site specific - ewbelsalvador - homeewbelsalvador.wikispaces.com/file/view/600 - health 2015... ·...

EWB-USA Health and Safety Plan Revised 03/2013

Document 600 – Site-Specific Health and Safety PlanInstructions and Template for Plan Preparation

Please go to the EWB-USA website to make sure that you are using the most current version of this document.

The following document has been annotated to help your team to develop a site-specific health and safety plan (HASP) for your project. The goal of the HASP is to organize and consolidate the health, safety, and security information in a single place that can be carried on site in the event of an emergency, and to inform the members of the project team of the potential hazards associated with the project. EWB-USA requires a HASP be submitted at the same time as all pre-trip reports (521 - Pre-Assessment Report, 525 – Pre-Implementation Report, 525B – Pre-Implementation Short Form, and 530 - Pre-Monitoring Report) and that a printed copy of this document be carried on site to serve as reference in the event of an emergency. The ideal place for it is in the First Aid Kit.

This particular document is based on HASPs previously submitted by chapters with some elements added, generated or changed to illustrate an example of the minimum acceptable level of detail for your team’s HASP. This template is also based on the organizational health and safety requirements, which are outlined in the EWB-USA Health and Safety Policy available on the Health and Safety Program page of the EWB-USA website. Your team is expected to review the policy before completing your team’s HASP.

Section Comments and TipsThe annotations in the document provide general instructions or comments about the material to be presented in each section. The document itself is an example of what would be considered the minimum level of acceptable detail for your team’s approval to travel. The task hazards shown in this document are specific to the example project and your HASP will include different information.

The instructions and comments should be deleted prior to the initial HASP submittal to EWB-USA.

FormattingThe formatting in this document can be modified by the project team and is not intended to be a required format. EWB-USA is more concerned with the content of the plan and that the team prepares a comprehensive project-specific HASP.

Emergency Contact Page (Form 606)The 606 - Emergency Contact Page is Page 2 of the HASP but must be submitted as a separate document for review, along with the HASP. This page is the document referenced if the EWB-USA office needs to contact the chapter during the trip or for an emergency situation.

Attachment I: Task Hazards

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved


Attachment I contains EWB-USA’s standard task hazards that must be followed on all projects. All task hazard pages shall be included in the printed copy of the HASP in the event an unexpected hazard arises during a project. A pdf file of each task hazard management strategy is available on the Health and Safety Program page of the EWB-USA website.

If the team would like to modify items in this section, the proposed modifications must be brought to EWB-USA’s attention.

Revision History January 2008 - Original version September 2010 – Second Revision September 2011 – Third Revision March 2013 – Fourth Revision – Current Version

THE HASP TEMPLATE STARTS ON THE FOLLOWING PAGE. PLEASE DELETE THIS INSTRUCTIONAL TEXT BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR HASP FOR REVIEW.


Document 600SITE SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

CHAPTER: EWB-Philadelphia ProfessionalsCOUNTRY: El SalvadorCOMMUNITY: Las Delicias PROJECT: Water Project TRIP TYPE: IMPLEMENTATIONTRAVEL DATES: February-March 2015

PREPARED BY

Adam BrostowBrian Hamill

January 15, 2015

ENGINEERS WITHOUT BORDERS-USA


www.ewb-usa.org

EMERGENCY CONTACT PAGE/PROTOCOLS (Form 606)

Place holder for completed and printed 606 document



DIRECTIONS & MAP TO MEDICAL FACILITY

Nearest location on the map from Las Delicias is Lourdes (5 KM away). One of the several good hospitals within short (30-45 min) driving distance is Hospital de Diagnostico y Emergencias (ESCALON) Address: Paseo general Escalón y 99 Ave Norte Plaza Villavicencio Phone: 2264-4422 Emergencies: 2264-4422.

There is a small clinic run by the NGO in Las Delicias (see site map in following sections).

Here is the map and directions:



Driving directions to Paseo General Escalon, San Salvador, El Salvador 3D2D

LourdesEl Salvador

1. Head southwest 220 m

2. Continue straight onto CA 8W 1.0 km

3. Slight right toward Carretera Panamericana 450 m

4. Turn right onto Carretera Panamericana 7.9 km

5. Slight right toward Diego de Holguin 140 m

6. Continue straight onto Diego de Holguin 300 m

7. Sharp left onto Bulevar Diego de Holguin 6.3 km

8. Exit on the left onto Avenida Jerusalen 2.1 km

9. At the traffic circle, take the 1st exit onto Paseo General Escalon 850 m

Paseo General EscalonSan Salv Other hospitals include:

Hospital de Diagnostico y Emergencias Address: 21 Calle poniente y 2a diagonal #429 Urb. La Esperanza Phone: 2226-5111 & 2225-3073 Emergencies: 2226-5111.

Hospital de la Mujer Address: Between 81 & 83 Ave. Sur Calle Juan J Cañas Colonia Escalón Phone: 2265-1212, 2265-1210, 2263-5111 X-ray: 2263-5132 Emergencies: 2265-1212.

Hospital Centro Ginecológico Address: 2a Diagonal Urb. La Esperanza Phone: 2226-1899/1788/1911/1122 Admin/Fax: 2247-1400 Lab: 2247-1141/ 1143 Emergencies: 2242-1122.

Hospital Bloom (Pediatric Hospital) Address: 25 Avenida Norte (downtown) Phone: 2225-4114 Emergencies: 2286-3451.



Hospital Militar Central Address: Avenida Bernal y Calle Constitución Phone: 2250-0080 Emergencies: 2274-6067.

SIGNATURE PAGE Engineers Without Borders - USA Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan

Project Information

Name: Las Delicias Water Project

Location: El Salvador

Chapter: EWB-Philadelphia Professionals

Travel Dates

Start Date: 2-2015 End Date: 3-2015

Project Team H&S Representative SignaturesThe undersigned confirm that they have read the EWB-USA Health and Safety Policy, that they will make sure that each traveler submits their Personal Health Checklist (Form



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1Table 1.1 – Document History............................................................................................1

2.0 ORGANIZATION AND COORDINATION..........................................................................22.1 Key Project Personnel.......................................................................................................2

Table 2.1 – Key Project Personnel.....................................................................................22.2 Team Member Responsibilities........................................................................................2

Table 2.3 – Team Member Responsibilities.....................................................................23.0 TASK DESCRIPTIONS.........................................................................................................4

3.1 Specific Scope of Work.....................................................................................................43.2 Point-to Point Travel Details.............................................................................................5

Table 3.2: Point To Point Travel Details...........................................................................53.3 Project Schedule................................................................................................................7

Table 3.3 – Schedule............................................................................................................74.0 TASK SAFETY AND HEALTH RISK ANALYSES............................................................8

4.1 Preliminary Evaluation.......................................................................................................8Table 4.1 – Task Health & Safety Risk Analysis..............................................................8

4.2 Security...............................................................................................................................94.3 Chemical Hazards............................................................................................................104.4 Biological Hazards............................................................................................................104.5 Physical Hazards..............................................................................................................11

5.0 COMMUNICATIONS...........................................................................................................135.1.1 Cell Phones................................................................................................................135.1.2 Radios.........................................................................................................................135.1.3 Hand Signals..............................................................................................................135.1.4 Emergency Signals...................................................................................................135.1.5 Translator Names......................................................................................................145.1.6 International SOS......................................................................................................145.1.7 Email...........................................................................................................................145.1.8 Local Medical Clinic / Nearest Medical Professional...........................................145.1.9 Fire Response...........................................................................................................155.1.10 Police Response.....................................................................................................15

5.2 U.S. Check-In Contact.....................................................................................................15

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page of iv


6.0 PROTOCOLS........................................................................................................................156.1 Task By Task Health & Safety Protocols......................................................................15

01 Noise And Hearing Conservation..............................................................................1502 Inclement Weather.......................................................................................................1503 Heat Stress....................................................................................................................1604 Cold Stress....................................................................................................................1605 Footcare.........................................................................................................................1606 Confined Space............................................................................................................1607 Hot Work........................................................................................................................1608 Manual Lifting................................................................................................................1609 Rough Terrain...............................................................................................................1610 Housekeeping...............................................................................................................1611 Structural Hazards........................................................................................................1712 Remote Areas...............................................................................................................1713 Working Over/Near Water...........................................................................................1714 Traffic..............................................................................................................................1715 Heavy Equipment Operations....................................................................................1716 Fall Protection...............................................................................................................1817 Ladders..........................................................................................................................1818 Shoring and Trenching................................................................................................1819 Hazardous Materials Use and Storage.....................................................................1820 Demolition......................................................................................................................1821 Active and Abandoned Utilities and Landmines......................................................1822 Electrical Safety............................................................................................................1823 Hand and Power Tools................................................................................................1824 Hand and Emergency Signals....................................................................................1925 Lock Out Tag Out.........................................................................................................1926 Biological Hazards........................................................................................................1927 Hazardous Materials....................................................................................................1928 Clearing, Grubbing, and Logging...............................................................................1929 Falling Objects, Punctures, Abrasions, Dust, and Noise.......................................1930 Silica...............................................................................................................................19

6.2 Emergency Response Plans..........................................................................................207.0 TRAINING..............................................................................................................................21



7.1 Pre Mobilization Training.................................................................................................217.2 On Site Training................................................................................................................21

8.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)............................................................228.1 Rationale For Use............................................................................................................228.2 Criteria For Selection.......................................................................................................228.3 Listing By Task..................................................................................................................22

9.0 SITE CONTROL MEASURES............................................................................................239.1 Exclusion Zones...............................................................................................................239.2 Site Hygiene......................................................................................................................23

10.0 MEDICAL CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................................2410.1 Medications and Vaccinations......................................................................................2410.2 Location of and person responsible for First Aid Kit(s)............................................2410.3 Exposure/Injury/Medical Support (on site and off)....................................................2410.4 Medical Treatment Facilities (Location & Transportation).......................................2410.5 Incident Report...............................................................................................................24

11.0 POST MOBILIZATION REPORTING.............................................................................2511.1 System To Capture And Report Project Related Injury And Illness.......................2511.2 Participant Signatures...................................................................................................25

ATTACHMENT A: AREA MAP...................................................................................................1Table A-1: Area Site Coordinates..........................................................................................1Picture A-1: Area Map.............................................................................................................1

ATTACHMENT B: PROJECT SITE MAP..................................................................................1Table B-1: Site Coordinates...................................................................................................1Picture B-1: Project Site Coordinates...................................................................................1

ATTACHMENT C: TASK HAZARD ANALYSES......................................................................1Table C-1 – Site Specific Task Hazard Analysis..............................................................1

ATTACHMENT D: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ANALYSES........................1Table D-1 – Site Assessment & Investigation PPE Analysis.........................................1

ATTACHMENT E: MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS).......................................1ATTACHMENT F: POTENTIAL VENOMOUS SNAKES & SPIDERS..................................1ATTACHMENT G: TRAINING COPY CERTIFICATES..........................................................1ATTACHMENT H: REQUIRED MEDICAL KIT CONTENTS.................................................1ATTACHMENT I: TASK HAZARD MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES.....................................1



ATTACHMENT J: INCIDENT REPORT (Form 612) & ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS (Form 613).................................................................................................................................................1ATTACHMENT K: EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (FORM 614)....................................1ATTACHMENT L: ADDENDUM FOR TRAVEL TO A HIGH RISK COUNTRY/AREA OR TO A COUNTRY WITH A U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE TRAVEL WARNING.............1ATTACHMENT M: ADDENDUM FOR SMALL TRAVEL TEAMS/EXTENDED STAYS...1



1.0 INTRODUCTION

This site-specific Health and Safety Plan (HASP) is for the implementation trip that the Philadelphia Professional Chapter plans to take to Las Delicias, El Salvador. The project involves retrofit of the community’s pumped water supply system. This is the the final stage of implementation. For additional background on the program, project, and community please see the 525B-Pre-Implementation Report that was submitted before this HASP.

