si pp introduction_2

SIPp Introduction

Load and Performance Testing

Simon Flannery

Ericsson Australia

Agenda

SIPp Basics Running SIPp

– Statistics and Screens– Command Line Options

Creating Scenarios Authentication Examples

Getting Started

Low-level knowledge of the SIP protocol and SIP signalling inside IMS

Scenarios files are written using XML Download from http://sipp.sourceforge.net/ "SIPp is a free Open Source test tool and traffic

generator for the SIP protocol "- sipp.sourceforge.net

Used for performance testing and traffic generation for IMT (and can be used for mIMS, but not PoC) Integration & Verification

SIPp Features

Support for both IPv4 and IPv6 RTP media support (PCAP) Call rate distributions

– Fixed– Uniform– Exponential

Support Authentication High Performance and Reliable Allows Complex Sceneries Can be controlled remotely (or externally) Reports Statistics

Running SIPp

SIPp has an interactive and real-time command line interface

Quite safe and stable to be left alone, or run in the background (try to always use latest build)

Various statistics and reporting screens are available

Exit codes:– 0 (zero) indicate that all calls were successful – 1 indicates that at least one call failed – 97 indicates an abnormal exit on internal command– 99 indicating a normal exit without processing calls – -1 used to indicate a fatal error

The Scenario Screen

Default screen (accessed by pressing 1)

The Statistics Screen

Accessed by pressing 2

Useful Command Line Options

-sf,loads an alternate scenario file -inf, loads an external CSV file to inject values from -r, sets the call rate (calls per second) -rp, specify the rate period (ms) for the call rate (above)

– Example: -r 15 -rp 1000, 15 calls every second -l, maximum number of simultaneous calls -m, stop and exit when set number of calls are

processed

-i, sets the local IP address -p, sets the local port number

Useful Command Line Options

-auth_uri,forces the domain value of the URI for authentication (for example, 401)

-trace_screen,logs the final screens to file (<scenario>_<pid>_screen.log)

-trace_err, logs unexpected messages to file (<scenario>_<pid>_errors.log)

-trace_stat, logs statistics to file (<scenario>_<pid>.csv)

-fd, logs statistics at set interval (seconds) -nd, disable SIPp’s default behaviors Finally, we end all SIPp commands with the remote host

(and port), for example the P-CSCF

SIPp Supports Authentication

Two authentication algorithms are supported:– Digest / MD5 ("algorithm="MD5"")– Digest / AKA

When receiving:– 401 (Unauthorized)– 407 (Proxy Authentication Required)

Simply add auth="true" in the <recv> command to take the challenge into account

The authorization header will then be re-injected in the next message using [authentication] keyword

Creating your own Scenarios Authored using XML notation Unfortunately has spaghetti flow

– Using labels and jumps (next attributes)

Useful elements:– <send>– <recv>– <pause>, speech time– <nop>, no operation– <label>

Registration scenario walk through with authentication

Always put optional responses first

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<!DOCTYPE scenario SYSTEM "sipp.dtd">

<scenario name="UAC Basic Registration">

<label id="0" />

<send retrans="500" start_rtd="true">

<![CDATA[

REGISTER sip:[field1] SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:[local_port];branch=[branch]

From: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number]

To: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]>

Call-ID: [call_id]

CSeq: [cseq] REGISTER

Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:[local_port]>;expires=691200

Max-Forwards: 70

Content-Length: 0

]]>

</send>

...to be continued

Creating your own Scenarios <recv response="200" rtd="true" next="3"

optional="true" /> <recv response="403" rtd="true" next="2"



auth="true" crlf="true" />

<label id="1" /> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[ REGISTER sip:[field1] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:

[local_port];branch=[branch] From: [field0] <sip:

[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number] To: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]> Call-ID: [call_id] CSeq: [cseq] REGISTER Contact: [field0] <sip:

[field0]@[local_ip]:[local_port]>;expires=691200

[field2] Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Length: 0 ]]> </send>

<recv response="400" rtd="true" next="2" optional="true" />



<recv response="200" rtd="true" next="3" crlf="true" />

<label id="2" /> <nop> <action> <exec int_cmd="stop_call" /> </action> </nop>

<label id="3" />  <ResponseTimeRepartition value="30, 50, 80,

100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1500" />



<CallLengthRepartition value="30, 50, 80, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1500" />

</scenario>

Call fails and scenario ends here

Call successful and scenario ends

here

Creating your own Scenarios

sipp -sf register.xml -inf subscribers_00000_01249.csv -m 1250 -r 200 -rp 1 -l 50000 \ -t u1 -nd -trace_screen -trace_err -i 192.168.22.81 -p 6041 -auth_uri tcm.imt.se \ 192.168.22.58:5060

Keywords from the Command Line

<scenario name="UAC Basic Registration"> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[

REGISTER sip:[field1] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:[local_port];branch=[branch] From: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number] To: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]> Call-ID: [call_id] CSeq: [cseq] REGISTER Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:[local_port]>;expires=691200 Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Length: 0

]]> </send>

Creating your own Scenarios



]]> </send>

"UDP" or "TCP" Magic cookie (z9hG4bK) +call number +message index

Starts from "1" andincremented by 1 for each call

Identifies a call and is generated bySIPp for each new call (mandatory)

Keywords from SIPp

Automatically generates the CSeq number starting at 1

Useful SIPp Keywords

[len], Computed length of the SIP body used in "Content-Length" header

[call_number], index of the call starting at 1 and is incremented by 1 for each call

[authentication], is used to include the authentication header

[msg_index], provides the message number in the scenario

[cseq], provides (or generates) the CSeq value of the last (or next) request received

Injecting External ValuesKeywords and values from an external file



]]> </send>

Regular Expression Scenario<scenario name="UAC Basic Registration"> <label id="0" /> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[

REGISTER sip:[field1] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:


[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number] To: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]> Call-ID: [call_id] CSeq: [cseq] REGISTER Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]>;expires=60 Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Length: 0

]]> </send>


 <recv response="423" rtd="true" next="1"

crlf="true"> <action> <ereg regexp="[0-9]+" search_in="hdr"

header="Min-Expires:" check_it="true" assign_to="1" />

</action> </recv>

<label id="1" /> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[

REGISTER sip:[field1] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:


[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number] To: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[field1]> Call-ID: [call_id] CSeq: [cseq] REGISTER Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]>;expires=[$1] Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Length: 0

]]> </send>


<label id="3" /> <ResponseTimeRepartition value="30, 50, 80, 100,

150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1500" />

<CallLengthRepartition value="30, 50, 80, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1500" />

</scenario>

Definition of a call

Successful call:– Navigates a scenario file from start to finish– Does not encounter a “stop_call” (or other)

command

Unsuccessful (failed) call:– Encounters a “stop_call”, “stop_now”,

“stop_gracefully” or other?

Example Time

The scenario:– User 46706560000000 calls user 46706560003000,– User 46706560000001 calls user 46706560003001,– User 46706560000002 calls user 46706560003002 and so on…

Again we will use CSV files to inject who should call who We assume everyone is provisioned and successfully

registered We will use two scenario files:

– A Caller scenario file (to send INVITEs, pauses and BYEs)– A Callee scenario file (to answer the INVITEs and BYEs)

The Caller

CSV Injection File

The Caller The Callee[field0] [field1] [field2] [field3]

The Caller<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?><!DOCTYPE scenario SYSTEM "sipp.dtd"><scenario name="UAC Basic Invite"> <label id="0" /> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[

INVITE sip:[field3]@[field1] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/[transport] [local_ip]:


[field0]@[field1]>;tag=[call_number]-INV-UAC To: [field3] <sip:[field3]@[field1]> Call-ID: [call_id] CSeq: [cseq] INVITE Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]> Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: [len]

v=0 o=user1 53655765 2353687637 IN

IP[local_ip_type] [local_ip] s=SIPp-UAC c=IN IP[media_ip_type] [media_ip] t=0 0 m=audio [media_port] RTP/AVP 0 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

]]> </send>

<recv response="100" rtd="true" optional="true" /> <recv response="180" rtd="true" optional="true" /> <recv response="400" rtd="true" rrs="true"

next="3" optional="true" /> <recv response="401" rtd="true" rrs="true"




next="1" /> <label id="1" /> <send> <![CDATA[

ACK [next_url] SIP/2.0 [last_Via:] [last_From:] [last_To:] [last_Call-ID:] CSeq: [cseq] ACK Max-Forwards: 70 Subject: Performance Test Content-Length: 0 [routes]

]]> </send>

<pause milliseconds="60000" next="2" />

The Caller <label id="2" /> <send retrans="500" start_rtd="true"> <![CDATA[ BYE [next_url] SIP/2.0 [last_Via:] [last_From:] [last_To:] [last_Call-ID:] CSeq: [cseq] BYE Max-Forwards: 70 Subject: Performance Test Content-Length: 0 [routes] ]]> </send>







<label id="3" /> <nop> <action> <exec int_cmd="stop_call" /> </action> </nop>

<label id="4" />  <ResponseTimeRepartition value="10, 20, 30, 40,

50, 100, 150, 200" />



<CallLengthRepartition value="10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10000" />

</scenario>

4xx error

Hang up

The Caller

Call rate

Message Counter

Actual speechtime

The Scenario

P-CSCF or ACMELocal port of the UE

The Callee

CSV Injection File

The Callee

[field0] [field1] [field2] No field 3

The Callee<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?><!DOCTYPE scenario SYSTEM "sipp.dtd">

<scenario name="UAS Basic responder">

<recv request="INVITE" rrs="true" crlf="true" />

<send> <![CDATA[

SIP/2.0 180 Ringing [last_Via:] [last_From:] [last_To:];tag=[call_number]-INV-UAS [last_Call-ID:] [last_CSeq:] Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]> [last_Record-Route:] Content-Length: 0

]]> </send>

<pause milliseconds="2000" />

<send retrans="500"> <![CDATA[

SIP/2.0 200 OK [last_Via:] [last_From:] [last_To:];tag=[call_number]-INV-UAS [last_Call-ID:] [last_CSeq:] [last_Record-Route:] Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: [len]

v=0 o=user1 53655765 2353687637 IN

IP[local_ip_type] [local_ip] s=SIPp-UAS c=IN IP[media_ip_type] [media_ip] t=0 0 m=audio [media_port] RTP/AVP 0 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

]]> </send>

<recv request="ACK" optional="true" crlf="true" />

The Callee <recv request="BYE" />

<send> <![CDATA[

SIP/2.0 200 OK [last_Via:] [last_From:] [last_To:] [last_Call-ID:] [last_CSeq:] Contact: [field0] <sip:[field0]@[local_ip]:

[local_port]> Content-Length: 0

]]> </send>



<pause milliseconds="4000" />

<ResponseTimeRepartition value="10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 150, 200" />

<CallLengthRepartition value="10, 50, 100, 500,

1000, 5000, 10000" />

</scenario>

The Callee only needs to reply to SIP messges from the Caller

The Callee has no logic flow

The Caller has all the logic flow– Remember all the labels and

jumps (next)?

The Callee If running both the caller and callee on the same computer ensure that they use different ports

The Scenario

References

SIPp documentation http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/reference.html

SIPp in action http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/images/sipp-01.wmv

Using the Statistics output with Excel http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/images/sipp-02.wmv

http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/reference.html

http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/reference.html

http://sipp.sourceforge.net/doc/images/sipp-01.wmv




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