shifting ground overview
TRANSCRIPT
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SEAPORTBARRIE
R
ANDRESILIENT
URBANDISTRICT
RE-NEW
CHARLES
RIVERDAM
RUTH
ERFORD
AVED
ETENTION
ANDTODZONE
RUMNEYMARSH
RETENTIONAND
ACCRETIONAREA
I-93DIKEAND
TODATJFK/UMASS
FRANKLIN
PARK
ARN
OLD
ARBORETUM
JAMAICA
POND
THE
FENS
BACK
BAY
LOGAN
AIRPORT
DEER
ISLAND
LONG
ISLAND
MO
ON
ISL
AND
SQUANTUM
QUINCY
NEPONSET
RIVER
CHARLES
RIVERBASIN
MYSTIC
RIVER
FRESH
POND
AMELIAEARHART
MYSTICDAM
EVERETT
CHELSEA E
AST
BOSTON
SOUTH
END
SOUTH
BOSTON
BIGDIG
FINANCIAL
D
ISTRICT
SOUTHBOSTON
WATERFRONT
WINTHROP
REVERE
PINE
RIVERS
AUGUS
RIVER
MIDDLESEX
FELLSRESERVATION
WA
TERTOWN
DA
M
EMERALDNECKLACE(CITYO
FBOSTON)
RESERVATIONS(
MASSDCR)
HARBORBATHYMETRY
LANDTO
POGRAPHY
STRATEGICFRAMEWORKIN
TERVENTIONS
AREAOFRISKAT5.5MABOVEMEANSEALEVEL
EXISTINGPROTECTIONAT3.5MABOVEMSL
PROPOSEDHYDROLO
GICDISTRICTS
10km
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BOSTON, WITH UP TO 2m OF SEA LEVEL RISE DURING A 100-YEAR STORM
During the Blizzard o 1978, the not-yet-completed New Charles River Dam came within 40cm o being overtopped. This is likely to occur by the end o the century with current sea
level rise projections, and due to the topography o Boston and its built orm, extending and increasing the level o protection would require the construction o a harbor barrier.
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POLITICAL JURISDICTIONS VS. HYDROLOGIC DISTRICTS
STORM SURGE CONTROLS AND LEVELS OF PROTECTION
NEW/IMPROVED SEAWALLS AND CONSTRUCTED BARR IERS
RESILIENT ECOLOGICAL RETENTION/DETENTION
AUGMENTED PARK NETWORK
IMPROVED PHYSICAL CONNECTIONS
PROPOSED NEW WALLS
SHIFTING GROUND A REGIONAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
While many o metro Bostons town boundaries ollow topographic and hydrologic eatures, the storm surge threat rom climate change induced sea level rise requires the
establishment o 10 ood control districts. Strategies developed in Shiting Ground (dark orange) can deployed to other, uture sites (light orange).
EAST
BOSTON WINTHROP
REVERE
RUMNEY
HARBOR
BARRIER
SOUTH
END
SOUTH
BOSTON
PARKWAYS
PROPOSED PARKWAYS
PROPOSED BIKEWAYS
BIKE CONNECTIONS
POTENTIAL PARKWAYS
HIGHWAYS
PROPOSED RETENTION AREAS
POTENTIAL RETENTION AREAS
POTENTIAL URBAN DETENTION
PROPOSED CLIMATE PARKS
EMERALD NECKLACE (CITY)
RESERVATIONS (STATE)
RECOMMENDEDIMPROVEMENTS
QUINCY
WATERTOWN
DAM (1900)
CHARLES RIVER
DAM (1910)
NEW CHARLES
RIVER DAM (1978)
AMELIA EARHART
DAM (1965)
INNER
HARBOR
OUTER HARBOR
(PROPOSED 1988)
CHARLES
MYSTIC
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10km
THE CHARLES RIVER AND ITS BASIN AN ENGINEERED HYDROLOGY
Bostons historic marshes and mudats have largely been lled with impervious suraces and all o this land will be vulnerable to storm surge ooding in the next century. Inspired by
the US Army Corps innovative 1970s Natural Valley Storage Areas along the upland Charles, Shiting Ground envision strategies that similarly attenuate the eects o sea level rise.
