sibbhrs707a learner guide

Learner Guide to support SIB10 Beauty Training Package

Learner Guide - SIBBHRS707AProvide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments

Learner Guide SIBBHRS707AProvide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments

© National WRAPS, 2010This work is copyright, but the following permissions are given:

• An individual may make a photocopy of all or part of the work for their personal use.

• A Registered Training Organisation may make photocopies of all or part of the work for the teaching purposes of that organisation, including for supply to its students, provided that any consideration does not exceed the marginal cost of preparation, reproduction, assembly and delivery.

Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests for per-mission may be directed to:

Operations Manager Services Industries Skills Council Level 10, 171 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2001 Phone: +61 2 8243 1200 Fax: +61 2 8243 1299 www.serviceskills.com.au e-mail: [email protected]

The views in this work do not necessarily represent the views of National WRAPS or the Services Industries Skills Council. National WRAPS and the Services Industries Skills Council do not give war-ranty nor accept any liability in relation to the content of this work.

Published by: Services Industries Skills Council Level 10, 171 Clarence St Sydney NSW 2001 Phone: +61 2 8243 1200 Fax: +61 2 8243 1299 www.serviceskills.com.au e-mail: [email protected]

Title: SIBBHRS707A(e): Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments

ISBN: 978-1-74160-470-2First published: November 2010Print Version No: 1Printed by: Solutions Digital Printing, Melbourne Australia

This learner guide is intended for the use of students undertaking training in SIB10 Beauty Training Package. A wide variety of resources have been used to develop this learner guide and reason-able effort has been made to ensure that the material is accurate and current. The learner guide is intended to be used as companion material by a student undertaking training with a Registered Training Organisation and under the expert guidance of an appropriate trainer. This learner guide does not replace training required to perform treatments and services. This learner guide should not replace medical advice concerning specific conditions. The publisher cannot assume responsi-bility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use.

This learner guide has been produced on behalf of National WRAPS ITC to support the new Beauty Training Package SIB10. Service Skills Australia developed the training package on behalf of the Beauty Industry. It also provides advice to enterprises and government on a range of issues con-cerning beauty, hairdressing, sport, recreation, funeral, tourism, hospitality and retail. Service Skills Australia is one of eleven national skills councils.

You can visit their website on http://www.serviceskills.com.au

SIBBHRS707A: Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments

i

ContentsInformation about this learner guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii

Suggested resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Learning Activities in this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v

Section A: Prepare treatment area and client safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Step 1 Apply laser and IPL safety protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Step 2 Apply health and skin penetration regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Step 3 Select the appropriate device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Step 4 Use the control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15Section Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Section B: Apply intense pulsed light or laser treatments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Step 1 Treatment procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Step 2 Treat clients from different ethnic background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Section Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Section C: Provide post treatment care and advice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Step 1 Post treatment care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31Step 2 Complications or adverse effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Section Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Suggested answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39


ii

Information about this learner guideThis learner guide covers the unit of competency, SIBBHRS707A Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments, part of the SIB10 Beauty Training Package.

It is a core unit for the following qualifications:

• SIB70110 Vocational Graduate Certificate in Intense Pulsed Light and Laser Hair Reduction

This guide has been designed to help you develop the skills and knowledge required to Design intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatment programs. The following table shows you the layout of this learner guide. The element(s) of competency covered are indicated in brackets after the section titles. Each section has a number of step

Unit of Competency: SIBBHRS707A Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments

Element of Competency Element of Competency Element of Competency

Section APrepare treatment area (1)

Section BApply IPL or laser treatment safely (2,3)

Section CProvide post treatment care and advice (4)

Step 1 Apply laser and IPL safety protocolsStep 2Apply health and skin penetration regulationsStep 3 Select the appropriate deviceStep 4 Use the control panel

Step 1 Treatment procedureStep 2 Treat clients from different ethnic backgrounds

Step 1 Post treatment careStep 2 Complications and adverse effects


iii

Suggested resourcesBooks

Goldberg DJ (2008) Laser Hair Removal, United Kingdom, Informa UK Ltd.

HABIA (2003) Safe Use of Lasers and Intense Pulsed Light Equipment, England, Consumer Services Industry Authority.

Henderson R & Schulmeister K (2004) Laser Safety, New York, Taylor & Francis.

Lee G & Bishop P (2009) Microbiology and infection control for health professionals, French Forest NSW, Pearson.

Patton KT & Thibodeau GA (2010) Anatomy & Physiology 7th ed, St Louis, Mosby Elsevier.

Pugliese P T (2005) Advanced Professional Skin Care, Medical Edition, Pennsylvania, The Topical Agent.

Wolf, K and Johnson, RA (2009) Fitzpatrick’s Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, New York, McGraw Hill.

DVDs

Hill P (2007) Ftizpatrick Skin Typing and Aging Analysis, USA, Pamela Hill Institute.

Whitelaw C & Taylor M B (2008) The complete guide to Laser Hair Removal, West Jordan Utah, Aes-thetic VideoSource.

Journals

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley-Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.

Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, Oxfordshire, Taylor and Francis Ltd.

Associations

Advanced Association of Beauty Therapists - www.aabth.com.au

American Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine Inc. http://www.aslms.org/

Association of Professional Aestheticians of Australia - www.apaa.com.au

Australian Medical Laser Association http://www.amla.org.au/

Hair and Beauty Australia - http://www.hairandbeautyaustralia.com.au/

Websites

http://www.arpansa.gov.au/index.htm - Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency. This agency is responsible for protecting people and the environment from the harmful effects of radiation in Australia.

http://www.tga.gov.au responsible for the listing of therapeutic goods and devices.

http://www.dermnet.org.nz/ website of the New Zealand Dermatological Society Inc with credible information on common hair and skin disorders.

http://emedicine.medscape.com credible website originating from the USA. Has an editorial board of medical practitioners.


iv

Other

Health Infection Control Toolbox http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/series7/702.htm#info this online interactive learning resource has been developed through the Australian Flexible Learn-ing Framework. It is relatively expensive to purchase but you may able to access it through your Registered Training Organisation.

AS/NZS 4173:2004 Guide to the safe use of laser in health care. This is the Australian standard for the safe use of lasers and laser systems in diagnostic, cosmetic and therapeutic clinics. It is available, for a fee, via the SAI Global website http://www.saiglobal.com/

AS/NZS2211.1:2004 Safety of laser products - Equipment classification, requirements and users guide. This is the Australian standard. It is available, for a fee, via the SAI Global website http://www.saiglobal.com/

AS/NZS 1337.4:2004 Personal eye-protection - Filters and eye-protectors against laser radiation (laser eye-protectors) This is the Australian standard for filters and eye protectors when using lasers. It is available, for a fee, via the SAI Global website http://www.saiglobal.com/


v

Learning Activities in this guideA variety of learning activities have been included to support you in developing the skills and knowledge you need to achieve competence in this unit. This will assist you in building up your knowledge base, preparing for assessment and in providing better services to your client. It will be helpful to you to review some of this material before you attend your training session.

Use your trainer or supervisor as an additional learning resource. If you have any problems with your learning discuss those with your trainer or supervisor at the earliest opportunity.

The following icons will help you find your way through this learner guide:

This is a theory exercise. Do it and compare notes with other students or your trainer.

This is a practical exercise. You need to practice this so that you can perform the service quickly and to salon standards.

Think about this. Often this icon is used to get you to think about a topic before you read the following section.

Refer to the learner guide listed for further information

Assessment:For valid and reliable assessment of this unit, competency must be consistently demonstrated over a period of time and observed by an assessor from a Registered Training Organisation. See end of this guide for more information on assessment.

What is Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments?

This is where you put together all the skills and knowledge gained up to this point and actually treat a client for hair removal using light modalities. It involves working safely and effectively to

achieve the hair removal outcomes for the client.


vi


1

Section A: Prepare treatment area and client safelyIn this section you will cover how to safely prepare a service area using a quality assured approach, selecting the right piece of equipment, and how to use a control panel.

Step 1 Apply laser and IPL safety protocols

Step 2 Apply health regulations and skin penetration guidelines

Step 3 Select the appropriate device

Step 4 Use the control panel

In SIBBHRS705A Apply intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols you covered the process of identifying risks and applying controls to manage the risks.

