sills & thresholds: passive house installation details that boost performance
DESCRIPTION
Passive House Window & Door Installations: Improving your performance by improving your details.TRANSCRIPT
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1Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Optimizing your PRIUS
2Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Optimizing your Windows
3Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Optimizing your Windows
• Maximizing the amount of glass
• Location, location, location
• Insulating the window frame
• Flashing – how to do it discretely!
• A cautionary tale about thresholds
• Conclusions
4Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Darwin’s theory
5Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Darwin’s theory of windows
Source: ARCHnews Green Column, June 2009. Dan Johnson, [email protected]
6Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Reducing the Heat Demand
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
Less frame, more glazing lowers your Heating Demand:
7Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Location, location, location…
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
Placing the window in the best location within the wall cavity : Horizontal direction
POOR: Uw(installed) = 1.05 W/m2K Psi-install = 0.039 W/m2K
BETTER: Uw(installed) = 1.00 W/m2K Psi-install = 0.023 W/m2K
BEST: Uw(installed) = 0.99 W/m2K Psi-install = 0.02 W/m2K
8Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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What does this do to my PHPP?
Win Loc'n
λ ΨInstall SSHD AHD
(%) (W/mK) (BTU/hr.ft.°F) kBTU/(ft²yr) kBTU/(ft²yr)
0 0.016 0.009 4.29 4.8
30 0.011 0.006 4.24 3.73
50 0.008 0.005 4.21 3.71
Treated Floor Area 1448.5 ft2
Gross Heated Building Footprint Area 796 ft2
Gross Enclosed Volume 12312.25
ft3
My project:
By moving the windows to the center of the wall we reduced the Annual Heat Demand by 22%.
9Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Avoid interior cold spots!
Images: Stefan Carpentier, Q+ Performance Testing, CA
10Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Over-insulating
Simply adding insulation over your frame improves performance!
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
BEFORE: Uw(installed) = 1.19 W/m2K Psi-install = 0.15 W/m2K
AFTER: Uw(installed) = 0.78 W/m2K Psi-install = 0.005 W/m2K
11Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Options for out-swing windowsExample of Danish project over-insulating out-swing windows:
Source: Conference Proceedings, 12th International Conference on Passive Houses 2008, PHI. ‘The Architectural and Technical Consequences of Different Window Details in a Danish Passive House’ by Camilla Brunsgaard, Per Heiselberg and Rasmus L. Jensen, Aalborg University Department of Civil Engineering
12Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Over-insulating
Sometimes too much of a good thing is not necessary!
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
30% COVERED: Uw(installed) = 0.96 W/m2KPsi-install = 0.008 W/m2K
50% COVERED: Uw(installed) = 0.94 W/m2KPsi-install = 0.003 W/m2K
100% COVERED: Uw(installed) = 0.89 W/m2KPsi-install = 0.-013 W/m2K
13Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Over-insulatingOptimizing psi-install with insulation
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
DISTANCE (Ueb): Exterior glazing to Exterior insulation (m)
Psi (
W/m
K)
14Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Not all over-insulating is good
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
Insulating over Alum-clad frames does not work as well…
15Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Options for clad windows
Source: Protokollbund Nr. 37, Passive House Institute, Darmstadt, Nov. 2008
Alum-clad on the sash only performs much better!
16Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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What, no more nailing fin?Weaning ourselves off the old installation detail…
BEFORE
Source: BSC Info Sheet 302, Pan Flashing for Exterior Wall Coverings
17Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Flash often, but flash carefully!Please - NO thermal bridge pan flashing!
Sill pan under window to interior
18Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Sill install suggestions…
AFTER:
Sill pan behind nailing fin and in front of window
Bituthane membrane flashing
Air-tight taping to the interior
Post Presentation Note:
One audience member pointed out that the exterior wood sill had no way of being attached without penetrating the sill flashing. Two potential options:
1. Leave it off and use German-style exposed metal sills as flashing and finish
2. Use an A35-type clip to attach the wood sill to the jamb extensions and have it ‘float’ above the metal sill pan.
19Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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The Euro version…
AFTER:
Sill pan & flashing behind drip edge of window cladding
Bituthane membrane flashing
Air-tight taping to the interior
20Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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And a header install suggestion
Euro Header:
Over-insulation
Nailing clips (Simpson LTP5’s)
Air-tight taping at interior
Window centered in wall
21Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Sills for Euro windows…
22Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Now to the thresholds…
23Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Step-over thresholds
24Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Some investigation is needed!
LOW THRESHOLD: U (hdr + jmb) = 1.13 W/m2KU (sill) = 3.329 W/m2KU (frame) = 1.47 W/m2K
STEP-OVERTHRESHOLD: U (hdr + jmb) = 1.13 W/m2KU (sill) = 1.27 W/m2K
U (frame) = 1.15 W/m2K
Overall Performance Delta: 0.32 W/M2k (per door)
25Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Conclusions
• Slimmer frames can perform better, despite lower U-values
• Moving the window into the wall center reduces Heat Demand
• Insulating over the frame improves the window performance
• Metal pan flashing details are tricky – proceed with caution!
• Look out for your door u-values: many low thresholds do not perform well! Account for this in your PHPP calculations.
26Dienstag, 30. März 2010
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Thank you!
Presentation & Data:
Bronwyn Barry
Review & assistance:
Stefan Carpentier
27Dienstag, 30. März 2010