shumbam e commerce project

Submitted by-

Shubham Garg BCA-3rd year Dezyne Ersquocole College Ajmer

WWWdezyneersquocolecom

Information Technology

Acknowledgment

I Am Thankful To Dezyne ErsquoCole College To Help In Making This Project On E-Commerce A

Special Thanks To Ms Jyoti Phulwani to Guide Us Step By Step in the Making of This Project

Report

Thanking You

Shubham Garg

Bachelor of computer Application

2014

Content

1 Chapter 1

Introduction

2 Chapter 2

Electronic Commerce and the World Wide Web

3 Chapter 3

Architectural Framework for Electric Commerce

4 Chapter 4

Technology behind the Web

5 Chapter 5

Network Security and Firewalls

6 Chapter 6

Electronic Commerce Companies

7 Chapter 7

Pictorial Representation- E-Buying Methodology

8 Chapter 8

Conclusion

Chapter 1

Introduction

Every individual a company that wants to make money and become the next Microsoft needs

to understand the market potential business implications and technological foundation of

electronic commerce But what is electronic commerce everybody is talking about How does

it affect the organizations way of doing business What sort of technical and business are

needed to be successful

Companies amp consumers are discovering that global networking and other technological

innovations are powerful assists if used as competitive weapons in day-to day activity E-

commerce is associated with the buying and selling of informationrsquos product and service via

computer network today

Consumers desire are very hard to predict pin point or decipher of electronic markets whose

shapes structure and population are still in really stages Needs envisioned include

entertainment on demand including five hundred channel TV video on demand games on

demand electronic retailing via catalos and kiosk and homes shopping networks

In future viewer will decide what they want to see and when they want to participate a

successful market places are expected to those that cater to consumerrsquos lowliness boredom

education and career In a highly competitive society neighbor seldom talk to one another

these outlets give consumers someone to toughs after going home

Letrsquos take a look at the changing condition in the ldquonew economicrdquo with respect to the retail

industry Consumer are pushing retails to the wall demanding lower prices better quality a

large section of season of goods Retailers are scrambling to fill the order They are slashing

back office cost reducing profit margin reducing cycle time buying more wisely and making

huge investment in technology They are revamping distributed channel to make sure that

warehouses costs are down by reducing their average invert level and coordinating the

consumer demand and supply pattern

In the push to reduce pricing more and more retails are turning to overseas supplier in part

of cheaper labour costs Retail are immediate line of fire and had to do the cost cutting They

put the pressure on the manufacture and then to the supplier end of pipe line E-commerce

is forming companies to rethink the existing ways of doing target marketing relations

marketing and even event marketing

Adaption would include moving towards computerized ldquopaperlessrdquo operations to reduce

trading costs and facilities the adaption of new business process Japanese approach JIT (just

and time) total quantity control and quality circle are focus now for delivery of goods through

electronic commerce

Chapter 2


We have broadly defined electronic commerce as a modem business methodology that

address the desire of firms consumers and management to cut costs while improving the

quality of goods amp inversing the speed of services The need for electronic commerce stems

from the demand within business government to make bustles use of computing that is

better apply computer technology to improve business process and information exchange

both within an enterprise and across organizations In short electronic commerce appears

to be an integration force that represents the digital converge of twenty- first century

business application and computing technologies

Electronic commerce application emphasis the generation and exploitation of new business

opportunity and to use the popular buzzwordrdquo generate business valuerdquo For instance when

buyer-seller transaction occur in the electronic market place information is access observe

arrange and sold in different ways in fact the information about a product of service is

separated from the physical product or services and has become important on it ownin some

case the information can become as crucial as his actual product of services In term of its

effects on a companyrsquos in short information ways business transaction are creating new ways

of doing business and even new type of business

Electronic commerce applications are quite varied In its most common from e-commerce is

also used to donate the paperless exchange of business information using EDI electronic mail

