shrp2 project c05: final report to tcc understanding the contribution of operations, technology, and...
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SHRP2 Project C05:Final Report to TCCUnderstanding the Contribution of Operations, Technology, and Design to Meeting Highway Capacity Needs
Wayne Kittelson & Brandon Nevers
TCC Meeting at The Beckman CenterApril 26, 2010
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Presentation OverviewPresentation Overview
Project Scope, Objectives, and Timeline
Key Findings
Key Products
Response to TCC Feedback of Spring 2009
Schedule for Completion
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Project Scope and ObjectivesProject Scope and Objectives
Quantify capacity benefits of improvements at the network level
Provide information and tools to analyze operational improvements as an alternative to traditional construction
Develop guidelines for “sustainable service rates” to be used in planning networks
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Project TimelineProject Timeline
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Freeway Arterial Both
HOV Lanes Signal Retiming Narrow Lanes
Ramp Metering Signal Coordination Reversible Lanes
Ramp Closures Adaptive Signals Variable Lanes
Congestion Pricing Queue Management Truck Only Lanes
Pricing by Distance Raised Medians Truck Restrictions
HOT Lanes Access Points Pre-Trip Information
Weaving Section Right/Left Turn Channelization
In-Vehicle Info
Frontage Road Alt LT Treatments VMS/DMS
Interchange Modifications
Non-Lane Widening Strategies to Improve CapacityNon-Lane Widening Strategies to Improve Capacity
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Insights on Strategy EffectivenessInsights on Strategy Effectiveness
Effectiveness needs to be tested in network context– Requires the use of a travel demand/DTA model– Cannot be done with static look-up tables
Impacts most pronounced at the link and corridor levels, and often difficult to see at the network level– Demand-side issues are best viewed from an O-D
perspective– Supply-side issues are best viewed at the link and
corridor level
Pre-trip information can reduce buffer time– En-route information may create instabilities
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Key ProductsKey Products
Traffic Model Enhancements
Diagnostic Tools
Strategy Evaluation Results
Spreadsheet-Based Model
Final Report
Guidebook
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Traffic Model Enhancements: Stochastic Capacity for Freeway BottlenecksTraffic Model Enhancements: Stochastic Capacity for Freeway Bottlenecks
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Traffic Model Enhancements:Stochastic Capacity for ArterialsTraffic Model Enhancements:Stochastic Capacity for Arterials
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Traffic Model Enhancements:Day-to-Day Traveler LearningTraffic Model Enhancements:Day-to-Day Traveler Learning
Traveler’s route choice is based on experiences remembered from the past two weeks
Limits applied to number of travelers who will adjust their trip each day
Expected to be important in the evaluation of non-recurring congestion
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Traffic Model Enhancements:Improved Bottleneck RepresentationTraffic Model Enhancements:Improved Bottleneck Representation
MergesShort Turn Pockets
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Diagnostic Tools:Active Bottleneck IdentificationDiagnostic Tools:Active Bottleneck Identification
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Diagnostic Tools:Movement-Specific Intersection Delay DisplayDiagnostic Tools:Movement-Specific Intersection Delay Display
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Diagnostic Tools:Stochastic Link Performance and Breakdown ProbabilityDiagnostic Tools:Stochastic Link Performance and Breakdown Probability
Visual representation currently being developed
Breakdown probabilities estimated from recorded simulated experience
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Overview of Strategy Testing PlanOverview of Strategy Testing Plan
Testing plan developed for 25 strategies– Location within the DFW network– Geometric, volume, and operational inputs– Selection of performance evaluation MOE’s
Test Protocol– I: Baseline stabilization– II: Strategy stabilization– III: 20-day results comparison period
I II III
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Strategy Evaluation Results:Equivalent Capacity Gain ConceptStrategy Evaluation Results:Equivalent Capacity Gain Concept
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Baseline #of Lanes
1.9 miles
0.9 miles
5.7 miles
4
4
5
Lane-Mile Addition+7.6 (+22%)
8.5 miles 5
1.9 miles
0.9 miles
5.7 miles
+8.5 (+24%)
5
6
5
+16.0 (+46%)
8.5 miles 6
A B C
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Capacity Addition Scenarios(Southbound Freeway Corridor)Capacity Addition Scenarios(Southbound Freeway Corridor)
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20-Day Average Results20-Day Average Results
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* Effects in peak direction with lane addition for one hour
*
95th percentile TT
5th percentile TT
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20-Day Average Results20-Day Average Results
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20-Day Average Results20-Day Average Results
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Primary OD: 1→2 (Southbound)
Freeway#Zone Number
1
2
Spreadsheet Application:Network Simplification is RequiredSpreadsheet Application:Network Simplification is Required
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Spreadsheet Application:Uses Simplified Travel Time ProfilesSpreadsheet Application:Uses Simplified Travel Time Profiles
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D: Good day on freewayE: Bad day on freewayA: Arterial street (we do not have randomized capacity on arterial street yet)
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Spreadsheet Application:Results Are First ApproximationSpreadsheet Application:Results Are First Approximation
100 random scenarios (i.e. days) using calibrated stochastic capacity model from C05Deterministic demandTwo corridors
– Route A: 2 lanes, free-flow travel time: 20 min– Route B: 3 lanes, free-flow travel time: 40 min
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05
101520253035404550
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Demand Level (vhc/hour)
Ave
rag
e T
rave
l T
ime
(min
) Expected Value
Perfect Information
System Optimum
Add 1 lane
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Response to TCC Feedback (Spring 2009)Response to TCC Feedback (Spring 2009)
Validation on a bona fide network will increase comfort and add credibility
Ability to model nonrecurrent congestion will make the tool substantially more useful to users and decision-makers
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Portland Network:C05 Subarea BoundaryPortland Network:C05 Subarea Boundary
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Portland Network StatisticsPortland Network Statistics
Entire Network Subarea Network
Traffic Analysis Zones 2,013 208
Nodes 9,905 857
Links 22,748 1,999
Vehicles 1.2 M 212 K
Average Travel Time 22 min 14 min
Demand Horizon: 4 hours (15:00-19:00)
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Application NotesApplication Notes
DTA modeling enhancements have been coded into two separate DTA models
– Dynasmart-P v. 1.2(E)– DTA Lite
Method:– Calibrate the entire network using DTA Lite– Apply DSP to the smaller subarea
Current status:– DTA Lite network calibration is complete– DSP has recreated subarea base condition results– Diagnosis and evaluation of treatment options underway
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Portland Subarea: Identified Active BottlenecksPortland Subarea: Identified Active Bottlenecks
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Adding Non-Recurrent Congestion CapabilityAdding Non-Recurrent Congestion Capability
Develop strategy to represent effects of nonrecurring congestion
Produce necessary software code
Apply enhanced model to Portland network
Summarize/document findings
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1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction
3. Improved Methods for Modeling Network Performance
– Measurement and Modeling of Network Performance
– Uninterrupted Flow Facilities
– Interrupted Flow Facilities
4. Strategies for Enhancing Sustainable Service Rate on Freeways and Arterials
5. Prototype Application of Methods, Metrics, and Strategies
Final Report OutlineFinal Report Outline
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Schedule for CompletionSchedule for Completion
Portland Network May 15
Draft Final Report June 30
Draft Guidebook June 30
Project Completion September 30