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Should we control a chemical that:
Causes excessive sweating and vomiting.
Is a major component in acid rain.
Can cause severe burns in its gaseous state.
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Accidental inhalation can kill you.
Contributes to erosion. Decreases the effectiveness
of car brakes. Has been found in tumors of
terminal cancer patients.
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What is the chemical?
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Chapter 3Water and the Fitness of
the Environment
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Question?
What molecule Is the most common In living Cells
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Properties Of Water
Be ready and able to discuss several of the following properties.
Focus on definitions and examples.
Review water structure and H-bonds from Chapter 2.
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Liquid Water Is Cohesive
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Liquid Water is Adhesive
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Water transport in trees uses Cohesion and Adhesion
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Water Has A High Surface Tension
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Water Has A High Specific Heat
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Celsius Scale
Will be used for most of our temperature measurements.
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Water Stabilizes Temperature
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Water Has A High Heat Of Vaporization
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Evaporative Cooling
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Water Expands When It Freezes
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Solids and Liquids
Water Benzene
Floats Sinks
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Solid Liquid Gas
States of Matter
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Result Aquatic life can live under ice.
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Water Is A Versatile Solvent
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Hydrophilic Materials
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Without Water Life Would Not Be
Possible!!
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Solution Concentration
Usually based on Molarity.
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One Mole of each
Sulfur
Sugar
Copper Sulfate
Mercury Oxide
Copper
Sodium Chloride
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Comment
AP Biology students should be able to calculate solutions in Molarity.
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Dissociation of Water Water can sometimes split into
two ions.
In pure water the concentration
of each ion is 10-7 M
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Adding certain solutes disrupts the balance between the two ions.
The two ions are very reactive and can drastically affect a cell.
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Example:
For a neutral solution:
[H+] is 10-7
or - log 10-7
or - (-7)
or 7
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Comment
[H+] + [OH-] = 14 Therefore, if you know the
concentration of one ion, you can easily calculate the other.
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Summary
Be able to discuss the properties of water.
Be able to measure solution concentrations in Molarity.
Be able to work pH scale questions.