Silicon Based Performance Additives For Materials Formulation

Silicon Containing Polymers and Composites 2014

San Diego CA December 14-17

Presented by

Joseph Schwab

What is a Nanostructured® Chemical?

A Simple Definition – Defined Molecule – Polyhedral Geometries – Nanoscopic Size – Systematic Chemistries

POSS® is a Unique Family of Chemicals

HYBRID PROPERTIES

• Cage modulus 11.7 GPa • Refractive Index range 1.41-1.61

• Density range 0.97-1.65 g/mL

• Low Surface Energy 17.77 mJ/m2

• Dielectric value 2.4 - 2.6

• Surface area 3600 m2/g

• Glassifiable to SiO2

• Meltable and sublimable

• Solvent, monomer, polymer soluble

POSS® Systematic Chemistry

• Control over: – cage size – size distribution – topology – functionality (number & type) – stereochemistry

Polydisperse Cages (T8, T10, T12)

exo-exo endo-endo

Polymer and Coatings Chemistry Begins

Silanes Polysilsesquioxanes Silica Primary Feedstocks

Molecular Silicas

POSS™ Silanols

POSS™ Monomers

POSS Nanoreinforced Plastics

Materials Science

and Applications

a b c

d

e

f

g

Dispersion and Flow Aids

Surface Modification Nanostructured

Feedstocks

h

i

POSS® Manufacturing Process

Operations and Capabilities 15-Acre Production Site Providing Infrastructure

• POSS® manufactured on commercial scale

• Capacity expansion underway

• Capacity to meet today and tomorrow’s demand

• On-site customer adoption & support service

• Commercially adopted & strong customer pipeline - 1650 Customer Patents & 4500 Science Articles

• Website hits now exceeding 141,000/month from more than 50 countries

POSS® Safety and Manufacturing Process Safety

• Nontoxic • Does not require R22 risk

phrase “harmful if swallowed.

• 510kd in US for several medical products

Manufacturing • Multi-ton quantities • DoD Manufacturing Readiness

Level 9 (of 10) • ISO 9001 Compliant • LVE/PMN EPA Registered • TSCA Listed

Dispersion

• Wide range of fillers: titanium carbide, boron nitride, yttria, silica, titanium dioxide,

calcium carbonate, mica, clay, wollastonite, iron oxides, titanium diboride, bismuth subcarbonate, metal particles etc…

Irganox 1010 Aluminium pan

Irganox 1010 Copper pan

+ 0.2% MS0805

+ 0.2% SO1450

+ 0.2% SO1455

POSS® As Passivating Agent on Copper

POSS® Shield Field Testing

POSS® Silanols Control Solder Morphology

Viscosity and Filler Loading

• Better dispersion • Higher loading • Better color

Decrease viscosity yet add MORE filler

Surface Area and Volume Control in White Paint

!Results are an opaque white at the thickness of an ink = $avings

Surface Area & Volume control: decreased viscosity + more pigment =

50% thinner coating

Dispersion & Flow via POSS® Alone POSS® Dispersants work on all kinds of

fillers

Chen, G-X.; Shimizu, H. Polymer 2008, 49, 943-951.

a) MWNT in CHCl3, 30 days. b) POSS-MWNT in CHCl3, 30 days.

Com

plex

Vis

cosi

ty (P

a.S

)

Frequency (Hz)

POSS® on C-fiber and Derakane 8084 vinylester

H. Mahfuz, F. Powell, R. Granata, M. Hosur and M. R. Khan, Materials, 2011, Vol. 4, 1619-1631; doi: 10.3390/ma4091619.

Surface area and volume control

provides: • Increased surface roughness • Increased surface area • Increased ILSS

PEEK filled with POSS® TiO2

TiO2 in PEEK no dispersant

TiO2 in PEEK POSS® Dispersant

POSS® Based Lubricants

Photochromic eyeglasses

Large area UV printing of white base coats. Metal and glass decoration. Large parts

POSS Paints & Inks Consumer Products

POSS® Flow Aids

A Family of POSS® Flow Aids

MS0825 for polyolefins, polyamides and rubber

SO1450 and SO1455 for polyolefins, polyamides and rubber with fillers

SO1458 for thermoset/thermoplastic aromatic polymers with or w/o fillers

MS0802 for aromatic, and fluorinated thermoplastics

AM0275 for PPS/PPO

MA0735 and MA0736 for rubber.

