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61.80.73.86 Job It 387361.80.73.86 Job # 3873

Harris Nuclear Plant

2001 Environmental Monitoring Report

Environmental Services Section

HARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT2001 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

October 2002

Environmental Services Section

CP&L - A Progress Energy CompanyNew Hill, North Carolina

2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportHarrs Nuclear Plant201EvonetlM ion ept

Preface

This copy of the report is not a controlled document as detailed in Environmental ServicesSection Biology Program Procedures and Quality Assurance Manual. Any changes made to theoriginal of this report subsequent to the date of issuance can be obtained from:

DirectorEnvironmental Services Section

CP&L - A Progress Energy Company3932 New Hill-Holleman Road

New Hill, North Carolina 27562-0327

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionI

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report

Table of Contents

PagePreface .................................................................................... i..List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... iiiList of Figures ......................................................................................................................... iiiList of Appendices ..................................................................................................... iiiM etric-English Conversion and Units of M easure ................................................................. ivW ater Chem istry Abbreviations .............................................................................................. ivEXECUTIV E SUM M ARY ..................................................................................................... vHARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT 2000 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Reservoir Description ....................................................................................................... 1Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 1M ethods ............................................................................................................................. 2

RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AT HARRIS RESERVOIRDURING 2000

Lim nology ......................................................................................................................... 7Tem perature and Dissolved Oxygen ........................................................................... 7W ater Clarity .............................................................................................................. 7Chlorophyll a .............................................................................................................. 7N utrients and Total Organic Carbon ........................................................................... 8Specific Conductance, Ions and Hardness .................................................................. 8pH and Total A lkalinity .............................................................................................. -8Trace M etals and M etalloids ....................................................................................... 9

Biofouling M onitoring Surveys ........................................................................................ 9Aquatic Vegetation ........................................................................................................... 9

CON CLUSION S ..................................................................................................................... 10REFEREN CES ....................................................................................................................... 11

Carolina Power & Ught Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power& Ught Company Environmental Services Sectionii


List of TablesTable P _ge

I Environmental monitoring program at Harris Reservoir for 2001 .......................... 4

2 Field sampling and laboratory methods followed in the 2001 environmentalmonitoring program at Harris Reservoir .................................................................. 5

3 Statistical analyses performed on data collected for the 2001 environmentalmonitoring program at Harris Reservoir ............................................................. 6

List of FiguresFigure Page

1 Sampling areas and stations at Harris Reservoir during 2001 ................................. 3

List of AppendicesAppendix Page

1 Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, and Secchi disktransparency data collected from Harris Reservoir during 2001 ......................... A-1

2 Means, ranges, and spatial trends of selected limnological variablesfrom the surface waters of Harris Reservoir during 2001 .................................... A-2

3 Annual mean water chemistry variables from the surface waters

of Harris Reservoir 1997-2001 ............................................................................ A-3

4 Concentrations of chemical variables in Harris Reservoir during 2001 ............. A-4

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Sectioniii

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportharsNcla lnt20 niromna o~o~gRp

Metric-English Conversion and Units of Measure

Length1 micron (s.m) = 4.0 x 10,5 inch1 millimeter (umm) = 1000 /zm = 0.04 inch1 centimeter (cm) 10 mm = 0.4 inch1 meter (m) = 100 cm = 3.28 feet1 kilometer (kin) = 1000 m = 0.62 mile

Area1 square meter (m2) = 10.76 square feet1 hectare (ha) = 10,000 m2 = 2.47 acres

Volume1 milliliter (ml) = 0.034 fluid ounce1 liter = 1000 ml = 0.26 gallon1 cubic meter = 35.3 cubic feet

Weight1 microgram (jsg) = 10-3 ing or

10-6 g = 3.5 x 10-8 ounce1 milligram (mg) = 3.5 x 10.' ounce1 gram (g) = 1000 mg = 0.035 ounce1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g = 2.2 pounds1 metric ton = 1000 kg = 1.1 tonsI kg/hectare = 0.89 pound/acre

Temperature

Degrees.Celsius (°C) = 5/9 (°F-32)

Specific conductance,uS/cm = Microsiemens/centimeter

TurbidityNTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Unit

Water Chemistry Abbreviations

CI Chloride

SQO4 - Sulfate

Ca2+ - Total calcium

Mg 2+ - Total magnesium

Na+ - Total sodium

TN - Total nitrogen

NH3-N - Ammonia-nitrogen

N0 3" + N0 2-- N - Nitrate +

nitrite-nitrogen

TP - Total phosphorus

TOC - Total organic carbon

TS - Total solids

TDS - Total dissolved solids

TSS - Total suspended solids

Al - Total aluminum

Cd - Total cadmium

Cu - Total copper

Hg - Total mercury

CaolnaPoe &I i opn niometlSrie etoCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Sectioniv


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Harris Reservoir supplies makeup water to the closed-cycle cooling system for the Harris Nuclear

Plant. The Harris Nuclear Plant discharges primarily cooling tower blowdown along with low

volume waste discharges into the reservoir near the main dam.

