the data and information by

answering the questionnaire that had been given.

Finally, to all mention here, wish you all the best and might Allah bless you all.

Thank you so much.

Ill


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGE

APPROVAL

DECLARATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ABSTRACT

I

i i

iii

vi

X

xi

xii

xiii

CHAPTERONE:INTRODUCTION

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

Backgrou nd of the Project

Problem Statements

Project Scope

Project Objectives

Significance of Project

Summary

1

3

4

4

5

CHAPTER

TWO:

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 6

2.2 Detailed Description about Implementation of Multimedia Elements

in Learning 6

2.3 Definition of Related Technical Terminology

2.3.1 Interface and Interaction 7

2.3.2 Human Computer Interaction 8

VI


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2.3.3 User-Centred Design 9

2.3.4 Learning Theory 9

2.3.5 Multimedia 9

2.3.6 M ultimedia in Learning 10

2.3.7 Multimedia Elements in Design the Learning

Interface 13

2.3.8 What is Tarannum Al-Quran? 14

2.3.9 Evaluation Based On Usability and

Heuristic Principles. 14

2.4 Different Me thodologies/ App roaches

To Solve the Same Problem 18

2.4.1 Learning Language via Audio Tapes 18

2.4.2 Language Activity Wo rkbook 18

2.5 Brief Description of All Know n Similar and

Relevant Project 19

2.5.1 Interactive Mu ltimedia Self-learning Linguistic

Software (SLIM) 19

CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT STRUCTURE

3.1 Introduction 20

3.2 Research Approch

3.2.1 Research Overview

3 2 1 1Problem Study 22

3 2 1 2

Resea rch Definition 22

3.2.2 Kno wledge Acq uisition

3 2 2 1Keyword Search 23

3 2 2 2

Data Collection 23

3.2.3 Knowledge Comprehension

3 2 3 1

Study Literature 23

3.2.4 Assessment

3 2 4 1Analysis 24

vu


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3 2 4 2

Storyboard 24

3.2.4.3^FlowChart 25

3 2 4 4Prototype 25

3.3 Method and data collection 26

3.3.1 Survey 26

3.3.2 Interview 27

3.3.3 Analysis of related studies 29

3.4 Analysis of Research Data 29

3.5 Hardware and.Software Required 30

3.5.1 Hardware 30

3.5.2 Software 30

3.6 Summary 31

CHAPTER

FOUR

FINDING AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction 32

4.2 Understanding User Requirements 32

4.2.1 User Requirements 32

4.2.2 Multimedia Elements in Learning 33

4.3 Design 35

4.3.1 Design Storyboard 37

4.3.2 Create Flowchart 38

4.4 Develop Prototype 38

4.5 Evaluation 46

4.5.1 Usability Testing 46

4.5.2 Heuristic Evaluation Checklist 47

4.4 Good Aspect and Design Problem 52

4.5 Summary 54

V l l l


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CHAPTERFIVE:CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Conclusion 56

5.2 Recommendation 57

REFERENCES 58

APPENDICES

A: STORY BOARD

B:INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

IX


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LIST OF TABLES

TABLES PAGE

3.1 Table3.1:Data Analysis Method 30

4.1 User Testing Results 46

4.2 Heuristic Evaluation Checklist 47

4.3 Good Aspect and Design Problem 52


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LIST OF FIGURE S

FIGURE

2.1

3.1

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

Mayer's Multimedia Framework

The flow of Research Approach and Me thodology

Flow C hart for Learning Tarannum Al-Quran

Introduction Page

Main Menu Page

'Pengenalan Tarannum' Page

' Jenis Lagu Ta rannum ' Page

Sub-menus page

Al-Quran Page

'Tentukan Lagu' Page

'Padankan Jawapan' Page

'Teka Silang Kata' Page

PAGE

12

21

38

39

40

41

42

42

43

44

44

45

XI


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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

