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cxpartners 1 @gilescolborne Simplicity Friday, 17 January 14

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Page 1: Simplicity

cxpartners 1

@gilescolborne

Simplicity

Friday, 17 January 14

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I would not give a figfor the simplicitythis side of complexity,

but I would give my life for the simplicity on the other side of complexity.

Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

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Advanced simplicity@gilescolborne

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They’re

not rules

so much as…

guidelines,

Giles

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Your examplesof Simple design.

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/vanf/5321214369/10

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Donald Norman

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Simplicity isnot the answer

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Leonardo Da Vinci

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Simplicity isthe ultimatesophistication

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Simplicity is an experience

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How it’s engineered

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How it feels to use

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How it’s engineered

How it looks

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Expert Mainstreamer

Focus on details Focus on goals

Perfection Completion

Precise control Ease of control

Principles Examples, stories

Take it apart, explore Afraid of breaking it

Detailed mental model Loose mental model

Invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?

23

Experienced Novice

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Not everyone wants simplicity

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Whatusers do

Tasks

Content& features

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Thinking like an expert

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Performance

Stress

Difficult task

Simple task

Yerkes-Dodson Law

33

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Feels simple

to my (mainstream) users

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The trouble with simplicity is...

it’s boring.

(Right?)

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Simplicity does not mean the absence of any decoration.

It means that the decor should belong intimately to the design proper, and that anything foreign to it should be taken away.

Paul Jacques Grillo

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Modern Traditional Elegant

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What is minimal?GO

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August 2013 GO

Usable

41

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Nov 2013 GO

42

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August 2012 GO

43

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Aug 2013

Jul 2013 Jun 2013 May 2013 Apr 2013 Mar 2013

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Simple

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Simplicity = Extreme usability

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Usability

ISO 9241-11

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Usability

ISO 9241-11

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How do you

measure This?

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Business system

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Call centre

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Web site

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Travel website

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Houston airport

6 x further

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Matrix bullet time

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Create a blog. It’s free.

Beautiful, customisable templates and layouts.

Up to the minute stats Make money with Adsense Explore Blogs of Note

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0.1 second

1.0 second

10 seconds

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Travel website

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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction

Simplicity

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A B

Which is more efficient?

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Keying(average typist)

PointingHomingMentallypreparing

Waitingfor a response

Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco

GOMS KLM

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

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A B

GOMS KLM

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

1. Walk through the interface step by step.

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A B

GOMS KLM

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

2. List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).

MHPKPKHKK

MHPKHKK

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A B

GOMS KLM

3. Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

MHPKPKHKMK

MHPKHKMK

MMMM

M

MM

M

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A B

GOMS KLM

4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

MHPKPKHKMK

MHPKHKMK

MMMM

M

MM

M

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A B

GOMS KLM

4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

MHPKPKHKK

MHPKHKK

MMMM

M

MM

M

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A B

GOMS KLM

4. Delete Ms that appear between Ps and Ks (PMK becomes PK)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

MHPKPKHKK

MHPKHKK

M

M

M

M

M

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A B

GOMS KLM

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

MHPKPKHKK

MHPKHKK

M

M

M

M

M

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

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A B

GOMS KLM

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)

1.350.42.450.22.450.20.41.75

1.350.42.450.20.40.2

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

10.20 4.00

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Enter your Post Code

BS1 4ND OK

ADDRESSType your address

22 Queen Square Br|

ADDRESS

Which is more efficient?

22 Queen Square, Bristol, BS1 4ND

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22 Queen Sq

Bristol

BS1 4ND

OKOK

20 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND

21 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND23 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND

80

Enter your Post CodeADDRESS

BS1 4ND

Choose an address

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22 Queen Square Br|

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

81

ADDRESS

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

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Rules (simplified)

Walk through the interface step by step.

List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).

Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps

Delete Ms between Keying charactersin a single unit (like a word or a sentence)

But keep the first M (thinking what to type).

