simplified québec geology

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Geological Provinces Québec is subdivided into six large arrays called geological provinces. This subdivision is based on the age of its rocks and on processes associated with plate tectonic theory. Tonalite This simplified geological map displays the distribution of the main types of rocks, and the main geological provinces found on Québec’s territory. Geologically speaking, rocks are subdivided into three broad categories: igneous (intrusive and volcanic), sedimentary and metamorphic. The age of these rocks plays an important role in understanding geological events. GT 2013-06 Research and writing: Robert Thériault, Stéphane Beauséjour and Julie Gagné Graphics: André Tremblay Produced and published: Ministère des Ressources naturelles Anorthosite Gabbro & diorite Pyroxenite, peridotite & dunite Impact slag Granite & granodiorite Syenite, monzonite & jotunite Orthopyroxene granitoid rock Rhyolite & dacite Basalt & andesite Komatiite Wacke, mudrock, slate & shale Sandstone Conglomerate Iron formation Limestone & dolomite Granit gneiss Tonalitic gneiss Migmatite Paragneiss Marble IGNEOUS ROCKS (intrusive) Rocks that are formed by the cooling of the magma underground. The slow crystallization of the magma leads to the creation of a granular texture. IGNEOUS ROCKS (volcanic) Rocks that are formed when the magma cools on the surface following the release of lava from a volcano. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Rocks that are formed by the build-up of sediments deposited in layers, then consolidated after they are buried deep inside the Earth’s crust. METAMORPHIC ROCKS Rocks that are formed by the recrystallization of igneous or sedimentary rocks following a rise in pressure and temperature deep inside the Earth’s crust. IGNEOUS ROCK SEDIMENTARY BACKGROUND CARBONATED ROCK TERRIGENOUS ROCKS MAFIC ROCK TONALITE ROCKS GRANITIC ROCK Hudson Bay Platform (410 to 450 Ma) Grenville Province (600 to 2700 Ma) St. Lawrence Platform (430 to 500 Ma) Churchill Province (1100 to 2900 Ma) Appalachians Province (330 to 570 Ma) Superior Province (2500 to 4300 Ma) Ma - Million years FAULT A breakage in the Earth’s crust, indicating the movement of two blocks of rocks that are separated by the fault. © State of New South Wales through the Department © MRN © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © MRN © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Australian Museum © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © MRN © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Prof. Dr. Michael Bau/Jacobs University Bremen © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © MRN © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org) © Siim Sepp (www.sandatlas.org)

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This simplified geological map displays the distribution of the main types of rocks, and the main geological provinces found on Québec’s territory. Geologically speaking, rocks are subdivided into three broad categories: igneous (intrusive and volcanic), sedimentary and metamorphic. The age of these rocks plays an important role in understanding geological events. Poster made available by to Minin Matters by Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources Naturelles(Québec)

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Simplified Québec Geology

Geological ProvincesQuébec is subdivided into six large arrays called geological provinces. This subdivision is based on the age of its rocks and on processes associated with plate tectonic theory.

Tonalite

This simplifi ed geological map displays the distribution of the main types of rocks, and the main geological provinces found on Québec’s territory. Geologically speaking, rocks are subdivided into three broad categories: igneous (intrusive and volcanic), sedimentary and metamorphic. The age of these rocks plays an important role in understanding geological events.

GT 2013-06Research and writing: Robert Thériault, Stéphane Beauséjour and Julie GagnéGraphics: André TremblayProduced and published: Ministère des Ressources naturelles

Anorthosite Gabbro & diorite Pyroxenite, peridotite & dunite

Impact slag Granite & granodiorite

Syenite, monzonite & jotunite

Orthopyroxene granitoid rock

Rhyolite & dacite Basalt & andesite Komatiite

Wacke, mudrock, slate & shale Sandstone

Conglomerate Iron formationLimestone & dolomite

Granit gneiss Tonalitic gneiss Migmatite Paragneiss Marble

IGNEOUS ROCKS (intrusive)Rocks that are formed by the cooling of the magma underground.

The slow crystallization of the magma leads to the creation of a granular texture.

IGNEOUS ROCKS (volcanic)Rocks that are formed when the magma cools on the surface

following the release of lava from a volcano.

SEDIMENTARY ROCKSRocks that are formed by the build-up

of sediments deposited in layers, then consolidated after they are buried

deep inside the Earth’s crust.

METAMORPHIC ROCKSRocks that are formed by the recrystallization of igneous or sedimentary rocks following

a rise in pressure and temperature deep inside the Earth’s crust.

IGNEOUS ROCK SEDIMENTARY BACKGROUND

CARBONATED ROCK

TERRIGENOUS ROCKS

MAFIC ROCK

TONALITE ROCKSGRANITIC ROCK

Hudson Bay Platform (410 to 450 Ma)

Grenville Province (600 to 2700 Ma)

St. Lawrence Platform (430 to 500 Ma)

Churchill Province (1100 to 2900 Ma)

Appalachians Province (330 to 570 Ma)

Superior Province (2500 to 4300 Ma)

Ma - Million years

FAULTA breakage in the Earth’s crust,

indicating the movement of two blocks of rocks that are separated by the fault.

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© Si

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© Si

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© Si

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© Si

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© Si

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© MR

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© Si

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.org)

© Si

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www.

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.org)