(e-mail) electronic bulletin boards electronic funds transfer (EFT) and other similar

technologies These technologies are normally applied in high- payoff areas recognizing

that paper handling activities usually increases expenses without adding value On the

other hand the electronic commerce is used to describe a new online approach to perform

traditional functions such as payments and funds transfer order entry and processing

invoicing inventory management cargo tracking electronic catalogues and point ndashof ndashsale

data gathering More recently companies have realized that the advertising marketing and

customer support functions are also part of electronic commerce application domain The

business function act as initiators to the entire order management cycle that incorporates

the more established notions of electronic commerce as an umbrella concept to integrate

a wide range of new and old applications

Despite the change taking place business have three goal stay competitive improve

productivity and deliver quality service These goals are the guiding buoys for firms plotting

their course in the turbulent water of electronic commerce There are other factor that

companies need to keep in mind First most companies have already made enormous

information technology investments to automate their key internal process such as

purchasing invoicing and other similar functions So some aspects of technological

infrastructure for electronic commerce are already in place The challenge now becomes

How to effectively leverage this investment Second prices for computer hardware and

network equipment continue to fall marking information technology an appealing

investments for many business especially when itrsquos used for high impact applications such

as linking their distributed operations However investment without a clear idea of the

electronic commerce architecture being built would be akin to driving with blinders on As a

result companies that decided that electronic commerce applications represents one of the

best strategic investments they can make must first exert some effort to understand the

technology underlying electronic commerce applications

At first glance it appears that messaging-based technologies such as EDI and mail enabled

applications combined with database and information management services Form the

technical foundation for effective electronic commerce solutions No single one of these

technologies can deliver the full potential of electronic commerce however What we require

is an integrated architecture the likes of which has never been seen before This integrated

architecture is emerging in the form of the World Wide Web (WWW) As electronic

commerce becomes more nature we are beginning to see sophisticated applications being

developed on the www Technology and commercially the www client ndashserver model seems

poised to become a dominant technology

Information Sharing Electronic

Commerce

Marketing Advertising Electronic

Publishing

Sales Customer Support

Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax

Electronic Document Interchange

Corporate

Digital

Library

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)

Collaborative Work

Chapter 3


We propound that the electronic commerce applications architecture consists of six layers of

functionality or services 1 Applications 2 Brokerage services data or transaction

management 3Interface and support layers 4 Secure messaging and electronic document

interface 5 Middleware and structured document interchange and 6 Network

infrastructure and basic communication services

Application services

Customer-to business Business ndashto- business Intra- organizational

Brokerage and data management Order processing-mail-order houses

Interface layer Interactive catalogue Directory support functions Software agent

Secure messaging Secure hypertext transfer protocol Encrypted e-mail EDI Remote programming (RPC)

Middleware services Structured documents(SGML HTML) Compound documents(OLE Open DOC)

Network infrastructure Wireless- cellular radio PCS Wireless ndash POTS coaxial fiber optical

These layer cooperate to provide a seamless transition between todayrsquos computing resources

and those of tomorrow by transparently integrating information access and exchange within

the context of the chosen application As seem in above fig electronic commerce applications

are based on several elegant technologies But only when they are integrated do they provide

uniquely powerful solutions

In the ensuing discussion of each of these layers we will not elaborate on the various aspects

of the network infrastructure that transports information

Electronic Commerce Application Services

The application services layer of e-commerce will be comprised of existing and future

applications built on innate architecture Three distinct classed of electronic commerce

applications can be distinguished customer-to- business business-to-business and intra

organizational

Customer- to- Business Transaction

We call this category marketplace transaction In a marketplace transaction customer learn

about products differently through electronic publishing buy then differently using

electronic cash and secure payment systems and have then delivered differently Also how

customers allocate their loyalty may also be different

In light of this organizations itself has to adapt to a world where the traditional concepts of

brand differentiation no longer hold-where ldquoqualityrdquo has a new meaning where ldquocontentrdquo

may not be equated to ldquoproductrdquo where distribution may not automatically mean ldquophysical

transportrdquo In this new environment brand equity can rapidly evaporate forcing firms to

develop new ways of doing business

Business-to -Business Transactions

We call this category market-link transactions Here business government and other

organizations depend on computer-to-computer communications as a fast an economical

and a dependable way to conduct business transactions Small companies are also beginning

to see the benefits of adopting the same methods Business-to business transactions include

the use of EDI and Electronic mail for purchasing goods and services buying information and