HCI Human Computer Interaction

UiTM University Technology MARA

Xl l


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ABSTRACT

In this study, the application of muUimedia in learning Tarannum Al-Quran has been

investigated and the prototype of learning Tarannum Al-Quran is already built. The

methods that used to gather information for this study are literature questionnaires and

interview. The application of multimedia in learning is not familiar in this country

especially about Tarannum Al-Quran. This research is study on the implementation of

multimedia elements in learning the Tarannum Al-Quran. The prototype is designed

based on user requirements, usability and the elements of multimedia. The usability is

the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction where user can achieve a specified task in

particular env ironm ent. As a result, it will identify the multimedia element in designing

learning interface. The interviews are used to collect user requirements. In addition,

usability testing and heuristic evaluation is used for evaluation of the interface. The

interview and questionnaire is used in order to get the feedback from user and an expert.

From the analysis, information is gained on the usability of the interface. The

enhancement has done, based on the usability of the interface. Prototype is developed in

order to give a clear view of

th

improvement interface.

xiu


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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides the background and rationale for the project. It also gives details

of the significant information, the issues and problems that to this project.

1.0 Background ofth Project

Tarannum AL-Quran is in Arabic language but the meaning is the song of Al-Quran

where the Tarannum Al-Quran has 6 type of song such as Bayyati, Hijaz, Soba, Sika,

Nahwan and Rast. Basically the purpose of Tarannum Al-Quran is when the Muslim

read the Al-Quran by use the Tarannum Al-Quran, it will be your reading is good to

hearing by any people because in Tarannum Al-Quran has a node, many type of song

and a good tone.

In Malaysia is very familiar of all this AL-Quran song where 'qari' and 'qariah'

in Malaysia always is the winner in any international competition of Tilawah Al-Quran.

No w onder in Malaysia all people already know about Tarannum Al-Quran.

The use of computer-based multimedia systems for education and training is

rapidly increasing. Multimed% systems allow information has presented as text, audio,

graphics, video, and animation. This variety of presentation media permits the

generation of impressive displays that are dazzling to eye and ear.

Making learning systems more user-centric in order to prevent annoyance of

students is significant. The mean to this end could be improving learning systems by

performing adaptation and integrate this feature into learning. All apply the general


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HCI concept in their own design. The application of HCI also increases the usability to

gain competitive advantage. When des-igning the learning application, the interface

must balance with the creative possibilities. It is possible to design an attractive,

informative, and useful learning application.

This project is an effort to introduce the Tarannum Al-Quran for the people

anyone who can understand the Tarannum Al-Quran with practically no background in

the Al-Q uran's songs and able to improve those who have a basic background in the Al-

Quran's songs. It is design with a topic based approach starting from introduction and

history about Tarannum Al-Quran then continue to the techniques of read Al-Quran by

using Tarannum A l-Quran and learn more about type of Al-Quran's songs.

Many factors or requirements from user will identify on the designing interfaces

for learning. In addition, this project has using many aspects to design a prototype. There

are multimedia elements, learning theory, and Human Computer Interaction. The key

concepts that followed in these designs are heuristic principles. Heuristics principle

allow designer get the user requirements and evaluate these requirements for design the

interfaces.

1 .1 Pr ob l e m S ta te m e n ts

Nowadays, many people especially Islamic people did not know what Tarannum

Al-Quran is. Tarannum should be able to use when you want to read Al-Qu ran.

i. Many people especially Islamic people did not know what Tarannum Al-

Quran is.

ii.

People also did not know how to using Tarannum Al-Quran in reading

Al-Quran and techniques of Tarannum Al-Quran.

iii.

Islamic people should read Al-Quran properly by using Tarannum Al-

Quran.


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iv. No t much learning software especially in Malaysia about learning

Tarannum Al-Quran.