Nutrient concentrations, including total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations, remained

stable for the reporting period (1997-2001) and were in an acceptable range for a productive

reservoir in this area. The concentrations of most chemical constituents did not exhibit any

consistent statistically significant temporal changes and were in ranges that were not considered

detrimental to the biological community.

Hydrilla stands reaching the surface of the water were observed in the intake canal in Harris

Reservoir during 2001. However, no fouling of the plant intake screens has occurred. No stands

of hydrilla were observed in the littoral zone of the auxiliary reservoir during 2001. The attempt

to control hydrilla in the auxiliary reservoir by releasing grass carp in the autumn of 1994, 1996,

and 1997 appears to have been effective in reducing the quantity and area covered by this

vegetation.

Carolina Power & Ught Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power& Ught Company Environmental Services Section

v


HARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT2001 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

Reservoir Description

Harris Reservoir, located in Chatham and Wake Counties, North Carolina, was created by

impounding Buckhom Creek, a tributary of the Cape Fear River (Figure 1). The main body of

Harris Reservoir has a surface area of 1680 ha; the auxiliary reservoir has a surface area of

130 ha. The main reservoir has a maximum depth of 18 m, a mean depth of 5.3 m, a volume of

8.9 x 107 m3, a full-pool elevation of 67.1 m National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD), and an

average residence time of 28 months. The reservoir began filling in December 1980 and

full-pool elevation was reached in February 1983. The 64.5-km shoreline is mostly wooded and

the 183.9-km2 drainage area is mostly rolling hills with land used primarily for forestry and

agriculture. The conversion of areas from forestry or agricultural purposes to residential uses

continues in many areas of the drainage.

Harris Reservoir was constructed to supply cooling tower makeup and auxiliary reservoir

makeup water to the 900-MW Harris Nuclear Plant, which began commercial operation in May

1987. In 1986 the bottom waters of the reservoir near the main dam began receiving National

Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)-permitted wastewater discharges from the

power plant cooling tower. Tributaries also receive NPDES-permitted discharges from the

Harris Energy and Environmental Center and from wastewater treatment plants at Apex and

Holly Springs. The reservoir is a source of drinking water for some CP&L employees.

Objectives

The primary objectives of the 2001 Harris Nuclear Plant non-radiological environmental

monitoring program were to: (1) assess the reservoir's overall water quality, (2) identify any

natural or power plant-induced effects on the water quality in the reservoir, and (3) document the

introduction and expansion of nonnative plant and animal populations in the reservoir. These

objectives have also been addressed in previous annual monitoring reports with the most recent

detailed in CP&L 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001.

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionI


Methods

The 2001 environmental program included monitoring the reservoir's: (1) limnological

characteristics (water quality, water chemistry, and chlorophyll a), (2) distribution of aquatic

vegetation, and (3) possible introductions of the zebra mussel and the quagga mussel. Sampling

methods, data summaries, and statistical analyses for data collected during 2001 were similar to

those used for data collected during 2000 (CP&L 2001) (Tables 2 and 3). Trend analyses of the

data were evaluated for the most recent five years of monitoring (1997-2001) for most programs.

Supporting data summaries and appropriate statistical analyses were used to describe and

interpret the environmental quality of the reservoir (Table 3).

All analytical testing, except total phosphorus analyses, completed in support of the Harris

Reservoir environmental monitoring program was performed by testing laboratories that are

certified by the N. C. Division of Water Quality's Laboratory Certification Program to perform

water and wastewater testing. Perkins Limnological Consulting, LLC, a vendor approved by

CP&L for this testing, conducted total phosphorus analysis. The accuracy and precision of

laboratory analyses of water chemistry data were determined with analytical standards, spikes,

and replicates. Quality assurance information including the accuracy and percent recovery of

water chemistry standards are available upon request. In this report where concentrations were

less than the laboratory-reporting limit, the concentrations were assumed to be at one-half the

reporting limit for the calculation of the mean. Where statistically significant results were

reported, a Type I error rate of 5% (-c = 0.05) was used and Fisher's protected least significant

difference test was applied to determine where significant differences in mean values occurred.

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services SectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section2

2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportHarris Nuclear Plant2

-~ SLZ~ew hite

-' k O~crek -White oak.Creek

A,.R D

V

I

Figure 1. Sampling areas and stations at Harris Reservoir during 2001.