consulting services submitting requests for proposals and receive proposals

Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management

Procurement Distribution and Logistics

Advertising Sales Customer Service

Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers

Intra-organizational Transactions

We call this category market-driven transaction A company becomes market driven by

dispersing throughout the firm information about its customers and competitors by

spreading strategic and tactical decision making so that all units can participates and by

continuously monitoring their customer commitment by making improved customers

satisfaction an ongoing objective To maintain the relationships that are critical to delivering

superior customer value management must pay close attention to service both before and

after sales

For example the current accounts payable process occurs through the exchange of paper

documents Each year the trading parents exchange millions of invoices checks purchase

orders financial reports and other transactions Most of the documents are in electronic form

at their point of origin but are printed and key entered at the point receipt The current

manual process of printing mailing and rekeying is costly time consuming and error-prone

Given this situation and faced with the need to reduce costs small business are booking

towards electronic commerce as a possible savior

Information Brokerage and Management

The information brokerage and management layers provide service integration through the

notion of information brokerages the development of which is necessitated by the increasing

information resource fragmentation We use the notion of information brokerage to

represent an intermediary who provides service integration between customers and

information providers given some constraint such as a low price fast service or profit

maximization for a client

Information brokers for example are rapidly becoming necessary in dealing with the

voluminous amounts of information on the networks As on- line database migration to

consumerrsquos information utilities consumers and information professionals will have to keep

up the knowledge and ownership of all these systems Whorsquos got what How do you use it

What do they charge Most professionals have enough trouble keeping track of files of

interest on one or two database services Will all the complexity associated with large number

of on-line database and service bureaus itrsquos impossible to except humans to do the searching

It will have to be software programs ndash information brokers or software agents to use the

more popular term ndash that act on the searches behalf Information brokerage does more than

just searching

Interface and Support Services

The third layer interface and support services will provide interfaces for electronic

commerce applications such as interface catalogues and will support directory services-

functions necessary for information search and access These two concepts are very different

Interactive catalogues are the customized interface to consumer applications such home

shopping An interactive catalogues is an extension of the paper-based catalogue and

incorporates additional features such as sophisticated graphics and video to make the

advertising more attractive

Directory on the other hand operate behind the sense and attempt to organize the enormous

amount of information and transactions generated to facilitate electronic commerce

Directory services database make data from any server appear as a local file A classic

example of a directory is the telephone white pages which pages which allows us to locate

people and telephone numbers In the case of electronic commerce directories would play

an important role in information management functions For instance take the case of buying

an airline tickets with several stopovers with a caveat that the time between layovers be

minimized This search would require several queries to various on-line directories to find

empty seats on various airlines and then the availability of seats would be coordinates with

the amount of time spent in the airport terminals

Secure Messaging and Structure Document Interchange Services

The importance of the fourth layer secure messaging is clear Every in business knows that

electronic messaging is a business issue Consider a familiar business scenario you hand over

an urgent fax on Monday and find out on Tuesday that itrsquos still sitting on your fax operationrsquos

desk What happened The line was busy and he thought hersquod try again later Or the numbers

was wrong but he forgot to let your know Or you are in London and you need to send a

spreadsheet that details a marketing plan for a product introduction strategy to a co-worker

in New York This must be done today not tomorrow where the courierrsquos service would

deliver There is a solution to these common and frustrating problems Itrsquos called integrated

messaging a group of computer services that through the use of a network send receive and

combine messages foxes and large data files Some better known examples are electronic

mail enhance for and electronic data interchange

Broadly defined messaging is the software that sits between the network infrastructure and

the client or electronic commerce applications masking the peculiarities of the environment

Other define messaging as a framework for the implementation of portable applications

divorcing you from the architectural primitives of your systems In general messaging

products are not applications that solve problems they are more enables of the applications

that solve problems

Messaging services offer solutions for communicating no formatted (unstructured) data

such as purchase orders shipping notices and invoices Unstructured messaging consists of

fax e-mail and form based system like Lotus Notes Structured documents messaging consists

of the automated interchange of standardized and approved messaging include EDI

Messaging is gaining moment in electronic commerce and seems to have many advantages