Make a note now of the risks associated with the use of laser and intense pulsed light and the controls that were recommended to manage the risk.

Keep this list in mind as you work through this section.


2

Step 1 Apply laser and IPL safety protocolsIPL and laser safety protocols are the standard operating procedures (SOPs) that are adopted by your clinic to guide the safe use of these devices. You will be aware from SIBBHRS705A Apply intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols that these SOPs are part of the safety procedures that sup-ports the clinic in the application of the Australian Standard AS/NZS 4173:2004 Guide for the safe use of lasers in health care. Most clinics also adopt these Laser standards for the safe use of intense pulsed light as currently there is no Australian standard that directly relates to this technology.

Quality Assurance – abbreviated to QA, it is a program for the systematic monitoring and evalu-ation of the various aspects of service delivery to ensure that standards of quality are consistently being met. In the day to day situation in a clinic you will be interrupted by other staff, client en-quiries and the regular interaction with the client being treated. In the midst of this you are using high powered equipment with the potential to cause real physical damage. Your job requires you to first safely use the intense pulsed light or laser device for hair removal. But you also operate in a competitive commercial environment where the clinic relies on repeat business and referrals from satisfied clients. So you need to interact with the client in a pleasant and engaged manner. The use of checklists supports this interaction by providing a step by step safety process. If you are distracted or interrupted you can return to the checklist to prompt you to complete the next step in the procedure.

You will recall from SIBBHRS705A Apply intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols that risk man-agement is a process to which you can apply three types of controls. The first is Engineering Con-trols, the second is Administration controls and the third is Personal Protective Equipment.

The quality assurance checklists are part of the Administration Controls and will include the fol-lowing:

• Daily checklist

• End of day checklist

• Pre-treatment checklist

• Post-treatment checklist

• Monthly checklist

• Six monthly checklist

• Hair removal procedure sheet

• Consultation procedure sheet

• Photography procedure sheet

• Water filling procedure sheet

• Change of applicator/filter procedure sheet.


3

Clinics will vary in the checklists that they have and some will combine some checklists. The fol-lowing is an example of a Daily Checklist:

IPL/Laser Radiation Safety – Daily checklist Week of:

Item MonDate:

TuesDate:

WedsDate:

ThursDate:

FriDate:

SatDate:

Door signs available and in good condition

Cords, cables, foot switch, applicator cable and head checked for signs of damage

Equipment casing inspected for signs of damage.

Delivery system inspected for signs of damage.

Filters/applicators available.

Correct safety glasses available, in good order and clean.

Consumables* stocked

Towels and client drapes available.

Treatment couch and paper cover checked.

Technician initials:

*Consumables are items that you use on the client and dispose of, for example, disposable razors, gauze, tissues, gloves,

cotton wool, paper towel, hand washing soap etc.

Table A1.1 Daily checklist example


4

The technician ticks or makes comments in each section under each day. If there is non compli-ance with a particular item then the technician must rectify the situation before any treatment sessions commence. For example, if there are no safety glasses in the treatment room, then the technician must find them and store them in the treatment room.

If the clinic has more than one room operating with laser or IPL devices then this form would need the addition of a room number. At the end of the week the form is filed with the room checklists. Periodically the laser or the IPL safety officer would check that the forms are being used correctly.

Learning activity A1.1

Use the previous daily checklist or one that is used in the Registered Training Organisation or clinic and complete it for the treatment area that you are using. Are there any additions or modifications you would like to make?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Discuss your changes with your trainer or supervisor

Another checklist you will find that applies to a particular room or piece of equipment is the IPL or laser equipment log. This is separate to the client details and is a record of the use of the equip-ment.

Sample of an equipment log:

Equipment log: Device:

Date Client Trt. Area Trt.Modality Fluence # of shots Technician signature.


5

This is stored with the equipment and provides a record of the use of the device. This is an invalu-able business tool and safety record. You will be able to see details such as the number of treat-ments, how many shots per client and the most used treatment modality. It also provides informa-tion that the maintenance personnel can review and if there is a device underperformance then you can quickly track the clients that have had a treatment using the particular machine.


Design a pre-treatment checklist that covers the set up procedure for a laser and IPL hair reduc-tion treatment. Use as sources of information AS/NZS 4173:2004 Guide to the safe use of lasers in health care, the workplace procedures or procedures used in the Registered Training Organisation. Ensure that all aspects of treatment delivery are covered, not just the safety aspect.

Discuss your checklist with your trainer or supervisor


6

Step 2 Apply health and skin penetration regulationsAs a working therapist you will be familiar with the health regulations and skin penetration guide-lines. In HLTIN402B Maintain infection control standards in office practice settings you covered how to maintain infection control standards in the clinic.

Although intense pulsed light and laser hair removal treatments have a perceived low risk of cross infection because there is no intended skin penetration, mistakes can happen and you need to be prepared.

In addition you need to know the details of how to maintain a clean and hygienic clinic. This is important to prevent cross-infection but is also central to the image of the clinic as a safe and professional practice.


Using the information from HLTIN402B Maintain infection control standards in office practice settings and your State or Territory health regulations and skin penetration guidelines answer the following questions:

1. What are five steps you can take to prevent cross-infection when working in a laser or IPL clinic?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Describe the correct hand washing technique:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


7

3. Describe the cleaning procedures for laser and IPL devices. Include the cleaners used and fre-quency of the cleaning process.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Using the health regulations and skin penetration guidelines for your State or Territory describe the procedure you must follow if bleeding occurs during a treatment.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Discuss your answers with your trainer or supervisor. For questions 1 & 2 there are some suggested answers at the end of this learner guide.


8

Step 3 Select the appropriate deviceThere are many devices available for hair reduction treatments. The following will be covered in this step:

• Intense pulsed light

• Normal mode alexandrite laser

• Ruby laser

• Diode laser

• Nd:Yag laser

The following information is general in nature. The development of devices is the subject of intense research and investment. New developments see the introduction of improved and new devices and are happening rapidly in the industry. For that reason you need to constantly update your knowledge through active participation in further education, industry associations, industry seminars and with suppliers of equipment.


9

Inte

nse

puls

ed li

ght

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Ph

otot

ypes

Wav

elen

gths

Trea

tmen

t par

amet

ers

Com

men

tTr

eatm

ent o

utco

mes

Poss

ible

adv

erse

eff

ects

I to

IV.

Alth

ough

new

deve

lopm

ents

are

focu

sing

on d

arke

r ski

n

type

s.

515

to 5

90 c

ut o

ff fo

r

thos

e w

ith fa

ir sk

in o

r

red

hair.

Thi

s is b

ecau

se

pheo

mel

anin

has

poo

r

abso

rptio

n at

long

er

wav

elen

gths

.

600n

m +

for t

hose

with

Fitz

patr

ick

I, II

or II

I or

thos

e w

ith a

sunt

an

695

nm+

for d

arke

r

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Phot

otyp

es.

Not

e th

ese

devi

ces

typi

cally

rang

e up

to

1200

nm.

Long

er e

xpos

ure

time

need

ed

for t

hose

with

thic

ker h

air o

r

dark

er sk

in.

Ligh

t can

be

deliv

ered

in si

ngle

or m

ultip

le p

ulse

s.

Mul

tiple

pul

ses d

eliv

er se

vera

l

sequ

entia

l pul

ses.

This

is us

eful

in d

arke

r ski

n.

Sele

ct lo

nger

pul

se d

elay

s to

allo

w fo

r the

nee

ded

epid

erm

al

cool

ing

Shor

ter p

ulse

wid

ths m

ay b

e

help

ful f

or fi

ner h

airs

.

Long

er p

ulse

wid

ths f

or th

icke

r

hair.

Pulsi

ng m

ode

and

inte

rpul

se

dela

ys sh

ould

be

adap

ted

to

skin

type

s. D

arke

r ski

n ty

pes a

re

trea

ted

with

a m

ultip

le p

ulse

s

and

a lo

nger

inte

rpul

se d

elay

com

pare

d w

ith li

ghte

r ski

n

type

s.

Flue

nce

chos

en sh

ould

be

high

est t

oler

ated

with

out

caus

ing

epid

erm

al b

liste

r.

