slide title in capitals 50 pt slide subtitle 32 pt verification of a gprs charging system in a...

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Verification of a GPRS Charging System in a Simulated Test Environment

Author: Kirsi KoskenheimoSupervisor: Prof. Raimo Kantola

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© Ericsson AB 2006 Kirsi Koskenheimo 2006-09-052

Contents

Background and Goals Flexible Charging in GGSN Simulated Test Environment Simulations and Results Conclusions Further Development


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Background and Goals

Problem– GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) support starting at Finland

Lack of knowledge about node, simulators and charging How to solve it

– Familiarize with GGSN, simulators and flexible charging– Setting up a test network

GGSN Outline (charging node simulator) Trembler (SGSN & MS/UE simulator) Sgsnemu (SGSN emulator) Dummynet (delay, queue and bandwidth limitation

simulator) Ethereal (network protocol analyzer)

– Investigate the suitability of simulated test environment to testing of flexible charging

What is possible to test with simulators in test environment?


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Flexible Charging in GGSN

Until now, PS charging often based on flat rate (monthly fee)– Flat rate pricing not enough especially on QoS network

Traditional charging volume and byte based 3GPP specification of Flow Based Charging (FBC)

– Possibility to separately charge services that use the same bearer– Identification of charging data

Based on QoS Based on traffic destination

– Charging rules Separate rules based on Access Point Name (APN) Separate rules for UL and DL Separate rules for users


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Different Browsing Areas

Portal homeSearch

Promotions

Customer Care

News

Free AreaFree Area

Sports

Business

International

Ring tones

Games

Clips

Downloads AreaDownloads Area

Rest of the Internet

News AreaNews Area

Internet AreaInternet Area


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Flexible Charging in GGSN

Ericsson solution: Service Aware Charging & Control (SACC) Enables charging based on different price levels Pre- and Postpaid Charging Byte- and Block-Based Charging Time- and Volume-Based Charging (kuva)


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Simulated Test Environment


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Simulations and Results

Determination of Test Cases– Cover a wide range of GGSN charging– Focus on prepaid users

Tested functionalities– Traffic filtering– Identification of Prepaid users– Charging at different time of day (ToD)– Service authorization (roaming, time)– Byte- and Block-Based charging– Time- and Volume-Based charging


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Problems faced– Lack of components

(Not possible to generate all situations that exist in real life) Not possible to filter traffic

– Some exact messages Not possible to perform with used simulators

– Charging Data Records (CDR) No stable system


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Results– Simulated test environment is applicable to the testing of SACC

charging– Basic SACC functions were tested successfully with simulators.

Traffic was filtered correctly Prepaid users were identified correctly Rating was dependent of ToD Services could be authorized successfully Services could be charged correctly based on time or

volume Services could be charged correctly based on byte or block

– Basic functionalities can be more easily performed with simulators than with real charging nodes

– More complex testing can also be executed but it requires more knowledge of charging and coding.


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Conclusions

A diverse test environment was set up, although all testing possibilities were not used.

Knowledge of the SACC solution, the simulators and GGSN configuration was obtained

The features that can be tested in the simulated test environment were found and tested.

The created test environment enables more versatile testing than what was performed in this thesis.


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Further Development

More specific testing– Specific message creation

In hexadecimal format– Different rates for specific days (e.g. weekends)

In hexadecimal format

Use of other PCs and simulators– Sgsnemu

Traffic generation– Dummynet

Propagation delays


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Thank You

Comments? Questions?


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Additional Slides


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3GPP Specification vs. Ericsson Solution

GGSN/TPF

PRS/CRF EUS

CCS/CCF

SRAP/Gx SCAP/Gy

SURP

CCF = Credit Control FunctionCCS = Credit Control ServerCRF = Charging Rules FunctionEUS = External Update ServerGGSN = Gateway GPRS Support Node

PRS = Policy and Rating ServerSCAP = Service Charging Application ProtocolSRAP = Service Rating Application ProtocolSURP = Subscription Update Request ProtocolTPF = Traffic Plane Function


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Time-Based Block Charging

Inactivity time period: 3 blocks (B)User is charged in: B1, B2, B3, B4, B9User will not be charged for: B5, B6, B7, B8(time between the 2nd and the 3rd charging event is larger than 3B)


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Volume-Based Block Charging

slide title in capitals 50 pt slide subtitle 32 pt verification of a gprs charging system in a...

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