This HASP is the third HASP that has been submitted for work in this community under the water supply project. The table below summarizes the approval record of all previous versions of the HASP for work conducted in to Las Delicias, El Salvador.

Table 1.1 – Document HistoryDate Version of HASP H&S Reviewer Who

Approved DocumentMay 2014 525 Pre-Implementation Trip Report for

sanitation Joshua Knight

February 2012 521 Pre-Assessment Trip Report Joshua Knight

November 2011 521 Pre-Assessment Trip Report Joshua Knight

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page 1 of 25


2.0 ORGANIZATION AND COORDINATION

2.1 Key Project Personnel The key project personnel are identified in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 – Key Project PersonnelProject Title Name Email Phone Chapter

Name or Organization

NameProject Leads Brian

[email protected]

215-444-0128

EWB-Philly

Project Leads Adam Brostow

[email protected] 610-762-0911

EWB-Philly

President Walt Walker

[email protected]

610-717-6720

EWB-Philly

Mentor #1Mentor #2Faculty Advisor (if applicable)Health and Safety Officer

Levi Keene


EWB-Philly

Assistant Health and Safety Officer

Brian Hamill

[email protected]

215-444-0128

EWB-Philly

Education Lead NGO/Community Contact

Sister Gloria Petrone


EWB-Philly

U.S. Check-In Contact

Rich Cairncross

[email protected] EWB-Philly

2.2 Team Member Responsibilities The team member responsibilities are identified in Table 2.3 “Team Member Responsibilities”.

Table 2.3 – Team Member ResponsibilitiesTEAM MEMBER ROLE

Adam Brostow Implementation



TEAM MEMBER ROLE

Levi Keene Implementation

Jonathan Campos Implementation/Education

Brian Hamill Implementation

Paolo Belfiore Implementation/Community Outreach

Robert Ryan Water Quality



3.0 TASK DESCRIPTIONS

3.1 Specific Scope of WorkThe implementation trip will involve the following specific work tasks:

1. Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Cooling System : This is the final stage of the technical part of our implementation. The VFD was installed and tested. We are adding a small water-to-air heat exchanger to cool it, plus the enclosure to contain it.

2. Modified Pumping System Manual and Training: We want to both learn more about how the distribution system is run and instruct the community how to run it with modifications, including visual aids.

3. Valve box inspection

3.2 Point-to Point Travel DetailsThe implementation trip will involve the following travel:Table 3.2: Point To Point Travel Details

TRAVEL DATES TRAVEL DESCRIPTION

March, 2015

Arrive in San Salvador airport13°26’’27.41’’N89°03’20.62’’W Use Project FIAT (NGO) van or microbus to go to Casa Voluntariado

March, 2015

Stay every night at Casa Voluntariado Santa Rafaela Maria, 121 y 125 Hector Silva Romero, Colonia Medica, San Salvador, (Project FIAT)Tel: 011-(503) 2226-7601 or (7615)Travel every day to Las Delicias by NGO van with other volunteers (for safety) to install the VFD cooling system and or supervise the installation, and connect it to the existing water pump, and test the performance. Work with the local water committee on water system operating manual. Daily tasks will vary, depending on progress.13°44’55’’N89°20’38’’W

-

March, 2015 Depart San Salvador, El Salvador



TRAVEL DATES TRAVEL DESCRIPTION



3.3 Project ScheduleThe activities scheduled for this trip are indicated in Table 3.3 titled “Schedule”.Table 3.3 – Schedule

The schedule is tentative and focuses on physical tasks.

1. Travel2. Preparation at guest house; phone calls and team meeting 3. Las Delicias, meeting with the water committee4. Las Delicias, installation of the cooler enclosure (blister)5. Las Delicias, installation of the cooler enclosure (blister)6. Las Delicias, installation of the cooler within the enclosure7. Las Delicias, installation of the cooler within the enclosure8. Las Delicias, connecting the water piping9. Las Delicias, connecting the water piping, test10. Test11. Travel



4.0 TASK SAFETY AND HEALTH RISK ANALYSES

4.1 Preliminary EvaluationA brief summary of tasks and associated general hazards are further defined in the following table. This is our second implementation trip. The routine is the same. We are being driven every day from the Project FIAT guest house (wall, security guards, clean food) to the site by a dedicated driver. We avoid eating outside of the guesthouse

Table 4.1 – Task Health & Safety Risk Analysis

Implementation Trip

TASK ID TASK CHEMICAL

HAZARDSBIOLOGICAL

HAZARDSPHYSICAL HAZARDS

01 Travel to/from Site X

02 Eating / Drinking X

03 Trail Hiking X X

06 Panel Installation X X

05 Excavation X

06

4.2 Security

As of November 12, 2013, the ISOS Rating for El Salvador is MEDIUM, with no specific travel alerts . The ISOS summary of risk is as follows:

“Opportunistic and violent crime present the main security risks to foreign personnel. While the country has a high homicide rate, most murders occur in impoverished areas where most business travellers are unlikely to travel. Individuals are targeted based on perceived wealth and it is advisable to exercise caution while in tourist areas and crowded marketplaces. Street crime, such as bag-snatching, is a problem. Travellers to the Honduran border region should consider travelling with a local guide because there are concerns over landmines and unexploded ordnance close to the border. The country is vulnerable to tropical storms and hurricanes during the Caribbean's hurricane season (June-November), which can cause severe travel disruption. Internal travel and communications are complicated by infrastructure deficiencies.”



As of April 25, 2014, the U.S. State Department has posted a Travel Warning for El Salvador as quoted below. This trip is registered with the U.S. Embassy. Up-to-date security information can be found by calling 1-888-407-3737 in the U.S./Canada or 202-501-4444. This line is open from 8am-8pm Eastern Time M-F. The U.S. State Department security entry on El Salvador reads (in part) as follows.The Department of State continues to warn U.S. citizens that crime and violence levels in El Salvador remain critically high. This Travel Warning supersedes the Travel Warning dated August 9, 2013, and includes updated information on crime and security in El Salvador. Tens of thousands of U.S. citizens safely visit El Salvador each year for study, tourism, business, and volunteer work. There is no information to suggest that U.S. citizens are specifically targeted by criminals; however, crime and violence are serious problems throughout the country. Although Salvadoran police statistics show a decrease in annual homicides during 2012 and 2013, the homicide rate has been rising steadily since August 2013. From mid-February through April 2014, El Salvador has experienced an average of almost 10 people killed per day - the highest homicide rate since 2011. Since January 2010, 31 U.S. citizens have been murdered in El Salvador including a 9-year-old child in December 2013. During the same time period, 335 U.S. citizens reported having their passports stolen, while many others were victims of violent crimes.Typical crimes in El Salvador include extortion, mugging, highway assault, home invasion, and car theft. Recently, there have also been more cases reported in which criminals observe and follow customers making withdrawals at ATMs and banks, then rob them on the road or at a residence. Some victims unwittingly wander into gang-controlled territory and are killed, normally at night. Assaults against police officers have risen, and public shootouts are not uncommon. Armed robberies of climbers and hikers in El Salvador’s national parks are regular occurrences, and the Embassy strongly recommends engaging the services of a local guide certified by the national or local tourist authority when hiking in back country areas - even within the national parks. The National Civilian Police (PNC) has a special tourist police force (POLITUR) to provide security and assistance to visitors. It has officers located in 19 tourist destinations.El Salvador, a country of roughly 6 million people, has, according to Government of El Salvador statistics, thousands of known gang members from several gangs including Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Eighteenth Street (M18), and gang members are quick to engage in violence or use deadly force if resisted. These “maras” concentrate on narcotics and arms trafficking, murder for hire, carjacking, extortion, and violent street crime. In 2013, the number of people reported as missing in El Salvador increased by 93 percent. Authorities believe a significant number of disappearances are related to gang activity, since many of the missing were in gangs or were friends or family members of gang members. Police sources claim that the families of gang members often face the same risks of being killed or disappearing as the gang members themselves.Extortion is a particularly serious and very common crime in El Salvador. Some extortion attempts are no more than random cold calls that originate from imprisoned gang members using cellular telephones, and the subsequent threats against the victim are made through social engineering and/or through information obtained about the victim’s family. U.S. citizens who are visiting El Salvador for extended periods are at higher risk for extortion demands. Hitting its peak a few years ago, extortion rates have dropped in the last two years. However, recent reports



show an increase in the level of violence associated with extortion cases. Many extortions are not reported by victims for fear of reprisal and lack of faith in the ability of the government to protect the victims.U.S. citizens should remain alert to their surroundings, especially when entering or exiting their homes or hotels, cars, garages, schools, and workplaces. Whenever possible, travel in groups of two or more persons. U.S. Embassy security officials advise all U.S. government personnel not to walk, run, or cycle in the unguarded streets and parks of El Salvador, even in groups, and recommend exercising only in gyms and fitness centers. Avoid wearing expensive jewelry, and do not carry large sums of money or display cash, ATM/credit cards, or other valuables. Avoid walking at night in most areas of El Salvador, and do not walk alone near beaches, historic ruins, or trails. Incidents of crime along roads, including carjacking, are common in El Salvador. Motorists should avoid traveling at night and always drive with their doors locked to deter potential robberies at traffic lights and on congested downtown streets. Travel on public transportation, especially buses, both within and outside the capital, is risky and not recommended. The Embassy advises official visitors and personnel to avoid using mini-buses and regular buses and to use only radio-dispatched taxis or those stationed in front of major hotels.

4.3 Chemical Hazards

Chemical hazards are not anticipated for the site assessment trip. If a chemical hazard is encountered during the trip, proper skin and respiratory protection will be utilized.

4.4 Biological HazardsThe following web site, last checked August 16, 2013, gives information about health hazards in El Salvador:http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/el-salvador.htm

There is no malaria in San Juan Opico (where Las Delicias is located). Dengue fever is an issue. We will take every precaution, including extensive use of repellent, and clothing with long sleeves and pants.

Waterborne and food-borne diseases are a concern; as a result the EWB team will utilize food and water transported to the site from established safe sources. No vaccines are required to travel to El Salvador. Recommended vaccinations include yellow fever, typhoid, and hepatitis A.

In addition, working in a moist tropical environment will increase the risk of exposure to parasitic organisms. Such exposure is also possible through improperly prepared food and drinking unclean water. Team members will limit avoid prolonged exposure to wet environments and eat only safely prepared food and drink bottled water. No direct contact with water will be allowed or is anticipated.