IPL

devi

ces h

ave

mor

e

trea

tmen

t par

amet

ers

avai

labl

e th

an la

ser.

Ther

efor

e it

is im

port

ant

to b

uild

exp

erie

nce

base

d on

clin

ical

prac

tice.

Mul

tiple

trea

tmen

ts

achi

eve

long

term

resu

lts.

In o

ne st

udy

clea

ranc

e

rate

s of 8

7% h

air

redu

ctio

n ha

ve b

een

esta

blish

ed.1

Post

trea

tmen

t

perif

ollic

ular

oed

ema

and

eryt

hem

a is

note

d.

Mild

to m

oder

ate

pain

. 2%

of c

lient

s may

exp

erie

nce

a

pers

isten

t hea

t sen

satio

n fo

r 24

hour

s.

Tran

sient

pos

t infl

amm

ator

y

hype

rpig

men

tatio

n ca

n be

expe

rienc

ed b

y up

to 1

6% o

f

clie

nts.

Crus

ting

and

blist

erin

g in

up

to

18%

of c

lient

s.

Para

doxi

cal e

ffect

in u

p to

10%

of c

lient

s. M

ore

likel

y on

nec

k

follo

win

g ch

in o

r sub

man

dibu

lar

trea

tmen

ts.

Not

e: a

dver

se e

ffect

s st

atis

tics

are

take

n fr

om re

sear

ch

pape

rs. T

here

fore

resu

lts in

cl

inic

s, w

ith a

con

serv

ativ

e ap

proa

ch w

ould

less

en th

e in

cide

nce

of a

dver

se e

ffect

s.

1.

Schr

oete

r CA,

Gro

enew

egen

JS, R

eine

ke T

, Neu

man

n H

A, H

air r

educ

tion

usin

g in

tens

e pu

lsed

light

sour

ce. D

erm

atol

ogic

al S

urge

ry, 2

004,

30,

pp1

68-1

73.


10

Nor

mal

mod

e al

exan

drite

lase

r

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Ph

otot

ypes

Wav

elen

gth

Trea

tmen

t par

amet

er

com

men

ts

Com

men

tTr

eatm

ent

outc

omes

Poss

ible

adv

erse

effe

cts

Goo

d fo

r I a

nd II

.

Clie

nts w

ith II

I or

dark

er a

t risk

of

hype

rpig

men

tatio

n.

This

is

acco

mm

odat

ed b

y

usin

g lo

nger

pul

se

wid

ths a

nd e

ffici

ent

cool

ing.

In IV

to V

I lon

ger

pulse

wid

ths r

esul

t in

low

er %

of

adve

rse

effec

ts, b

ut in

gre

ater

pain

for t

he c

lient

.

Mos

t ofte

n us

ed o

n

Ftiz

patr

ick

III o

r IV

with

litt

le ri

sk a

s mos

t

of th

ese

devi

ces h

ave

good

skin

coo

ling

syst

ems.

755n

m

Ratio

of e

nerg

y

deliv

ered

in th

e

derm

is co

mpa

red

to th

e ep

ider

mis

is

high

er b

ecau

se o

f

grea

ter d

epth

of

pene

trat

ion.

Dee

p re

d co

lour

,

lasin

g m

ediu

m is

synt

hetic

chr

ysob

eryl

.

In Q

-sw

itche

d m

ode

this

is us

ed b

y a

med

ical

pra

ctiti

oner

for T

atto

o re

mov

al.

Long

er p

ulse

wid

ths n

eede

d fo

r

thos

e w

ith d

arke

r ski

n.

Long

er p

ulse

wid

ths a

re

asso

ciat

ed w

ith d

ecre

ased

adve

rse

effec

ts.

Varie

ty o

f spo

t siz

es a

vaila

ble,

larg

er sp

ot si

zes w

ill re

sults

in

quic

ker c

lear

ance

rate

s.

Goo

d ab

sorp

tion

by

mel

anin

but

less

than

Ruby

.

Mos

t fea

ture

effi

cien

t

cool

ing

feat

ures

whi

ch re

sults

in a

s

good

a c

lear

ance

rate

as R

uby

lase

rs

and

bett

er th

an

elec

trol

ysis.

Use

s fibr

eopt

ics

whi

ch m

akes

it e

asie

r

to u

se th

an th

ose

with

art

icul

ated

deliv

ery

syst

ems

40-5

6% h

air r

educ

tion

six m

onth

s afte

r a

singl

e tr

eatm

ent

With

pul

se w

idth

of 1

0ms,

Fitz

patr

ick

I’s

expe

rienc

e 1%

of a

dver

se e

ffect

s, III

’s 9%

and

38%

in V

’s

Tran

sient

hyp

erpi

gmen

tatio

n in

19%

of

clie

nts

Tran

sient

hyp

opig

men

tatio

n in

17%

Crus

ting

in 1

2%

Blist

erin

g in

2%

of F

itzpa

tric

k I a

nd II

but

up to

10%

in IV

s+

Mos

t com

plic

atio

ns o

ccur

in d

arke

r ski

n

Inci

denc

e of

adv

erse

effe

cts i

s inc

reas

ed

in tr

eatm

ents

per

form

ed in

sum

mer

Para

doxi

cal h

air g

row

th h

as b

een

repo

rted

but

in c

lient

s with

Fitz

patr

icks

of IV

and

with

bla

ck h

air.

Not

e: a

dver

se e

ffect

s st

atis

tics

are

take

n fr

om re

sear

ch p

aper

s. T

here

fore

re

sults

in c

linic

s, w

ith a

con

serv

ativ

e ap

proa

ch w

ould

less

en th

e in

cide

nce

of a

dver

se e

ffect

s.


11

Ruby

lase

r

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Ph

otot

ypes

Wav

elen

gth

Trea

tmen

t par

amet

ers

Com

men

tTr

eatm

ent

outc

omes

Poss

ible

adv

erse

effe

cts

I and

II w

ithou

t tan

III’s

or th

ose

with

tan

requ

ire e

ffici

ent

epid

erm

al c

oolin

g

and

long

er p

ulse

dura

tions

Best

on

clie

nts w

ith

dark

hai

r.

694n

m

Lasin

g m

ediu

m is

a

synt

hetic

ruby

cry

stal

of a

lum

iniu

m o

xide

and

chro

miu

m.

Mel

anin

abo

rptio

n

for t

his w

avel

engt

h

is hi

gh

Epid

erm

al m

elan

in

abso

rptio

n is

a

prob

lem

Led

the

way

in L

aser

Hai

r Red

uctio

n bu

t

now

not

com

mon

ly

used

It is

thou

ght t

hat l

aser

dam

age

does

not

exte

nd fa

r eno

ugh

dow

n th

e ha

ir fo

llicl

e

to re

sult

in d

amag

e to

the

derm

al p

apill

a.

30-3

5% h

air r

educ

tion

follo

win

g a

singl

e

trea

tmen

t, af

ter 3

-4

trea

tmen

ts re

duct

ion

of 5

5-60

% h

as b

een

note

d.

Hig

her p

oten

tial a

bsor

ptio

n by

epid

erm

al m

elan

in is

ass

ocia

ted

with

a

high

er ra

te o

f adv

erse

effe

cts.

Blist

erin

g in

6%

of c

lient

s with

Fitz

patr

ick

I and

II, w

ith d

iscol

orat

ion

in 2

.5%

.

Fitz

patr

ick

III m

ay e

xper

ienc

e bl

ister

ing

(4.5

%) a

nd h

yper

pigm

enta

tion

(2.8

%)

In F

itzpa

tric

ks IV

ove

rall

adve

rse

effec

ts

rises

to 3

0%

Crus

ting

in a

bout

10%

Atro

phic

scar

ring

in 3

% b

ut a

ssoc

iate

d

with

dar

ker s

kin

tone

s.

Sun-

prot

ecte

d sit

es h

ave

a lo

wer

inci

denc

e of

adv

erse

effe

cts.

Not

e: a

dver

se e

ffect

s ar

e ta

ken

from

re

sear

ch p

aper

s. T

here

fore

resu

lts in

cl

inic

s, w

ith a

con

serv

ativ

e ap

proa

ch

wou

ld le

ssen

the

inci

denc

e of

adv

erse

eff

ects

.