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section3


Table 1. Environmental monitoring program at Harris Reservoir for 2001.

Program Frequency Location

Water quality January, May, July, November Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2(surface to bottom at1;rm intervals)

Water chemistry January, May, July, November Stations E2, H2, P3, and S2(surface samples at all stations)

Plankton" January, May, July, November Stations E2, H2, P3, and S2

Biofouling monitoring

Zebra mussel surveys January, May, July, November Areas E, P or Q, and V

Aquatic vegetation survey Once per calendar year (Fall) Areas Ml and Z

+Plankton included phytoplankton (algae) and chlorophyll a samples. Phytoplankton sampleswere collected and preserved but were not identified because all sampled chlorophyll aconcentrations were < 40/2g/L.



Table 2. Field sampling and laboratory methods followed in the 2001 environmentalmonitoring program at Harris Reservoir.

Program Method

Water quality

Water chemistry

Phytoplankton

Chlorophyll a

Zebra mussel

Aquaticvegetationsurvey

Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance were measured withcalibrated YSr? multiparameter instruments and YS? dissolved oxygen meters.Measurements were taken from surface to bottom at 1-m intervals. Water clarity wasmeasured with a Secchi disk.

Surface (Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2) and bottom samples (Station E2) were collectedin appropriate containers, transported to the laboratory on ice, and analyzed accordingto accepted laboratory methods.

Equal amounts of water from the surface, the Secchi disk transparency depth, andtwice the Secchi disk transparency depth were obtained with a Van Dom sampler andmixed in a plastic container. A 250-ml sub sample was taken and preserved with 5 mlof "M3" fixative.

Equal amounts of water from the surface, the Secchi disk transparency depth, andtwice the Secchi disk transparency depth were obtained with a Van Dorn sampler,placed in a plastic container and mixed, then a 1000-ml sub sample was collected in adark bottle. All samples were placed on ice and returned to the laboratory. In thelaboratory a 250-ml sub sample was analyzed according to Strickland and Parsons(1972) and APHA (1995).

The dock at the Holleman's boat ramp, or water quality station marker buoys werevisually inspected for the presence of mussels during routine water quality monitoring.

Portions of the shoreline and/or littoral zone of the Harris Plant main reservoir intakecanal and auxiliary reservoir were systematically surveyed by boat to document thepresence of aquatic vegetation, specifically hydrilla and creeping waterprimrose.

Caoln Powe & LihIopn niometlSrie toCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section5


Table 3. Statistical analyses performed on data collected for the 2001 environmentalmonitoring program at Harris Reservoir.

Transfor- Statistical MainProgram Variable mation Test/model+ effect(s)

Water quality Specific conductance and None One-way, block on month StationSecchi disk transparency

Specific conductance and None Two-way, block on month Station, yearSecchi disk transparency

Water chemistry Select monitoring variables None One-way, block on month Station

Select monitoring variables None Two-way, block on month Station, year

Phytoplankton Chlorophyll a None One-way, block on month Station

Chlorophyll a None Two-way, block on month Station, year

'Statistical tests used were one-way and two-way analysis of variance models. A Type I errorrate of 5% (a = 0.05) was used to judge the significance of all tests. Fisher's protectedleast significant difference (LSD) test was applied to determine where differences inmeans occurred.

C e L CIr mitlCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section6


RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ATHARRIS RESERVOIR DURING 2001

Limnology

Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen

* Reservoir waters were stratified at all stations during May and July and were either well

mixed or very weakly stratified during January and November, 2001 (Appendix 1). During

May and July, portions of the hypolimnion were anoxic (i.e., conditions where dissolved

oxygen concentrations are less than 1 mg/liter) at Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2 (Appendix 1).

A bottom-water oxygen decline is typical at the deeper stations during the warm summer

months in Harris Reservoir and in other productive southeastern water bodies when well-

defined thermoclines develop.

Water Clarity (Secchi disk transparency, Solids, and Turbidity)

" The Secchi disk transparency depth (a water clarity indicator) generally increased with linear

distance from the headwater region (Station S2) to the dam during May and July 2001

(Appendix 1). However, headwaters were much clearer than downstream stations during

January and November of 2001. Although there were monthly spatial differences, there

were no significant differences in the annual mean Secchi disk transparencies between

stations during 2001 (Appendix 2). Neither were there any significant differences in the

reservoir-wide annual mean Secchi disk transparency values during the period 1997 to 2001

(Appendix 3).

• There were no significant spatial trends for solids (i.e., total solids and total suspended solids)

or turbidity except for total dissolved solids during 2001 (Appendix 2).

" The annual mean total solids and total dissolved solids were statistically variable during the

1997 through 2001 observation period (Appendix 3). These minor fluctuations were not

biologically important.