A post trip health assessment is recommended for all travelers 2-4 months after return from the trip. All general information regarding possible adverse health effects from the trip will be submitted to EWB-USA by the Health and Safety leads to aid in future trip preparations.


http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/el-salvador.htm


El Salvador has several common species of venomous snakes and insects. The most commonly known are the Guatemalan jumping pit viper, Cantil frijolillo, Middle American rattlesnake, Western Hog-nosed pit viper, and the Coral snake. Summaries and photos of these snakes have been included in the Appendix. El Salvador also has several varieties of scorpions and spiders, including the South American Wandering Spider. The Hospital De Metapan has several of the common anti-venoms in stock.

Relevant management strategies include: TH 10 Housekeeping TH 13 Working Over/Near Water TH 26 Biological Hazards

4.5 Physical HazardsPhysical hazards exist in every significant phase of the project, from traveling on foot and in vehicles to and from the project site, to all tasks listed in Section 3.1. The following physical hazards have been identified at the project site:

- Heat stress is possible at all times, particularly at times of heavy manual labor.- Foot care is also important at all phases of the site investigation process due to the site

only being negotiable by foot and the potential for slippery conditions on the roofs. - Rough terrain is present at the project site in the form of brush and grasses but no rocky

ground or cliffs are present nearby- Housekeeping is important at all times both at the project site and at the hotel of residence

to limit clutter.- Remote area work will be performed and proper precautions must be followed such as

not traveling alone- Traffic may be an issue traveling to and from the project site- Fall protection and ladder safety is important at all times during the investigation of the

existing tanks.- Potholing will be required to research potential tank locations and special care must be

given to proper sloping and excavation techniques. - Noise protection will be required for operators of power tools and those in close

proximity. - Hand tool (wrenches) and power tool safety (electric drill) is relevant at all times during

the installation (an optional) additional pressure gauge.-

Relevant management strategies include: TH 02 Inclement Weather TH 03 Heat stress TH 05 Foot care TH 07 Hot Work TH 08 Manual Lifting and Handling Of Heavy Objects TH 09 Rough Terrain TH 10 House keeping TH 11 Structural Hazards TH 12 Remote Areas



TH 13 Working Over/Near Water TH 14 Traffic TH 16 Working At Elevations and Fall Protection TH 17 Ladders TH 18 Shoring and Trenching TH 22 Electrical Safety TH 23 Hand and Power Hand Tools TH 26 Biological Hazards TH 29 Falling Objects, Punctures, Abrasions, Dust, and Noise



5.0 COMMUNICATIONS

5.1 On Site CommunicationsThe project team will have the following on site means and methods of communication while on site and traveling thru the country:

5.1.1 Cell Phones

The team has a minimum of one (1) cellular phone with extended roaming coverage. It has been determined through a previous trip that cell phone coverage does exist at the project site. The project manager and primary health and safety officer will have possession of the cell phones.

The following numbers will be programmed into all cell phones when they are purchased:- Team Cell Phone Numbers- Group’s Driver- Local NGO Community Contact- Local Ambulance Service

The following directions are special dialing and operating instructions for the cell phones:- None

5.1.2 RadiosThe project team also will use a set of 2-way radios for distance communication among the group in past trips 2-way radio communication has been possible at all remote work sites and while traveling in multiple vehicles. The radio frequency will be selected while the radios are in use.

5.1.3 Hand SignalsHand signals will be used as a last resort and Task Hazard management strategy TH 26 “Hand and Emergency Signals” will be followed when hand signals are used. The team will follow the task hazard management strategy outlined in TH 24 ‘Hand and Emergency Signals’ when hand signal use is required.

5.1.4 Emergency SignalsThe likelihood of needing emergency signals is likely to be slim but may be necessary in the event of a storm, natural disaster, or security situation. The team will follow the task hazard management strategy outlined in TH 24 ‘Hand and Emergency Signals’ when emergency signal use is required.The team will use the following radio signal to indicate an emergency one (1) long sound, then on (1) short sound, followed by one long sound. After such is sent, the team will use a short sound to indicate to come to the location the team is in trouble or one (1) long sound to indicate the team needs to meet at the home base outlined in section 6.0.

5.1.5 Translator Names



For this trip, our team will use the help of Spanish speakers from the local NGO contact (Sister Gloria, Lynette) and our travel team members: Adam and Paolo.

5.2 Offsite CommunicationsThe project team will have the following off site means and methods of communication while on site and traveling thru the country:

5.2.1 Cell PhonesThe team will purchase a minimum of (1) cellular phone at the airport for use on the trip. It has been determined through a previous trip that cell phone coverage does exist at the project site. The following numbers will be programmed into all cell phones when they are purchased:

- U.S. Check In Contact- International SOS- U.S. Embassy- EWB Chapter Advisor

The following directions are special dialing and operating instructions for the cell phones:- None

5.2.2 International SOSEWB-USA has contracted with International SOS, to provide 24-hour access to the latest health, safety and travel advice worldwide. Their informational website provides information about vaccinations, country safety, appropriate hospitals and the political stability within the country to which they are traveling. We strongly recommend that all EWB-USA members visit the ISOS website and research the country to which you will be traveling to. You may access the service provided by ISOS through their website www.internationalsos.com or by calling 215.942.8226. Please note that you will need EWB-USA’s membership number: 11BCPA000270.

Additionally, ISOS provides support to EWB-USA members who face an emergency while traveling on an approved EWB-USA trip. If you are currently traveling abroad and need emergency assistance, contact ISOS immediately at 215.942.8226. You will need to provide them with the EWB-USA membership number 11BCPA000270.

5.2.3 EmailThe project team will have access to email thru the use of a computer at the Project FIAT guesthouse. The team will have an laptop and smart phone.

5.2.4 Local Medical Clinic / Nearest Medical Professional

The US Embassy in San Salvador has compiled a list of doctors in El Salvador that have been trained in US standards and are competent in English. The following is a list of local hospitals in San Salvador:

Hospital de Diagnostico y Emergencias (ESCALON) Address: Paseo general Escalón y 99 Ave Norte Plaza Villavicencio Phone: 2264-4422 Emergencies: 2264-4422.



Hospital de Diagnostico y Emergencias Address: 21 Calle poniente y 2a diagonal #429 Urb. La Esperanza Phone: 2226-5111 & 2225-3073 Emergencies: 2226-5111.

Hospital de la Mujer Address: Between 81 & 83 Ave. Sur Calle Juan J Cañas Colonia Escalón Phone: 2265-1212, 2265-1210, 2263-5111 X-ray: 2263-5132 Emergencies: 2265-1212.

Hospital Centro Ginecológico Address: 2a Diagonal Urb. La Esperanza Phone: 2226-1899/1788/1911/1122 Admin/Fax: 2247-1400 Lab: 2247-1141/ 1143 Emergencies: 2242-1122.

Hospital Bloom (Pediatric Hospital) Address: 25 Avenida Norte (downtown) Phone: 2225-4114 Emergencies: 2286-3451.

Hospital Militar Central Address: Avenida Bernal y Calle Constitución Phone: 2250-0080 Emergencies: 2274-6067.

The complete list for El Salvador can be found at http://spanish.sansalvador.usembassy.gov/ciudadanos-americanos/lista_medicos.html

5.2.5 Fire Response

Local fire station in Lourdes

5.2.6 Police Response

Local police station in Lourdes

5.3 U.S. Check-In Contact

The US Check-In Contact is Walt Walker (chapter’s president). He will be contacted every other day via email or text message and given a personnel count. We are also maintaining a project blog on the chapter website (http://ewbelsalvador.wikispaces.com ) that we intend to update while on-site.

If the team fails to make contact, and he is unable to reach the team via team cell phone or text message within 24 hours, he will contact the EWB-USA Emergency number.


http://ewbelsalvador.wikispaces.com/

http://spanish.sansalvador.usembassy.gov/ciudadanos-americanos/lista_medicos.html


6.0 PROTOCOLS

6.1 Task By Task Health & Safety ProtocolsThe following health and safety considerations / practices (i.e., protocols) will be used during the implementation trip. The team will focus on accident prevention throughout the entire trip and Attachment I contains the detailed task hazard management strategies that will be employed to prevent injuries on each of these project-specific protocols.

01 Noise And Hearing Conservation– The team does not expect to encounter excessive noise and hearing conservation issues during the trip because we will not be working around heavy equipment or using power hand tools.

02 Inclement Weather Inclement weather exists in the form of hot humid weather and the potential for torrential rainfall. Wide brimmed hats, plenty of hydration, and light colored loose clothing are recommended for participants. The risk of heavy rainfall is minimal due to work occurring in the dry season, however light rain storms are common. Shelter is available in the nearby clinic and church.

03 Heat Stress Bottled water for the day will be obtained every morning at the guest house the group will be staying at. Lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothing will be recommended. Sunburn affects a body's ability to cool itself and causes a loss of body fluids. It also causes pain and damages the skin. Wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen of SPF 15 or higher (the most effective products say "broad spectrum" or "UVA/UVB protection" on their labels) 30 minutes prior to going out are all recommended to combat heat stress and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. When working in the heat, monitor the condition of your co-workers and have someone do the same for you. Heat-induced illness can cause a person to become confused or lose consciousness.

04 Cold StressGiven the time of travel, the team does not expect to encounter a cold stress situation.

05 FootcareSturdy shoes or hikers will be required at all times. Socks made specifically for comfort and breathability will also be highly advised.

06 Confined SpaceWe may inspect water tanks. They are well-ventilated. The team will use a ladder while inside the tank. At least one person always stays outside to provide backup.

07 Hot WorkThe team will not be using torches, power hand tools, or chain saws so we do not expect to encounter any hot work situations.

08 Manual LiftingLifting is minimal.



09 Rough TerrainAll team members will be fit enough to traverse rough terrain and have appropriate footwear to do so.

10 HousekeepingAll team members will be expected to keep their personal spaces at the hotel free of clutter. Everyone will participate in grounds keeping of the site at the end of the day.

11 Structural Hazards– Structural hazards are minimal.

12 Remote AreasDue to the remote nature of the site, everyone is required to travel in groups, if possible with a Spanish-speaking team member and with one of the team’s mobile phones. Everyone must inform the Project Manager before leaving the vicinity of the site.

13 Working Over/Near Water– Water will not be encountered while working near the existing water storage tanks. No direct contact with the water will be allowed.

14 Traffic- Travel to/from the airport located in San Salvador and the community of Las Delicias will be by car and driver provided by Project FIAT (the NGO).

15 Heavy Equipment OperationsNone

16 Fall ProtectionNot required

17 LaddersThere are existing metal ladders on existing tanks but the team members are unlikely to climb them.

18 Shoring and TrenchingNone

19 Hazardous Materials Use and StorageNone

20 DemolitionNone

21 Active and Abandoned Utilities and LandminesNone



22 Electrical SafetyThe team will wear gloves and isolated shoes while working on any electrical item (circuit breakers, measuring current and voltage, installing new electrical panels). One team member is an electrical engineer.

23 Hand and Power ToolsUse of power tools is minimal to none.Likely hand tools include, wrenches, hand saw, hammer, file, screwdrivers, and pliers. All personnel using these will have proper training in the inspection and use of these tools, including the use of gloves, safety glasses and any other PPE that would be appropriate.

24 Hand and Emergency SignalsThe team does not expect to use hand and emergency signals during the trip, but to be proactive we will perform a training session prior to travel, on the first day we are in the country, and and necessary during the trip.

