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Aligning Business Process Architecture and Enterprise
Architecture:
A Model Driven - Service Oriented Approach
Chris CapadoucaBusiness Solutions Architect
Adaptive Business Process Management
Model and simulate cross functional business processes
Enable & integrate human and system based business process
Manage and improve the processes using process metrics
Monitor end-to-end business processes in real-time
Repositories
Model
Monitor
EnableManage
Narrow the business-IS Gap
Process visibility and exception based interaction
Adaptability
Qualitative & QuantitativeFeedback
Reduction in Cycle Time
Process B
Process A
System CSystem B
What are the Challenges?
Challenge• Enable visibility to cross
functional KPIs, business events, and process states
Challenge• Enable end-to-end
monitoring and correlation
• Structure around cross functional ownership
System A
Challenge• Evolve from siloed
functional design and build to a cross functional process focus approach
Challenge• Enable
workflow to cross system boundaries rather than be bound to them
Process A
Process B
Monitor Enable
ManageModel
Historical Perspective
• Lack of Alignment
• IT centric
• Siloed initiatives
• Lack Cross-functional process owners
• Enterprise Optimization focus is in the wrong place
• We get lost in the details
What should the future look like?
• Enterprise Architecture is about Business Transformation
• Process Modeling is a component of Enterprise Architecture
• Cross-functional optimization is the focus
• Cross-functional process ownership is obvious and rewarded
What should the future look like?
• Strategic Visioning “involves defining the context, identifying strategic drivers, developing a high level business model, establishing principles for the new work system, and packaging for commitment and action.”
• “As part of this visioning exercise, key questions for work reengineering need to be explored: What is your business value network? What are the key functions (logical service units) that are closest to delivering value to the customer?”
• “Any functional component or service unit can be decomposed into a number of interrelated processes and work activities.”
• “Each logical service unit can be modeled to determine the most appropriate business processes and related manual and automated work activities”
Excerpts from Paradigm Shift: The New Promise of Information Technology,by Art Caston and Don Tapscott, McGraw-Hill 1993
Why spend the time?
Why align Business, IT and Process Architecture?
Fact: Mrs. Winchester never had a master set of blueprints, but did sketch out individual rooms on paper and even tablecloths!
Its about the integrated plan……..just ask Sarah Winchester
How do we get there?
• Stop viewing Enterprise Architecture as an IT thing!
• Create a high level reference framework • Identify & define what we do and the services we
provide• Identify & define how we realize the business
services• Identify & define how we provide services and
who owns them• Publish the plan!
What are the Enablers?
• Business Buy-in and ownership• Model Driven Architecture
– Describes the enterprise as a set of related models• Enterprise Service Architecture
– The business services that need to exist– The services they provide– The capabilities that realize them– It’s not just about the technology
• Event Driven Architecture– Describes the enterprise interactions in terms of related events
that trigger services
Yes, these are complementary!
Model Driven Architecture
“A style of enterprise application development and integration based on;
using automated tools,
to build system independent models,
and transform them into efficient implementation”1
1 -Source: Booch, et al, “An MDA Manifesto”, published in the MDA Journal, May 2004
Model Driven Architecture
“to build system independent models,
and transform them into efficient implementation”1
1 -Source: Booch, et al, “An MDA Manifesto”, published in the MDA Journal, May 2004
A style of enterprise architecture;
using a model driven approach,
ExecutionModel
OperationsModel
BusinessModel
Model Driven Architecture Approaches demand it!
ReferenceModels
Service FunctionsServices
Metrics
StrategiesObjectives
Markets
Ref SystemsResponsibilities
PlatformIndependent
TargetModels
ApplicationsRoles
CapabilitiesProcesses
OrganizationsBusiness Rules
ChannelsBrands
PlatformSpecific
DeploymentModels
Platforms
Locations
OrganizationStructureFacilities
InfrastructurePeople
What
HowWhat
How
Traceability
Drive
Reference System and Service Function concepts are extracted fromProact EA Methodology from Proact Business Transformation Inc.