Chlorophyll a

* During 2001, mean chlorophyll a concentrations (an indicator of algal biomass) in Harris

Carolina Power& Light Company Environmental Services Section7


Reservoir continued to be indicative of moderate to high biological productivity. However,

unlike concentrations measured in 1997 and 1998, no chlorophyll a concentration exceeded

the North Carolina water quality standard of 40 41g/liter during 2001 (NCDEM 1992). There

were no significant spatial differences in chlorophyll a concentrations during 2001

(Appendix 2).

* Annual mean chlorophyll a concentrations observed during 2001 were significantly less than

during 1997 and 1998 (Appendix 3).

Nutrients and Total Oreanic Carbon (surface waters)

* There were no significant spatial differences among stations for mean nutrient (i.e.,

phosphorus, ammonia-N, nitrate + nitrite-N, and total nitrogen) and total organic carbon

concentrations in Harris Reservoir during 2001 (Appendix 2).

* Statistically significant temporal trends were detected only for nitrate + nitrite-N and total

organic carbon from 1997 to 2001 (Appendix 3). However, these differences were not

considered biologically important.

Specific Conductance. Ions, and Hardness (surface waters)

* There were no significant spatial differences in conductivity, ion concentration or hardness

during 2001 (Appendix 2).

" The annual mean chloride concentration significantly increased during 2001 compared to

concentrations during 1997- 1999. (Appendix 3). The annual mean concentrations of sodium

and sulfate were also greater during 2001 compared to one or more previous years. However,

these values represent relatively small increases.

" The annual mean reservoir conductivity was significantly higher during 2001 compared to the

previous four years (Appendix 3).

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services sectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section8


PH and Total Alkalinity

" Similar to 2000, the median pH in the surface waters of Harris Reservoir was 7.2 during 2001

(Appendix 1).

" In 2001 total alkalinity concentrations were not statistically different among stations

(Appendix 2). The annual mean total alkalinity concentrations fluctuated significantly but

with no consistent pattern during the 1997 to 2001 comparison period (Appendix 3).

Trace Metals and Metalloids (surface waters)

" Overall, concentrations of trace elements in Harris Reservoir were generally low in 2001 with

most concentrations less than or near their respective laboratory reporting limits (Appendices

2 and 4). No spatial trends for any measured trace elements were observed during 2001

(Appendix 2). Aluminum concentrations ranged from < 50 to 92 [ig/liter during 2001 with

the greater value recorded in a headwater region where aluminum concentrations may have

been influenced by upstream watershed sources (Appendices 2 and 4).

" Copper exhibited statistically significant variations in surface waters but no true temporal

trend was observed during the 1997 to 2001 comparison period (Appendix 3). Aluminum

also exhibited statistically significant variations in surface waters. The mean aluminum

concentration measured during 1999 was significantly greater than all other years from 1997

to 2001. No other temporal differences were observed among trace element concentrations in

the surface waters of Harris Reservoir for the period 1997 to 2001 (Appendices 3 and 4).

Biofouling Monitoring Surveys

No zebra mussels (Dreissena polymnorpha) or quagga mussels (D. bugensis), potentially

serious biofouling organisms to power plant operations, were found in Harris Reservoir or the

auxiliary reservoir during 2001. Zebra mussels and quagga mussels are not expected to

thrive in Harris Reservoir because concentrations of alkalinity, calcium, total hardness, and

pH are sub-optimal for mussel growth and reproduction (Claudi and Mackie 1993).

Carolina Power & Light Company EnvIronmental Services SectionCarolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section9


Aquatic Vegetation

* A visual survey for troublesome aquatic vegetation was conducted in the Harris Auxiliary

Reservoir on October 15, 2001. The survey included traveling by boat along the reservoir

and intake canal shorelines looking for topped-out stands of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) as

well as visiting shoreline locations where stands of hydrilla had previously grown. No

hydrilla was observed in the auxiliary reservoir. These observations indicate that stocking

grass carp effectively reduced the abundance of hydrilla.

" A similar aquatic vegetation survey was conducted the same day, in areas just outside of and

in the Harris Reservoir main intake canal. This survey indicated the presence of hydrilla

growing in the main intake canal. Both shorelines of the main intake canal were covered

with dense stands of water primrose (Jussiaea repens) and smartweed (Polygonum spp.).

These stands appeared to be similar in density and coverage area to stands seen in previous

years. Hydrilla in the intake canal and in the Thomas Creek area just outside the intake canal

was relatively more abundant in 2001 than during 2000 due to the mild winter and warm, dry

summer. Similar levels of hydrilla growth have been observed in the past with no effect on

Harris Plant operations.