Hand and emergency signals will be required when the ability to vocally communicate is lost may be necessary in the event of a storm, natural disaster, or security situation.

25 Lock Out Tag OutNot applicable.

26 Biological HazardsBiological hazards include water borne and food borne illnesses and parasitic infections. All food and water will be obtained from previously verified “safe” sources at the guesthouse and certain restaurants. Uncooked and “washed” food items such as salads and water with ice in it in restaurants should be avoided. Direct contact will be avoided at all times will any untreated water source including streams. The tap water at the guesthouse is treated and is safe for bathing and washing but direct ingestion should be avoided as the actual quality is unknown. Bottled water is readily available. Recommended vaccinations include yellow fever, typhoid, and hepatitis A.

27 Hazardous MaterialsNone

28 Clearing, Grubbing, and LoggingN/A

29 Falling Objects, Punctures, Abrasions, Dust, and Noise No open shoes, shorts, or sandals are allowed during the site assessment.

30 SilicaN/A



6.2 Emergency Response PlansOur travel team will follow the 614-Emergency Response Plan that is included Attachment K.

Designated Meeting PointThe designated meeting point for all team members in the event of an emergency will be the medical clinic in Las Delicias (see map).

Land Ambulance ServiceLand ambulance service is available in the town of Lourdes.

Air Ambulance ServiceAir ambulance service is available thru ISOS. The phone number for the ambulance service is 2264-7911.



7.0 TRAINING Training will be provided prior to the team departing on the trip and while on site during daily task hazard review meetings.

7.1 Pre Mobilization TrainingHealth and Safety Officers are certified in CPR and he has completed first responder medical training (Title 22). Relevant certifications are listed in Attachment G. A general training and review on the following protocols will be provided prior to the teams departure:

TH 02 Inclement Weather TH 03 Heat stress TH 05 Foot care TH 09 Rough Terrain TH 10 House keeping TH 12 Remote Areas TH 13 Working Over/Near Water TH 14 Traffic TH 22 Electrical Safety TH 26 Biological Hazards TH 29 Falling Objects, Punctures, Abrasions, Dust, and Noise

7.2 On Site TrainingThe Health and Safety Officers will hold daily safety meetings at the project site prior to the commencement of activities. All relevant hazards potentially encountered over the course of the day will be identified and management strategies will be discussed.

CPR summary sheets will be carried by each member of the travel team.



8.0 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) Required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) will include sturdy hiking boots. Additional PPE, which is task dependant, includes gloves, and waterproof boots.

8.1 Rationale For UseThis project is for the assessment of the site. For this reason, the minimum required PPE includes sturdy hiking boots.

8.2 Criteria For SelectionBoots will be appropriate for hiking. Waterproof Boots/Gloves will be used for (unlikely) handling of electrical equipment.

8.3 Listing By TaskBoots will be worn regardless of activities. This is required to instill a safety attitude while on the project site. Rubber boots will be required if water is encountered during potholing prevent contact. See Attachment D for a detailed overview by task.



9.0 SITE CONTROL MEASURES

9.1 Exclusion ZonesAtmosphericThe team does not anticipate any atmospheric exclusion zones for this trip as we will not be working with chemicals or cutting/mixing silica based products.Physical ZonesThe team does not anticipate any physical exclusion zones for this trip as we will not be performing demolition, excavation, or overhead work tasks.

9.2 Site HygieneAll team members will be expected to keep their personal spaces at the hotel free of clutter. Everyone will participate in grounds keeping of the site at the end of the day.

10.0 MEDICAL CONSIDERATIONS

10.1 Medications and VaccinationsAll travel team members are recommended to obtain a physical prior to departure, and are required to fill out a personal health and emergency contact form listing medical conditions, treatments, location of medications, and relevant contact information. Recommended vaccinations include:

Current Tetanus Typhoid Hepatitis A.

Travelers are also advised to maintain US health insurance for at least one year after returning from the trip. All general information regarding possible adverse health effects from the trip will be submitted to EWB-USA by the Health and Safety leads to aid in future trip preparations. Management Strategies are available in Attachment I.

10.2 Location of and person responsible for First Aid Kit(s)At all times there will be a minimum of (1) HSO at the project site. The HSO will possess at all times the first aid kit.

10.3 Exposure/Injury/Medical Support (on site and off)Minor injuries, such as abrasions, will result in on-site treatment by qualified first aid responders. Significant injuries will result in transportation to the nearest qualified medical clinic.

10.4 Medical Treatment Facilities (Location & Transportation)The location of and map to the nearest medical treatment facility is identified in the preface and will be clearly posted at the site.



10.5 Incident ReportThe form in Attachment J will be completed within 24 hours of any incident. The incident will be reported to the appropriate Health and Safety Committee member at the earliest possible time via telephone or email. The EWB Health and Safety Committee representative for this project is identified in Section 2.2.



11.0 POST MOBILIZATION REPORTING

11.1 System To Capture And Report Project Related Injury And IllnessWeekly or daily reports will be submitted to the EWB-USA H&S Committee representative as required until the incident is deemed closed.

11.2 Participant Signatures HSOs will organize a briefing for EWB-USA participants about this document before departure, and this document will be available for them to read in its entirety before travel.

Participants are required to acknowledge that they have read, understand, and will comply with the protocols contained in this document. They will indicate their agreement in the travel waiver document submitted to EWB-USA.



ATTACHMENT A: AREA MAP

Table A-1: Area Site CoordinatesCoordinates in Point-to-Point Travel Details

Picture A-1: Area MapThe picture below has coordinates 13°44’57N 89°20’36”W and the white rectangle is an image of a detailed map of the streets and water system in Las Delicias. The travel team will carry a copy of the map with them at all times while in Las Delicias.

EWB-Philadelphia Professionals Health & Safety PlanEl Salvador, Las Delicias ATTACHMENT A

Page A-1 of A-1


ATTACHMENT B: PROJECT SITE MAP

Table B-1: Site CoordinatesCoordinates in Point-to-Point Travel Details and at the bottom of attached picture

Picture B-1: Project Site CoordinatesThe clinic (meeting point) has coordinates 13°45’11N 89°20’52”W

EWB-Philadelphia Professionals Health & Safety PlanEl Salvador, Las Delicias ATTACHMENT B

Page B-1 of B-1


ATTACHMENT C: TASK HAZARD ANALYSES Table C-1 titled “Site Specific Task Hazard Analysis” summaries the tasks and the anticipated hazards associated with each activity.

Table C-1 – Site Specific Task Hazard Analysis

TASKS

TYPE INDIVIDUAL HAZARDS

CH

EMIC

AL

BIO

LOG

ICA

L

PHY

SIC

AL

TH 0

1 –

Noi

se A

nd H

earin

g

TH 0

2 –

Incl

emen

t Wea

ther

TH 0

3 –

Hea

t Stre

ss

TH 0

4 –

Col

d St

ress

TH 0

5 –

Foo

t Car

e

TH 0

6 –

Con

fined

Spa

ce

TH 0

7 –

Hot

Wor

k

TH 0

8 –

Man

ual L

iftin

g

TH 0

9 –

Rou

gh T

erra

in

TH 1

0 –

Hou

seke

epin

g

TH 1

1 –

Stru

ctur

al H

azar

ds

TH 1

2 –

Rem

ote

Are

as

TH 1

3 –

Wor

king

Ove

r /N

ear W

ater

TH 1

4 –

Traf

fic A

nd V

ehic

les

TH 1

5 –

Hea

vy E

quip

men

t

TH 1

6 –F

all P

rote

ctio

n

TH 1

7 –

Ladd

ers

TH 1

8 –

Shor

ing

And

Tre

nchi

ng

TH 1

9 –

Haz

ardo

us M

at U

se

TH 2

0 –

Dem

oliti

on

TH 2

1 –

Util

ities

and

Lan

dmin

es

TH 2

2 –

Ele

ctric

al S

afet

y

TH 2

3 –

Han

d an

d Po

wer

Too

ls

TH 2

4 –

Han

d &

Em

erge

ncy

Sign

als

TH 2

5 –

Lock

Out

Tag

Out

TH 2

6 –

Bio

logi

cal H

azar

ds

TH 2

7 –

Haz

ardo

us M

ater

ials

TH 2

8 –

Cle

ar, G

rubb

, Log

ging

TH 2

9 –

Falli

ng O

bjec

ts, P

unct

ures

,

TH 3

0 –

Silic

a

TH 3

1 –

Not

e U

sed

01 Travel X X X X X X X X X

02 Eating / Drinking X X X X X

03 Trail Hiking X X X X X X X X

04 Work Site Inspection X

05 Labor Oversight

06 Surveying X X X X X X X

07 Excavate/Backfill Trench

08 Assemble piping and chlorinator

09 Chlorination of reservoir

10 Set chlorinator dosing

11Chlorine

monitoring and adjustment

12 O&M Training of Locals

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page C-1 of C-2


TASKS

TYPE INDIVIDUAL HAZARDS

CH

EMIC

AL

BIO

LOG

ICA

L

PHY

SIC

AL

TH 0

1 –

Noi

se A

nd H

earin

g

TH 0

2 –

Incl

emen

t Wea

ther

TH 0

3 –

Hea

t Stre

ss

TH 0

4 –

Col

d St

ress

TH 0

5 –

Foo

t Car

e

TH 0

6 –

Con

fined

Spa

ce

TH 0

7 –

Hot

Wor

k

TH 0

8 –

Man

ual L

iftin

g

TH 0

9 –

Rou

gh T

erra

in

TH 1

0 –

Hou

seke

epin

g

TH 1

1 –

Stru

ctur

al H

azar

ds

TH 1

2 –

Rem

ote

Are

as

TH 1

3 –

Wor

king

Ove

r /N

ear W

ater

TH 1

4 –

Traf

fic A

nd V

ehic

les

TH 1

5 –

Hea

vy E

quip

men

t

TH 1

6 –F

all P

rote

ctio

n

TH 1

7 –

Ladd

ers

TH 1

8 –

Shor

ing

And

Tre

nchi

ng

TH 1

9 –

Haz

ardo

us M

at U

se

TH 2

0 –

Dem

oliti

on

TH 2

1 –

Util

ities

and

Lan

dmin

es

TH 2

2 –

Ele

ctric

al S

afet

y

TH 2

3 –

Han

d an

d Po

wer

Too

ls

TH 2

4 –

Han

d &

Em

erge

ncy

Sign

als

TH 2

5 –

Lock

Out

Tag

Out

TH 2

6 –

Bio

logi

cal H

azar

ds

TH 2

7 –

Haz

ardo

us M

ater

ials

TH 2

8 –

Cle

ar, G

rubb

, Log

ging

TH 2

9 –

Falli

ng O

bjec

ts, P

unct

ures

,

TH 3

0 –

Silic

a

TH 3

1 –

Not

e U

sed

13 Electrical panel installation X X X X X X X X X X

14 Soil investigation

15 Supplemental health assessment

16 Existing latrine documentation

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page C-2 of C-2


ATTACHMENT D: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ANALYSES Table D-1 titled “Site Assessment & Investigation PPE Analysis” summaries the tasks and the PPE associated with each activity.