It supports both synchronous (immediate) and asynchronous (delayed) message delivery and

processing With a synchronous messaging when a message is send work continuous

(software doesnrsquot wait for a response) This allows the transfer of messages through store-

and ndashforward methods

The main disadvantages of messaging are the new types of application it enables- which

appear to be more complex especially to traditional ndash and the jungle of standards it in voles

because of the lack of standards there is often no interoperability between different

messaging vendors leading to islands of messaging Also security privacy and confidentiality

through data encryption authentication techniques are important issues that need to be

resolved for ensuring the legality of the message- based transactions themselves

Middleware services

Middleware is a relatively new concepts that emerged only recently Like so many other

innovation it came into being out of necessity Users in the 1970s when vendors delivered

homogeneous systems that worked didnrsquot have a need for middleware When condition

changed ndashalong with the hardware and the software the organization couldnrsquot cope The tools

were inadequate the backlog was enormous and the pressure was overwhelming And the

users that dissatisfied Something was needed to solve all the interface translation

transformation and interpretation problems that work driving applications developersrsquo crazy

With the growth of networks client-server technology all other forms of communicating

betweenamong unlike platforms the problems of getting all the pieces to work together

grew from formidable to horrendous As the cry for distributed computing spread users

demanded interaction between dissimilar the systems networks that permitted shared

resources and applications that could be accepted multiple software programs In simple

terms middleware is the ultimate mediator between diverse software programs that enable

then talk to one another

Transparency

Transparency implies that users should be unaware that they are accessing multiple systems

Transparency is essential for dealing with higher- level issues than physical media and

interconnection that the underlying networks infrastructure is in charge of The ideal picture

is one of a ldquovirtual ldquo network a collection of work ndashgroup departmental enterprise and

interenterprise LANs that appears to the end users or client applications to be a seamless

and easy accessed whole

Transparency is accomplished using middleware that facilitates a distributed computing

environment this give users and applications transparent access to data computation and

other resources across collection of multivendor heterogeneous systems The strategic

architecture of every measure systems vendor are now ways based on some form of

middleware The key to realizing theoretical benefits of such an architecture is transparency

Users need not spend that time trying to understand where something is Nor should

applications developers have to code into then applications the exact location of resources

over the network The goal is for the applications to send a requests to the middleware layer

which then satisfies the requests any way it can using remote information

Transaction Security and Management

Support for transaction processing (TP) is fundamental to success in success in the electronic

commerce market Security and management are essential to all layers in the electronic

commerce model Transaction integrity must be given for business that cannot afford any

loss or inconsistency in data For electronic commerce middleware provides the qualities

expected in the standard TP system the so-called ACD properties (atomicity consistency

isolation and durability)

World Wide Web (WWW) As the Architecture

Electronic commerce depends on the unspoken assumption that computers cooperate

efficiently for seamless information sharing Unfortunately this assumption of

interoperability has been supported by the realities of practical computing Computing is still

a world made up of many technical directions product implementations and computing

vendors This diversity white good for innovation causes problem as the e-commerce

applications try to impose a certain discipline on the proliferating computers and networks

It is ironic that the real effect of computing is all too often the prevention of data sharing due

to incompatibilities ndash architectures data formats and communication protocols

What does the Web Encompass

The web has become an umbrella for a wide range of concepts and technologies that differ

markedly in purpose and scope These include the global hypertext publishing concept the

universal reader concept and client-server concept

The global hypertext publishing concept promotes the idea of seamless information world in

which all on-line information be accessed and retrieved in a consistent and simple way To

access information in this seamless world we will need the ability to address many types of

data-text files images sound files and animation sequences

The Universal readership concept promotes the idea that unlike the segmented applications

of the past we can use one application- a universal (or common) user interface- to read a

variety Of documents This concepts implies that once information is published it is

accessible from any type of computer in any country and that any (authorized) person

merely needs to use one simple program to access it This is accomplished in the web by using

a core browser or application that augmented by supporting applications The core browser

implements only minimal functionality and attempts to offload more specialized work onto

the supporting applications

The client-server concept allows the web to grow easily without any centralized control

Anyone can publish information and anyone (as long as or she is authorized) can read and

download it Publishing information requires a server program and reading data requires a

client browser All the clients and all the servers are connected to one another by the

Internet The various standard protocols allows all clients to communicate will all servers