" No impacts to Harris Nuclear Plant operations from aquatic vegetation occurred during 2001.

CONCLUSIONS

During 2001, the Harris Reservoir continued to show characteristics of a typical biologically

productive southeastern, reservoir with seasonally occurring oxygen-deficient subsurface waters,

elevated nutrient concentrations, and abundant rooted, shallow-water aquatic plants.

The environmental monitoring program conducted during 2001 continued to provide an

assessment of the effects of the Harris Nuclear Plant's operation on the various components of

the aquatic environment. Most key indicators of the environmental quality in Harris Reservoir

were unchanged from the previous five years. Nutrient concentrations have been a concern in

Harris Reservoir since phosphorous and nitrogen concentrations increased rapidly in the late

1980s and early 1990s. Water quality assessments determined that nutrient concentrations have

remained stable since 1995 and at levels acceptable for productive, southeastern reservoirs.

Carolina Power & Light Company 10 Environmental Services Section


Assessments of other water quality parameters, including solids, turbidity, total organic carbon,

ions (calcium, chloride, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate), total alkalinity, hardness, and metals,

indicate few if any consistent, statistically significant spatial or temporal trends. None of these

variables were at concentrations that would be detrimental to the aquatic community.

No nuisance algal blooms, as indicated by chlorophyll a concentrations, or exotic mussels were

detected in the main reservoir during 2001. Reservoir-wide chlorophyll a concentrations

demonstrated no consistent statistically significant increasing trend for the period 1997-200 1.

Hydrilla was relatively more abundant in the intake canal during 2001 compared to 2000. The

reduced size and extent of aquatic vegetation stands in the auxiliary reservoir indicates that grass

carp released in the fall of 1994, 1996, and 1997 continued to control the amount and area

coverage of hydrilla during 2001. No operational impacts have occurred at the Harris Nuclear

Plant because of aquatic vegetation biofouling.

REFERENCES

APHA. 1995. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 19th ed.American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.

CP&L. 1997. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1996 annual environmental monitoringreport. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.

1998. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1997 annual environmental monitoringreport. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.




Claudi, R., and G. L. Mackie. 1993. Practical manual for zebra mussel monitoring and control.Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.

NCDEM. 1992. North Carolina lake assessment report. Report No. 92-02. Water QualitySection, Division of Environmental Management, North Carolina Department ofEnvironment, Health, and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.

1994. Administrative code. Classification and water quality standards applicable to

Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Services Section11


surface waters of North Carolina. North Carolina Division of EnvironmentalManagement, Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.

Strickland, J. D. H., and T. R. Parsons. 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis.Bulletin No. 167 (2nd ed.). Fisheries Research Board of Canada.



Appendix 1. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, pH, and Secchi disktransparency data collected from Harris Reservoir during 2001.

January 23,2001

Depth Temperature Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH Secchi disk depth(M) (oC) (rag/L) (UStem) (mn)

E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 EZ H2 P2 82 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2

0.2 6.2 6.8 5.9 6.8 12.1 13.0 12.5 10.9 81 73 73 89 6.9 6.9 6.7 65 1.4 1,8 1L5 1.81.0 6.2 6.8 5.9 6.8 12,1 13.0 12.4 10.9 81 73 73 89 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.52.0 6.2 6.4 5.9 6.7 12.1 13.0 12.3 10.8 81 72 73 92 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.53.0 6.1 6.3 5.9 6.7 12.1 13.0 12.3 10.3 81 72 73 93 6,9 6.9 6.7 6.54.0 6.1 6.3 5.8 12.1 13.0 12.3 81 72 73 6.9 6.9 6.75.0 6.1 6.3 5.8 12.1 13.0 12.2 81 72 73 6.9 6.9 6.76.0 6.1 6.3 5.8 12.1 12.9 12.2 81 72 73 6.9 6.8 6.77.0 6.1 6.2 5.8 12.1 12,8 12,2 81 72 73 6.9 6.8 6.78.0 6.1 6.2 5.8 12.1 12.5 12.2 81. 72 73 6.9 6.8 6.79.0 6.1 12.1 81 6.9

10.0 6.1 12.1 81 6.911.0 6.1 12,1 81 6.912.0 6.1 12.1 81 6.913.0 6.1 12.1 81 6.914.0 6.1 12.1 81 6.915.0 6.0 11.9 S1 6.8

May 30,2001

Depth Temperature Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH Secchi disk depth(in) (9C) (mg/L) (,US/cm) (M)

