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Prof. Kostic’s Research & Scholarly Interests and Activities

Fundamentals and Application of Energy

www.kostic.niu.edu

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The Fundamental Laws of Nature:

The Laws of Thermodynamics have much wider, including philosophical significance and implication, than their simple expressions based on the experimental observations, they are:

The Fundamental Laws of Nature: • The Zeroth (equilibrium existentialism), • The First (conservational transformationalism), • The Second (forced-directional, irreversible transformationalism),• The Third (unattainability of emptiness).

The Laws are defining and unifying our comprehension of all existence and transformations in the universe.

www.kostic.niu.edu

Solving practical problems helps "really" understand theory, so that one can then solve other problems more effectively. If we can not solve a problem, that "proves" we do not "truly" understand theory -- the key is integration/synergy of theory and practice, the "true" UNDERSTANDING! If one thinks theory is boring, that means one is not really interested in understanding to solve practical problems.

Slide 3www.kostic.niu.edu

What is Energy ?

If one could expel all energy out of a physical system … … then empty, nothing will be left …

… so ENERGY is EVERYTHING … E=mc2

𝒎𝒑𝒉=𝑬𝒑𝒉 ¿𝒄𝟐=(𝒉 ∙𝝂)/𝒄𝟐

Mass (m) is bind-energy within (E), they have a holistic meaning of “mass-energy”

Slide 4www.kostic.niu.edu

Among distinguished invites were five keynote speakers from China and seven international

keynote speakers: three from the USA and one each from Japan, United Kingdom, Singapore, and Spain; including four Academicians and

six university Presidents/vice-presidents.

“Dear Professor Kostic:

..... I would like to express my thousand thanks to you for your huge contribution to the Forum… ZY Guo” (Academician, Chinese Academy of Sci.)

Slide 5www.kostic.niu.edu

The 16th IHTC will be first time in 2018 in Beijing, China, Prof. Xing Zhang, Exicutive Chair

The 15th IHTC will be in 2014 in Kyoto, Japan, Prof. Maruyama, Scientific Chair

Greeting Prof. Guo (Academician)

Slide 6www.kostic.niu.edu

Great Wall, Tsinghua University, Olympic Bird Nest, and Tiananmen Square with

Forbidden City & Peking Duck

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Electromagnetic Natureof Thermo-Mechanical Mass-Energy Transfer

Due to Photon Diffusive Re-Emission and Propagation

Prof. M. KosticMechanical EngineeringNORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY

International Forum on Frontier Theories in Thermal ScienceTsinghua University, Beijing, China, December 18-20, 2011

Based on atomic electron-shell interactionsand the Einstein mass-energy equivalence, during “believed-massless” heat conduction

or mechanical work transfer, there has to be electromagnetic, i.e., photon mass-energy propagation

(since they are not gravitational and not nuclear interactions)through involved material structures, from a mass-energy source to a sink system. Otherwise, the mass-energy equivalence and Physics

law of forced interactions will be violated!

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Fig.1: Electromagnetic Nature of Thermo-Mechanical Mass-Energy Transfer Due to Photon Diffusive Re-Emission and Propagation: Steady-state, mass-energy transfer is depicted through heat conduction plate (right-above) and rotating shaft (right-below). Energy transfer (i.e., Einstein’s mass-energy equivalency transfer, ) has to be electromagnetic by photon transfer, either as photon electromagnetic waves on-long range through space/vacuum (, or photon “on-contact” transfer within material structures, e.g., through heat conduction plate (rt.-above) and turbine shaft work (rt.- below). Otherwise, Einstein’s mass-energy equivalency and the fundamental force/interactions in Physics will be violated.

Slide 9© M. Kostic <www.kostic.niu.edu>

“The Second Law of Thermodynamics is considered one of the central laws of science, engineering and technology. For over a century it has been assumed to be inviolable by the scientific community. Over the last 10-20 years, however, more than two dozen challenges to it have appeared in the physical literature - more than during any other period in its 150-year history.”

Second Law Conference: Status and Challengeswith Prof. Sheehan in Sun Diego, CA June 2011

Slide 10www.kostic.niu.edu

The Second Law Symposium has been a unique gathering of the unorthodox physicist and inventors (to avoid using a stronger word)

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The Second Law of Energy DegradationHolistic Reasoning and Generalization

Prof. M. KosticMechanical EngineeringNORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY

International Forum on Frontier Theories in Thermal ScienceTsinghua University, Beijing, China, December 16, 2011

Carnot1824

Heat Engine Reversibility

Clausius1850 NO Heat from cold to hot1865 Entropy

Kelvin-Planck1848 Abs. Temperature

1865 NO Work from single reservoir

Gibbs1870’s Entropy, Chem.PotentialPhys.Chemistry

Slide 12www.kostic.niu.edu

Fig. 8: Significance of the Carnot’s reasoning of reversible cycles is in many ways comparable with the Einstein’s relativity theory in modern times. The Carnot Ratio Equality is much more important than what it appears at first. It is probably the most important equation in Thermodynamics and among the most important equations in natural sciences.

The “Key Fundamental Concepts” are much more important than what they

appear to be

Slide 13www.kostic.niu.edu

YES! Miracles are possible !It may look ‘perpetuum mobile’ but miracles are real too …

… we could not comprehend energy conservation until 1850s: (mechanical energy was escaping “without being noticed how”)

… we may not comprehend now new energy conversions and wrongly believe they are not possible: (“cold fusion” seems impossible for now … ?)

…….Let us keep our eyesand our minds ‘open’ ………..

Things and Events are both, MORE but also LESS complex than how they appear and we ‘see’ them -- it is

natural simplicity in real complexity

… but, the miracles are until they are comprehended and understood !

Slide 14www.kostic.niu.edu

Thank you! Any Question ?