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800Temperature (°C)

Wei

ght (

%)

Stearic Acid

POSS Dispersant 2

POSS Dispersant 1Stearic Acid POSS® Dispersant 1

POSS® Dispersant 2

POSS® Dispersant Stability

How POSS® Flow Aids Work

• Molecular dispersion • Non-covalent association • Increase in free-volume • No loss of mechanical properties

Neat SRP

SRP with 3% POSS Flow

T = 350 ˚C 5% POSS in COC

170%196%

348%

183%

83% 75% 59%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200%

250%

300%

350%

400%

AM0265 AM0270 AM0275 MS0805 MS0825 OL1118 SO1450

MFI

Incr

ease

POSS Type

5% POSS in PPO/PPE

Ikeda, M.; Saito, H. Reac. & Func. Poly. 2007, 67 1148–1156

Dispersion & Flow via POSS® Alone

US 6,759,460 & US 7,122,591 Asahi Chemical

PPS POSS® Flow

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

Dyn

amic

Vis

cosi

ty (P

a S)

Shear Rate (1/s)

Flow Modification of PPS

Neat PPS 5939191 wt% POSS3.0 wt% POSS5 wt% POSS2.5 wt% POSS

PPS POSS® Flow Base Resin Impact Strength (in-lbf/in) Std. Dev.

Neat PEEK 6.53 1.09

PEEK + 0.5% POSS 9.11 1.74

PEEK + 1% POSS 6.36 0.62

PEEK + 3% POSS 6.66 0.79

PPS POSS® Flow

PPS POSS® Flow

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

1.00E+07

1.00E+08

1.00E+09

1.00E+10

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

tan

d

E' (P

a)

Temperature (ºC)

Effect of POSS on Thermomechanical Properties of PPS

Neat (E')

1% POSS (E')

3% POSS (E')

Neat (tan d)

1% POSS (tan d)

3% POSS (tan d)

PPS POSS® Flow

POSS® ImiClear/Corin®

Traditional Polyimide

Transparent Colorless Polyimide Coatings Colorless, Transparent,

Highly Adhesive • 2-25 micron thick 60” wide rolls • low tear propagation strengths. • Sprayable form available • Fully-imidized

POSS® Imiclear/CORIN®

POSS® Biomedical Bypass Graft Stent Heart Valve Nose

Ear Tear Duct Trachea Dental

•POSS® Poly(carbonate-urea) urethane (POSS-PCU) copolymers were prepared and tested both in vitro and in vivo. •In vitro studies show that POSS®-PCU is not only non-toxic to cells, but that it also supports the adhesion and growth of cells including endothelial cells.

36 months

Tissue and Blood Compatible POSS® Copolymers

Results from three year large animal model implantation studies confirmed in vitro results that the POSS®-PCU is non-toxic and biocompatible, and that it does not cause inflammation, does not degrade and does not cause tissue capsule formation.

Human Implantation Results

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/238213.php

July 2011 1st Synthetic Trachea Transplant. Currently Beyene is living in Reykjavík, Iceland, where he is a geology student studying for his PhD. Beyene's wife and two children live in Eritrea. The transplant operation has meant Mr. Beyene is able to enjoy his newborn son (now seven months old), There are no worries regarding rejection as the scaffold is populated using the patient's own cells and no immunosuppressive drugs are required. The implant was tailored to the patient's body size and shape as it is artificially constructed. Other transplants require human donors which can involve long waiting periods. This method requires no human donor .Constucts can be made-to-fit for individuals of all sizes, including for children.

POSS® PCU Bypass: UCL-Nano™

A. M. Seifalian et al., University College of London, England (2006), http://bibamed.agcl.com/cx_2006/Sat1140Hamilton.pdf

A. M. Seifalian et al., University College of London, England, (2007-2010)

Human Implantation Results

Summary POSS surface area control:

• POSS® is a Nanostructured® Chemical that controls surface area and volume in man-made and biological materials.

• Silanol functionality and oganic groups key to interactions with filler and matrix. • Critical to dispersion, grain and morphology control and biological interaction. • Flow and Dispersion can be impacted by volume and surface area tailoring of:

polymers, fillers, colors, and key ingredient molecules.

Controls volume and porosity: • Critical to viscosity of high solids, suspension stability, electronic & optical properties. • Enhancements and transport-intercellular processes. • Permeation, biological function can be favorably tailored by surface area and volume

control.

Bridges composition gaps: • Between inorganic and organic materials. • Inter-phase transition between inorganic and organic materials.

Joseph D. Lichtenhan Gregory J. Brust

Lawrence LaBeaud

Thank you for listening!