E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2

0.2 24.6 25.3 24.6 24.6 12.1 11.7 11.0 10.2 171 120 122 123 7.8 7.7 6.7 6.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.91.0 24.2 24.2 24.2 24,0 12.4 12.2 11.2 9.6 122 118 121 121 7.9 7.7 6.9 6.52.0 23.6 23.8 23.5 23.8 12.6 12.2 11.2 9.2 119 117 119 120 8,0 7.7 6.9 6.53.0 23.5 22.8 23.4 23.2 12.1 8.4 10,2 1.2 119 117 118 124 7.9 7.7 6.9 6.44.0 23.1 21.7 22.8 10.4 5.3 8.2 118 117 118 7.7 7.6 6.85.0 21.4 20.6 20.8 5.9 1.3 3.2 118 116 119 7.7 7.4 6.86.0 19.6 20.1 19.7 1.4 0.8 1.3 121 117 118 7.5 7.3 6.77.0 18.2 18.5 18.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 124 120 119 7.5 7.2 6.78.0 17.8 17.5 17.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 124 126 121 7.4 7.1 6.69.0 17.3 17.2 0.2 0,1 121 128 7.3 7.0

10.0 16.6 0.2 119 7.311.0 16.0 0.1 118 7.212.0 15.4 0.1 117 7.213.0 14.9 0.1 118 7.114.0 14.1 0.1 122 7.015.0 13.6 0.0 124 7.016.0 13.6 0.0 126 6.917.0 13.5 0.0 129 6.9

Carolina Power & Light Company A-I Environmental Services Section


Appendix 1 (continued)

July 2, 2001

Depth Temperature Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH Secchi disk depth(m) (IC) (mg/L) (jS/cm) (m)

E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2

0.2 28.5 30.9 30.1 30.6 8.4 9.2 8.4 8.9 119 123 123 119 6.7 6.8 6.7 6.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.11.0 28.5 30.3 30.1 30.4 8.5 9.4 8.6 9.1 119 122 123 119 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.52.0 28.5 30.2 30.0 30.2 8.6 9.5 8.8 9.0 119 121 123 119 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.53.0 28.2 28.9 29.5 29.5 8.2 7.9 8.5 4.6 118 117 122 115 6,8 6.9 6.8 6.54.0 27.8 24.6 25.2 27.9 6.9 1.0 0.2 0.5 117 111 121 115 6.8 7.0 6.8 6.45.0 26.4 22.8 21.4 1.7 0.2 0.1 115 119 130 6.8 6.8 6.66.0 21.7 20.5 20.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 141 131 132 6.8 6.7 6.57.0 20.9 19.9 19.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 144 136 133 6.6 6.6 6.48.0 19.9 19.3 19.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 142 138 136 6.4 6.5 6.39.0 19.4 19.1 18.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 141 139 137 6.3 6.3 6.3

10.0 19.4 18.4 0.0 0.0 136 141 6.3 6.211.0 17.7 0.0 134 6.312.0 17.1 0.0 133 6.213.0 16.1 0.0 134 6.214.0 14.7 0.0 146 6.215.0 14.5 0.0 148 6.216.0 14.3 0.0 154 6.1

November 29, 2001

Depth Temperature Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH Secchi disk depth(m) (0C) (mg/L) (jUS/cm) (m)

E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 R2 P2 S2 E2 12 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2 E2 H2 P2 S2

0.2 15.0 17.1 16.6 16.8 8.6 11.2 10.8 10.8 89 92 88 93 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.7 1.3 1.6 1.7 2.01.0 14.8 16.9 16.2 16.8 7.8 11.0 10.6 10.7 89 91 92 92 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.72.0 14.6 16.2 15.9 15.8 7.5 10.8 10.3 10.5 89 90 90 92 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.83.0 14.5 15.0 15.4 14.0 7.0 10.0 9.5 8.1 88 86 89 98 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.24.0 14.4 14.5 14.8 13.2 6.8 8.3 8.2 7.5 89 86 89 109 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.15.0 14.4 14.2 14.4 6.6 7.6 7.4 88 86 87 7.2 7.3 7.36.0 14.3 14.0 14.0 6.4 6.7 6.3 88 86 88 7.2 7.3 7.27.0 14.3 13.9 14.0 6.4 5.5 5.7 89 86 88 7.2 7.2 7.28.0 14.3 13.9 14.0 6.4 5.0 5.4 88 86 89 7.2 7.2 7.19.0 14.2 13.8 14.0 6.3 3.9 4.9 88 86 90 7.1 7.0 7.1

10.0 14.2 6.0 88 7.111.0 14.1 5.8 89 7.112.0 14.1 5.6 89 7.113.0 14.1 5.0 93 7.014.0 14.1 4.1 93 7.1

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Appendix 2. Means, ranges, and spatial trends of selected limnological variables from the

surface waters of Harris Reservoir during 2001.+

Station

Variable E2 H2 P2 S2

Solids ( transpar)Total 82 76 75 82

(52-94) (37-94) (38-91) 42-98)

C Iorph. a1411 (iglte)E1 .