CHARLES RIVER
CONTROL STRUCTURES
OPEN WATER
WETLANDS
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EXISTING HEIGHT, OWNERSHIP, AND CONDITIONS OF COASTAL PROTECTION
Although much o Bostons coastline has been hardened against storm action, there are vastly diferent levels o protection even in short stretches o urbanized coastline. Within Boston alone,
rom the Inner Harbor mouth back to the river dams, there are over 400 diferent land owners, with only 53% o the total rontage owned by public agencies.
3.5M / LEVEL OFEXISTING PROTECTION
PUBLICLY OWNED PARCELS (From top) New Charles River Dam, Pleasure Bay Seawall, and Deer Island
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POTENTIAL INUNDATION AREAS AND IMPACTS TO LAND USE IN 0.5m INCREMENTS
Shiting Ground evaluates the pressure on the system and the work perormed by existing control structures. It is important to note that in using a 5m horizontal resolution
Digital Elevation Model, the simulation somewhat overrepresents ooded area and thereore serves as a planning tool.
1.5m
3.0m
4.5m
2.0m
3.5m
5.0m
2.5m
4.0m
5.5m
100,000 sqt Residential
100,000 sqt Commercial
100,000 sqt Industrial
Source: FEMA HAZUS and 2000 US Census
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SEA LEVEL RISE RISK AND STRATEGY IMPACT ANALYSIS
These hydrologic areas have multiple municipalities and dierent levels o impact. The radar charts indicate risks at 3.5m in light grey and 5.5m in dark grey, but absolute numbers
should be qualied by the vulnerability o population, criticality o inrastructure, and regional economic impact.
CHARLESBoston, Cambridge, and Somerville
EAST BOSTONBoston and (Massport)
WINTHROPWinthrop, Boston, and (MWRA)
P opu lat io n ( in t ho us and s) R es ide nt ia l Area ( in mil lio n s qua re ee t) Comme rc ia l Area ( in mi ll io n squ are eet ) To tal Lan d Area ( in te ns o hec tares )LEGEND Each radar chart band represents 40 units, with the outmost band being 200 units.
MYSTICSomerville, Everett, Medord, Malden,
Cambridge, Arlington, and Winchester
SOUTH BOSTONBoston and Brookline
QUINCY
INNER HARBOR (ALONE)Boston, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville,
and (Massport)
REVERE
RUMNEY MARSH/PINE RIVERRevere, Malden, Everett, and Saugus
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SEAPORT BARRIER DURING NOREASTER, 2050-2100
A storm surge barrier, similar to the one that protects Europoort in Rotterdam, is proposed between South and East Boston, extending and increasing the current area and level o
protection. On its southern end, storm surge resilient urbanism creates a new district o Boston and connects the megastructure back to Fort Independence and the Emerald Necklace.
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LAND/WATER INTERFACE
CIVIC HARDSCAPE SURFACES
STREET GRID AND BLOCK PATTERN
TREE AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE
BUILDING FIGURE GROUND
PUBLIC/PRIVATE SOFTSCAPE SURFACES
RESILIENT URBANISMS COASTAL EDGE, URBAN FABRIC, AND RESILIENCY
The urban abric and massing invite exploration rom the sea and draw urban activity to the waters edge. To maximize resiliency o this primarily residential area and minimize cut
and ll, the urban area gradually slopes up to the north, with Back Bay s depressed alley morphology adapted to 21st Century storm water mitigation and surge attenuation.