Service Oriented Architecture
Bill Hassell - IBM’s Business Integration Reference Architecture, 2004
• “An approach for designing and implementing distributed systems,
• that allows a tight correlation between the business model and the IT implementation”
Enterprise Services Architecture
Business Perspective
• What Services need to exist?• What information do we need?• What Capabilities provide
Services?• What Processes realize a Service?
Implementation Perspective
• What is the process flow?• What is the information flow?• What composite application
functionality realizes as process?
• An approach for designing and implementing capabilities that realize and leverage services,
• that allows a tight correlation between the business model and the physical implementation
ServiceFunction A
ServiceFunction B
Customer
Service
Reference Modeling
ExecutionModel
OperationsModel
BusinessModel
ReferenceModels
CapabilitiesServices
Metrics
StrategiesObjectives,
Markets
Ref Systems,Roles
PlatformIndependent
TargetModels
ApplicationsRoles
ProcessesOrganizations
Business Rules
Channels,Brands
PlatformSpecific
DeploymentModels
Platforms
Locations
Org StructureFacilities
InfrastructurePeople
What
HowWhat
How
Traceability
Drive
Service Functions1
• What business functions need to exist to sustain the operations of the business
Services• What one Service Function does
for another, or an external entity like customer or stakeholder Solutions
Delivery
ServiceSupport
IT SolutionsDelivery
SupportReadines
s
Service Desk
1) Service Function concepts are extracted from Proact EA Methodology
Reference Modeling
Service FunctionModel Solutions
Delivery
SolutionsSupport
Customer
ServiceDesk
IT SolutionsDelivery
SupportReadiness
Operational Scenario as a set of Service Functions
SolutionsDelivery
SolutionsSupport
CustomerEvent 1 Event 2Release Survey
Events
ExecutionModel
OperationsModel
BusinessModel
ReferenceModels
CapabilitiesServices
Metrics
StrategiesObjectives,
Markets
Ref Systems,Roles
PlatformIndependent
TargetModels
ApplicationsRoles
ProcessesOrganizations
Business Rules
Channels,Brands
PlatformSpecific
DeploymentModels
Platforms
Locations
Org StructureFacilities
InfrastructurePeople
What
HowWhat
How
Traceability
DriveTarget Modeling
Capabilities• The collection of activities that
realize Service(s)Process• The sequence of activities that
realize Service(s)Organization• The realization of a set of roles
and responsibilities required to perform activities
Activity A Activity BEvent 1
CustomerEvent 2
Process Model
Capability
ActivityActivity
Activity
Is part of
Capability Model
Reference to Target Mapping
ReleaseMgmt
Plan
Design
Test
Is part of
Capability Model
Is realized bySolutionsDelivery
Capability 1
Is realized by
Capability nn
Context basedReference to Target Mapping
Traceability
Drive
SolutionsDelivery
ServiceSupport
CustomerRelease Survey
Operational Scenario as a set of Service Functions
ReleaseMgmt
Service LevelMgmt
ReleaseCustomer
Survey
Operational Scenario as a set of Capabilities
Target Process Modeling
ReleaseMgmt
Service LevelMgmt
CustomerRelease Survey
Operational Scenario as set of Capabilities
Traceability
Drive
Operational Scenario as a set of process and sub process
ImplementSystem
ConductSurveyRelease
CustomerSurvey
PostSurvey
CompleteSurvey
PublishSurvey Results
NotifyParticipant
CreateSurvey
Deployment Models
CorporatePortal
Operational Scenario as a set of process and sub process
SurveySystem
MgmtPortal
Web Svc
MessagingSystem
Web Svc
ImplementSystem
ConductSurveyRelease
CustomerSurvey
PostSurvey
CompleteSurvey
PublishSurvey Results
NotifyParticipant
CreateSurvey
SurveySystem
An Integrated Roadmap
Adaptive Business Process Management
• Enterprise Architecture is about Business Transformation
• Process Modeling is a component of the Enterprise Architecture
• Modeling the business as a set of interrelated services provides context to Process Modeling
Proact Methodology chart used with Permission