Total suspended 3.9 2.6 2.1 3,.1

(3.0-5.0) (< 5-5) (< 5-2.3) (< 5-4.2)Turbidity (NTU) 4.3 4.2 4.5 6.0

(2.8 -6.6) (2.3-6.1) (3.2-5.8) (4.9-7.2)

Secchi disk trasparency (m) 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5(1.3-1.4) (1,2-1.8) (1.2-1.7) (0.9-2.0)

Chlorophyll a (ig/lijter) 15 17 12 8.9(9.0-22) (9.0-31) (7.5-22) (4.8-13)

Nutrients (mg/liter)

Ammonia-N 0.08 <0.10 0.11 0.11(< 0.05-0.13) (<0.02-0.16) (< 0.02-0.19) (< 0.02-0.24)

Nitrate + Nitrite-N 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.02(< 0.02-0.13) (< 0.02-0.04) (< 0.02-0. 10) (< 0.02-0.03)

Total nitrogen 0.67 0.65 0.61 0.61(0.52-0.87) (0.54- 0.79) (0.48-0.75) (0.47-0.72)

Total phosphorus 0.042 0.026 0.025 0.031(0.026-0.074) (0.021-0.030) (0.020-0.030) (0.017-0.039)

Total organic carbon (mg/liter) 8.5 8.4 8.2 8.6(7.5-9.3) (7.4-8.8) (7.4-8.7) (7.2-9.6)

Ions (rag/liter)

Calcium 3.8 3.7 3.6 4.1(3.5-4.1) (3.3-3.9) (2.9-4.4) (3.4-5.2)

Chloride 10 10 11 12(12-14) (9.0-11) (10-12) (9.2-14)

Magnesium 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7(1.0-2.0) (1.1-1.8) (<1.0-1.8) (1.0-2.1)

Sodium 12 11 11 12(11-14) (8.9-12) (10-12) (11-14)

Sulfate 16 15 15 15(14-17) (10-12) (14-18) (14-17)

12 14 14 16Total alkalinity (mg/liter as CaCO3) (7.0-15) (13-15) (12-15) (12-23)

Hardness (calculated as mg 16 15 13 17equivalents CaCO3/liter) (13-18) (14-17) (3.1-18) (14-22)

Conductivity (pLS/cm) 103 102 102 106(81-123) (73-123) (73-123) (89-123)

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Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportHarris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report


N.C. water Stationquality

Variable standard E2 M2 P2 S2Metals (4•gIliter)

Aluninum None < 50 < 50 < 50 50NA NA NA (< 50-92)

Cadmium 2 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5NA NA NA NA

Copper 71 2.1 1.3 1.5 1.4(1.2-3.0) (< 1.0-3.0) (< 1.0-2.0) (< 1.0-2.0)

Mercury 0.012 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2NA NA NA NA

+Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for thetreatment was significant. Means followed by the same superscript were not significantlydifferent (P > 0.05)-see shaded row. Sample size equaled 4 for all variables unlessotherwise noted. The mean separation technique may yield separations that are obscuredby data rounding.

1TThis value is an action level, not a water quality standard. An action level is for toxicsubstances, which are generally not bioaccumulative and have variable toxicity to aquaticlife because of chemical form, solubility, stream characteristics, or associated wastecharacteristics (NCDEM 1994).

NA = All measured values were less than the laboratory lower reporting limit.

r i t S vi e ei

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Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportHarris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report

Appendix 3. Annual mean water chemistry variables from the surface waters of Harris

Reservoir 1997-2001."'

YearVariable 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Solids (mg/liter)Total

Total dissolved

Total suspended1

Turbidity (NTU)Secchi disk transparency (m)

Chlorophyll a (pg/liter)

Nutrients (mg/liter)

Ammonia-NNitrate + nitrite-N

Total nitrogen

Total phosphorusTotal organic carbon (mg/liter)

Ions (mg/liter)

Calcium

Chloride

Magnesium

Sodium

SulfateTotal alkalinity (mg/liter as CaCO3)

Hardness (mg equivalents CaCO3/liter)

Conductivity (pS/cm)Metals (pg/liter)

Aluminum

Cadmium

Copper

Mercury

<6 4 <5 <5 <5

5.7 5.8 8.9 6.2 4.8

1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4

< 0.07 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 0.10

0.74 0.56 0.62 0.58 0.63

0.034 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031

3.7 5.3 3.9 3.6 3.8

•0 II.. .I "I . .U 1 I!i l l l'! Il ilI

1.7 16 1 7 1Q

16 20 17 16 16

<.5 2

< 0.5 < <0.5 < 0.5 <05. <0.5

<0.2 <0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2

+Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for thetreatment was significant. Means followed by the same superscript were not significantlydifferent (P > 0.05)-see shaded rows. Data were rounded to conform to significant digitrequirements. The mean separation technique may yield separations that are obscured bydata rounding.