12

Dio

de

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Ph

otot

ypes

Wav

elen

gth

Trea

tmen

t par

amet

ers

Com

men

tTr

eatm

ent

outc

omes

Poss

ible

adv

erse

effe

cts

I to

IVD

iode

lase

rs u

sed

for

hair

rem

oval

em

it

800-

810n

m li

ght

This

lead

s to

a sli

ghtly

less

er d

egre

e of

abso

rptio

n th

an th

e

Alex

andr

ite a

nd 3

0%

less

than

the

Ruby

how

ever

rate

s of

hair

redu

ctio

n ar

e

com

para

ble,

thou

ght

to b

e du

e to

the

deep

er p

enet

ratio

n

into

the

tissu

es.

This

is a

solid

stat

e

devi

ce.

Mul

tiple

trea

tmen

ts n

eede

d

with

up

to 3

3% c

lear

ance

afte

r

one

trea

tmen

t, co

mpa

red

with

up to

53%

afte

r tw

o tr

eatm

ents

obse

rved

afte

r 20

mon

ths

Larg

er sp

ot si

zes r

esul

t in

high

er

clea

ranc

e ra

tes

Use

s sm

all s

emi-

cond

ucto

rs in

stea

d

of l

arge

r flas

hlam

ps

to p

rodu

ce la

ser

light

whi

ch re

sults

in

a sm

alle

r and

mor

e

port

able

dev

ice

Trea

tmen

t can

be

mor

e pa

infu

l but

is al

levi

ated

by

redu

cing

freq

uenc

y

of d

eliv

ered

pul

ses

Rela

tivel

y ea

sier t

o

cons

truc

t tha

n ot

her

lase

rs w

hich

resu

lts in

a lo

wer

pric

e.

Effec

tive

for r

emov

al

of d

ark

term

inal

hair.

Per

man

ent h

air

redu

ctio

n in

89%

of

clie

nts.

Blist

erin

g, c

rust

ing

and

tran

sient

pigm

enta

tion

chan

ges o

ccur

in c

lient

s

with

Fitz

patr

ick

IV o

r hig

her

Post

trea

tmen

t fol

licul

itis m

ay b

e

obse

rved

in so

me

clie

nts.

Not

e: a

dver

se e

ffect

s st

atis

tics

in

next

col

umn

are

take

n fr

om re

sear

ch

pape

rs. T

here

fore

resu

lts in

clin

ics,

w

ith a

con

serv

ativ

e ap

proa

ch w

ould

le

ssen

the

inci

denc

e of

adv

erse

effe

cts.


13

Nd:

YAG

(Neo

dym

ium

Ytt

rium

Alu

min

um G

arne

t)

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Ph

otot

ypes

Wav

elen

gth

Trea

tmen

t par

amet

ers

Com

men

tsTr

eatm

ent

outc

omes

Poss

ible

adv

erse

effe

cts

1064

nm

sligh

tly le

ss w

ell

abso

rbed

than

Rub

y,

Alex

andr

ite o

r Dio

de

but h

as d

eepe

r

pene

trat

ion

into

derm

is –

up to

4 to

6mm

.

Beca

use

of th

e lo

wer

mel

anin

abso

rptio

n sli

ghtly

hig

her

fluen

ces a

re re

quire

d to

adeq

uate

ly d

amag

e ha

ir.

How

ever

, com

bine

d w

ith

adeq

uate

epi

derm

al c

oolin

g

this

is an

adv

anta

ge a

s it a

llow

s

trea

tmen

t of d

arke

r ski

n ty

pes.

Goo

d re

sults

in d

arke

r

skin

type

s, bu

t slig

htly

decr

ease

d effi

cacy

in

light

er sk

in ty

pes.

Pain

repo

rted

to

be g

reat

er th

an

Dio

de b

ut le

ss th

an

Alex

andr

ite.

Suita

ble

for t

reat

men

t

of fo

llicu

ltis b

arba

e*,

a sk

in c

ondi

tion

com

mon

ly se

en in

dark

er sk

in ty

pes.

24-2

9% r

educ

tion

at

thre

e m

onth

s afte

r 1

trea

tmen

t.

Up

to 5

0% re

duct

ion

afte

r 5 tr

eatm

ents

Non

faci

al h

air

expe

rienc

es h

ighe

r

clea

ranc

e ra

tes t

han

faci

al h

air

The

com

mon

adv

erse

effe

cts o

f

blist

erin

g an

d pi

gmen

tary

cha

nges

are

com

para

ble

to o

ther

lase

rs, b

ut th

e

inci

denc

e is

redu

ced

in d

arke

r ski

n ty

pes

*Psu

edof

ollic

uliti

s bar

bae

is a

com

mon

infla

mm

ator

y co

nditi

on w

hich

is c

ause

d by

ingr

own

faci

al h

air.

It fre

quen

tly a

ffect

s ind

ivid

uals

with

Afri

can

herit

age

and

Fitz

patr

ick

Skin

Pho

-

toty

pes V

& V

I but

it c

an a

lso a

ffect

oth

ers w

ith th

ick

curly

hai

r.


14


Research the IPL and the laser device that you will use in training. Refer to manufacturer’s guide-lines and their supplied research but also interview therapists who have used the devices. Use this information to fill out the table below.

IPL device

Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes that can be treated.

Wavelength – filters available for hair removal.

Treatment parameters available

Additional features, e.g. cooling, software records:

Fluence:

Pulse width:

Pulse delay:

Repetition rate:

Spot sizes:

Laser device

Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes that can be treated. Wavelength

Treatment parameters available

Additional features, e.g. cooling, software records:

Fluence:

Pulse width:

Pulse delay:

Repetition rate:

Spot sizes:


15

Step 4 Use the control panelThe control panel of the device may include the emergency cut off switch, the key switch to turn the device on and off and the liquid crystal display (software interface) that shows the device set-tings and requires you to input client information.

The following are typical screens that you may see. Each device has a different software interface and it is important that you are familiar with the device that you use.

For this device you turn it on and the device will undergo a system diagnostic program.

1. Select the language you want to work in

2. Select the therapy you will be using, in this case, hair reduction

3. Select the client characteristics from the following interface:

Note: Parameter settings are recommended by the device under simple mode operation. The only adjustments you can make are to the energy level.

To have full flexibility in setting parameters you can select “Professional” mode, however this is recommended for experienced operators only.

Acknowledgement: Thank you to Wear Nothing for the use of the screen shots from their Spectrum 2000 Professional

IPL system


16

4. Treatment mode and parameter setting window is displayed

A

D

F

E

B

C

A = IPL power outputB = Treatment counterC = Parameter settings including number of pulses, pulse width, repeat pulse width, pulse delay

between pulses, pulse interval time which is the resting phase between pulses intervalsD = Temperature adjustment window –allows adjustment of cooling in hand-piece tipE = System information showing water level, water temperature, capactior charging and hand-

piece simmer status.F = Ready to prepare for treatment or standby to rest the system

Acknowledgement: Thank you to Wear Nothing for the use of the screen shots from their Spectrum 2000 Professional

IPL system

5. Select ready to commence the treatment


17


Select an IPL device and a laser device you will use in training. Draw below the software panels that you use with each device and list the type of input needed. How does this input affect the treatment parameters that the device suggests you use?

Laser Device:

Control panel.

IPL Device:

Control panel.

Discuss your results with your trainer or supervisor.


18

Section Review QuestionsUse the following questions to review your knowledge of this section and to prepare for assess-ment.

1. What are the three types of controls that you use to manage the use of lases and IPLs?

2. Describe Quality Assurance (QA) in a hair reduction clinic.

3. List eight different types of checklists are used with lasers and IPLs for hair reduction treatments.

4. What is cross-infection?

5. What are three ways you can control cross-infection in a laser or IPL hair reduction clinic?

6. List the wavelengths for IPL, alexandrite, ruby, diode and Nd:Yag laser.

7. Why is the Ruby laser not used commonly today for hair removal?

8. What are the advantages associated with the use of each type of IPL or laser hair reduction device?

9. What are the disadvantages associated with the use of each type of IPL or laser hair reduction device?

10. List the procedure for using the control panel on the device you will use in training.

MASERs (Microwave Applification by Stimulated emission of Radiation) where the first developments that used Einstein’s mathematical calculations.

