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D170 W15 Senses Williams
This lesson combines general sensory receptors from Chapter 15 and some of the special senses in Chapter 15 (pages 428 – 432, 488 – 503). You will only be responsible for the special senses of taste, smell, and vision.
What are peripheral sensory receptors? How are free nerve endings and receptor cells different?
Describe the following types of receptors, based on location:
Extereceptors –
Interoceptors –
Propioceptors –
Describe the following types of receptors, based on stimulus type:
Mechanoreceptors –
Thermoreceptors –
Chemoreceptors –
Photoreceptors –
Nociceptors –
Complete the following table with information about types of general sensory receptors.
Type Structural class Functional class (location)
Functional class (stimulus type)
Description / special
features
Examples / body
locationFree nerve ending of sensory neuron
Free nerve ending
Epithelial tactile
complexes
Free nerve ending
Hair follicle receptors
Free nerve ending
Tactile corpuscles
Encapsulated nerve ending
Lamellar corpuscles
Encapsulated nerve ending
Bulbous corpuscles
Encapsulated nerve ending
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Muscle spindles
Encapsulated nerve ending
Tendon organs Encapsulated nerve ending
Joint kinesthetic receptors
Encapsulated nerve ending
Jump to page 488…
What functional type of receptors are for taste and smell? What division of the nervous system do taste and smell belong to?
Describe the location, structure, and function of taste buds, noting the following structures:
Papillae –
Fungiform papillae –
Vallate papillae –
Foliate papillae –
Gustatory epithelial cells –
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Basal epithelial cells –
Gustatory hair –
Taste pore –
Describe how the gustatory pathway relays taste information to the brain.
Describe the location, structure, and function of the olfactory epithelium, noting the following structures. What type of epithelium is the olfactory epithelium?
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Olfactory sensory neurons –
Olfactory stem cells –
Olfactory cilia (hairs) –
Olfactory bulb –
Olfactory tract –
Filaments of the olfactory nerve – Describe how the olfactory pathway relays smell information to the brain.
Describe the locations, structures, and functions of the accessory structures of the eye by completing the following table.
Structure Location Structural features FunctionEyebrow
Eyelids (palpebrae)Lacrimal caruncle
EyelashesTarsal glands
Conjuctiva
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Lacrimal apparatusLacrimal gland
Lacrimal punctum
Extrinsic eye musclesLateral rectus muscleMedial rectus muscle
Superior rectus muscleInferior rectus muscle
Superior oblique muscle
Inferior oblique muscle
D170 W15 Senses Williams
What are the two poles of the eyeball? What are the two segments? What are the three layers that form the external wall of the eye? What are the two humors inside the eye?
Describe the structure and functions of the fibrous layer, noting the following structures:
Sclera –
Cornea –
Describe the structure and functions of the vascular layer, noting the following structures:
Choroid –
Ciliary body –
Ciliary muscle –
Iris –
Pupil –
Explain how the pupil dilates and constricts via the autonomic nervous system to change the amount of light allowed into the eye.Describe the structure and functions of the inner layer, noting the following structures:
Retina –
Optic nerve –
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Pigmented layer –
Neural layer –
What three types of neurons are found in the inner layer?
What are photoreceptor cells? What is the difference between rods and cones?
What are the specialized regions on the posterior side of the retina? What functional consequences do they have?
Describe the structures and functions of the internal chambers and fluids, noting the following structures:
Posterior segment –
Vitreous humor –
Anterior segment –
Anterior chamber –
Posterior chamber –
Aqueous humor –
Describe the structure and functions of the lens
D170 W15 Senses Williams
Explain how the eye adjusts (accommodates) via the autonomic nervous system to focus the eye for close or distant vision.
Explain how visual pathways relay visual information from the eye to the brain. Note the following structures:
Optic chiasma –
Optic nerve –
Optic tract –