In practice the web hangs on a number of essential concepts including the following

The addressing scheme known as uniform resource locator (URL) makes the hypermedia

world possible despite many different protocols

A network protocol known as hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) used by the client

browsers and servers offers performance and features not otherwise available

A mark -up language (HTML) which very web client is required to understand is used for

the representation of hypertext documents containing texts list boxes and graphics

information across the net

Chapter 4


Information provides (or publishers) run programs (called servers) from which the browsers

(clients) can obtain information These programs can either be Web servers that understand

the hypertext transfer protocol(HTTP) gatewayrdquo programs that convert an existing

information format to hypertext or a non-HTTP server that Web browsers can access-

anonymous FTP or Gopher servers

Web servers are composed of two major parts three hypertext transfer protocol for

transmitting documents between servers and clients and the hypertext markup language

(HTML) formats for documents The link between HTML files and the HTTP servers is provided

by the uniform resource locator (URLs)

Uniform Resource Locators

The documents that the browsers display are hypertext that contains pointers to other

documents The browsers let you deal with the pointers in a transparent way- select the

pointer and you are presented with the text to which it points This pointers is implemented

using a concept that is central to Web browsers uniform resource locator (URLs) One way

to think about URLs is to use the libraries and location on a shelf as a metaphor A URL for a

digital library would be a unique call number that provides the exact location of every book

in the world including the country city street and library shelf location

In practice URLs are the strings used as addresses of objects (documents images) on the

Web Think of them as analogous to your e-mail address Just as your address is unique may

be used by any other internet user to send your mail without knowing exactly where you are

a URL marks the unique location on the internet where a file or service can be found

URLs follows a fairly consistent pattern The first part describes the type of resource the

second part gives the name of the server housing the resource and the third part gives full

fill name of the resource URLs are universal in that they provide access to a wide range of

network services which required separate applications in the past For a new network

protocol one can easily form an address as the set of parameters necessary to retrieve the

object If these parameters are encoded into a concise string with a prefix to identify the

protocols and encoding one has new URL scheme Take a look at the URL formats below

FTP ftpserveraddresscompletefilename

Gopher gopherserveraddressportdirectoryfilename

TELNET telnetserveraddressport

HTTP httpserveraddressporthomepagehtml

News newsmiscstocksinvest

These are URLs for internet news articles and newsgroups (the NNTP protocol) and for HTTP

archives for TELNET destinations email addresses and so on The same can be done for

names of objects in a given name space For example the URL of the main page for the web

project happens to be http webw3orghypertextwebThe projecthtml The prefix

ldquohttprdquo in the preceding example indicates the address space and defines the interpretation

of the rest of the string The HTTP protocol is to be used so the string contains the address

of the server to be contacted and a substring to be passed to the server

As noted earlier different protocols use different syntaxes but they do have a small amount

in common For example the common URL syntax reserves the solidus () as a way of

representing a hierarchical space the pound label () as a way of pointing inside the

document and question mark () as a separators between the address of an object and a

query operation applied to it Hierarchical spaces are useful for hypertext where one ldquoworkrdquo

may be split up into many interlinked documents The allow relative names to exploit the

hierarchical structure and allows links to be made within the work independent of the higher

parts of the URL such as the server name

URLs are control to the Web architecture The fact that it is to address an object anywhere

on the internet is essential for the system to scale and for the information space to be

independent of the network and server topology

Chapter 5


The ability to conduct business on a public network has strong attraction- and the potential

for big savings Security and confidentiality are essential however before business can

conduct financial transaction over the Internet and a lack of widespread security measures

remains at this time At present credit and number financial records and other important

information are not encrypted and can be intercepted by any savvy Internet hacker