These were developed in 1958 but never proved popular.

You have now completed the section on preparing the treatment area and the device for hair reduction treatments. In this you were required to integrate information from SIBBHRS705A Apply intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols and HLTIN402B Maintain infection control standards in office practice settings.

NEXT: In the next section you will cover a typical treatment procedure, how to use a grid to con-trol the treatment process and what affect ethnic background can have on treatment outcomes.


19

Section B: Apply intense pulsed light or laser treatmentsAfter you have completed the consultation and the patch test procedure described in SIBB-HRS706A Design intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments, the client has returned to you for the first treatment. In this section you will cover how to review the client information you have up to now, what further information to collect and how you proceed safely with a treatment. Selecting treatment parameters for different ethnic skin types will also be discussed.

Step 1 Treatment procedure

Step 2 Treat clients from different ethnic backgrounds

Recall treatment procedures that you have used in the past to guide you in the use of technology.

How do those procedures compare with treatment protocols that you have to use when employing lasers or intense pulsed light for hair reduction treatments?


20

Step 1 Treatment procedureTo date you have completed a full client consultation, obtained informed consent and performed a test patch on the treatment area. This process was comprehensive and you have probably spent around 1 hour with the client already. The client has observed the specified wait period and has returned to you for the first treatment.

At the beginning of your work session you would have retrieved the records of the clients who you will be working on that day. Review the client consultation card, the informed consent form and the treatment record from the patch test. Make sure that all information has been collected and is legibly recorded; the informed consent form is signed and make a note of any questions you may wish to clarify with the client.

The room is set up according to the Australian standard, the workplace procedures and manufac-turer’s instructions to provide a safe working environment for you and the client. Daily checklists have been completed and laser and IPL signs have been displayed according to the clinic’s stand-ard operating procedures. The laser or IPL device has been tested and is working correctly.

Treatment procedure:

1. Welcome client and confirm that she/he has had no sun or solaria exposure and is not using tanning products in treatment area. Ask client to confirm that medication details have not changed since the last treatment and have client sign treatment record attesting to these details.

For example: Sun exposure: I confirm that I have not had sun or solaria exposure without protection in the treatment area for the last six weeks. I confirm that my medical status and medications have not changed. I do not have tanning products in the treatment area. I consent to treatment today.Client Name: Date:

Refer to sample treatment record.

2. Ask client to undress as necessary and to get on treatment couch.

Leave area to allow the client privacy. Supply towels to cover client or treatment gown as appropriate.

3. Fill in pre-treatment checklist. See sample treatment record below.

4. Cleanse wave guide. Use 70% isopropyl alcohol and make sure it has totally evaporated as it is flammable. You can also use a non-alcohol cleansing product.

5. Turn on intense pulsed light or laser machine. Ensure that you have correct filter (IPL) installed in hand piece or the correct applicator (laser). Some lasers can take as long as 20 minutes to charge up – in this case the device needs to be turned on earlier but be in stand-by mode

According to manufacturer’s instructions and to the treatment parameters that are suitable for this client.

6. Cleanse treatment area. Use disposable, single use, 70% isopropyl wipe in the case of IPL and non-alcohol cleaning product in the case of Laser.


21

7. Mark out treatment area. Use white or pink highlighter. Do not use any other colour as it may act as a chromophore. Burns or ineffective treatment could result.

8. Photograph treatment area

9. Shave treatment area and remove all shaved hairs.

Use a lint roller with single use, disposable layer or adhesive tape. Cut and remove hair so that the power of the light is not distracted at the epidermis and you get full power down to the bottom of the hair follicle. Additionally there is no absorption of light by hair fragments which could result in burning at the surface of the skin.This step is also an important Occupational Health and Safety step as you do not get plume from the burnt hair.

10. Cool skin Some systems have built in cooling or you may use ice packs. Essential for darker skin types.

11. Apply a small quantity of conductive gel using a single use applicator. Cover only one marked out section of the treatment area.

Used in IPL treatments and according to manufacturer’s instructions.

12. Afix, white, single use wipes (e.g.Fibrella) to the perimeters of the treatment area.

These wipes will stick easily to the conductive gel.

13. All people in treatment room must now put on their protective eye-wear.

14. Set treatment parameters into control panel.

According to manufacturer’s instructions, recorded settings from previous treatment and client’s response to test patches.

15. Place hand piece or applicator on skin.

Application of pressure to the skin deforms the dermis and decreases the distance between the applicator and the deeper follicular structures. Additionally, the pressure blanches the underlying blood vessels, minimizing laser energy absorption by haemoglobin.

16. Do a test pulse This is to confirm that client can tolerate the treatment settings. As you work you will use the client’s skin reaction to modify the treatment parameters. Additionally it is advisable to perform a test patch on a small area at higher fluences so that you can use this information to inform treatment parameters at the next appointment.


22

17. Following a well-defined pattern apply pulses over treatment grid.

Overlap by no more than 10% or as recommended by manufacturer. You will be able to see the imprint of the applicator in the treatment gel in the case of IPL.When you get to the end of one line of pulses move the fibrella to cover the completed section.

18. When you complete one section of the grid remove gel and surrounding fibrella.

Using highlighter tick the completed section of the grid. On large areas this helps to remind you of completed areas and is an easy way of keeping track of the treatment procedure.

19. Using cooled conductive gel apply to next section of the treatment grid and apply fibrella to the outer edges of the section.

Repeat procedure as per previous grid section.

20. Wipe applicator with solution recommended by manufacturer.

21. Commence the next section and repeat process until all sections are completed.

22. Put device into standby mode.

23. Remove client safety glasses.

24. At the completion of all sections wipe entire area with antiseptic lotion and apply soothing cream or lotion.

25. Photograph treated area

26. Apply sun block if the area is exposed site.

27. Remind client about sun exposure and after care instructions.

No sun or solaria exposure for six weeks after treatment and six weeks before next appointment. Remind client about possible skin reactions and ensure that she/he has written after care instructions.

28. Fill in post treatment checklist.

29. Book in client for next appointment.

The handpiece can be accidentally triggered as you move from area to area on the client, or when you put the handpiece in the cradle between treating sections of the treatment grid. Always en-sure that the hand piece is facing towards the ground to minimise the risk of damage should it be accidentally triggered.


23

Toge

ther

with

the

daily

che

cklis

t, th

is pa

rt o

f the

trea

tmen

t rec

ord

form

s the

pre

-tre

atm

ent c

heck

list.

Trea

tmen

t rec

ord

Pre-

trea

tmen

t che

cklis

t

DateName

Fitzpatrick skin prototype Area to be treated

Old tan in treatment area? Yes No

Tanning products in treatment area? Yes No

Photo taken pre treatment Yes No

Safety glasses Client Technician others in room

Laser/IPL safety signs on treatment room door

Laser/IPL machine used

Hair thickness Thin Medium Thick

Hair colour

Filter/applicator

Melanin reading

Skin site preparation with

I II III IV V VI

Sun exposure: I con�rm that I have not had sun or solaria exposure without protection in the treatment area for the last six weeks. I con�rm that my medical status and medications have not changed. I do not have tanning products in the treatment area. I consent to treatment today.

Joules/cm2

Cooling used

Pulse pattern/pulse width

Number of shots

Spot size (Laser)

Comments

Skin reaction

Photo Yes No

Yes No Yes No Yes No

Yes No Yes No

Yes No Yes No Yes No

Yes No

Cold pack/iceSoothing productsSunblock

MakeupVerbal instructionsWritten instructions

Post treatment actions/observations:

Equipment shut down:

Client signature:

Stand by Cleaned Turned o� and key returned to safe storage

Technician signature:


24

Standard and immediate adverse treatment reactions

Standard treatment skin reactions – include slight Perifollicular oedema and erythema and the skin area may change from bristly to smooth. It is not necessary to produce these reactions for the treatment to be effective, however most client’s skin will react to the treatment.

Adverse treatment reactions – include excessive Perifollicular oedema and erythema. If this occurs during the treatment then you must lower treatment fluences. If this observed after treat-ment then cooling packs and soothing topical agents should be applied. The home care advice must be stressed as any excessive oedema or erythema can result in pigmentary changes if the client exposes the area to the sun or solaria.