Table D-1 – Site Assessment & Investigation PPE Analysis

TASK

GENERAL FOOTWEAR EYE / HEARING HAND PROTECTION SPECIAL TRAINING

Seat

Bel

ts

Har

d H

ats

Long

Pan

ts

Long

Sle

eve

Shirt

Rai

n G

ear

Wor

k B

oots

Rub

ber B

oots

Safe

ty G

lass

es

Safe

ty G

oggl

es

Wel

ding

Hel

met

w

ith L

ens S

hade

Hea

ring

Prot

ectio

n

Leat

her G

love

s

Alk

ali-

Res

ista

nt

Rub

ber G

love

s

Pers

onal

Fal

l Pr

otec

tion

Res

pira

tory

Pr

otec

tion

Exca

vatio

n

Travel to/from site X A Eating/drinking on site A

Stacking cinder blocks

Cut and bend rebar

Concrete pouring

Concrete mixing

Building formwork

Welding and installing trusses

Scaffolding

Roofing

Digging septic tank hole

Installing leach field

Installing plumbing x A x

General electrical wiring x A x x x

Stuccoing

Painting

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page D-1 of D-2


Chemical Handling

Taking pictures of site

A = As RequiredX = Required?? = HSO To Determine

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page D-2 of D-2


ATTACHMENT E: MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)

N/A

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page E-1 of E-1


ATTACHMENT F: POTENTIAL VENOMOUS SNAKES & SPIDERS

From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseAgkistrodon bilineatus

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Ancistrodon bilineatum, A. bilineatus, Agkistrodon bilineatum, A. bilineatus bilineatus, A. b. howardgloydi, A. b. lemosespinali, A. b. russeolus, Trigonocephalus bilineatus, T. specialis

Common Names: Cantil, Mexican Moccasin, Mokassinslange, common cantil, vibora castelana, k'an ti, q'an ti, cazadora, cumcoatl, cantil de agua, cuatro narices, gammarrilla, volpochh, bil palka, kantiil [plus >10 additional local dialect names]

Description

Large, heavy-bodied pitviper, adults usually 80-120 cm (max. 138 cm) long w/ fairly long slender tail, fangs may be 12 mm long. Color variable, usually dark gray to almost black w/ 10-19 (usually 12-15) brown to black crossbands, often outlined by thin whitish lines; body may also have yellow, red, or lavendar scales; w/ 2 distinct pale lines along sides of head. Belly dark grayish to reddish-brown, lightest along middle, w/ scattered whitish spots (& often w/ dark chestnut-brown lateral spots).

Habitat

Most commonly found in seasonally dry, tropical deciduous scrub forest & large grassy plains w/ scattered trees, mainly in coastal foothills in parts of southern & western Mexico & Central America. Often shelters in crevices or under rocks. Mainly found in lower to moderate elevations, usually <600 m (max. about 1,500 m). Also found in the Rio Chixoy (Negro) Valley in central Guatemala.Activity and BehaviorMainly terrestrial & mainly nocturnal. Agressive when provoked; will strike repeatedly. Ovoviviparous w/ each female bearing about a dozen 10-inch long neonates/ litter. Preys on available small mammals, lizards, birds, amphibians & reptiles. Juveniles often eat invertebrates, too.Venom Characteristics• Primarily hemotoxic, necrotic effects reportedly often extensive; serious human envenomations & fatalities have

occurred. This apecies is the third most frequent cause of snake envenomations of humans in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico.

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page F-1 of F-11


From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseAtropoides occiduus

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Atropoides nummifer (in part), Bothriechis nummifera (in part), Bothriopsis affinis (in part), Bothrops affinis, Bothrops nummifer nummifer, B. n. occiduus, Porthidium nummifer occiduum, Trimeresurus nummifer (in part), T. n. nummifer (in part)

Common Names: Guatemalan jumping pitviper, mano de piedra, cantil sapo, chinchintor, sulcuat

Description

Small to medium-sized, very stout-bodied, terrestrial pitviper, adults usually 35-60 cm long (max. 79.5 cm). Body usually pale brown to burgandy-brown (rarely pinkish or purplish) w/ dark brown rhomboidal dorsal blotches, usually joined at vertebral line forming a zigzag pattern (at least on posterior half). Wide, dark brown postocular stripe. Middorsal scales strongly keeled, 21-27 midbody dorsal scale rows, belly usually lighter, often w/ dark spots or blotches, especially along sides.

HabitatMainly found in subtropical wet forest along the Pacific versant from southeastern Chiapas, Mexico to western El Salvador; but also in seasonally dry pine-oak forest near Guatemala City. Found mainly at medium to higher elevations (1,000-1,600 m).Activity and BehaviorTerrestrial, mainly nocturnal, but sometimes basks in sun. Sluggish, non-aggressive during the day. Can only strike for about 1/2 its body length (does not actually "jump" or launch itself). May open mouth very wide in a defensive display (usually while coiled) if molested. Sometimes holds onto prey after striking it. Ovoviviparous, preys mainly on small mammals, birds (sometimes also lizards & frogs).Venom Characteristics• Not well known, but probably mainly hemotoxic (w/ possible cytotoxic factors). Reportedly similar to A.

mexicanus in having relatively less potent venom than other pitvipers found in the same areas (e.g., B. asper). Has envenomated humans, but only recently named, and may have been confused w/ similar species previously. No definitely documented human fatalities have been caused by this species so far.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseCentruroides spp.

Identification

Family: ButhidaeScientific Names: Scorpio spp. (in part), Centrurus spp. (in part), Rhopalurus spp. (in part). [ Note: There are currently 50+ named species recognized in this genus, but only about 6 spp. are of medical importance (see medically important spp. addressed separately, individually).]

Common Names: Bark scorpions, house scorpions, common scorpions, "sculptured" scorpions

Description

Medium to large-sized, moderately-slender scorpions, adults usually 50-80 mm long (max. 110+ mm; varies by spp.). Body usually pale yellowish to medium-brown (some spp. dark brown), w/ varying patterns of darker gray or brownish dorsal stripes or blotches. Tail (postabdomen) rather slender, pincers rather slender & not very robust (= usually thin), legs usually pale yellow-brown. Most spp. are sexually dimorphic w/ thinner, longer males & stouter, shorter females.

Habitat

Found mainly in warm, relatively dry areas, usually w/ sandy soil & lots of loose bark (e.g. on or under logs), leaves, surface debris or crevices in which to hide. Most spp. limited to arid or semi-arid regions of the southwestern U.S., Mexico, Central America, the Antilles, &/or northern South America.Activity and BehaviorNocturnal, usually hide in crevices or under bark or debris by day, often come into houses. Prey mainly on available insects & other arthropods. Avoid humans unless cornered, stepped on or brushed against (usually while hunting at night or if trapped in clothing being donned), then sting quickly & try to escape. Ovoviviparous, >20 per "litter," young may ride on mother's back until 2nd instar. Whole body fluoresces (usually yellowish-green) in certain wavelengths of UV light.Venom Characteristics• Mainly neurotoxic, w/ cytotoxic factors in some spp. Potency varies w/ different spp. A sting (envenomation)

usually causes local pain, swelling, redness & discomfort (may be delayed 1-24 hrs.); sometimes spreads & includes numbness. Systemic effects may include muscle twitching, nausea, rapid heartbeat, slurred speach, sweating, coma & death (for some spp.). Cardiac failure reportedly causes most human deaths. Venom effects more severe in children than adults.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseCerrophidion godmani

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Bothrops godmani, Bothriechis godmani, B. trianguligera, Lachesis godmani, Porthidium godmani, Trimeresurus godmani

Common Names: Engl.: Godman's montane pitviper, Ger.: Godman-Berggrubenotter, Costa Riac: borot kabi, dudaban, toboba de altura, Guatemala: cantil frijolillo, sheta, tamagas, Honduras: timbo chingo, tamagas cafe, Mexico: nauyaca del frio, Nicaragua: toboa oscura, toboita

Description

Small, moderately-stout, terrestrial pitviper, adults usually 46-50 cm long (max. 82 cm); colors & patterns quite variable, body usually brown, reddish-brown, grayish-brown to nearly orange; dark brown blotches often merge to form a zigzag dorsal stripe, 21 midbody dorsal scale rows, dark postorbital stripe, venter pale yellow to orange w/ no mottling, darker toward tail.

Habitat

Found in a wide range of low montane wet forest & cloud forest, lower montane dry forest, largely pin oak; & high montane forest & meadow. Occurs at 1,400-3,491 m elevation. Limited to higher elevations of parts of southeastern Mexico & Central America.Activity and BehaviorMainly terrestrial, & mainly diurnal, often seen crawling or coiled along forest paths. May rarely climb up onto a log or stump, but usually found beside or under logs, rocks, or other large pieces of debris. Can move very rapidly, usually avoids humans, but will strike quickly if disturbed. Ovoviviparous w/ 2-12 young/ litter observed for captured specimens. Prey on a variety of available arthropods, small mammals, reptiles (mainly lizards), salamanders, & sometimes birds.Venom Characteristics• Not well known. Mainly hemotoxic, w/ potent myotoxic & proteolytic factors. Symptoms of envenomation of

humans may include: intense local pain, extensive local swelling (may involve whole limb), widespread itching, fever, headache, nausea & light-headedness (to the point of collapse in one observed case). Few bites & no fatalities of humans reported for this species.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseCrotalus simus

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Crotalus durissus (in part), C. d. culminatus, C. d. durissus, C. d. neoleonensis, C. d. tzabcan, C. s. culminatus, C. s. tzabcan, C. s. simus, C. terrificus (in part), C. t. copeanus

Common Names: Middle American rattlesnake, cascabel, vibora de cascabel, cascabela, chil-chil, kwechwah, quiakxop, sochaj, ahau-can, ah tsab ti'kkan, sakk ahaw kan, shunu, teotlacozauhqui, tepocolcoatl, teuhtlacozauhqui

Description

Medium-to-large, stout rattlesnake, adults usually 130-160 cm long (max. about 180 cm); body gray-brown, reddish-brown, yellowish-gray, yellowish-olive, straw, or orange; w/ 18-35 rhombic or diamond-shaped dorsal blotches, 27-33 midbody dorsal scale rows, belly whitish, yellowish or buff w/ gray blotches darker posteriorly, dark postocular stripe, conspicuous spinal ridge of strongly-keeled scales, tail w/ dark crossbands.HabitatFound mainly in semi-arid regions, w/ dry to very dry tropical forest, arid scrub forest, & thorn woodlands, but also sometimes in mesic forests in limestone outcrop areas, & along breaks in cloud forests. Ranges from central Mexico to western Costa Rica. Usually below 1,000 m but sometimes found at 1,500-2,200 m elevation. Also occurs on the Atlantic coast of Columbia; but no verified specimens from Panama.Activity and BehaviorNot well documented. Mainly diurnal, but often active at night, & mainly terrestrial. Ovoviviparous w/ 21 young/ litter reported for a captured female. Prey on available small mammals (sometimes also lizards &/or other snakes).Venom Characteristics• Mainly hemotoxic, but may have some tissue-necrotic factor(s). Bites often locally painful, may progress to

swelling & necrosis if severaly envenomated.•



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseCrotalus spp.