1.2 Project Scope

The scope of this project has focused on designing interfaces using multimedia

elements in learning the Tarannum Al-Quran. This project also focused on the

Tarannum Al-Quran in Malaysia. The purpose of this project is designing user

interfaces for learning the Tarannum Al-Quran. This project will use multimedia

elements such as audio, video, graphics, animation and text in learning the Tarannum

Al-Quran. This elements can give the interfaces will be more interactive. To evaluate

this prototype, user testing and heuristic evaluation has used.

Tarannum Al-Quran or Quran songs have a wide scope. It consists of many

different stages from basic to the advanced phases. This project will act as a

foundation. I hope that will gain their interest in learning the Quran songs. The project

covers the topics of the principles in teaching T arannum A l-Quran. It will include:

i. The introduction to Tarannum Al-Quran, type of Al-Quran song in

Tarannum Al-Quran and techniques in reading Al-Quran by using

Tarannum Al-Quran.

ii. The lessons that consist of three chapter that will include history of

Tarannum Al-Quran, techniques of Tarannum Al-Quran and Type of song

in Tarannum Al-Quran.

ii. The exercise module, which allow user to test their understanding and

performances in learning Tarannum Al-Quran.


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1.3 Project Object ive

i. To identify user requirements and multimed ia elements in order to design

user interfaces for learning Tarannum Al-Quran.

ii.

To create a prototype on learning Tarannum Al-Quran based on heuristic

principles.

iii. To evaluate the effectiveness of the prototype on learning Tarannum Al-

Quran.

1.4 S igni f i cance Of Project

This project is required to the design an interfaces for learning the Tarannum Al-Quran

based in particular requirements. This project will enable users to know and learn more

about Tarannum Al-Quran it is because many people especially Islamic people did not

know what Tarannum Al-Quran is. With that, by this project or software people can

learn Tarannum Al-Quran at home by using this software without attend any class.

This project also would be the steps to give an attention to all people especially

to Islamic people on how important by using Tarannum Al-Quran when they read Al-

Quran. Others significance of this project is to promote learning software of Tarannum

Al-Quran to public. Actually, not much learning software especially in Malaysia about

learning Tarannum Al-Quran.

An analysis of the environmental factor, multimedia elements and aspects of

Human Computer Interaction will be able in order to design it. So that, people for will

use the proper design of interaction and interfaces learn the Tarnnum Al-Quran

effectively.


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1.5 Summary

This project involved designing the interfaces for learning the Tarannum Al-Quran. In

designing this project, many features are included in order to make it possible to reach

and gain the interest of the target user. The designing are used the multimedia elements,

which is sounds, graphic, audio, and animations. The Human Computer Interaction

principles were use in the designing interfaces of this system. The problems have

described in this chapter.


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C H A P T E R 2

L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W

This chapter provides the critical reviews based on all aspects that use in this project.

2 . 1 I n tr od u c t i on

In this section, the researcher will discuss the learning of Tarannum Al-Quran. In order

to discuss this section, researcher has included some part of article taken that has been

published from book, internet and journal related with this project is chapter, researcher

will discuss about this project within the wider context and give some review about the

article researcher touch. Typically, this chapter will divide into four sub chapter that

comprise

Introduction, Detailed Description about Implementation of Multimedia

Elements in

Learning

Definiiion of Related

echnical

Terminology

and

Conclusion.

2 . 2 D e ta i l e d D e s c r i p t i on a b ou t I m p l e m e n ta t i on o f M u l t i m e d i a

E l e m e n t s i n L e a r n i n g

This project is about the implementation of multimedia elements in learning Tarannum

Al-Quran. Nowadays, many technologies are using to enhance learning and educational

aspects. The development prototype in learning Tarannum Al-Quran has been used

multimedia elements like auoio, text, video, animation, and graphics. The suitable of

multimedia elements in learning also has defined.