Planning order of treatment

Planning the order of the treatment is important so that you do not overtreat one area and not treat another. This is equally important in treating large and small areas.

One way that therapists ensure they treat the area methodically is to grid the area using a white or pink highlighter. The following is provided as a sample using the back of a client.

18

29

310

411

512

613

714

Note that the area is the one agreed upon by you and the client at the initial consultation. The treatment of the back in this case does not include treatment of the back of the neck or the back of the arms. The tick is recommended as you complete each area.

An order of work is recommended to be adopted and in the previous diagram it is indicated by the numbers 1 to 14. With this client the first area to be treated is the lower back as this is the most sensitive area. The operator will work from the outside area of the grid to the middle of the back and from bottom to top. The next area of treatment will be the corresponding section on the other side.


25

The grid lines should follow the natural contours of the body and allow you to place the applica-tor flat onto the skin. For example, when completing the grid on the bikini line you would use the femoral ridge as a natural line to mark along.

If you have a pattern of work then it will assist you to work methodically and ensure that you do not miss a section or double treat an area. Some therapists count down with each pulse, as this allows the client to anticipate the pulse.

Learning activity B1.1

Using a fellow student or a colleague mark out the following treatment areas. When you have completed each section ask your trainer or workplace supervisor for feedback. Record the feed-back in the table below and make a note about what you need to improve:

Treatment area Comment from trainer or supervisor

Underarm

Chest

Bikini

Upper leg

Lower Leg

Back

Upper arm

Lower arms

Use feedback from your trainer or supervisor to improve your marking up technique.


26

Step 2 Treat clients from different ethnic backgroundTo get effective hair removal you firstly select in the ideal candidates for treatment and select out those clients who do not meet the criteria for treatment, which was covered in Section A in SIB-BHRS706A Design intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments.

One of the factors that you need to take into consideration is the ethnic background of the cli-ent and how this affects the treatment outcome. You have previously covered contraindications, Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype, how the client responds to sun exposure and degree of tan. In this mix ethnic background was considered as a way of confirming Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype and assess-ing risk of adverse reactions.

In this step we will look at the typical responses of an individual from a particular ethnic group to laser or intense pulsed light treatments.

The difference between skin of different ethnic groups is the subject of ongoing research. Some of the differences that have been noted are the different responses to sun exposure, healing and ageing characteristics, different electrical resistance and desquamation rates. This is apart from the obvious difference in the quantity of melanin. However the number of melanocytes in the skin is roughly equal across all ethnic groupings.

Fitzpatrick classified skin according to the reaction to ultra violet light in the Caucasian popula-tion. However, it is obvious that someone with a Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype of I or II may have genetic origins of skin from groups drawn from the other skin types. This may cause them to heal differently, respond to skin trauma differently and to have pigmentary skin changes that were not expected.

All these characteristics have implications for laser and IPL treatments. Some of the observed reac-tions are listed below:

Caucasian European

This has the most varied sky type, hair and eye colour. It can vary from very light, for example Nor-wegians, to darker, for example French. The effectiveness of laser and intense pulsed light on these individuals depends on hair and skin colour. If the hair to be treated is light then other hair remov-al options should be considered, however if the hair is dark then the results will be very good.

African Descent

Melanosomes in black skins are more in number compared to a white skin. The distribution is also different as they are present throughout the entire epidermis including the stratum basale, granu-losum, lucidum and corneum. The melanosomes are larger, more dispersed and contain more melanin than those in a white skin.

Black hair is more heavily pigmented compared to hair in people with white skins. The majority of black clients will have spiral shaped hair and follicles. Hair density and the total number of terminal hair follicles is lower in clients with black skin compared to those with white skin.

The dermis of black skin contains larger and more fibroblasts than that of white skin. Collagen bundles are smaller and more tightly stacked in black skin. This may account for the propensity to keloid scarring in this ethnic group.

Individuals with dark brown or black skin are poor candidates for laser hair removal because the light absorbs easily into the epidermal melanin. The intense concentration of melanin in the skin


27

draws the light away from its target area. If a significant amount of this energy is absorbed by the melanin in the epidermis then blistering and crusting will occur, followed by scarring and dyspig-mentation.

Continuing development of lasers and intense pulsed light sources will lead to development of devices capable of treating these individuals for permanent hair reduction. Most manufacturers and insurance policies will exclude treatment of this Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype by non-medical practitioners.

Asian

This group has wide variations, perhaps as wide as the Caucasian group. It includes people from China, India, Japan, Korea and South-east Asia. There is a high risk of pigmentary changes and scar-ring following procedures that produce inflammation. This means that you need to proceed with a degree of caution.

Some Asian skin is more pigmented than Caucasian and this can lead to epidermal melanin inter-fering with light intended for the hair follicle. It has been observed that alterations in pigmentation may not be apparent for several months after treatment, therefore test patches and long term follow up is important with this group.

Asians are also far more likely than Caucasians to develop keloids. In addition they are more likely to have prolonged redness during scar maturation.

Middle Eastern and Mediteranean

This group tends to have the darkest and coarsest hair on the face and body. Skin colour can vary from white to medium brown. Those with lighter skin and dark hair make ideal candidates for laser or intense pulsed light hair removal.

Some clients will use skin-bleaching agents to lighten skin as much as possible prior to treatment. This has the effect of reducing the risk of burning the skin and making the treatment more effec-tive. There is an increased risk of hyperpigmentation with this group.

Treatment parameters and the treatment of darker skinned individuals.

Wavelength, pulse duration, fluence and epidermal cooling methods need to be taken into ac-count.

The Alexandrite, diode and Nd:YAG as well as intense pulsed light operating at longer wave-lengths, together with increased pulse durations and epidermal cooling can be used to treat some of these clients. The Ruby laser is not considered a device that should be used on these skin types.

Test patches, using the lowest effective fluence initially, avoiding overlapping and ensuring epider-mal cooling are all steps you should pay attention to when treating these individuals.


28

Learning activity B2.1

Enquire at your Registered Training Organisation as to the type of client you cannot treat using intense pulsed light or lasers for hair reduction treatments. This may be because the treatment is not effective or because insurance policies do not cover the treatment risk. List the restrictions on treatments below:

Clients that cannot be treated using intense pulsed light or laser for hair reduction.

List here the reasons these clients cannot be treated.

Discuss your findings with your trainer or supervisor.


29


1. List the steps that must be performed before you can proceed with a treatment.

2. List the precautions you must take when you set up a room for laser or intense pulsed light treatments.

3. Describe the standard and immediate adverse treatment reactions you might expect when providing an intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatment.

4. How does ‘gridding’ a treatment area contribute to treatment effectiveness?

5. List the main treatment concerns with clients who have African, Asian, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean ethnic backgrounds.

6. List the types of clients that are contraindicated for intense pulsed light or laser hair reduction treatments.

7. List the treatment parameters that you can alter so that intense pulsed light or laser hair reduction treatments can be more effective on clients.

8. Why is it important not to overlap treatment applications?

9. Why is it important not to miss a part of the treatment area?

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a universal response of the skin, but it is more common in pigmented, darker skin. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation can be caused

by any inflammatory process of the skin; however, it is more apparent in photo-induced dermatoses and more common in darker skins. It can take between 6 to 12 months to resolve.

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1069191-treatment

You have now completed the section on how to provide a laser or intense pulsed light treatment for hair reduction. In this section you covered the treatment procedure, how to mark out a treat-ment grid and some of the different skin reactions of clients from different ethnic backgrounds.

NEXT: In the next section you will cover post treatment care and the importance of giving your client clear and explicit home care advice.


30

Section C: Provide post treatment care and adviceIn this section you will look at the final stages of the treatment which includes gaining the client’s compliance with the home care recommendations. It also includes a short section of complica-tions or adverse effects.

Step 1 Post treatment care

Step 2 Complications or adverse effects

Recall a treatment that resulted in an adverse effect for a client.

Was this a transient effect or a long term effect?

What protocols were in place for you to deal with the client so that the issue was resolved effectively?

What effect did the adverse result have on the therapist?


31

Step 1 Post treatment careStandard Operating Procedures (SOP) will cover the items to be discussed when considering post treatment care. These will be verbal instructions to the client and will also be written. In Step 3, Section C of SIBBHRS706A Design intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments you covered post treatment care in detail and designed post treatment written instructions for your client. It is time to review those instructions now. Note that the sample treatment card includes a post treat-ment section that the therapist must complete and the client should sign, confirming the post treatment procedure has been carried out.