The discussion of security concerns in electronic commerce can be divided into two broad

types-

1 Client- server security uses various authorization methods to make sure that only valid

users and programs have access to information resources such as database Access

control mechanisms must be set up to ensure that properly authenticated are allowed

access only to those resources that they are entitled to use Such mechanisms include

password protection encrypted smart cards biometrics and firewalls

2 Data and transaction security ensures the privacy and confidentiality in electronic

messages and data packets including the authentication of remote users in network

transactions for activities such as on-line payment The goal is to defeat any attempt to

assume another identity while involved with electronic mail or other forms of data

communication Preventive measures include data encryption using various

cryptographic methods

Data and Message Security

The lack of data and messages security on the Internet has become a higher profile problem

due to increasing number of merchants trying to spur commerce on the global network For

instance credit card numbers in their plain text form create a risk when transmitted across

the Internet where the possibility of the number falling into the wrong hands is relatively

high Would you be willing to type in your credit card number knowing the risk Even worse

would you expose your customers to that risk Just the thought of ldquosnifferrdquo programs that

collect credit card numbers en masse is enough to keep merchants away from on-line

shopping given the possible lawsuits and other liability issues In short the lack of business

transaction security is widely acknowledged as a major impediment to widespread e-

commerce

Encrypted Documents and Electronic Mail

E-mail users who desire confidentiality and sender authentication are using encryption

Encryption is simply intended to keep personal thoughts personal Some users are already

using Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) others are starting to use Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM)

E-mail is typically encrypted for the reason that all network correspondence is open for

eavesdropping Internet e-mail is obviously for less secure then the postal systems where

envelops protect correspondence from casual snooping A glance at the header area of any

e-mail message by contrast will show that it has passed through a number of nodes on its

way to you Every one of these nodes presents the opportunity for snooping

Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion

E-commerce is growing tremendously A lot of companies have joined between the period

July and August Online retails is still a tiny spot in Indiarsquos retails market of about $ 500 billion

a year but it is growing at a quick pace A study by retail consultancy Technopark predicts

Indiarsquos e-tailing market will reach $ 32 billion by 2020 from $ 23 billion in 2014

Ethnic Indian clothes amp casual wear are favorite products but unusual products like pets-too

are being offered online With the huge growth that e-commerce has witnessed in recent

times analysts like Devangshu Dutta says there is scope for more players to come in But

some also warn about the risks the space is fraught with as only a few chances of making it

big They also see consolidation in the sector going forward

Bibliography

1 Frontier of Electronic Commerce by Ravi KalaKota amp Andrew BWhinston

2 Big E-commerce deals stir up sector- Electronic Times

3 wwwFlipkartcom

Acknowledgment

I Am Thankful To Dezyne ErsquoCole College To Help In Making This Project On E-Commerce A

Special Thanks To Ms Jyoti Phulwani to Guide Us Step By Step in the Making of This Project

Report

Thanking You

Shubham Garg

Bachelor of computer Application

2014

Content

1 Chapter 1

Introduction

2 Chapter 2


3 Chapter 3


4 Chapter 4


5 Chapter 5


6 Chapter 6


7 Chapter 7


8 Chapter 8

Conclusion

Chapter 1

Introduction

































electronic commerce

Chapter 2
























































Commerce


Publishing


Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax


Corporate

Digital

Library


Collaborative Work

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Content

1 Chapter 1

Introduction

2 Chapter 2


3 Chapter 3


4 Chapter 4


5 Chapter 5


6 Chapter 6


7 Chapter 7


8 Chapter 8

Conclusion

Chapter 1

Introduction

































electronic commerce

Chapter 2
























































Commerce


Publishing


Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax


Corporate

Digital

Library


Collaborative Work

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Chapter 1

Introduction

































electronic commerce

Chapter 2
























































Commerce


Publishing


Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax


Corporate

Digital

Library


Collaborative Work

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Chapter 2
























































Commerce


Publishing


Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax


Corporate

Digital

Library


Collaborative Work

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom


























Commerce


Publishing


Electronic

Messaging

E-mail Fax


Corporate

Digital

Library


Collaborative Work

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Chapter 3

























organizational


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom


















Manufacturing

and Production

Accounting

Finance and

Management



Private

Commerce

Internal

Publishing

Customer-oriented

Electronic commerce

Customer

Engineering

and Research

Classic EDI

Global

Suppliers








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom








after sales
























just searching




































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom































that solve problems
















Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom









Middleware services















Transparency





























































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom














































Chapter 4





















































Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom



















Chapter 5








types-






















commerce










Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom






Chapter 6


Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Chapter 7


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Step 11

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Chapter 8

Conclusion










Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

Bibliography



3 wwwFlipkartcom

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