Simple Past Tense

Choral Reading

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS

Choral Reading

The simple past tense of regular verbs

• Subject + -ed form of verb (V2)• Verb after ‘to’ + infinitive• Adverb of past: – ago– yesterday– last… (= 1 … ago)

• Specific time in the past:– in (+month year)– on (+ date/day)– at (+ hour)

EXERCISE 1Choral Reading

Exercise 1

1. worked2. learned3. loved4. opened; repaired5. started

6. used7. succeeded8. died9. lived

SPELLING OF THE PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS

Choral Reading

Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs

1. Regular verbs + ed2. Verbs ending in ‘e’ + d3. Verbs ending in const+y change y to i, + ed4. Verbs ending in vowl+y + ed5. One syllable verb ending in CVC double the

final consonant, + ed6. Verbs ending in w or x + ed

Spelling of the past tense of regular verbs

7. Two-syllable verbs ending in CVC, 2nd syllable stressed double the final consonant, + ed

8. Two-syllable verbs, last syllable NOT stressed do not double the final consonant, +ed

EXERCISE 2Choral Reading

Exercise 2

1. played2. studied3. decided4. wanted5. liked6. showed7. looked8. stopped9. happened10. carried

11. enjoyed12. dragged13. dropped14. started15. followed16. preferred17. liked18. mixed19. admitted20. developed

Exercise 2

1. played 42. studied 33. decided 24. wanted 15. liked 26. showed 67. looked 18. stopped 59. happened 810. carried 3

11. enjoyed 412. dragged 513. dropped 514. started 115. followed 616. preferred 717. liked 218. mixed 619. admitted 720. developed 1

PRONUNCIATION OF –ED PAST FORMS

Choral Reading

Pronunciation of –ed past forms

• After voiceless sounds /p, k, f, s, ∫, t∫/ /t/• After voiced sounds /b, g, v, ð, z, ʒ, dʒ, m, n, ŋ,

l, r/ + all vowels /d/• After /t/ or /d/ sounds /əd/

EXERCISE 3&4Choral Reading

Exercise 3

1. played /d/2. studied /d/3. decided /əd/4. wanted /əd/5. liked /t/6. showed /d/7. looked /t/8. stopped /t/9. happened /d/10. carried /d/

11. enjoyed /d/12. dragged /d/13. dropped /t/14. started /əd/15. followed /d/16. preferred /d/17. liked /t/18. mixed /t/19. admitted /əd/20. developed /t/

Exercise 4

1. played2. dreamed3. studied4. started5. used

6. tried7. crashed8. fixed9. stayed10. offered

PAST TENSE OF BEChoral Reading

Past tense of Be

• Subject + wasIhesheitsingular noun

Past tense of Be

• Subject + wereyoutheyweplural noun

Past tense of Be

• There + was + singular subject• There + were + plural subject

Past tense of Be: Negation

• Subject + was not +…• Subject+ wasn’t +…• Subject + were not +…• Subject + weren’t +…

EXERCISE 5Choral Reading

Exercise 5

1. were2. was3. were4. were5. was

Irregular Verb 2Verbs with no change Final d changes to t

Verbs with a vowel change

/ɛ/ or /ɒ/ /ɔ/

/oʊ/ /æ/

/Λ/ /ɒ/ or /oʊ/

/ʊ/ /ɛ/

/əʊ/ or /oʊ/, /u/ /aʊ/ or /eI/ or /ɛ/

/ɔ/ /I/

/eI/ /ɛ/

/eI/ /ɔ/

/ɒ/ or /ɑ/ /u/

Miscellaneous Changes

VOWEL CHART

i

I

e

ɛ

ə

Λ

a

o

u

ʊ

æɒ

ɑ

ɔ

frontpalatal central

backvelar

high

mid

low

ɜ

DIPHTHONGS

• Blue letters (usual letters)• A diphthong involves a movement from one

position to another position within one syllable.

• E.g. e = cake, made, may, sayoʊ = go, no, so, low

a = high, tide, cryaʊ = cow, how, bow

SUMMARYChoral Reading

Summary

1. Be was/were2. Other verbs regular/irregular verbs

Note-Questions:• WH- Where did she work?• Negative Why didn’t she work on Sunday?• Subject Who worked on Sunday?

SUMMARY EXERCISESChoral Reading

Exercise A

1. were not / weren’t2. didn’t fly3. wasn’t4. didn’t invent5. didn’t die

6. didn’t go7. didn’t come8. wasn’t born9. didn’t build10.didn’t become

Exercise B

1. Did Orville Wright become famous? Yes, he did.

2. Was Goddard an aviator? No, he wasn’t.3. Did Earhart fly across the Atlantic Ocean? Yes,

she did.4. Was Goddard born in the U.S.? Yes, he was.

Exercise B

5. Did the Wright brothers write about rockets? No, they didn’t.

6. Did the Americans send a man into space? Yes, they did.

7. Did Wilbur Wright die in 1945? No, he didn’t.

Exercise C

1. When was Lindbergh born?2. What did the Wright brothers invent?3. Who invented the airplane?4. When did Earhart cross the ocean?5. How much (money) did Lindbergh/he get for

his flight?

Exercise C

6. Why did Earhart/she want to fly around the world?

7. How many people saw Lindbergh in Paris?8. Why didn’t they believe his ideas? // Why did

they not believe his ideas?9. When did Orville Wright die?10.What (ideas) did the president examine?