sips case study | laches wood outdoor education centre
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Design Guide for the new dormitory and activity centre at Laches Wood Outdoor Education Centre
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Design Guide for the new dormitory and acvity centre at Laches Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre
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KEY
New activity centre
New dormitory
Laches Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre
Site Plan
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horizontal cedar planks(vertical on the activity centre)
treated timberbatten
breather membrane
Kingspan TEK panel
Construcon build-up of walls in the new dormitory and acvity centre
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The new dormitory and acvity centre at Laches
Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre have been
constructed using new methods of construcon.
Instead of brick and block or mber frame thebuilding have been constructed in a structurally
insulated panels system known as SIPS for short.
The panels have 112mm thick r igid foam insulaon
sandwiched between two sheets of 15mm thick
oriented strand board (OSB).
Excellent thermal performance
The SIPS provides a super-insulated connuous
shell around the building. Less heat escapes
than through convenonal building walls and
roofs and less cold comes through from outside.This means it requires less heat to be generated
to keep the spaces warm, making it cheaper and
releases less CO2 into the atmosphere.
Long-life
The Kingspan TEK system has been cered to
last over 60 years.
Airghtness
The SIPS shell is ghtly xed together, so thereare few dras and less heang required.
Reuse and Recycle opons
There are examples of Kingspan TEK buildings
being taken down and put up in a new locaon
to be reused for a new purpose. The panels are
made from OSB and polyurethane insulaon
and both can be recycled.
Low wastage
The SIPS panels are cut to size before they reach
the construcon site so there is very lile on
site wastage. It is easier to reduce waste in the
factory because there is only one acvity taking
place. An example is that o cut panels from
one wall are used in the next wall.
New cung edge buildings at
Laches Wood OEC
Why did we use SIPS?
Speed and ease of construcon
In order to get funding for the buildings, and to
reduce the disrupon to the guests at the rest
of the Outdoor Educaon Centre, the buildings
had to be constructed in just 6 months. BecauseSIPS was used it took just 3.5 weeks to build
the water-ght shell of the dormitory, and just
2 weeks to build the water-ght shell of the
acvity centre.
The SIPS panels combine lots of characteriscs
of other materials in one product making it
faster to construct than tradional buildings and
other building systems.
Wet trades such as brick laying and plastering
take a longme, need a lot of labour and create
a lot of mess. Using SIPS means there are only
very small areas that require wet trades.
Outstanding strength to weight raos
SIPS are stronger than an equivalent mber
frame construcon and far lighter than brick
and block or steel frame construcon. Because
SIPS are light less concrete and steel are needed
for the buildings foundaons.
Simplicity
The SIPS panels carry the load so it means the
roof structure is very simple which allows lots of
large volume spaces with no ceilings
For this project we chose to use Kingspan TEK SIPS
panels which were engineered and erected by
SIPS@Clays.
There are dierent manufacturers of SIPS panels
who will use dierent types of insulaon in the core
and source dierent types of mber from dierent
regions of the world from Kingspan TEK.
paneljoint piece
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Alnus Glutinosa(Common Alder)
Alnus Glutinosa(Common Alder)
Betula pendula(Silver birch)
Picea abies(Norway Spruce)
Pinus sylvestris(Scots pine)
Where the walls of the dormitory and acvity centre
have not been clad in plasterboard the exposed
faces of the SIPS panels can be seen. You can see
the outer face which is made from oriented stand
board (OSB). Logs from dierent types of trees areshredded into strands which are layered in dierent
direcons or orientaons, then compressed and
bonded together using wax and glue.
The dierent direcons of the strands work together
to give the panels enough strength to carry the
weight of the building with the help of a few extra
mber supports.
Dierent manufacturers of OSB use dierent tree
species. The dormitory and acvity centre have
been constructed in Kingspan TEK panels which use
mbers from the trees on the right of this page.
So when you look at the exposed walls you are
seeing 6 dierent types of mber.
What am I looking at?
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Where does mber come from to make the OSB
used in Kingspan TEK system?
Where has it been sourced from?
The EGGER plant in Wismar covers its log
requirements from the forests of Northern
Germany, predominantly from Mecklenburg-
Western Pomerania, Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg,
Lower Saxony and Brandenburg and partly with full
vessel load from United Kingdom.
EGGER plant in Wismar
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2
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Delivery of logs to Kingspan is made per vessel
directly from the port of Wismar (Germany)
to Seaham (UK)
Logs are then transported from Seaham to the
Kingspan Selby plant by truck.
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2
3
From tree to factory
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Source of mber for OSB
Timber is a natural material and requires much
less energy to process into a building material than
steel, brick or concrete. However, mber is only
a sustainable building material if it comes from
responsibly managed forests that replant harvested
mber. And if the mber is not transported over
vast distances.
The mber harvested for Kingspan TEK panels
comes from forests that use a process called
thinning. This is where trees within the forest are
removed to make way for new trees and improve
the growth and health of trees le in place.
All logs used at EGGER Wismar come from
managed forests according to European Timber
regulaon (EUTR 2013)
EGGER Wismar is cered acc. to FSC/FSC
Controlled Wood and PEFC CoC-scheme
OSB panels consist of mainly sowood (pine),
and small amounts hardwood.