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Aploaspis, Aechmophrys, Caudisona, Crotalinus, Crotalophorus, Crotalurus, Haploaspis, Paracrotalus, Urocrotalon, Uropsophus [Note: This genus includes at least 30 currently named spp., & is most diverse on the Mexican plateau & surrounding mountains.]

Common Names: Rattlesnakes, pitvipers ("new world"), vipers

Description

Small to large, mainly terrestrial, fairly stout-bodied pitvipers, w/ multiple hollow "scales" (at least 1) at the tail tip, usually retained through molting & "rattle" if tail is shaken. Body color may be brown, gray, green, red, pink or yellow, usually w/ dorsal pattern of darker rhombs, blotches or spots (varies by spp.), & belly lighter w/ darker spots or blotches, tail usually w/ multiple alternate dark & light rings (blend well w/ usual surroundings), w/ 2 folding, upper front fangs.HabitatFound in a wide range of habitats (varies by spp.), but most are found in brushy edges of open areas of forests or margins of dry, or seasonally dry (often desert), & often rocky areas. Found from below sea level to 4,500+ m elevation (varies w/ spp., see individual spp. listed).Activity and BehaviorMost spp. mainly terrestrial & mainly nocturnal, but varies w/ physical conditions of typical habitat (esp. temperatures), & sometimes w/ season of the year. Most spp. wait in typical sites to ambush prey (usually small mammals, lizards etc.; & varies by spp.). All are ovoviviparous, litter numbers vary w/ spp. & female's body size.Venom Characteristics• Most spp. have mainly hemotoxic venom, often w/ additional tissue-necrotic factors (& sometimes neurotoxic or

cardiotoxic factors). Many species can & do cause serious human envenomations & deaths each year (varies by individual spp.).

•



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseLatrodectus mactans

Identification

Family: TheridiidaeScientific Names: Aranea mactans, Latrodectus albomaculatus, L. formidabilis, L. insularis insularis, L. i. lunulifer, L. intersector, L. mactans mexicanus, L. m. texanus, L. perfidus, L. sagittifer, Tetragnatha zorilla, Theridion lineatum, T. lineamentum, T. verecundum [Note: This is one of the 2 most geographically wide-spread & best known of at least 31 currently valid species in this genus.]

Common Names: Black Widow Spider, Southern Black Widow, red-back spider, jockey spider, Katipo, viuda negra, chiranthahua, arana brava, casampulga, la coya, arana naranja

Description

Medium-sized cobweb spider, females' body (cephalothorax + abdomen) usually 10-15 mm long, satiny dark-brown to black w/ reddish "hourglass" mark on posterior ventral abdomen, often w/ a reddish spot on dorsal abdomen just above its tip. Female abdomen rounded & globular. Males much smaller, rather slender w/ relatively long legs. Males & young often w/ varying pattern of many stripes or blotches of red, white & brown on body.

Habitat

Most often found hanging in typical "cobwebs" in upper corners of basements, crawl spaces, outbuildings, & under seats of outdoor privies, usually near garbage or debris, wherever insect prey is abundant. Geographically wide spread. Found in southern U.S. (New York to northern California & southward), several Caribbean islands, Mexico, & Central & parts of South America.Activity and BehaviorMainly nocturnal, hangs in web awaiting prey, usually tries to get away from large animals & people, but will often aggressively defend its egg clusters (sacs) which it has hung in its web. Feeds on nearly any kind of insect or arthropod which gets caught in its web. Males are not always eaten after mating w/ a female, usually only if female has not fed recently, but he is often "biologically spent" & dies soon afterward anyway.Venom Characteristics• Mainly neurotoxic (presynaptic sites). Bite usually like a pinprick, often not felt 'til 15 min. later, then pain may

be locally intense. Severe envenomation causes symptoms like spreading intense pain, lots of sweating, fast & shallow breathing, eyelids swollen, alternating excess & lack of salivation, cardiac rate & rhythm changes, rigid abdominal muscles, sight impaired (seeing "light" spots). Human fatalities rare (<5%, untreated) & often due to additional medical problems.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabaseMicrurus nigrocinctus

Identification

Family: ElapidaeScientific Names: Elaps divaricatus, E. fulvius, E. melanocephalus, E. nigrocinctus, Micrurus nigrocinctus babaspul, M. n. coibensis, M. n. divaricatus, M. n. mosquitensis, M. n. nigrocinctus, M. n. ovandoensis, M. n. ruatanus, M. n. wagneri, M. n. yatesi, M. n. zunilensis, Micrurus pacheoi

Common Names: Central American coral snake, coral, Coral Centroamericana, coralillo, gargantilla, salviara, limlim, babaspul, coral macho

Description

Medium-sized 3-colored coral snake, adults usually 60-75 cm long (max. 115 cm). Quite variable; may be 2- or 3-colored. Snout black, usually w/ a yellow ring (red in bicolored specimens) of variable width on head at about the midpoint. Body pattern usually fairly broad red rings separated by much narrower sets of yellow-black-yellow rings (rybyr). Usually w/ 10-24 black rings on body, & 3-8 more on tail.

Habitat

Found mainly in lowland rain forest, lowland dry forest, thorn forest, lower montane wet (or moist) forest, & lower montane dry forest. Occurs mainly from sea level to 1,300 m elevation (one report at 2,000 m). Occurs from southern Mexico to northwestern Colombia, except no specimens from Belize, so far.Activity and BehaviorMainly nocturnal, but active at dusk, dawn & sometimes after rains. Mainly terrestrial & burrows in loose soil & leaf litter. Usually not aggressive, but will bite if restrained or molested. Oviparous (clutch size reportedly 2-11 eggs) & eats locally available other snakes (cannibalistic), lizards, amphibians, & invertebrates.Venom Characteristics• Has mainly potent neurotoxic venom which can be injected through a pair of grooved, upper, fixed front fangs.

Due to the small size of their mouths, coral snake bites to humans usually occur on a finger or toe, & usually during attempts to catch the snake. This species is abundant throughout most of its range, & is the main cause of coralsnake bites of humans within its range.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabasePelamis platurus

Identification

Family: HydrophiidaeScientific Names: Anguis platura, Hydrophis bicolor var. sinuata, H. pelamis, Hydrus bicolor, H. platurus, Pelamis bicolor, P. b. var. sinuata, P. b. var. variegata, P. ornata. P. platurus, P. schneideri

Common Names: Yellow-bellied sea snake, Pelagic sea snake, cantil listada, zapatilla, serpiente de mar

Description

Medium-sized, slender sea snake, adults usually <75 cm long (max. 113 cm). The tail is laterally flattened & oarlike. Body color pattern is highly variable (in detail) but basically involves a black or brown dorsum w/ a yellow or cream venter (lower half). Color of tail is yellow, w/ alternating upper & lower large dark blotches (somtimes w/ 1 or more stripes) on both sides.

Habitat

Found only in the Pacific & Indian Oceans; sometimes drifts in large numbers in offshore waters w/ temperatures >20 degrees C. Can be found in coastal (or even open ocean) marine waters from South Africa, to the Persian Gulf, to India, to Australia, to the western coasts of Central & northern South America. Rarely, individual specimens may be found outside this range (e.g, on western Mexican coast).Activity and BehaviorUsually floats among flotsam or floating seaweed at the surface in tropical or subtopical zones of the Pacific & northern Indian Oceans. Captures small fish that happen near via a quick sideways lunge. Quite inoffensive, but when restrained or when stranded on a beach it will bite (& may actively strike) to defend itself.Venom Characteristics• Highly potent venom containing post-synaptic neurotoxins. Most natural marine predators, like predatory fish &

even sharks, usually avoid this snake. Scavengers also tend to avoid specimens which have been washed up onto a beach & are dying.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabasePhoneutria spp.

Identification

Family: CtenidaeScientific Names: [Note: This genus currently includes 5 named species: Phoneutria bahiensis, P. boliviensis, P. fera (the largest, & shown here), P. nigriventer (bites sometimes lethal without use of antivenom), & P. reidyi.]

Common Names: Wandering spiders, banana spiders, South American wandering spiders

Description

Large, stout spiders w/ body (cephalothorax + abdomen) about 3.5 cm long, legs usually span 5+ cm. Body color light to dark-brown to black, covered w/ thick, short yellow to dark-brown hairs. Pattern varies by spp., usually a middorsal dark line on carapace & lines &/or bands of whitish spots (some spp. w/ dark-brown spots too) on top &/or sides of abdomen. Front 2 pairs of legs w/ distinct lighter ventral crossbands which show during threat displays.

Habitat

Most spp. are found mainly at or near ground level in moist to seasonally dry margins of forest clearings or at agricultural sites (esp. around bananas), w/ vegetation, organic debris, & lots of hiding places (like between palm fronds) & ample prey. Some spp. common in & around humans' buildings. Individual species' ranges differ, most limited to central & northern South America (1 sp. in Central America) at low to moderate elevations. Often carried long distances in commerce.Activity and BehaviorMainly nocturnal, respond to vibrations, usually wait in hiding & "ambush" a wide variety of prey (mainly insects & other arthropods, but often small vertebrates, too). Surprisingly quick, fast, & agile for their relatively large size. Adult females can jump about 1 ft. laterally at the same level as their resting place. Aggressive if even slightly disturbed, usually raise front 2 pairs of legs (fully extended) in a threat display, just before rushing at an intruder.Venom CharacteristicsMainly neurotoxic (w/ possible cardiotoxic factors), most spp. have large volume of venom available. Several spp. are easily provoked to bite if disturbed, stepped on (or near), or brushed against. Only 1 sp. (detailed separately) is known to cause human fatalities, but others can inflict very painful bites & may pose a heath risk, especially to persons w/ other medical problems. For details of typical symptoms of serious envenomation, See Phoneutria nigriventer.



From the Armed Forces Pest Management Board Living Hazards DatabasePorthidium ophryomegas

Identification

Family: ViperidaeScientific Names: Bothriechis ophryomegas, Bothropsis ophryomegas, Bothrops ophryomegas, B. lansbergii annectens, Trimeresurus lansbergii annectens, T. ophryomegas

Common Names: Slender hog-nosed pit viper, Western hog-nosed pit viper, vibora castellana, tamagas negro, toboba, toboba chinga, toboba gata, corniz, chatilla

Description

Small, fairly slender pitviper w/ upturned snout, adults usually 40-50 cm long (max. 80 cm). Body may be tan, brown, gray, or grayish-brown, w/ a narrow white, yellow, or rust brown middorsal line, 23-28 (usually 25) midbody dorsal scale rows, & 24-40 dark rhombs along each side. Dark postocular stripe, belly paler w/ heavy dark brown mottling (esp. along front edge of each ventral scale). Some specimens very pale w/ much lighter markings. Tail heavily mottled on basal half, paler near tip.

Habitat

Mainly found in seasonally dry forests, including tropical dry & arid forest, subtropical dry forest, & the drier portions of tropical moist forest. Occurs from sea level to 1,000 m elevation. May occur in suitable habitats in southeastern Mexico, but no specimens documented from there, so far.Activity and BehaviorMainly terrestrial & mainly nocturnal; most active during local rainy seasons. Alert & quick to strike, especially if molested. Ovoviviparous w/ 12-19 young/ litter observed for captured specimens. Preys mainly on lizards, frogs, & small mammals.Venom CharacteristicsNot much known, but probably mainly hemotoxic w/ tissue-necrotic factors. Reportedly has relatively low venom yield, & envenomation should usually have only mild to moderately severe effects (mainly pain & swelling). No human fatalities reported, so far, from bites by this species.