It is recommended that the client has a schedule of between six to eight treatments to treat the hair. After this most hair should be significantly reduced and a maintenance schedule is more ap-propriate.

The face should be treated at monthly intervals. It is most likely that the client has been plucking or waxing this area and is probably unable to stop this type of treatment four to six weeks prior to the intense pulsed light or laser treatment. In this case previously plucked or waxed hairs will be emerging over eight to twelve weeks after treatment. However, once all previously treated hairs have been treated with intense pulsed light or laser then the hair growing stages will fall into a more normal growing pattern.

Underarms and bikini are best treated every four to six weeks. Clients should cease all temporary hair removal practices six weeks before the first treatment. They may, however, shave the area. Legs, back and check can be treated every four, six or eight weeks as these areas have slower hair growth cycles.

Clients with abnormal hair growth will be more difficult to treat. More initial treatments and a more rigorous maintenance phase will be necessary. These clients will not achieve the results that other clients can achieve unless there is resolution of the underlying medical condition.


32

Step 2 Complications or adverse effectsComplications can occur with any IPL or laser hair reduction system. Darker skin types are associ-ated with higher risk of complications. Scarring and pigmentation changes are the most likely complication. Longer wavelengths and longer pulse duration are associated with a lower risk of adverse effects.

Some insurance policies will restrict the Fitzpatrick Skin phototypes that a clinic can treat. This will then need to be included in the SOPs.

Hypopigmentation – this may occur in 10%-17% of clients1. However the majority of this will be transient. The exact cause is unresolved at this time. Some research indicates that it may be at-tributable to the suppression of melanin synthesis where tyrosinase enzymatic activity is blocked. Permanent loss of pigmentation is rare. However, hypopigmentation is a possibility and the client must be warned of this. Their role in protecting the skin from sun exposure following treatment is important in preventing this. Correct technique on your part will minimise the risk of hypopig-mentation but not eliminate it.

Hyperpigmentation – the reasons for this are also obscure. Transient hyperpigmentation occurs in about 14 – 25% of laser hair reduction patients.2 This will resolve after 3-4 weeks. However there is a risk of permanent hyperpigmentation on dark-skinned and darkly tanned clients after there has been blistering as a result of laser or IPL treatment. This can result in permanent hyperpigmen-tation.

Tanned skin is at greater risk of long term hypo or hyper pigmentation.

Blistering –may occur in 10-15% of clients and is caused by thermal damage. There is evidence of destruction of the epidermis in histological studies.

Scarring and textural changes – collagen and elastin networks in the dermis appear normal after laser and IPL hair reduction treatments. This supports the evidence that scar formation rarely occur if the laser or IPL treatment is performed correctly. However, the likelyhood that it will occur increases with aggressive treatment regimes, inadequate cooling and post treatment infection.

Clients should be asked how they typically react to burns or injury to the skin. This will provide you with some information on how their skin may react to laser or IPL hair reduction treatment.

Paradoxical increase in hair growth – whilst this is a rare side effect of treatment it has occurred. The studies that have been done have focussed on those clients undergoing hormonal treat-ments. This effect tends to be in clients with a Fitzpatrick phototype of III or higher. The growth appears anywhere between 4 to 20 months after treatment. The increased hair growth has been observed in sites adjacent to the treatment site. The causes are unknown but it is thought that these areas receive enough light to heat the area and stimulate growth but not enough light to denature protein and so destroy the follicle.

Usual reactions – the consequences of treatment are skin reactions you would expect to see af-ter a laser or IPL treatment. These will occur on most clients. You can expect to see some erythema and oedema that can appear immediately or after the treatment and last from a few hours to a few days. Perifollicular oedema is associated with longer wavelengths and this will become appar-ent a few hours after treatment and can take a few days to resolve. Clients will not necessarily get these reactions and if they do not it does not mean that the treatment has not worked.

1 Goldberg D J (2008) Laser Hair Removal, United Kingdom, Informa. p185

2 Goldberg D J (2008) Laser Hair Removal, United Kingdom, Informa. P188


33

The last piece of information you need in this section is some knowledge of how the different Fitzpatrick phototypes typically react to IPL and laser hair reduction treatments. The technology is constantly evolving and there are, at the time of writing, developments that may see the success-ful treatment of grey hair. For this reason you need to stay current with the latest research in the field. Refer to SIBBRES702A Investigate developments in cosmetic treatments using light or laser systems for more information on how to stay abreast of the latest developments in the field.

The reactions can range from intended to poor to adverse. See table below for more information:

Fitzpatrick skin phototype

Considerations when performing laser hair removal Possible adverse effects

I Lack of contrast between hair and skin which may make the client a weak candidate for IPL or laser hair removal. However, laser and IPL treatments are very safe.

Burns, blisters

II Good candidates for laser and IPL hair removal Burns, blisters

III Good candidates for laser and IPL hair removal Burns, blisters

IV Good candidates for laser and IPL hair removal,

but needs an experienced practitioner

Burns, blisters, pigmentation

changes, keloid

V Not good candidates as there is little contrast

between hair and skin colour. Experienced

practitioners using YAG lasers can get results.

Very experienced IPL users can get results.


changes, keloid

VI Not good candidates as there is little contrast

between hair and skin colour. Do not treat


changes, keloid

Client incident reportThese are part of the documentation that must be kept as a part of the RSPP (Radiation Safety Protection Plan). The procedure for documenting an incident was covered in Step 3, Section C of SIBBHRS705A Apply intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols. If the incident involves a malfunc-tion of the device then a warning sign must be placed on the device and it must be removed from use until it can be fixed. The Laser or IPL Safety Officer must be notified. The other records that they may review are the daily start up checks and the daily treatment record for the device.

If there is an incident which results in damage to the client then it must be recorded. In States or Territories this will be required to be reported to the State regulatory authorities. Insurance com-panies will also have a standard procedure for reporting incidents. All of these requirements will be incorporated into the incident report format. The standard form should be completed accord-ing the clinic’s SOPs. The form should be provided to the Laser or IPL Safety Officer. The following is an example of client incident report.


34

Date:

Date:

Client name or ID number:

Description of event:

Room # in which incident occured:

Technician name:

Device involved

Client Incident Report

Adress of premises:

Action taken:

Further action required:

Signature of sta� member:

Date:

Signature of LSO/IPLSO

Action completed/resolved:


35

Client phones in with a complaint

The following is a suggested approach to this event. The person taking the call may not be the laser technician however, wherever possible they should try to get the laser technician to talk with the client.

• The first step is to remain calm and try to calm the client

• Get some information on what has occurred, for example, what are the symptoms, when did they emerge, how long has the client had them, has she followed the written and verbal post treatment steps?

• Give phone advice on simple steps to reduce the symptoms, for example, do not go out in the sun, cover the area with a clean gauze

• Insist that the client comes into the clinic for assessment

• View treatment area and ask questions about the possible cause

• Take photos

• Write an incident report (include all contact with the client, including phone calls and visits)

• Give advice/recommend treatment if appropriate

• Send to Dr for further treatment if necessary

• Follow up with client until everything is settled.

Most insurance companies will have specific instructions about advising them of any incidents that occur that may lead to an insurance claim.

Established clinics will work closely with local doctors or may have a doctor that visits the clinic to screen some clients before treatment. The relationship with the medical profession is important to a professional hair removal clinic and forms part of your professional network. This network will be a source of advice and discussion about aspects of your work and be a source of referrals in both directions. The network is one that is built up over time and it is better for your practice if the con-tact with the doctor is not made in circumstances where the client has had an adverse reaction. If the doctor is aware of the standard of your work, your rigorous safety standards, your training and qualifications, your ongoing professional development and your approach to client care, they will be less likely to jump to hasty conclusions. Whilst the nature of the work of beauty therapists has changed over the years you will be aware that some work in the industry with little training and with little or no safety standards. Approaching the local doctors and briefing them on your cre-dentials is an important part of professional practice. If your client requires a medical opinion on a procedure or advice if there has been an adverse reaction then you have a doctor available who knows your level of work but can still give the client independent medical advice.