Log diameter 8 - 45 cm, coming from thinning;
thicker logs have to be separated to avoid
breaking logs in the debarker.
length: 3.0 m 10cm.
Sorted into quality A for surface line DS (fr es h
wood, no fungi aack, no blue stains), quality B
for core line MS (containing hard wood).
The more buildings that are built fromtimber, the higher the demand for timber,which leads to more trees being plantedto meet this demand. Trees absorb carbon
dioxide (CO2)from the atmosphere andrelease oxygen, reducing air pollution andac id rain.
As long as the trees are planted in anecologically responsible way and theforests are sustainably managed this resultsin a huge environmental benet.
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Transport of logs to Kingspans processing plant
By road
By rail
By ship
72%
12%
16%
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The middle of the Kingspan TEK panels are lled
with polyurethane rigid foam insulaon.
The foam is CFC and HCFC free (chemicals which
contribute to global warming) and has an ozonedepleon of zero (referred to as zero ODP) with low
global warming potenal.
This insulaon is extremely good at stopping heat
pass through it. This means that when a radiator
heats up a room the heat does not escape outside.
So less heat is required to heat the room in the
rst place and less heat is required to keep the
temperature of the room at a comfortable level.
What is in the middle of the TEK
panel?
Where are the materials for the Zero ODP insulaon
sourced from?
Bayer Leverkusen in Germany
It is then transported to Kingspans Selby plant to
create the SIPS panels.
1
= = = ==
112mm
Kin
gspanRigidFoam
Ins
ulation
140mm 170mm 174mm 174mm 250mm
Mineralfbre
Ins
ulation
(e.g.
Rockwool)
Sheepwool
Ins
ulation
(e.g.
Thermaeece)
He
mp(plantmatter)
(e.g.
ThermaeeceHemp)
Recycledplastic
(PE
T)
(e.
g.
SupaloftGreen)
Strawbale
The heang system at the centre is generated by
oil red boilers. Less heat is required, so less oil
is burnt which means less money is spent and less
fossil fuels are used up.
In comparison to other thermal insulaon
materials the thickness of foam required is far less
than other types of insulaon to achieve the same
results. The diagram below shows 6 dierent
types of insulaon including Kingspans rigid foam.
It shows the thickness of each insulaon material
required to get the same low level of heat transfer.
Obviously thickness isnt the only reason to c hoose wha t insulation to use. Therigid foam bonded to the OSB gives the pane ls strength. When the wholebuilding is made from SIPS panels it has strength and is very airtight which stopsdrafts and heat loss.
There are lots of factors to take in to consideration when choosing whatinsulation to use. Is the product natural? How much energy is used to createthe product? Does the product damage the environment during construction,use or at the end of its life? What method of construction is being used? Howlong does the product last for? How much does the product cost?
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Aer manufacture the whole SIPs panels for this
project were transported from Kingspans Selby
plant by road to SIPS@Clays in Skipton to
be cut into the designs for the new dormitory and
acvity centre buildings, before being transported
to Latches Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre in
south Staordshire.
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5
Picture of the dormatory SIPS shell
before roof panels were tted
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5
Wales
Norfolk
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Dormitory Acvity Centre
x8 x4
1/3 1/7
Birmingham Citys St Andrews footba ll ground
Standard sized tennis court
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A VW Polo weighs approximately 1 Tonne
The timber in the OSB used in the dormitoryand activity centre combined may havecaptured up to 20 tonnes of carbon - the
same weight as 20 small cars.
The cedar cladding used in the dormitoryand activity centre combined may havecaptured up to 12 tonnes of carbon - thesame weight as 12 small cars.
The new dormitory and acvity centre at Laches
Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre have been
constructed using Kingspan TEK a structurally
insulated panel system.
Approximately 2110m of TEK panels were used on
the dormitory. This is approximately the area of 8
tennis courts or 1/3 of the size of Birmingham Citys
football pitch at St Andrews.
Approximately 1000m of TEK panels were used on
the activity centre. This is just less than the area
of 4 tennis courts or 1/7 of the size of Birmingham
Citys football pitch at St Andrews.
As trees grow they absorb carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere and store it, this is a type of biological
sequestraon (the dark green box on this page
provides a denion).
Once a tree is felled it stops absorbing carbon, but
the carbon it has already absorbed stays captured
unl the mber decays or is burnt at which point
the carbon is released.
This means that when trees are felled new trees
are planted to replace them. Managed forests have
trees at lots of dierent stages of growth - it is not
a case of felling all of the trees in the forest then
replacing them all - they are felled in a rotaon
cycle that maximises growth rates, which in turn
maximises carbon capture.
Quanes of materials Carbon storage
It also means that when the building reaches the
end of its life the mber is not burnt or le to
decay.
If the mber is in good condion it should bereused. Kingspan TEK have an example of a whole
building that was moved to a new locaon and
used for a new purpose. The mber could be used
as a bio-fuel as long as the process incorporates
carbon capture.
