showing is not explaining
DESCRIPTION
Pat Hanrahan's Tapestry Conference 2013 short story slide presentationTRANSCRIPT
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Showing is not Explaining
Pat Hanrahan
Stanford and Tableau
Tapestry
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Euclid’s Algorithm**First known algorithm
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Greatest Common Divisor
2, 3, 4, 6 divide 12
2, 3, 6, 7 divide 42
6 is the GCD
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Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
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Demonstration
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Problems with Animation [Tversky et al.]
Motion is fleeting and transient
Cannot simultaneously attend to multiple
motions
People try to parse motion into events,
actions and behaviors
We strive to infer causality and intention
Anthropomorphizing: physical motion may
cause confusion or lead to incorrect
conclusions
Difficult to estimate paths and trajectories
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Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
a=15, b=6
a=15
b=6
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Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
a=9, b=6
a=15
b=6
![Page 9: Showing is not explaining](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061110/5453c434af795904308b54bb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
a=9, b=6
a=3, b=6
a=15
b=6
![Page 10: Showing is not explaining](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061110/5453c434af795904308b54bb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
a=9, b=6
a=3, b=6
a=3, b=3
a=15
b=6
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Euclid’s Algorithm
def gcd(a,b):
while b != 0:
if a > b:
a = a-b
else:
b = b-a
return a
a=9, b=6
a=3, b=6
a=3, b=3
a=3, b=0
a=15
b=6
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?
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
Consider b
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
Consider b
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
Consider b
r divides a a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
Consider b
r divides a
Therefore, r divides a & b
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1
Consider the answer r
r divides b
Consider b
b divides a
Therefore, r divides a & b
Hence, r <= GCD
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
Suppose d divides a
a
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
Suppose d divides a
Suppose d divides b
b
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
suppose d divides a & b
a
b
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
suppose d divides a & b
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
suppose d divides a & b
then d must divide r
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
suppose d divides a & b
then d must divide r
Any divisor d of a & b
must divide r a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 2
suppose d divides a & b
then d must divide r
Any divisor d of a & b
must divide r
Therefore, GCD <= r
a
b
r
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Why Greatest Common Divisor?
Fact 1: r <= GCD
Fact 2: GCD <= r
Therefore r = GCD
Cool math reasoning! a
b
r
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Recording and Showing
Getting Easier with
Computers
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“Showing is not Explaining”
Thanks to Barbara Tversky
for explaining this maxim to me
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Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina
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By Emmett Mayer III
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Principles
1. Perceiving is hard, graphics design to the rescue
2. Need to add the invisible forces of cause and effect, intention and consequences
3. People produce better visuals if they are told to explain
Software needs to support these principles