36


1. List the topics of post treatment care that you must cover with the client after the first treatment.

2. List the major complications or adverse effects that can occur after an intense pulsed light or laser hair reduction treatment.

3. Describe the process you would go through to report an incident which resulted in an adverse effect on a client.

4. Describe the process you would go through when dealing with a client complaint via the telephone.

5. List the initial treatment intervals for the face, underarm, bikini, chest, back and legs.

6. Describe the process of melanin production in the skin and why this is important when considering post treatment care for the client.

Recent developments of laser and intense pulsed light technology for hair reduction treatments have seen the devices combined with radio-frequency, the combination of light

energy and pneumatic energy (where the skin is drawn up into the hand piece) and the development of small portable devices that can be used by the client at home.

Congratulations you have now completed all the sections of SIBBHRS707A Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments. You were required to integrate your knowledge of intense pulsed light and laser safety protocols, the factors to consider in designing a hair reduction treat-ment and how to maintain infection control standards.


37

AssessmentTo demonstrate competency in this unit you will be asked to consistently demonstrate over a pe-riod of time, hair removal procedures using IPL and laser devices in accordance with the elements of competency. Your assessment must be valid, relevant, reliable and fair

Who you will be assessed by:

The assessor will be from a Registered Training Organisation or could be a technical expert work-ing in conjunction with that assessor.

Where you will be assessed:

You will be assessed in a fully equipped laser or IPL hair reduction clinical workplace or in a simu-lated workplace environment. This may include client interruptions and your involvement in other typical clinic activities.

How you will be assessed:

Assessment methods will include direct observation of hair removal services on more than one occasion and client, and you will be expected to handle a range of contingencies.

You will be expected to answer questions verbally or in a written format. The written format can be in the form of a test or you may be required to complete workplace documentation, case stud-ies and portfolios of evidence.

Third party reports and completion of clinical practice, including personal reflection journals and feedback from the trainer.

Holistic assessment with other units may be undertaken.

What you will be assessed on:

• Applying detailed IPL and laser specialised knowledge to consult, advise and reassure clients at all stages in treatment and to provide pre- and post-treatment guidance.

• Correctly using required equipment along with implementation of safe practice protocols in relation to treatment plan.

• Adjusting treatment programs and modifying treatment plans for IPL and laser hair reduction where required.

• Completing and storing treatment documentation.

Negotiating assessment:

The assessor will inform you of the timing and location of your assessment. If you feel you are not yet ready for assessment, discuss this with your trainer or supervisor. If you would like to be as-sessed early you should similarly discuss this with your trainer or supervisor.

Further details of assessment requirements are available in the Evidence Guide of SIBBHRS707A Provide intense pulsed light and laser hair reduction treatments.


38

GlossaryAcquired A condition that develops after birth.

Adverse effect A harmful and undesired effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery.

Anagen The hair growth stage that is active and sees the laying down of pigment.

Androgen Male sex hormones that are also the precursor to oestrogens.

Apoptosis Controlled destruction of cells.

Catagen The hair stage which involves the apoptosis of follicular cells and the cessation of hair growth.

Chromophore Part of a molecule that is responsible for its colour.

Club hair Hair in the telogen phase. The base of the hair has become keratinised.

Congenital Present at birth.

Endogenous Within or produced by the body.

Erythema Redness of the skin.

Eumelanin Brownish/black melanin.

Exogenous Produced outside the body.

Folliculitis Inflammation of the hair follicle.

Hirsutism Excess hair growth in androgen dependent sites on females only.

Hyperpigmentation Dark marks on the skin. Maybe transient or permanent.

Hypertrichosis Excess hair growth on males or females and found on any body site.

Hypopigmentation Loss of skin pigment.

Informed Consent Consent of the client to undertake the treatment after all the risks associated with the procedure have been fully explained.

Melanin A pigment that gives skin and hair its colour.

Oedema Swelling of the tissue due to water retention.

Perifollicular Around the follicle

Pheomelanin Red melanin.

Photosensitising A substance which makes the skin more likely to react to light exposure with pigmentatory changes or allergic reactions.

Pilosebaceous unit The structure in the skin that contains the hair follicle including the hair sheath and the hair shaft, the sebaceous gland and in some areas the apocrine gland.

Q.A. Quality Assurance

S.O.P. Standard Operating Procedures – written procedures that tell the operators in the salon the steps they must follow when conducting any procedure.

Telogen Resting phase of hair cycle.

Topical Applied to the skin.


39

Suggested answersLearning activity A1.2

Steps you can take to minimise risk of cross infection.

• Use disposable, single use instruments as much as possible.

• Wash your hands before and after working on a client, before working on the next client and if you are interrupted during a service, when you resume the service.

• Use clean disposable gloves

• Cover any wounds on you or the client with a waterproof dressing that completely covers the affected area.

• Use disposable or single use equipment where possible. For example, single use razors are used on the client.

• Use equipment that has been properly cleaned and disinfected or if necessary, sterilised.

• Keep the premises in a clean condition, regularly cleaning surfaces, chairs, tables and floors.

• Handle and dispose of sharps correctly.

• Liquid soap and single use paper towels should be used for hand washing.

• Linen that has come into contact with the client’s skin should be changed after each client and laundered according to the State or Territory guidelines.

• Waste should be disposed of in accordance with your State or Territory guidelines. Make sure you dispose of waste directly into the proper bin; never leave used tissues, cotton wool, clipped or other waste on the treatment preparation area or trolley.

• Use pump dispensers for liquid products. If this is not possible a new spatula can be used to remove cream from a jar. Never reuse the spatula and never use your fingers to remove cream from the jar.

• Keep accurate records of all treatments and services with the date and time recorded.

• Immunisation against Heptatis B is recommended. You need to consult your personal doctor about this option.

Follow the workplace procedure for the cleaning and disinfection of tools and equipment and never mix clean and unclean instruments.

Correct hand washing technique:

Once the client has arrived in the service area you need to wash your hands. The spread of infec-tion from hands has been recognised as the single most important factor in preventing infection (after cleaning and sterilising equipment) and cannot be overstated. Unbroken skin is the best defence because it provides the perfect barrier against infection. The purpose of washing hands is to reduce any micro-organisms that may be present. Unless the fingernails are visibly dirty, a nailbrush should not be used because it may cause breaks in the skin during vigorous brushing. Obvious dirt under the nails must be removed.


40

First, wet hands with warm running water, use liquid soap (one pump measure is sufficient), then rub hands vigorously for a minimum of 15 seconds. Look at the diagram and be sure to wash your hands all over including

• backs of hands

• wrists

• between fingers

• under fingernails.

Rinse hands well after washing is complete and pat dry hands thoroughly using single use paper towel. Good hand-washing facilities are essential and should be located within the service area in view of the client. Liquid soap dispensers using single-use cassettes are recommended, because they do not permit a topping-up process and they minimise the risk of contamination. Wash your hands

• before and after contact with each client

• after contact with blood or body fluids

• after using a tissue or handkerchief

• after smoking

• after going to the toilet

• before and after eating

• after answering the phone or touching any potentially contaminated objects, and before returning to a client.

Step 1Wet hands and wrists, applying soap

Step 2Right palm over left, left over right

Step 3Palm to palm, �ngers interlaced

Step 4Gently clasp �ngers and swivel hands

Step 5Clasp right thumb in left hand and swivel right hand, then change hands

Step 6With tops of �ngers and thumb, rub right hand in left palm, then change hands

Correct hand-washing technique


41

For basic services plain liquid soap is suitable. If you are doing skin penetration procedures then you must use one of the following antibacterial soap solutions:

• aqueous 2% chlorhexidine-based solution

• aqueous 4% chlorhexidine-based solution

• aqueous povidone-iodine

• triclosan 2% solution (for people with an allergy to the chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine solutions)

Small areas of broken or infected skin on exposed parts of the operator’s body or the treatment area of the client’s hands or feet, should be covered with a waterproof dressing that completely covers the affected area. If a cut or abrasion is on the hands, then single-use gloves should be worn during all procedures.

sibbhrs707a learner guide

Documents

national skills councils

student undertaking

views of national wraps

service skills australia

cerning beauty

beauty industry

behalf of national wraps

use of students