I1n June 1998, the lower reporting limits (LRLs) changed for total suspended solids from 6 to3 mg/L and in 1999, the LRLs changed for total suspended solids from 3 to 5 mg/l.

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-i Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitorina ReDort

Appendix 4. Concentrations of chemical variables in Harris Reservoir during 2001.+

Station E2 (surface)

Month Alkalinity Hardness Cf" SO04. Ca2 + Mg2 + Na+ TN NH3 -N NO;-+ NO-N

JanMayJulNov

Month

7121415

18131816

13129.9

12

17171415

4.1 2.0 103.6 1.0 104.1 1.8 113.5 1.8 12

0.87 < 0.050.71 0.100.56 0.130.52 0.05

0.13< 0.02< 0.02< 0.02

TP TOC Turbidity TS TDS TSS Al Cd Cu Hg TN:TP

JanMayJulNov

0.074 9.1 6.6 92 760.032 7.9 2,8 89 830.036 9.3 3.4 94 740.026 7.5 4.3 52 69

5.2 <50 <0.5 2.0 <0.20 122.6 <50 <0.5 3.0 <0.20 224.2 <50 <0.5 2.0 <0.20 163.5 <50 <0.5 1.2 <0.20 20

Station H2

Month Alkalinity Hardness Cf" SO4 Ca+ Mg2 + Na+ TN NH 3-N NO;+ NOj'-N

JanMayJulNov

Month

JanMayJulNov

15131314

17 9.014 1116 1015 11

14171416

3.9 1.8 123.8 1.1 123.6 1.7 103.3 1.7 10

0.79 0.100.66 0.160.61 <0.120.54 < 0.02

0.04< 0.02< 0.02< 0.02

TP TOC Turbidity TS TDS TSS A] Cd Cu Hg TN:TP

0.030 8.8 6.1 83 65 < 5.0 <50 < 0.5 1.2 < 0.20 260.024 8.8 2.3 89 80 2.6 < 50 < 0.5 2.0 < 0.20 280.028 8.5 3.4 94 74 3.6 <50 < 0.5 1.0 < 0.20 220.021 7.4 5.1 37 48 1.8 <50 < 0.5 1.0 < 0.20 26

Station P2

Month Alkalinity Hardness cr SOEA Ca' Mg2e Na+ TN NI3-N NO.-+ NO,--N

JanMayJulNov

Month

JanMayJulNov

14121315

17 123.1 11

18 1015 11

14181514

3.8 1.8 122.9 <3.0 114.4 1.8 123.3 1.7 10

0.75 0.100.68 0.190.51 <0,120.48 < 0.02

0.10< 0.02< 0.02< 0.02

TP TOC Turbidity TS TDS TSS Al Cd Cu Hg TN:TP

0.030 8.5 5.8 84 68 <5.0 <50 <0.5 1.3 <0.20 250.026 8.2 3.5 87 82 2.8 <50 <0.5 2.0 <0.20 260.023 8.7 3,2 91 79 1.2 <50 <0.5 2.0 <0.20 220.020 7.4 5.5 38 47 2.0 <50 <0.5 <1.0 <0.20 24

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Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring ReportHarris Nuclear Plant 2001 EnvIronmental Monitoring Report


Station S2

SO- Ca"÷ Mg9' Nao TN NH 3-N N03-+ N0 2 -NMonth Alkalinity Hardness cr

JanMayJulNov

Month

23141214

22141716

14129.2

12

14171415

5.2 2.13.8 1.03.9 1.73.4 1.8

14131111

0.69 0.070.72 0.240.54 0.120.47 < 0.02

0.03< 0.02<0.02<0.02

TP TOC Turbidity TS TDS TSS A] Cd Cu Hg TN:TP

JanMayJulNov

0.0360.0390.0300.017

8.59.29.67.2

5.4 92 84 < 5.0 < 50 <0.5 <1.0 < 0.20 196.5 98 89 4.2 92 < 0.5 2.0 < 0.20 184.9 95 80 3.6 57 < 0.5 2.0 < 0.20 187.2 42 76 2.2 < 50 < 0.5 1.1 < 0.20 28

+Units are in mg/L except for trace elements (,ug/L), turbidity (NTU), total alkalinity (mg/L asCaCO3), and hardness (calculated as mg equivalents CaCO3/L).

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