Department of Mechanical EngineeringA Seminar Presentation On

Introduction Types of Six stroke engines Bajulaz Six stroke Diesel engine Dual fuel Six stroke engine Comparison Specifications Features Performance and economy Conclusion

The six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine based on the four-stroke engine.

First developed in early 1990sAdvancement is the Duel fuel six stroke diesel engine More efficient & reduce emissions.

Approaches for six stroke engine design

First approach

There is two additional strokes by the main piston as fifth and sixth stroke Second approachIt uses a second opposed piston which moves at half the cyclical rate of the main piston

Griffin six stroke engineBajulaz six stroke engine Crower six stroke engine SIX STROKE ENGINE Velozeta six stroke engine Beare head six stroke engine Charge pump engine

FIRST APPROACH

SECOND APPROACH

1. Intake valve 2. Heating chamber valve 3. Combustion chamber valve 4. Exhaust valve 5. Cylinder 6. Combustion chamber 7. Air heating chamber 8. Wall of combustion chamber 9. Fuel injector 10.Heater plug

Intake of pure air in the cylinder

STROKE 1

STROKE 2Compression of pure air in heating chamber

STROKE 3Release of combustion gases in the cylinder

STROKE 4Recompression of pure air in the combustion chamber

STROKE 5Release of pure air into cylinder

STROKE 6Exhaust of combustion gases

This engine runs by two fuels i.e. diesel (primary fuel) and methanol (secondary fuel)

Table 1. Specifications of the test engine:

Engine type Bore x Stroke [mm] Displacement [cc] Top Clearance [mm] Cavity Volume [cc] Compression ratio Intake Valve Open Intake valve Close Exhaust Valve Open Exhaust Valve Close Valve Overlap Rated power

Four stoke Six stroke Diesel Engine Diesel Engine DI, Single cylinder, Air cooled, OHV 82 x 78 412 0.9 16 21 100 BTDC 1400 BTDC 1350 ATDC 120 ATDC 220 5.9 kW /3000rpm Base Engine ---------------70 BTDC 1450 BTDC 1400 ATDC 30 ATDC 100

Comparison between four stroke & six stroke diesel enginesEngine Parameters Engine Speed Ne [rpm] Four Stroke Diesel Engine 2007 0.50 8.36 Intake air flow per cycle Ma [mg/cycle] Injection quantity per cycle Mf [mg/cycle] Excess air ratio Intake air flow per unit time Ma [g/cycle] Injection quantity per unit time Mf [g/sec] Brake torque Tb [N-m] Brake power Lb [KW] BSFC. b [ g / KW-h] IMEP Pi [Kgf / cm2] Indicated torque Ti [N-m] Indicated power Li [KW] ISFC bi [g / KW-h ] 358.7 11.8 2.40 6.00 0.197 15.52 3.26 217.9 5.94 19.10 4.01 177.2 Six Stroke Diesel Engine 2016 0.68 7.62 371.4 16 1.83 4.16 0.179 15.28 3.24 520.3 4.37 18.71 3.75 163.3

Supplied combustion heat per cycle Qt [KJ/cycle] Supplied combustion heat per unit time Ht [KJ/s]

Comparison between six stroke diesel & dual fuel six stroke enginesDiesel Fuel Six Stroke Diesel Engine Engine Speed Ne [rpm] Supplied combustion heat per cycle Qt [kJ/cycle] Injection quantity per cycle (First Combustion Stroke) Mf1 [mg/cycle] 0.68 8.0 (Diesel Fuel) 2016 Dual Fuel Six Stroke Diesel Engine 2006

Injection quantity per cycle(Second Combustion Stroke) Mf2 [mg/cycle] Excess air ratio Brake torque Tb [N-m] Brake power Lb [kW] B.S.F.C. b [ g / kW.h]

8.0(Diesel Fuel)

17.2(Methanol)

1.86 6.18 1.52 504.0 4.56 21.68 3.45 155.5

1.93 6.08 1.5 777.7 4.75 20.38 2.98 236.2

I.M.E.P. Pi [kgf / cm2] Indicated torque Ti [N-m] Indicated power Li [kW] I.S.F.C. bi [g / kW.h ] Indicated specific heat consumption bi [MJ /kW.h]

6.61

6.37

Lower maintenance costs due to less wearing parts (cylinder head) Longer service intervals possible due to lower operating temperatures recorded Increase in thermal efficiency by more than 20%

Reduced fuel consumption

Four StrokeDiesel Engine Nitrous Oxide [ppm]

Six Stroke DieselEngine 113

Dual Fuel SixStroke Engine 90.5

( % improvement)Soot [%] (%improvement) Indicated specific heat consumption bi [MJ/KW-h] (% improvement)

768

(85.3%)28.8

(88.2%)0 (100%)

6.8

(- 323.5%)

7.51

6.61 (12.0%)

6.37 (15.2%)

Reduction in fuel consumption by at least 40% Two expansions(work/Power stroke) in six strokes Dramatic reduction in pollution ( up to 65%) Higher overall efficiency Lower engine temperature & noise level Due to more air intake, the cooling system is improved

Better scavenging and more extraction of work per cycleLess inertia due to lightness of moving parts

Brake power & indicated power per cycle percylinder is comparatively lesser

Engine size increases due to many number ofcylinders & additional components Higher manufacturing cost of six stroke engine

Automobiles, heavy goods, construction-site andfarm vehicles.

motor-pumps, generator sets, stationary engines,etc....intended for agriculture and industry. Motorboats

Drastically reducing fuel consumption (by 40%) and pollution (by 60-90%) without radically affecting performances For the dual fuel six-stroke engine, soot & nitrous oxide was practically eliminated by a small amount of methanol in the second combustion process.

It enables lower engine temperature and therefore increasesin the overall efficiency.