Delete Ms that come between Pointing and Keying(so PMK becomes PK)

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

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22 Queen Sq

Bristol

BS1 4ND

OKOK

20 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND

21 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND23 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND

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Enter your Post CodeADDRESS

M Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into positionK Click into the text fieldH Put hand on keyboardMKKKKKKK Remember and Enter Post CodeM Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into position and click OKR Wait for the system to refresh (1.0 seconds)M Figure out what to doP Move the mouse into positionK Click the drop down listM Figure out what to doP Move the mouse into positionK Click on the correct itemR Wait for the system to refresh (0. 5 seconds)M Check the address is correct

TOTAL = 17.0 seconds6 points where you figure out what to do (M)

BS1 4ND

Choose an address

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22 Queen Square Br|

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

84

ADDRESS

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND

M Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into positionK Click�into the text fieldH Put hands on keyboardMKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Enter addressM Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the pointer into positionK Click on the addressM Check the address is correct

TOTAL = 12.8 seconds4 points where you figure out what to do (M)

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Keying PointingHomingMentallypreparing

Waitingfor a response

Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco

GOMS KLM

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

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default numbers & punctuation

number pad (for pins)url

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Rules for ‘Efficiency’

Minimise thinking, effort (clicks, movement)

No one likes home pages and start screens

Remember users’ preferences and behavior

Eliminate sources of error

Minimise response time and device bulk the

hidden UX differentiators

Don’t make experienced users act like novices

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Your turn

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Simplify this!

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#1Remove

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Perfection is achievednot when there is nothing more to addbut when there isnothing more to take away

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Antoine de Saint Exupery

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Reduce,

thoughtfully

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John Maeda

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Expert Mainstreamer

Focus on details focus on goals

Precise control Ease of control

Perfection Good enough

Principles Examples, stories

Deferred gratification I want it now!

invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?

101

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Rules for ‘Remove’

Features that add steps for unneeded fine control

Multiple ways of doing the same thing

Features that are responsible for a lot of errors

Unnecessary options and preferences

Visual clutter

Details that distract

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#2Organise

104

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Ready?

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2 6 4 835

107

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?

108

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Ready?

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

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?

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Projects Photos Garden Tax Travel School

Credit Music Video Boat Bike Car

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Finance Office Home Projects Photos Garden

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Rules for ‘Organise’

Follow patterns that the user knows

Clearly frame your terms of reference

Simple, consistent groupings

Highlight the single most important thing

Don’t force the user to learn codes

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#3Hide

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Rules for ‘Hide’

Organise around patterns of use, not frequency

Look for behaviours that signal patterns of use

Let users go from general to specific

Ensure mainstreamer tasks are visible and

dominant

Trust expert users to find expert features

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#4Displace

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LONDON

OXFORD

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON

BATH

My Travel Plan

127

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LONDON

OXFORD

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON

BATH

The Roman BathsLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non turpis.

Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)Sat-Sun 0900-1730Christmas: Closed

£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65

Allow 1 hour minimum Add this

My Travel Plan

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LONDON

OXFORD

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON

BATH

LOCATION ACTIVITY TIME

Bath Excelsior Hotel N/A

Bath The Roman Baths 0930-1030

Bath Train to Oxford 1042-1153

Oxford The King’s Head 1230-1400

Oxford Punting 1415-1515

Oxford Ashmolean Museum 1530-1700

Oxford Train to London 1722-1835

My Travel Plan

The Roman BathsLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non turpis.

Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)Sat-Sun 0900-1730Christmas: Closed

£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65

Allow 1 hour minimum Add this

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LONDON

OXFORD

STRATFORD-UPON-AVON

BATH

LOCATION ACTIVITY TIME

Bath Excelsior Hotel N/A

Bath The Roman Baths 0930-1030

Bath Train to Oxford 1042-1153

Oxford The King’s Head 1230-1400

Oxford Punting 1415-1515

Oxford Ashmolean Museum 1530-1700

Oxford Train to London 1722-1835

My Travel Plan

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No plan survives contact with the enemy

Helmuth von Moltke

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Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

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Tuesday

Kid’s things

Travel discounts

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So, in order:

1. Displace2. Remove3. Organise4. Hide

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Your turn!

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BONUS!

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http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/

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http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/

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http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/

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http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/

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cxpartners 142

Always design a thing by considering it in its next larger context –a chair in a room,a house in an environment,an environment in a city plan

Eliel Saarinen

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Hi. Are you awake?

I am now...

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I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.

A real person told me this

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Here is exactly what you need

right now.

OK

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out of context@gilescolborne

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4 3

2

1

23

6

1

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After Black & Yacoob, 1995

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I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.

A real person told me this

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166cxpartners

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What’s this playing?

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What’s this playing?

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cxpartners 172

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0Z1QGpTZSo

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Time flieslike an arrow.

Fruit flieslike a banana.

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What’s this playing?

What was that?

A bit of you know what.

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What’s this playing?

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What’s this playing? This?

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On the iPod.

What’s this playing? This?

This

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On the iPod.

What’s this playing? This?

It’s Del the FunkyHomosapian.

This

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On the iPod.

What’s this playing? This?

It’s Del the FunkyHomosapian.

