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7/23/2019 Skin and Fascia_MedicosNotes.com

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INTRODUCTION

1.SKIN

2.SUPERFICIAL FASCIA

3.DEEP FASCIA

SKIN AND

FASCIA


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Skin coloration Skin is the best indicat! " #ene!a$

hea$th Th!ee skin %i#&ents

'e$anin

ca!tene

(e$bin


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F)nctins " skin

P!tectinC)shins and ins)$ates and is *ate!%!"

P!tects "!& t!a)&a+ che&ica$s+ heat+ c$d+ bacte!ia

Sc!eens U,

S-nthesis and st!a#e " ita&in D

Ca%ab$e " abs!%tin /d!)#s0 and ec!etin/s*eat0

Re#)$ates bd- te&%e!at)!e

P!eents insensib$e *ate! $ss

Sens!- %e!ce%tin /ne!e endin#s0

Abi$it- t !e#ene!ate


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SKIN

Origin


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EPIDERMIS


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La-e!s " e%ide!&is

Stratum Basale

L*est e%ide!&a$$a-e!+ nea! de!&is

d n)t!ient s)%%$- Re%!d)ces b- &itsis

C)bida$+ c$)&na! insha%e

'es t )%%e!e%ide!&is in 2 da-s

Stratum Spinosum

Liin# ce$$s

Diidin#

4516 ce$$s thick

P$-#na$ ina%%ea!ance


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Cnt7

Stratus Granulosum,

P! n)t!ient s)%%$-.

F$atten $a-e! " ce$$s.

358 ce$$s thick.

N ce$$ diisin.

Ke!atin acc)&)$ates

Stratus Lucidum

F)nd n$- in e!-thick skin.

T!ans$)cent. (i#h$- ke!atini9ed.

Dead ce$$s


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St!at)& C!ne)&

28536 ce$$s thick.

Ce$$s a!e :$$ed *ith ke!atin andha!dened.

S$)#hed ;

O)te! &st $a-e! " e%ide!&is

Ke!atinc-tes


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CELL T


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LA


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LA


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Reticular layers

The !etic)$a! !e#in $ies dee%in the %a%i$$a!- !e#in and is)s)a$$- &)ch thicke! cntainsthe skin appendages

It is c&%sed " densei!!e#)$a! cnnectie tiss)e

i!ers" a!e c$$a#en+ e$asticand !etic)$a!+ #ie the de!&isits %!%e!ties " st!en#th+

etensibi$it-+ and e$asticit-.

#ells":b!b$asts+&ac!%ha#es+ &ast ce$$s+>Cs


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THINHAIRY SKIN THICK NONHAIRY/GLABROUS SKIN


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S)!"ace tensin $ines skinc!eases

F!& a net*!k "$inea! ")!!*s *hichdiided the s)!"aceint %$-#na$ !$9en#e sha%eda!eas . These $ines ts&e etent

c!!es%nd ta!iatins in the%atte!n " :be!s inthe de!&is.


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$ensionlines%#lea&age

lines%Langer lines

These a!e tensin $ines " skin+d)e t the %atte!ns "a!!an#e&ent " c$$a#en :be!sin the de!&is.

These $ines *e!e :!st desc!ibedb- Langerin 141 n cadae!.

Tend t s%i!a$ $n#it)dina$ in the$i&bs and !)n t!anse!se$- inthe neck and t!)nk.

At the e$b* + knee+ *!ist andank$es a!e %a!a$$e$ t thet!anse!se c!eases that a%%ea!*hen the $i&bs a!e eed.


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Skin incisins

Skin incisins that a!e #ien %a!a$$e$t the tensin $ines )s)a$$- hea$ *e$$*ith &ini&a$ sca!!in# beca)se "

&ini&)& dis!)%tin " c$$a#en:be!s.


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St!etch &a!ks in skin

Da&a#e t the c$$a#en :be!s in de!&isd)e t e! st!etchin# as in %!e#nanc-! abd&ina$ en$a!#e&ent.


