slide 1 of 28 chemistry 19.4. © copyright pearson prentice hall slide 2 of 28 neutralization...

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Chemistry 19.4

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

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Neutralization Reactions

Excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause heartburn and a feeling of nausea. Antacids neutralize the stomach acid and relieve the pain of acid indigestion. You will learn what a neutralization reaction is.

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Neutralization Reactions >

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Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-Base Reactions

What are the products of the reaction of an acid with a base?

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Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions

In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces water and one of a class of compounds called salts.

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Neutralization Reactions > Acid-Base Reactions

Reactions in which an acid and a base react in an aqueous solution to produce a salt and water are generally called neutralization reactions.

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Neutralization Reactions >

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Titration

Titration

What is the endpoint of a titration?

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Neutralization Reactions > Titration

The process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is called titration.

The point of neutralization is the end point of the titration.

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When an acid and base are mixed, the equivalence point is when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 19.6

Problem Solving 19.30

Solve Problem 30 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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The solution of known concentration is called the standard solution.

• Indicators are often used to determine when enough of the standard solution has been added to neutralize the acid or base.

• The point at which the indicator changes color is the end point of the titration.

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Acid solution with indicator

Added base is measured with a buret.

Color change shows neutralization.

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Simulation 26

Simulate the titration of several acids and bases and observe patterns in the pH at equivalence.

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Neutralization Reactions > Titration19.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 19.7

Problem Solving 19.33

Solve Problem 33 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.


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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

19.4 Section Quiz.

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19.4 Section Quiz

1. When a neutralization takes place, one of the products is always

a. carbon dioxide.

b. a salt.

c. sodium chloride.

d. a precipitate.


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2. In a titration, 45.0 mL of KOH is neutralized by 75.0 mL of 0.30M HBr. What is the concentration of the KOH solution?

a. 0.18M

b. 0.60M

c. 0.25M

d. 0.50M

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3. How many moles of HCl are required to neutralize an aqueous solution of 2.0 mol Ca(OH)2?

a. 0.5 mol

b. 1.0 mol

c. 2.0 mol

d. 4.0 mol

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19.4 Section Quiz

4. In which of the following neutralization titrations of 1-molar solutions of H2SO4 and NaOH will the equivalence point be reached at the very end of the additions?

H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(aq)

a. 200 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH

b. 200 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH

c. 100 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 200 mL of NaOH

d. 100 mL of H2SO4 is slowly added to 100 mL of NaOH

END OF SHOW