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NATIONAL PARKS

Many farsighted activities havebeen planned to repair the damages caused to theenvironment by human invasions. National parks areone among them. These parks are extensive forestswhich maintain the original beauty an complexity ofnature. Here human intentions like farming, plantationetc. strictly prohibited. Private holdings are also notpermitted in the national parks, which give opportunitiesfor all organism to live as part of nature, are the enrichedstorehouses of biological health. Eravikulam and Silentvalley are the National Parks in Kerala

:- is located in

the Nilgiri Hills, Palakkad District in Kerala, South India. The

park is one of the last undisturbed tracts of South Western

Ghats mountain rain forests and tropical moist evergreen

forest in India. Plans for a hydroelectric project that

threatened the parks high diversity of wildlife stimulated

an environmentalist Social Movement in the 1970s called Save

Silent Valley which resulted in cancellation of the project and

creation of the park in 1980. The visitors' Centre for the park

is at Sairandhri

Jim Corbett National Park: is the oldest national park in

India and was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park to protect

the endangered Bengal tiger. It is located in Nainital

district of Uttarakhand and was named after Jim Corbett. The park

was the first to come under the Project Tiger initiative. The park

has sub-Himalayan belt geographical and ecological characteristics.

As an ecotourism destination it contains 488 different species of

plants and a diverse variety of fauna. Corbett National Park

comprises 520.8 km2. area of hills, riverine belts, marshy

depressions, grass lands and large lake. Dense moist deciduous

forest mainly consists of sal, haldu, pipal, rohini and mango trees,

and these trees cover almost 73 per cent of the park. The 10 per

cent of the area consists of grasslands. It houses around 110 tree

species, 50 species of mammals, 580 bird species and 25 reptile

species.

Bandipur National Park :- established in 1974 as a tiger reserve

under Project Tiger, is a national park located in the south Indian state

of Karnataka. It was once a private hunting reserve for the Maharaja of the

Kingdom of Mysore. Bandipur is known for its wildlife and has many types

of biomes, but dry deciduous forest is dominant. The park spans an area of

874 square kilometers, protecting several species of India's endangered

wildlife. Together with the adjoining , Mudumalai National Park and Wayanad

Wildlife Sanctuary, it is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve totaling

making it the largest protected area in southern India. Bandipur is located

in Gundlupet taluq of Chamarajanagar district. It is about 80 kilometers

from the city of Mysore on the route to a major tourist destination

of Ooty. As a result, Bandipur sees a lot of tourist traffic and there are a lot

of wildlife fatalities caused by speeding vehicles that are reported each

year. There is a ban on traffic from the hours of dusk to dawn to help bring

down deaths of wildlife.

Bannerghatta National Park:

Near Bangalore, Karnataka, southern India,

was founded in 1971 and declared as a national park

in 1974. In 2002 a portion of the park, became a

biological reserve, the Bannerghatta Biological Park.

It is a popular tourist destination with a zoo, a pet

corner, an animal rescue center, a butterfly enclosure,

an aquarium, a snake house and a safari park. There

are ancient temples in the park for worship and it is a

destination for trekking. The Zoo Authority of

Karnataka, the University of Agricultural Sciences,

Bangalore, and the Ashoka Trust for Resea rch in

Ecology and Environment are collaborating

agencies. Within the national park area are six rural

villages enclosed within three large enclosures for

sheep and cattle farming.

Eravikulam National Park : Located along the Western

Ghats in the Idukki district of Kerala in India, between

10º05'N – 10º20'N latitude and 77º0'E – 77º10'E longitude.

It is the first and largest national park in kerala. Eravikulam

National Park is administered by the Kerala Department of

Forests and Wildlife, Munnar Wildlife Division, together

with the nearby Mathikettan Shola National Park, Anamudi

Shola National Park , Pambadum Shola National

Park, Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kurinjimala

Sanctuary. The Western Ghats , Anamalai Sub-Cluster,

including all of Eravikulam National Park, is under

consideration by the UNESCO World Heritage

Committee for selection as a World Heritage Site.

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