should the us government punish southern states? why? if so, how harshly should they be punished?
TRANSCRIPT
Should the US government punish Southern states? Why?
If so, how harshly should they be punished?
Warm Up
Three main problems
Reintegrating the South
Define the role and acceptable power of former Confederates
Determine the role of the freedmen
Determine which branch of government would be responsible for overseeing reconstruction
Lincoln’s Plan Johnson’s PlanCongress’ Plan
Congressional Reconstruction OR Radical Reconstruction
Reconstruction Plans
}PresidentialPlans
AKA the 10% PLANAnnounced in Dec. 1863Required 10% of white men to swear
allegiance (loyalty) to the constitution and the Union
States could form a new state gov’t
Lincoln's Plan
Plan included emancipation of slavesFormer Confederates CAN run local gov’ts10% plan allowed full participation in Union
Lincoln's Plan
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”
13th Amendment
Did not punish the South!!Republicans thought Lincoln was too soft
No role for freedmen identifiedNo guarantee of rights or future rights
Problems with Lincoln's Plan
Too Easy? Just Right?
YOU DECIDE!
Southern DemocratKnown as a “War Democrat”
Former slave ownerHad only been VP for ~1
month
Johnson's Plan
Granted AMNESTY (forgiveness) to former Confederates who signed a loyalty oathExcept to wealthy plantation owners
Restored all property, except slaves and confiscated lands
Johnson's Plan
Voided secession laws and ratified the 13th Amendment
Cancelled war debtsVetoed est. of Freedman’s Bureau
1865Provide food, clothing, hospitals, legal
protection, & education for former slaves
Johnson's Plan
More lenient than Lincoln!Amnesty only awarded to some southernersDid not move to help African-Americans
Johnson’s plan was strongly opposed by Congress
Problems with Johnson's Plan
Led by Radical RepublicansAKA Radical Reconstruction
1866: passed the Civil Rights ActVetoed by Pres. Johnson
Bypasses Pres. Johnson and issues Reconstruction Act of 1867State gov’ts declared illegal
Congressional Reconstruction
Congressional ReconstructionStates must adopt a constitution
guaranteeing all male citizens the right to vote
Elect a new governmentRatify the 14th amendment (no white
southerner who served as Conf. soldier/official could vote on new constitutional amendment)
Ratify the 15th amendment
“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.”
14th Amendment