ATTACHMENT H: REQUIRED MEDICAL KIT CONTENTS

Required Group Medical Kit Contents There will be one (1) large medical kit with the contents listed in Table I-1. Additionally, each group will have a smaller travel site medical kit with them when they travel. Currently it is anticipated there will be 5 people traveling with each group performing implementation in a groups of two (2) at a minimum. Additionally, EWB-USA members will not provide treatment for host country community members beyond first aid unless they are licensed medical professionals and understand the local laws on practicing medicine.

NUMBER IN KIT ITEM

1

Site Specific Health and Safety PlanPage one is the Emergency Contact Page, laminated and printed on brightly colored paperThe personal medical checklists should be placed in a sealed envelope immediately following the Emergency Contact Page, or the location of the Checklists should appear here. HSOs must return the checklists to their owners at the end of the trip.

1 A field manual of first aid can be very useful for rapid reference. One recommended book is: “The Field Guide of Wilderness and Rescue Medicine” by Jim Morrissey and David Johnson *

1 Small notebook and pen/pencil for recording vital signs

2 Safety glasses (for bloodborne pathogens)

2 CPR face shields or (even better) pocket mask

1 box Sterile and non-sterile gloves, 1 box or a minimum of 12 pairs

1 box Antiseptic wipes or “baby wipes” - 1 box

1 bottle Alcohol-based gel hand cleanser - 1 bottle

12 Providone Iodine swabs or a small bottle of betadine

1 bottle Antibacterial soap

1 bottle Hydrogen peroxide

3 bottle Sterile Eye Wash. Opened bottles should be replaced at the start of every trip. 3 bottles recommended for those doing concrete work or working with chemicals.

1 Cold pack – 4 in. x 5 in

3 Extra soft toothbrush for cleaning wounds

1 tube Antibiotic ointment (Neosporin, Bacitracin, or generic equivalent) - 1 tube

1 Topical over the counter anesthetic (Anbesol or Chloraseptic spray) Fouille First Aid Ointment if you can get it.

1 box Band-Aid assortment; and Blister dressings (Bandaid blister, moleskin, etc. Choose band-aids with elasticized cloth that stay on for days. Plastic ones don't last as long.)

3 Absorbent compress or Trauma Dressings ~ 32 sq. in. (81.3 sq. cm.) with no side smaller than 4 in. (10 cm)

1 Adhesive tape, 5 yd. (457.2 cm) total

6 Burn treatment, 0.5 g (0.14 fl. oz.) applications

4 Triangular bandages, 40 in. x 40 in. x 56 in. (101 cm x 101 cm x 142 cm)

2 Roller bandage - 4 in. (10 cm)

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page H-1 of H-3


NUMBER IN KIT ITEM

1 Roller bandage - 2 in. (5 cm)

1 Ace Wraps – try to get a few sizes of these

1 box Sterile gauze pads, 4x4”

1 box Non adherent dressing (Telfa), 4x4”

1 Roll of Coban wrap (a.k.a. Vet Wrap)

2 Scissors, one pair of trauma shears for slicing bandages and cutting clothing, and one small pair for cutting more delicate things (like skin)

2 Tweezers, one small for pulling splinters and stingers, and a broader tip with grippers for picking rocks out of wounds.

Small box Safety pins of various sizes

1 Thermometer

1 Ziplock bag containing a clean XL t-shirt. Can be cut up for bandages, used as a sling, or put on a patient for modesty.

2 of each

Extra syringes/needles of varying sizes (for local physician to use if a member of the team is taken to a local medical facility. Team members should a v o i d using local syringes or needles whenever possible. (If supply is a problem, advise reusing needles in the same person. This is reasonably safe - we don't in medicine but most diabetics do. They get dull after a while, but the risk of infection is very small compared to using needles in many developing world clinics.)Needles: 20g x 1", 22g x 1" Syringes: 3 ml, 5 ml, (20 ml for irrigation of wounds)18g and 20g IV catheters and/or butterfly needles

1 Portable water filter, such as the ceramic type with the 0.2 pm filter. Three stage MSR or PUR water filters are probably the best. If the water is clear, the new light sterilizers work. *

1 Emergency Dental Kit (Cavit if you can get it) *

1 Stethoscope *

1 Four inch SAM splint *

1 Finger splint *

1 box each

Mylanta Pepto Bismol Imodium tabletsCimetidine *Dramamine (Motion sickness pills are also useful in vomiting illnesses and much safer than what might be given at the local clinic)Benadryl or generic diphenhydramine, 25 mg capsules (allergies)Tylenol (500 mg tablets) (mild pain relief/fever reduction)Ibuprofen (200 mg tablets) (anti-inflammatory/pain relief)Aspirin (heart attacks)



NUMBER IN KIT ITEM

Appropriate to trip

duration and number of travelers,

Primatene Mist (asthma)*Steroid cream for rashesPowder (Monkeybutt) for chafes *Antifungal cream *Antiyeast tablets or cream for women *NeoSynephrine nasal spray (decongestant)*Sodium tablets (heat cramps) *Small hard candies like Jolly Ranchers or LifeSavers (must contain sugar – for diabetics) *Iodine tablets OR chlorine tablets with neutralizer for disinfecting water *1 ft square of muslin cloth for filtering sediment from water before disinfection *

Up to 1/day Gatorade packets

1 pack Quikclot

1 Dermabond or super glue *

* Optional components

Notes:1. This list can and should be customized to your site, and optional components are marked by *. 2. The first aid kit should be repacked, inventoried and restocked before every trip.3. Antibiotics are not on this list, but travelers can generally get a personal prescription for Cipro or other antibiotics from their primary care physician or a travel medicine specialist.4. Those with a history of asthma/allergies are advised to investigate a prescription for epinephrine (Epipen)4. EWB-USA volunteers are not permitted to provide medical treatment or medicines beyond first aid to locals unless they are licensed to do so. 5. Most of the equipment can be purchased from the drug store. For more specialized items or prepackaged kits, here are some online vendors:

www.conterra-inc.comFirst Aid Packs and Bagswww.adventuremedicalkits.comComplete First Aid Kitswww.helenbacfirstaid.comComplete First Aid Kitswww.mooremedical.comFirst Aid Supplieswww.boundtree.comFirst Aid Supplies



ATTACHMENT I: TASK HAZARD MANAGEMENT STRATEGIESTask Hazards List

TASK HAZARD DESCRIPTION REVISION DATE

TH 01 Noise and Hearing Conservation May 2008TH 02 Inclement Weather May 2008TH 03 Heat Stress May 2008TH 04 Cold Stress May 2008TH 05 Foot Care May 2008TH 06 Confined Space May 2008TH 07 Hot Work May 2008TH 08 Manual Lifting and Handling of Heavy Objects May 2008TH 09 Rough Terrain May 2008TH 10 Housekeeping May 2008TH 11 Structural Hazards May 2008TH 12 Remote Areas May 2008TH 13 Working over or near water May 2008TH 14 Traffic and Vehicles May 2008TH 15 Heavy Equip Operation May 2008TH 16 Working at Elevation and Fall Protection May 2008TH 17 Ladders May 2008TH 18 Shoring and Trenching May 2008TH 19 Hazardous Materials Use and Storage May 2008TH 20 Demolition May 2008TH 21 Active and Abandoned Utilities and Landmines May 2008TH 22 Electrical Safety May 2008TH 23 Hand and Power Hand Tools May 2008TH 24 Hand and Emergency Signals May 2008TH 25 Lock Out Tag Out May 2008TH 26 Biological Hazards May 2008TH 27 Hazardous Materials May 2008TH 28 Clearing Grubbing and Logging May 2008TH 29 Falling Objects, Punctures and Abrasions May 2008TH 30 Silica May 2008TH 31 Not Used May 2008

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page I-1 of I-1


ATTACHMENT K: EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (FORM 614)

PLEASE NOTE: This is a procedural document and meant to be a resource for chapters. There is nothing for the chapter to fill-out and the chapter does not need to submit this document to the EWB-USA national office. However, the Health and Safety Officers should carry at least one copy of this document with him/her on each trip.

The health and safety of our members is a priority for EWB-USA. International field work in general and specifically construction is inherently dangerous and carries additional hazards that may not be mitigated by planning. The Emergency Response Plan is the team’s guide for handling both emergent (serious injury or illness that requires medical treatment in country, or safety situations that involve non-EWB-USA personnel) and non-emergent incidents (minor injury or illness) that involve EWB-USA members during EWB-USA trips. This plan consists of the following: 1) Process Flow Instructions – Detailed instructions for what to do under each

step of the process flow for each of the three types of incidents; 2) Process Flow Chart (Page 6) - Provides the basic outline for the procedures to

follow for a each of the three types of incidents – minor injury or illness, serious injury or illness, and safety situations; and

3) Incident Report Form (form 612) – Form which standardizes the documentation of incidents. Documenting and reporting incidents or near incidents is necessary so that the H&S program can continue to evolve, improve and serve to provide the best protection possible for our volunteers and in-country partners. This form can be found on the Sourcebook Downloads page of the website and should also be included in your HASP.

Process Flow Instructions

The incident response process flow follows the three types of incidents: Steps A1 – A6b: Minor injury or illness; Steps B1 – B9: Serious injury or illness; and Steps C1 – C9: Safety situations.

The Health and Safety Officers (HSOs) will be responsible for determining if the incident is a minor injury/illness or a serious injury/illness. The HSOs will also initiate these response steps, depending on the incident type.

MINOR INJURY/ILLNESS

Definition: Minor injury or illness is described is an occurrence that is not life-threatening and does not require hospitalization. A minor injury or illness can be treated by the HSO

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page K-1 of K-7


on-site using the team’s first aid kit or at a local clinic.

A1. Health and Safety Officer (HSO) NotifiedThe HSO should be notified of the team member who has suffered a minor injury or illness. If the HSO is the team member who has suffered a minor injury or illness, than the second HSO should be notified.

A2. Treat On-SiteThe HSO or other trained person should treat injury or illness on-site using first aid kit or should assist victim in getting to local clinic for medical attention.

A3. Rest and Reduce ActivityThe person who has suffered a minor injury or illness should rest and reduce his/her level of activity until he/she is feeling better.

A4. Prepare Incident ReportThe HSO should complete an incident report for any minor injury or illness and this should be submitted to the EWB-USA chapter relations manager (CRM) immediately upon return to the U.S.

A5. Monitor ConditionThe HSO should continue to check-in with the affected team member and monitor his/her condition.

A6a. Closeout Incident with National OfficeWhen the incident has been resolved in its entirety, the HSO should send a close-out e-mail to chapter relations manager (CRM) to let the national office know that no further action is necessary.

A6b. Condition WorsensIf his/her conditions worsens to a major injury or illness, the HSO should be contacted immediately and should follow the process flow for Step B – Serious Injury or Illness.

SERIOUS INJURY/ILLNESS

Definition: Serious injury or illness is described as an incident that may or may not be life threatening, but requires hospitalization or evacuation.

B1. Health and Safety Officer (HSO) NotifiedThe HSO should be notified of the team member who has suffered a serious injury or illness. If the HSO is the team member who has suffered a serious injury or illness, than the second HSO should be notified.