The European Commission estimatesthat on average, substituting onecubic metre of wood for other buildingmaterials results in 0.8 tonnes of C O2savings.European Commission Enterprise DG , Issue 11,2013
The term carbon sequestrationdescribes long-term storage of carbondioxide or other forms of carbon toeither mitigate or defer global warmingand avoid dangerous climate change.
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A cedar tree
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The new dormitory and acvity centre at Laches
Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre have been clad in
cedar, a mber largely grow in North America.
Western Red Cedar is naturally resistant to decayand insect attack. It simply seasons if left uncoated
to an attractive silver grey appearance over a period
of approximately eighteen months in areas with
low air pollution. Cedar offers superior acoustic
qualities too, helping to reduce noise or confine
it to specific areas. It is also an excellent material
for thermal insulation in summer keeping the
building cool and in winter preventing the heat from
escaping. Its low density and high proportion of air
spaces, makes Cedar the best thermal insulator ofall the commonly available softwood species. It is
far superior to brick, concrete and steel, in terms
of thermal conductivity and embodied energy
(the energy consumed in the production and
transportation of the material).
Cedar is lightweight and ideal for fast-track building
schemes, it is also more resistant to warping,
twisting and shrinking than any other softwood.
The cladding used on the dormitory and activity
centre has been sourced from sustainably managed
forests (FSC certified) by International Timber.
As with the timber in the OSB, cedar also stores
caborn and must be dealt with in a responsible way
at the end of its usable life.
Cladding
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Dormitory
Elevaons
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Dormitory
Layout
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Acvity Centre
Elevaons
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Acvity Centre
Caving Zone
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The new dormitory and acvity centre at Laches
Wood Outdoor Educaon Centre have been
constructed using Kingspan TEK a structurally
designed with the following energy saving features
to reduce the amount of energy the buildingsconsume:
Movement sensors instead of light switches in
corridor spaces.
Sensor to detect when no-one is using a room
and switches lights off in all rooms except plant
rooms and stores.
Daylight sensors in rooms with windows, so if
lights are switched on while there is natural light
coming through the windows the lights do not
switch on fully, instead they provide just enough
light for the combined effect to fully light the
room.
One switch to switch all lights off in the building,
so when the last person leave the building no
lights are left on wasting energy.
Highly efficient energy saving lights.
Thermostatic valves on radiators in each room
to allow people to turn the heat up or down.
Radiators can also be turned off when no-one is
using a room. Heat recovery from the extract air in wash
room areas, so that the heat generated through
showers is transferred in to the air and re-
captured before the waste air leaves the
building.
Lots of individual meters to monitor energy use
from heating, lighting and power.
Why is there steel tubing all over the new buildings?
The steel tubing contains electrical wiring for the
lighting, power and data in the buildings.
In most buildings the wiring is hidden inside
walls and above ceilings. It is easy to forget how
everything is connected. When you turn on a switch
a connection is made to the buildings electrical
circuit and electrical current moves through the
wires to the light, TV, plug socket, etc.
The building is connected to the mains electricity
(National Grid) , this electricity is generated mainly
by coal fired power stations, some gas fired power
stations, a few nuclear power stations and a very
small amount from renewable sources such as windpower, solar power and hydroelectric power.
So every time you turn on a switch in these buildings
look at the route the wires are taking, remember
that it needs energy to be generated to provide the
electricity and consider the amount of energy you
are using.
Energy
Conduits
Water saving showers, taps and wc cisterns.
The heating in the existing dormitory block
was changed from electric to a wet system
(radiators fed with hot water) to save energy
and make the system easier to control andmeter.
Low carbon technologies and renewable energy
systems were carefully considered but were not
found to be effective.
The buildings have also been designed so that less
energy is required:
There are lots of windows to let in light reducing
the need to switch lights on during the day.
The buildings are naturally ventilated, except
kitchen, toilet and wash room areas, so power
isnt wasted on mechanical ventilation or air
conditioning.
There is lots of thermal insulation in the walls,
roof and floor to stop heat escaping.
The building airtight to reduce heat loss by
drafts.
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Ecology
Laches Wood is a very special site. Before carrying
out construcon work we had to carry out Ecology
surveys to nd out what species of plants and
animals lived on the site so we could design and
plan the work so that it did not damage them.Because no work was taking place in the wood
itself the surveys were only carried out on the elds
and around the building. The following protected
species were found:
Bats
Bats were found roosng in the old acvity building.
A new bat box was built on the roof of the classroom
for the bats to move to before the old building was
demolished and the new acvity building was built
in its place. A second bat box was built on the side
of the new acvity building. Ask sta at the Centre
to point them out.
Great Crested Newts
Great crested newts were in the pond outside theclassroom. They also live in long grass so watch out
for them when you are exploring the site. If you
think you see a great crested newt dont pick it up,
tell a member of sta and they will tell you what to
do.
Badgers
A badger set was found in the small quarry in thenorth west corner of the eld where archery takes
place. Badgers are usually nocturnal so you are
unlikely to see one during the day. They are also
dicult to spot a night, so if you manage to see one
you will be very lucky.
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Construcon Photographs
dormitory
activity centre
activity centre
activity centre
activity centre
activity centre
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