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SHANGHAI CONFERENCE JULY 2005
Siegfried Zhiqiang WuTongji University
Designing the city: Lessons from hyper-growth
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Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
WHATWHAT is Hyperis Hyper--Growth?Growth?
WHYWHY does Hyperdoes Hyper--Growth take place?Growth take place?
Lesson from Shanghai:Lesson from Shanghai:HOWHOW to design Cities with Hyperto design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
Insight to evaluate the Issues:
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?
Population of Shanghai
10.82 Million11.86 Million
13.34 Million
16.74 Million
1964 1982 1990 2000 2005
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?
GDP/capita of Shanghai (USD)GDP/capita of Shanghai (USD)
1952
1977
1993
1997
2000
2003
$125
$1000
$2000
$3000
$4000
$5000
$60002005
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?Comparison with New York / London / ParisComparison with New York / London / Paris
Shanghai
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?Comparison with New York / London / ParisComparison with New York / London / Paris
Shanghai
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?
Hyper-Growth refers not only to a population’s growth,
but its changing structural composition as well
Floating populationFloating population’’s increase in Shanghais increase in Shanghai
0.6Million
3.87Million
1984 2000
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
What has been ShanghaiWhat has been Shanghai’’s Hypers Hyper--Growth ?Growth ?
The same applies to industrial Hyper-Growth.
50.248(43.8)1.8Shanghai(2000)
31.963.8(59.1)4.3Shanghai (1990)
21.175.7(74)3.2Shanghai(1980)
6533 (19)2High Income countries (average)
5735(22)7Upper-middle income countries (average)
523612Lower-middle income countries (average)
3841(29)21Low Income countries (average)
6134(20)5World (average)
TertiaryIndustry
Second Industry (Inc. Manufacturing)
PrimaryIndustry
change of industrial ratios in Shanghai (change of industrial ratios in Shanghai (%%) )
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Why has this HyperWhy has this Hyper--Growth taken place?Growth taken place?
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1949 1954 1959 1964 1969 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004
ChinaChina’’s Urbanization (s Urbanization (%%) )
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Why has this HyperWhy has this Hyper--Growth taken place?Growth taken place?
After 50 years of oppression, ShanghaiAfter 50 years of oppression, Shanghai’’s s growing impetus suddenly growing impetus suddenly bursts outbursts out !!
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design cities with HyperHow to design cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
From an architectural standpoint, it means
1. D1. Different styles are being adopted simultaneously:
• Europeanism
• Classicism
• Modernism
• Post-Modernism
What has HyperWhat has Hyper--Growth meant to Shanghai? Growth meant to Shanghai?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design cities with HyperHow to design cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• The city will be shaped by the work of foreign architects
Ex. AdministrativeEx. Administrative--cultural center of cultural center of New New PudongPudong DistrictDistrict
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--growth mean to planners? (Contd.) growth mean to planners? (Contd.)
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Administrative building Administrative building –– Japanese architectJapanese architect
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Science and Technology Museum - American architect
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Century Avenue – French architect
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
Century Park – British planner
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
*All integrated
Integration of Space
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
Integration of ProcessDongfang Road
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--Growth mean to planners? Growth mean to planners?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• Knowledge Accumulation
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--growth demand of Planners? growth demand of Planners?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• Select and abandon Projects to take on
What HyperWhat Hyper--growth demand of Planners? growth demand of Planners?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• Powerful team organization and coordination
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--growth demand of Planner? growth demand of Planner?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• Collecting experiences and lessons from foreign and domestic Planners
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--growth demand of Planners? growth demand of Planners?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?
• Careful treatment of historic culture
What does HyperWhat does Hyper--growth demand of Planners? growth demand of Planners?
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
• Hyper-Growth city design does not mean designing human-settlement on aHYPER scale… but:
• Hyper knowledge accumulation• Hyper criticism of urban problems• Hyper caution of historical heritage• “Hyper dimensional” consideration on
the future of Cities
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth
Designing the City Designing the City ———— Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth WU, Siegfried ZhiqiangZhiqiang
• It’s a extremely difficult task to design cities in hyper-growth, so we need…
Hyper Design• Design in a broader sense• Design at a fast speed• Design with strategy
How to design Cities with HyperHow to design Cities with Hyper--Growth?Growth?Lessons from HyperLessons from Hyper--GrowthGrowth