B2. Stabilize Victim The HSO should stabilize the victim.



B3. Transport Victim to Medical FacilityThe HSO should determine the best way to transport the victim to a medical facility based on the type and seriousness of injury or illness. Please note: Seven Corners does not assist with finding a local ambulance or emergency transport, but you should maintain receipts so that you can seek reimbursement from Seven Corners.

B4. Contact Seven Corners Insurance or Contact University/College Travel Insurance (for student members who do not have Seven Corners Insurance)Another team member should contact Seven Corners Insurance as soon as possible, but within 48 hours of the incident, to inform them of the situation. If the injury seems life threatening, call Seven Corners so that they can be prepared to start evacuation procedures should final medical analysis require evacuation

U.S., Canada & Caribbean: 1-800-690-6295 (Toll Free)International:* Toll Free Country Access Codes + 800-690-6295Collect Calls: 0-317-818-2808 (This line is monitored 24 hours a day)

When contacting Seven Corners, please have your ID card on hand so you can supply the following:

1. Your full name as it appears on the card2. Your policy Certificate #3. Date of Birth

Please Note: In medical emergency and/or medical evacuation situations, no cash/credit card should have to change hands. Once you/your team calls Seven Corners' 24/7 number, a call from the insurance company to the evacuation service/hospital should suffice to ensure that payment is guaranteed. All claims will be settled directly by Seven Corners. EWB-USA is not responsible for claim settlement.

For students who are covered by their university/college travel insurance and who do not have Seven Corners insurance, you should follow the procedures provided to you by your university/college and insurance company you are covered by.

B5. Call EWB-USA Emergency PhoneContact the EWB-USA emergency phone: +1 303 478-8244 to report the situation. The EWB-USA national office will notify the victim’s emergency contact listed on the 606 – Emergency Contact Page.

B6a. HospitalizeIf recommended by the physician, admit the victim to a hospital. Contact Seven Corners to determine if hospital is within Seven Corner’s network, in which case Seven Corners will arrange payment directly with the hospital upon patient’s discharge from the facility.

B6b. Emergency Medical EvacuationIf medical evacuation is recommended by the attending physician, contact Seven Corners to make evacuation arrangements for the associated expenses. It is important



to remember that evacuation travel (and related) charges which have not been approved and arranged by Seven Corners will not be eligible for insurance benefits.

If Seven Corners does not provide adequate assistance, contact International SOS.

ISOS PHILADELPHIA Alarm Center: +1 215 942 8226Membership number: #11BCPA000270

B6c. Release and MonitorIf recommended by the physician, victim can be released from hospital. HSO should work with victim to fill any prescriptions, follow any medical advice and should monitor the victim in case condition worsens. All receipts should be retained for reimbursement from Seven Corners.

B7. Prepare Incident ReportThe HSO should complete an incident report for any serious injury or illness and this should be submitted to the EWB-USA chapter relations manager (CRM) immediately upon return to the U.S. B8. Updates to EWB-USA National OfficeAfter hospitalization, evacuation or release, contact the EWB-USA emergency phone to provide updates on the victim’s condition. The EWB-USA national office staff will then notify the victim’s emergency contact.

B9. Closeout Incident with National OfficeWhen the incident has been resolved in its entirety, the HSO should send a close-out e-mail to chapter relations manager (CRM) to let the national office know that no further action is necessary.

SAFETY SITUATION

Definition: Any event which poses a threat to team members, including natural disasters, political insurrection, kidnap, ransom, or other life-threatening criminal activity.

C1. Gather Team Members and Seek a Safe LocationIf the HSO is not aware of the safety situation, she/he should be notified. Meet at established emergency meeting point. Stay together as a group and seek safety.

C2a. Natural Disaster - Contact International SOS, U.S. Embassy In the case of a natural disaster such as a flood or earthquake, contact International SOS. Insurance from Seven Corners applies only if a member of your team has a medical emergency. You may also contact the U.S. Embassy for information and possible assistance.

ISOS PHILADELPHIA Alarm Center: +1 215 942 8226Membership number: #11BCPA000270



C2b. Political or Military Events – Contact Seven Corners or College Travel Insurance (for student members who do not have Seven Corners Insurance) and U.S EmbassyIn the case of political or military events and there is a formal recommendation for you to leave the country, contact Seven Corners for assistance with evacuation to the nearest place of safety. If you are covered by your university’s travel insurance, please follow those procedures. You may also contact the U.S. Embassy for information and possible assistance.

U.S., Canada & Caribbean: 1-800-690-6295 (Toll Free)International:* Toll Free Country Access Codes + 800-690-6295Collect Calls: 0-317-818-2808 (This line is monitored 24 hours a day)

When contacting Seven Corners, please have your ID card on hand so you can supply the following:

4. Your full name as it appears on the card5. Your policy Certificate #6. Date of Birth

C2c. Kidnap or Ransom – Contact EWB-USA Emergency PhoneIn a case of kidnap or ransom, contact EWB-USA Emergency Phone immediately and wait for instructions. +1 303 478-8244

C3. Assess Injuries and Seek Medical AttentionIf any team member has been injured and requires medical attention, begin the process flow starting with Step B1.

If injuries, go to Step B1. If no injuries:

C4. Contact EWB-USA Emergency PhoneIf you have not done so already, contact the EWB-USA emergency phone: +1 303 478-8244 to report the safety situation.

Internet access and cell phone reception are still sometimes intact, even when landlines are not. Satellite phones are generally the best option. If telephone access is limited, EWB-USA can keep emergency contacts informed.

C5. Contact U.S. Check-In ContactContact the person designated as the U.S. Check-in contact on the 606 – Emergency Contact Information form and inform them of the situation.

C6. Prepare Incident ReportThe HSO should complete an incident report for the crisis and this should be submitted to the EWB-USA Chapter Relations Manager immediately upon return to the U.S.



C7. Monitor Local News, Travel Information, and US Embassy UpdatesIf any team members have access to radio, television and/or internet, they should continue to monitor the local news and any travel information. Update all team members. The U.S. Embassy may also be in contact with your team to provide updates. The U.S. Embassy will use the contact information you provided when you registered before traveling.

C8. Provide Daily Updates to EWB-USA Emergency Phone and to US Check-In ContactWhile team members remain in-country, provide daily updates to the U.S. Check-In and EWB-USA emergency phone (Cathy Leslie)

C9. Closeout Incident with National OfficeWhen the incident has been resolved in its entirety, the HSO should send a close-out e-mail to chapter relations manager (CRM) to let the national office know that no further action is necessary.



ATTACHMENT L: ADDENDUM FOR TRAVEL TO A HIGH RISK COUNTRY/AREA OR TO A COUNTRY WITH A U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE TRAVEL WARNING

As of early 2015, El Salvador is on the ISOS Moderate Risk listing. DOS continues to issue a warning. We are a professional chapter. We work with a well established NGO and have been going to the site every year for the past 6 years. We stay at NGO’s closed compound and travel to/from the site and t/from the airport in large groups (with non-EWB volunteers) in NGO’s vans.

Here is the El Salvador Travel procedure:

El Salvador Travel Procedure Revised 06/2014

El Salvador Travel Procedure Due to the “High Risk” security rating by International SOS for the country of El Salvador, chapters with programs located in El Salvador will need to document and institute the following procedures, in addition to the standard travel safety protocol for all traveling EWB-USA chapters. The required documents and information listed below must be included as an addendum to the Health and Safety Plan (HASP) in Attachment L. Travel approval will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis and it is not to be assumed that travel will be approved. In addition, there will be no new EWB-USA programs approved for communities which are located in El Salvador. Chapters should check the International SOS website and the Department of State website for the most up-to-date security and travel information for El Salvador. 1. Letter from University/College (Student Chapters): All student chapters must provide a letter from their university/college stating that the institution approves travel to El Salvador. This letter can be from a faculty advisor, risk management department, international program department, or any other university personnel who has the authority to write this letter on behalf of the institution. If the university/college has a hold on student travel to El Salvador, the EWB-USA student chapter will not be approved to travel. If there are other travel restrictions or additional safety requirements from the university/college, EWB-USA will require a copy of these as well. 2. Professional Mentor(s) and Travel Team Risk Acknowledgement: All traveling Professional Mentors (student and professional chapters), as well as traveling team members must acknowledge, in writing, the additional risks that travel to and within El Salvador may have. 3. ISOS Risk Mitigation Plan: The chapter is required to call ISOS to determine a risk mitigation plan. With the assistance of ISOS, the chapter must specify all risk mitigation techniques that they will use to guarantee their safety and the safety of the community and NGO members with whom they work. This plan should include the transportation details, as specified below in number four. Please note: Chapters are encouraged to e-mail applicable portions of the HASP directly to ISOS for review, after first initiating an inquiry via phone. i. www.internationalsos.com ii. ISOS Member Number – 11BCPA000270 iii. ISOS Phone Number: 1-215-942-8226

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page L-1


4. ISOS Transportation Plan: All chapters must provide point-to-point travel details as part of the HASP document. However, chapters traveling to El Salvador are required to contact ISOS as part of the risk mitigation plan to determine a detailed point-to-point transportation plan for the entire trip. Also, in addition to the information that is already required in the Point-to-Point Details section of the HASP, the chapter must include the following: a. All travel routes must be documented with routine stops including, but not limited to, hotels, shopping areas, the community location, work zone (if different from the location of the community), and the NGO/community partner headquarters. All identified locations and routes are to be detailed with GPS coordinates. b. The chapter must acknowledge who is picking the team up from the airport and confirm that the team will be accompanied from the airport to where the team will be staying for the duration of the approved work schedule. 5. Safety/Security Information from In-Country Partner: Chapters must contact their in-country partners and/or community contacts and request updated safety and security information for all locations where the chapter will be traveling through and staying in. If possible, please include the actual correspondence or a summary of the correspondence from the community partners within the HASP addendum. 6. Contingency and Evacuation Plan: If assistance from local security, Seven Corners Insurance or university insurance, International SOS, and/or the U.S. Department of State is not possible, there must be a contingency plan in place. This must include: a. An evacuation plan which identifies at least one method of getting from the project site to both 1) a major airport and 2) a U.S. consulate or embassy in a timely fashion and without NGO assistance. Acceptable methods of travel include local buses and established taxi services. b. Plans for how chapter members would self-support themselves if a situation arises where they cannot get immediate outside assistance. 7. Satellite Phone: All travelers must have access to a satellite phone. The satellite phone number must be listed on the 606 – Emergency Contact Page. The phone service must be with the travelers at all times. 8. Local Contact Requirement: The Emergency Contact Page (Form 606) must include at least two local contacts with independent phone numbers. These contacts should not both be from the same local NGO. It is the responsibility of the chapter to make sure that these contacts understand and agree to comply with the portions of the HASP that pertain to emergency procedures in the event that the travelers are in an emergency situation and unable to communicate on their own. The chapter must give a copy of the Emergency Contact Page to these contacts along with instructions on who to call for different types of emergencies.

© 2012 Engineers Without Borders USA. All Rights Reserved Page L-2

site specific - ewbelsalvador - homeewbelsalvador.wikispaces.com/file/view/600 - health 2015... ·...

Documents