This project is introduced new techniques of learning Tarannum Al-Quran using

multimedia. By using this technique, user can learn Tarannum Al-Quran with the help of

multimedia tools that consist of graphics, sound, text, and animations. The user in this


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project is the public. Most public in Malaysia did not know how to use and understand

Tarannum Al-Quran.

Based on this project, a prototype for learning Tarannum Al-Quran has

developed. Several aspects have used to design this prototype, there are:

User requirem ent to design the interface

Guideline to design user interface in learning

Mu ltimedia elements in learning

Evaluation and user testing

2 . 3 D e f i n i t i on o f R e l a te d T e c h n i c a l T e r m i n o l og y

2.3 .1 Interface and Interact ion des ign

Interface and interaction design are the types of design. Many peoples are

confused with the terms of interface and interaction. The two terms have

different meanings . According to (S. Smith, 2001 ), interface design developed by

taking the information usually comes from document called a requirements

specification. Interaction design refers how the software works. Interaction

design also is variously defined by (Preece et all, 2002) as a designing the

interactive products to support people in their everyday and w orking lives. For an

example, how does the user navigate between screens? and what actions are

possible on any given screens? However, the two types of design have a

connection between them. Interface design must develop some of the interaction

design. Based on the definitions of the projecters, the definitions of the

interaction are similar and the terms of interface and interaction defined as a

different meaning.


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2 . 3 . 2 H u m a n C o m p u t e r I n t e r a c t i o n

Interface is very important to any system development. Frequently, developers

are very sensitive about the interface in the system. Therefore, Human Computer

Interaction is one of the lessons that teach or guide the designer to design the

good interface. A good interface can give the user easy to use the system. Based

on (Gustav, 2002), Human Computer Interaction is concerned the designing

computer systems that allow users carry out their activities efficiently and safely.

Besides, HCI also concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of

interactive computer systems for human use. It is a wide variety of different kind

of people and not just technical specialists as in the past, so it is important to

design HCI that supports the needs, knowledge, and skills of the anticipated

users.

(Sushma, 2002) also using Human Computer Interaction theories in his

project about internet portal. In his project, the tailor information on the portal

was using HCI theories. The design of Web portals was applying the actual

principles and theories of human-computer interaction to ensure better ease of

use.

HCI allow all the designers have to think beyond the technical

requirements of the system. The designers must think about the interaction that

goes between the user and the computer. When designing the system, the

designer must take many important factors such as training issues, working

practice, management and organization issues. The bad or poorly designed and

implemented computer systems can be very frustrating to the users (Gustav,

2002).


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2.3.3 User-Centred D esign

One of the m ost exciting parts of the software development process is designing

the interface, or the part of the software that users see and interact with.

Furthermore, many guidelines are referred to design the interface. This project is

using User-Centred Design as a guideline to design the interface.

(Jess McMuUin, 2000) has defined the term of User-Centred Design as a

methodology and philosophy for creating products that make users and their

goals the primary driver in development. According to (Abras.C et all, 2004),

User-Centred Design is a broad term to describe design process in which end-

users influence how a design take shape. It is broad philosophy and variety of

methods.

The term described above, provide an initial step to understanding the

guide in designing the interface for this project. Based on the term of User-

Centred Design, the user is the important in designing the interface.

2.3.4 Learning Theory

(Gagne, 1985) has defined learning as a change in human disposition or

capability that persists over a period of time and is not simply ascribable to

processes of growth.

2.3.5 Multimedia

Multimedia is one of the technologies, which have the exciting innovation in the

age of information. The rapid growth of multimedia technology over the last

decade has brought about fundamental changes to computing, entertainment, and

education.


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(Brett, P.A. 1995) has defined multimedia as the computer based delivery

of video, audio, written text, graphics and the integration of these media may

prove a useful tool for second language learning. Multimedia is more than one

concurrent presentation m edium (for exam ple, on CD-ROM or a Web site), it has

typically meant one of the following: Text and sound , Text, sound, and still or

animated graphic images ,Text, sound, and video images ,Video and sound ,

Multiple display areas, images, or presentations presented concurrently or in live

situations. According to (Tay Vaughan, 1998) multimedia is as a woven

combination of text, graphic art, sound, animation, and video elements.