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!ink$e $ines

Ca)sed b- cnt!actin ")nde!$-in# &)sc$es+%!esent %e!%endic)$a! t

thei! ais " sh!tenin#. On "ace+ the- a!e kn*n

as $ines " "acia$e%!essin+ a#in# &akes

the& %e!&anent d)e t$ss " skin e$asticit-.


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F$e)!e $ines ! int $ines

Major markings found in the

vicinity of synovial joints where

the skin is attached strongly to

underlying deep fascia.

Prominent on the flexor

surfaces of palms, soles and

digits.

Skin lines don't necessarilycoincide with the underlying

joint line.


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F$e)!e $ines


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Papillary%epidermal%'riction ridges

A "!ictin !id#e is a !aised %!tin" the e%ide!&is n the :n#e!sand tes+ the %a$& " the hand !the s$e " the "t.

A!e ca)sed b- the )nde!$-in#

inte!"ace bet*een the de!&a$%a%i$$ae " the de!&is and theinte!%a%i$$a!- /!ete0 %e#s " thee%ide!&is.

a$n# the s)&&it " each !id#ethe a%e!t)!es " s*eat d)cts%en at !e#)$a! inte!a$s.

Dermis determines thede&elopmental pattern o'epidermis

FINER


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FINERPRINT

A (ngerprint is an i&%!essin

$e"t b- the "!ictin !id#es " ah)&an :n#e!

This is #enetica$$- dete!&ined+)niG)e t the indiid)a$+ stab$eth!)#h )t $i"e H se!es as a

&ean " %e!sna$ identi:catin.

The ana$-sis " !id#e %atte!nsb- st)d-in# :n#e! and "t%!ints is kn*n as

dermatoglyphics)


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The de!&is is the !ece%tie site "! the%i#&ent " tatts


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C)tane)s b$d s)%%$-

The de!&is cntains h!i9nta$$-a!!an#ed s)%e!:cia$ and dee%%$e)ses+ *hich a!einte!cnnected ia

c&&)nicatin# esse$s !iented%e!%endic)$a! t the skin s)!"ace.


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Lymphatics

>$ind5ended $-&%hatic ca%i$$a!ies a!ise*ithin the inte!stitia$ s%aces " the de!&a$

%a%i$$ae. These )na$ed+ s)%e!:cia$de!&a$ esse$s d!ain int a$ed dee%de!&a$ and s)bde!&a$ %$e)ses.


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Skin Inner&ation F!ee ne!e endin#s in the basa$ $a-e! " the

e%ide!&is detect %ain 'e!ke$ ce$$s " the e%ide!&is detect $i#ht t)ch.

'eissne!s c!%)sc$es a$s detect $i#ht t)ch.These a!e ")nd in the de!&a$ %a%i$$ae and a!e

&st cncent!ated in the :n#e!ti%s. Pacininian c!%)sc$es a!e ")nd dee% *ithin the

de!&is ! een in the s)bc)tane)s tiss)e.These st!)ct)!es detect %!ess)!e.


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( d i : i $


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(-%de!&is s)%e!:cia$"ascia

Fib!)s &esh :$$ed *ith "at+ cnnects the de!&is t)nde!$-in# $a-e! " dee% "ascia

Fat is absent in e-e$ids+ %inna " ea!+ sc!t)&

')sc$e :be!s a!e %!esent in the s)bc)tane)stiss)e " sca$%+ "ace and sc!t)&


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DEEP FASCIA

Dense ine$astic sheet! &e&b!ane+se%a!ates s)%e!:cia$"ascia "!& )nde!$-in#st!)ct)!es.

It eithe! inests ! bindst!)ct)!es.

Na&ed acc!din# t

the a!ea " bd- itce!s.

'ODIFICATIONS?

Inte!&)sc)$a! se%t)&

Retinac)$a

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