This

Time Pressure / Error / Shared Knowledge

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What’s this playing? This?

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I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.

A real user told me this

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Call: Susan Hunter mobile

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Call: Susan Hunter mobile

Her phone says:Do not disturb ends 14:00

Cancel Proceed

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Call: Susan Hunter mobile

Her phone says:Do not disturb ends 14:00

Cancel Proceed

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In that case...

Are you busy? No.

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TimeLocationEnvironmentSocialDeviceActivityIndividual

http://thenounproject.com/noun/computer/#icon-No115http://thenounproject.com/noun/iphone/#icon-No414

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TimeLocationEnvironmentSocialDeviceActivityIndividual

193http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/4064143718/

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11:37New YorkSubwayAloneBlackberryEmailSarah

194http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/4064143718/

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Paul Dourish

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Context can be expressed as data

Context is stable

Context can be delineated

Activities happen within a context

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Context is a relational property

Context changes dynamically

Context is particular

Context arises from activity

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CONTEXT

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CONTEXT

RELEVANCE

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Wait, what was all that?

If you must measure context – use multiple sources

Repair and negotiate –�never assume you’re right

Use least collaborative effort –�time, error, shared knowledge

Keep track of what this is – remember across interactions

Allow users to negotiate context between themselves, too

Use pre-sequences to set up interactions

Extra information should enrich context –�don’t distract

What really matters is relevance –�focus on that

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Ever had a problem selling

simplicity to your team?

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Ever have success selling simplicity to your

team?

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BUY!

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A B

247

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No matter how cool your userinterface…

...it would be betterif there were less of it

206

Alan Cooper

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See it at Amazon US

See it at Amazon UK

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Advanced simplicity workbook@gilescolborne

208

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Keying(average typist)

PointingHomingMentallypreparing

Waitingfor a response

Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco

GOMS KLM

M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?

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Rules (simplified)

Walk through the interface step by step.

List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).

Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps

Delete Ms between Keying charactersin a single unit (like a word or a sentence)

But keep the first M (thinking what to type).

Delete Ms that come between Pointing and Keying(so PMK becomes PK)

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Example 1: Post Code lookup

1. Click on the field and enter a Post Code. 2. Click on OK and get a drop down menu. R=1.0s

3. Choose the right address 4. Check the result. R=0.5s

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Example 2: Autocomplete

1. Click on the field and start typing. 2. After about 18 characters (typically) only one suggestion remains.

3. Click on the address. 4. Check the result.

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On/OffQuick OSD (On-Screen Display menu)FL Select (change the display on DVD player)Open/Close (Eject DVD)Advanced Disc Review (Review playlist)AV Enhancer (Adjust audio and video)Repeat (Repeat play)Multi Re-Master (Improve audio quality)Numeric KeypadDepth Enhancer (Reduce picture ‘noise’)Manual Skip (Skip 30 seconds forward)Quick Replay (Skip back a few seconds)CancelSkip ForwardSkip BackSlow ForwardSlow BackStopPausePlayDirect Navigator/Top Menu (Main menu)Play List/Menu (Show a disk menu or play list)Functions (Change on screen menu)Return (Return to previous menu)Up ArrowDown ArrowLeft ArrowRight ArrowEnterSubtitleAudio (Change soundtracks)Angle/Page (Change angle/advance still pictures)Setup (Quick setup menu)Play Mode (All/group/random play)Play Speed (Changes play speed)ZoomGroup (Selects groups of items to play)

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Design challengeFeel my painEvery conference call I have starts with people turning up late, losing the connection or having software problems. Help me: fix Skype.

Things to considerThink about what makes a meeting work offline. How would those things happen online?

What are the key phases in a meeting - from planning to conclusion?

How do you make meetings visual? Letting people share documents or see ideas?

How do you keep all that simple? What causes the complexity?

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Design challengeFeel my painI’ve got a Microwave oven that will also grill or bake. But I’ve no idea how to use it. Normally I just click the ‘on’ switch repeatedly to add 30 seconds to the total. And that switch has worn out!

Things to considerLots of food packets have microwave instructions - could you make this oven work with them?

How do I know whether I’m microwaving, grilling or cooking?

What’s the real objective here? What do I really want from this product?

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Design challengeFeel my painI’m tired of going to the basement to manually turn the heating on and off. Make me a central heating controller I can understand.

Things to considerThis is a thermostat for a British house – so there’s no air conditioning.

The hot water tank and central heating can be programmed independently.

It can be cold during the summer and warm in the winter.

What use can you make of the patterns that are already in my head?

Buttons, displays, wireless connections, software… all cost money. This is a cheap device.

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