Multimedia, the computer based delivery of video, audio, written text, graphics

and the integration of these media may prove a useful tool for second language

learning.

2 . 3 . 6 M u l t i m e d i a i n L e ar n i n g

(Peter, 2002) has showed the definition of multimedia in multiple ways. All the

definitions are depending upon one's perspectives. Multimedia is the use of

multiple forms of media in a presentation. In other perceptions, multimedia is

information in the form of graphics, audio, video, or movies. A multimedia

document contains a media elements other plain text.

Nowadays, an educational environment is using multimedia elements in

designing the learning applications. From (Mark, 2002) project, his using

multimedia collaborative in Science Computer classes, there are many benefits

are defined, such as to students which the significant role in the learning.

Students can learn through articulating their knowledge in the multimedia

documents, review their own works, and receiving comments and critique on

their works. Multimedia also provides new opportunities for new kinds of

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students' communication and reflection that may lead to significant new ways to

learn.

Good interface design can maximize the advantages of multimedia while

minimizing the disadvantages. Interface design issues applicable to this project

are including the integration of media, navigation, and use of metaphors,

standards, and guidelines, and the goals of the multimedia system. Good

multimedia programs integrate different media types seamlessly (Theresa, 1996).

Multimedia frequently uses the metaphor of human-to-human communication as

part of the interface design. One example of the use of guides for multimedia is

the Am ericana Series: A CDROM Sam pler of United States History developed

by Apple in conjunction with Grolier, Inc. (Laurel et al., 1990).

The interface design is dependent on the purpose of the multimedia

system. The purpose of multimedia systems used is instruction. There is little

information on user interface design as it applies to the design and development

of educational software (Jones et al, 1995).

One of the examples of interactive multimedia system is Virtual

Interactive Teaching Environment. According to (F. Liarokapis et al) Virtual

Interactive Teaching Environment has designed to enable the educator to use

techniques that are more sophisticated and as a result to help the students to learn

more effectively using multimedia elements. The interactive system is taking into

consideration both the technological and educational issues. Consequently, a

multimedia increase reality interface is design and implement in an effective and

efficient manner for both the teacher and the students.

Potential advantages to multimedia are numerous. The poor design of

multimedia interfaces can be minimized the multimedia advantages. The

advantages of multimedia are so broad. One major advantage to interactive

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multimedia systems is the degree of learner control. Learner-controlled

instruction allows

the

student

to

study material

at

rapidity that suits his/her needs.

Students are under less pressure to perform within certain time limits.

Multimedia instructional systems allow learners the opportunity to explore

material of their choosing at apace thatiscomfortabletothem (Theresa, 1 996).

Based from

the

good interface design

in

multimedia will give

the

impact

in learning and the student performance. Theeffects ofmultimedia onlearning

and performance require a solid foundation in learning theory (Mark, 2002).

Mayer

has

developed

the

multimedia framework bases

his

cognitive theory

of

muhimedia learning.Themodel showed above:

MULT I M ED I A

PRESENTA T I ON

S E N SO RY

M EMO H Y

WORK I N G MEMORY

sflectingi

words

selectiui

mmges

Soimd;

Images

orgamzmg

words

Verbal

Model

atss]

niTin^

images

i n t e g r a t i s g r j ^

Pictorial

Model

LONGfT RM

MEMORY

Prior

Knowledge

Figure2,1:Mayer's Multimedia Framework

This model based

on

three primary assumptions. (Mayer, 2001 ).There

is:

i. Visual and auditory experiences/information is processes through separate

and distinct information processing channels.

ii.

Each information-processing channel

is

limited

in its

ability

to

process

experience/information.

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