PROPOSED FILL
TO EXISTING
HISTORIC FILL FOR
CONTAINER PORT
FLOODS AT
5.5M ABOVE MSL
ACCESS TO EXISTING
2.5M ABOVE MSL
SEA WALL
STORM SURGE DIKE
PARK AND MARKET
FLOODS AT
4.5M ABOVE MSL
FLOODS AT
3.5M ABOVE MSL
IMPROVED 4.5M
ABOVE MSL WALL
RETAINED CRANES
LIGHT UP CIVIC
SPACE IN EVENING
RESERVE CHANNEL
OPENED TO RECREATION
WHEN CRUISEPORT NOT USEDCRUISEPORT RETAINED
AND EXPANDED
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NEW CHARLES RIVER DAM STORM FUNCTION
Hurricane Diane (1955) raised the basins elevation 1.2m above normal and caused extensive damage to Back Bay, necessitating the 1978 dams construction. The present dam serves
our important unctions - basin elevation control through pumps and sluices (at top), storm surge protection (above), lock navigation, and anadromous sh passage (at right).
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RE-NEW CHARLES RIVER DAM GROUND
A reconceived Paul Revere Park adds ecological perormance by introducing a tidal mudat and marsh that extends the resh/salt water interace, acting as an improved sh ladder.
By visualizing the inundation sequence, new opportunities or circulation and program are interspersed, with a waterront terraced berm oers views o Boston and dam operations.
MUDFLAT
PEDESTRIAN
BRIDGES
FLOOD
WALL
RETAINED
EXISTING
PLAYGROUND
MARSH
BOSTON VIEWS
UNDERGROUND
CONNECTION
FISH
PASSAGE
BASIN (CONTROLLED)
LOCK (VARIABLE)
PUMP STATION
LOW/HIGH TIDE
HISTORIC STORM
LAWN
RINK
CAFE
CHARLESTOWN
BRIDGE
-1.5M | MLLW OM | MSL
1.5M | MHHW
>2.5M | STORM
0.5M | BASIN
ZAKIM BRIDGE
I-93 TO BIG DIG
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SULLIVAN SQUARE AND RUTHERFORD AVENUE DETENTION ZONE AND TOD IMPROVEMENTS
This ailed 1970s highway project oers the opportunity not only to block runaround storm surge to the Charles Basin, but also to repurpose the trench as a 3.8 acre detention basin.
Compatible with preliminary surace trafc plans by Boston and the Cecil Group, this would restore open space and pioneer strategies that could be replicated in the South End.
EXISTING PLAN EXISTING SECTIONSPLAN OF SULLIVAN SQUARE
IMPROVEMENTS
SECTIONS OF RUTHERFORD AVENUE
IMPROVEMENTS
SULLIVAN
SQUARE
T STATION
TO EVERETT
TO BOSTON
HISTORIC
CHARLESTOWN
BREEDS
HILL
INDUSTRIAL
PARK
BUNKER HILL
COMMUNITY
COLLEGE
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RUMNEY MARSH WETLAND ACCRETION AREA
Attached to another 1970s highway project, the Rumney Marsh visitors center leverages the constructed berm o Route 1 and its ailed bypass to raise ecologically the present storm
surge barrier. Nestled into a hillside along a berm-top nature trail, regional bicycle/pedestrian access could be provided by a disused rail line between Malden and Lynn.
WETLAND ACCRETION
RESEARCH AREA
MHHW
3.5m
5.5m
MSL
MLLW
VISITORS
CENTER
SUCCESSIONAL
NATURE AREA
SEAWALL/
BIKE PATH
MALDEN TO LYNN
RAIL-TO-TRAIL PATH
EXISTING
TIDE GATE
MUDFLATS
3.5M CONTOUR
5.5M CONTOUR
US ROUTE 1
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SHIFTING GROUND AT MULTIPLE SCALES
Large-scale landscape inrastructure has a storied history in Boston, as does regional governance. The cleanup o Boston Harbor required the cooperation o ederal, state, city, and
non-prot agencies, and could serve as a precedent or how larger networks and systems might inorm Shiting Grounds eventual implementation.
METROPOLITAN REGION
RESERVATION PARK NETWORK
CITY OF BOSTON
CHARLES RIVER WATERSHED
THE HUB
EMERALD NECKLACE
ESPLANADE AND COMMON
BACK BAY
PLEASURE BAY
RESILIENT DISTRICT