The Bone Marrow, Tendons, Ligaments, and Fractures of

the bonePart II of the Skeletal

SystemPresented by:

Sem. Louis Jerome B. Mosqueda

INTRODUCTION

The skeletal system keeps the body into shape, protects the vital organs, such as the heart, the brain, and lungs, and enables us to move

What’s in a bone?

What’s a bone?

In a bone…

Bone MarrowFully developed bones are made of mineral salts, water, and organic tissues. Within each are two different kinds of bone – compact and cancellate.

bone is smooth and solid.

or spongy bone has a honeycomb structure so is much lighter than compact bone with cancellate bone inside it.

CompactCancellate

Bone Marrow

The Bone marrow is the spongy tissue in the cavities of the bones • It is the “blood cell factory”

• Healthy bone marrow releases blood cells into the blood stream when they are mature and when our body needs them

Fixed Joints

TendonsConnects Muscle to BoneTendons are fibrous cords of connective tissue attaching muscle to bone, cartilage or other muscle. Tendons insert into bone or cartilage by means of small spikes known as “Sharpey’s fibres” .

2 Types of tendons

1. Flexor tendons- flex or bend with the leg when leaving the ground 2. Extensor tendons- straighten the leg in mid air to allow or prepare the leg for the next stride

TENDONS

Once the leg is in motion, the tendons slide up and down When the proper Muscles are put in motion by the various nerves

LIGAMENTS

•Ligaments help to limit the movement of joints according to their functions; e.g. the fetlock, pastern and coffin joints all have ligaments that allow the joint to move forward and backward only•They are poorly supplied with blood and are very slow to heal after injury and do not withstand prolonged stretching

•They are also rich in nerve endings making injuries here painful for the horse•They are made of bands of white and yellow fibrous tissue, the white being inelastic, and the yellow elastic

•Connects Bone to Bone

Fractured BonesCondition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone. A bone fracture can be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones

Fractured Bones