shunsuke hamanaka japan education center of environmental ... hamanaka.pdf · japan education...
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Maintenance and Management of Johkasou System
―Its Maintenance, Desludging and Inspection
Shunsuke HAMANAKAJapan Education Center of Environmental Sanitation
② Small to medium scale systems for treating miscellaneous domestic wastewater
③ Large scale systems for treating miscellaneous domestic wastewater
① Small scale systems for only treating flush toilet wastewater
Domestic Wastewater Treatment System in Japan
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Number of facility
Johkasou
about 8,000,000
Sewerage System
about 2,200
periodical O/M
Johkasou3~4 months
1 month2 weeks1 week
dailyetc.
daily
Sewerage System
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The treated water is discharged into rivers, so johkasou systems are highly favorable to the reservation and improvement of water environment.
To maintain effluent qualities
The maintenance and management (maintenance, desludging and inspection) are very important.
Johkasou systems= small scale and decentralized systems
Organization for Maintenance , Desludging and Inspection
Specified inspection agency
Request
Inspection
Qualified inspectorsabout 1,100
Qualified operatorsabout 69,000
Qualified techniciansabout 15,000
Johkasou maintenance vender Johkasou desludgint vender
Entrusted Entrusted
DesludgingMaintenance
Technical supervisor
Johkasou manager
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Operation / Maintenance
Devices and instruments O/M Surrounding conditions Water flow condition Treatment performance Sludge accumulation Electrical and mechanical devices
Water Quality Management
Site investigation– To judge the treatment effectiveness of unit equipments– To find the causes if any changes are observed and
conduct to stabilize the treatment function
Laboratory analysis– To investigate water quality in the discharged part
regularly– To ascertain whether treatment is functioning steadily
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Check up the way of inflow water
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Inlet
Outlet
Pre-sedimetationAnaerobicBio-filter
Aerobic Bio-filter
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pHDO
NH4
NO2NO3PO4
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Accumulated Sludge
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Desludging and Cleaning
Sludge accumulation– To decide when to desludging and cleaning
based upon treatment effectiveness and the accumulation of sludge
Sludge removal– The method for removing sludge and the volume
must be decided depending on the functioning of the unit equipments.
– After desludging, water must be added as the amount of removed sludge.
Vacuum Truck for Desludging
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Modified Vacuum Truck for Volume Reduction
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Schematic diagram of Modified Vacuum Truck
Screen and thickened sludge
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Separated water
TYPE OF JOHKASOUBefore
thickeningSS %
After Thickening
SS %
Separated water
SS mg/lTOTAL AERATION 0.3~0.7 3.5~5.0 < 100 SEPARATION-CONTACT AERATION 1.0~1.5 4.0~6.0 < 200SEPTIC TANK 1.0~2.0 4.0~6.5 < 200 ANAEROBIC FILTER 0.7~1.8 4.5~7.0 < 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Volu
me
%
Before thickening After thickening
Experimental results by the modified vacuum truck
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System needed for a johkasou plant
Johkasou
Installation, planning and design technology
Construction technology
Inspection and maintenance technology
Water quality analysis technology
Operational management and facilities management
Desludging technology