small fruit culture. soil test most plants – ph 6-6.5 blueberry – ph 4.5-5.2
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Small Fruit Small Fruit CultureCulture
Soil TestSoil Test
Most plants – pH 6-6.5Most plants – pH 6-6.5
Blueberry – pH 4.5-5.2Blueberry – pH 4.5-5.2
Incorporate Incorporate recommended lime recommended lime
12” deep12” deep
Use Sulfur to lower Use Sulfur to lower the pH for the pH for
blueberries six blueberries six months before months before
plantingplanting
Apply Phosphorus Apply Phosphorus before planting if before planting if
neededneeded
Northern HighbushNorthern Highbush – High – High MountainsMountains
Piedmont and Coastal Plain Piedmont and Coastal Plain from NC northwardfrom NC northward
Southern HighbushSouthern Highbush – Coastal – Coastal Plain and PiedmontPlain and Piedmont
RabbiteyeRabbiteye – Coastal Plain and – Coastal Plain and PiedmontPiedmont
Northern HighbushNorthern Highbush
Blue Crop: Early SeasonBlue Crop: Early Season Jersey: Mid-seasonJersey: Mid-season Elliot: Late SeasonElliot: Late Season
Rabbiteyes for Piedmont Rabbiteyes for Piedmont and Lower Mountainsand Lower Mountains
Brightwell: Early – Brightwell: Early – Mid SeasonMid Season
Tifblue: Late Tifblue: Late SeasonSeason
Powderblue: Late Powderblue: Late SeasonSeason
Centurion: Very Centurion: Very Late SeasonLate Season
Blueberry SpacingBlueberry Spacing
Standard – 6’ x 12’Standard – 6’ x 12’
Hedge – 4’ within rowHedge – 4’ within row
Three Sexual Types of Three Sexual Types of MuscadinesMuscadines
MaleMale
FemaleFemale
Perfect floweredPerfect flowered
Fresh Fruit Muscadine Fresh Fruit Muscadine VarietiesVarieties
Fry – female, bronzeFry – female, bronze Summit – self-fertile, bronzeSummit – self-fertile, bronze Triumph – perfect flowered, blackTriumph – perfect flowered, black Cowart – perfect flowered, blackCowart – perfect flowered, black Loomis – female, blackLoomis – female, black Nesbit – perfect flowered, black, Nesbit – perfect flowered, black,
cold hardy cold hardy
Processing Muscadine Processing Muscadine VarietiesVarieties
Dixie – perfect flowered, bronze, Dixie – perfect flowered, bronze, wine, juice, cold hardywine, juice, cold hardy
Golden Isles – perfect flowered, Golden Isles – perfect flowered, bronze, wine, juice, non-”musky” bronze, wine, juice, non-”musky” aromaaroma
Carlos – perfect flowered, bronze, Carlos – perfect flowered, bronze, wine, juice, cold hardywine, juice, cold hardy
Noble – perfect flowered, black, wine, Noble – perfect flowered, black, wine, jellyjelly
Muscadine SpacingMuscadine Spacing
Rows – 12’Rows – 12’
Within Row – 20’Within Row – 20’
Fig VarietiesFig Varieties
Figs are not recommended for the Figs are not recommended for the mountainsmountains
Plant Celeste variety in the PiedmontPlant Celeste variety in the Piedmont
Celeste and Alma have closed “eyes”Celeste and Alma have closed “eyes”
Plant Figs About Plant Figs About 15 Feet Apart15 Feet Apart
Fig Fruit Drop is Fig Fruit Drop is CommonCommon
Too vigorousToo vigorous
Too dry or hotToo dry or hot
Nematode infestedNematode infested
Erect Blackberry Erect Blackberry VarietiesVarieties
ChoctawChoctaw CheyenneCheyenne CherokeeCherokee ShawneeShawnee NavajoNavajo ArapahoArapaho KiowaKiowa
Trailing Blackberry Trailing Blackberry VarietiesVarieties
Thornless Thornless
HullHull
ChesterChester ThornyThorny
GemGem
Bramble SpacingBramble Spacing
Trailing – 10’ x 12’Trailing – 10’ x 12’
Erect – 8’ x 12’Erect – 8’ x 12’
Erect Hedge – 2’ x 4’Erect Hedge – 2’ x 4’
within rowwithin row
Blackberry ShootsBlackberry Shoots
11stst Year – Vegetative (primocanes) Year – Vegetative (primocanes)
22ndnd Year – Fruiting and Death Year – Fruiting and Death
Raspberry VarietiesRaspberry Varieties
Coastal Plain and PiedmontCoastal Plain and Piedmont Dorman Red Dorman Red Trailing Trailing
Spring-bearingSpring-bearing Low QualityLow QualityUpper Piedmont and MountainsUpper Piedmont and Mountains Redwing or Fall-bearingRedwing or Fall-bearing Heritage ErectHeritage Erect
Excellent QualityExcellent Quality
Plant Dorman Red Raspberries Plant Dorman Red Raspberries 10 Feet Apart (trellis required)10 Feet Apart (trellis required)
Plant Erect Red Raspberries Plant Erect Red Raspberries 1-2 Feet Apart1-2 Feet Apart
Recommended Strawberry Recommended Strawberry VarietiesVarieties
CardinalCardinal
EarliglowEarliglow
SurecropSurecrop
AtlasAtlas
ApolloApollo
Planting Distance Planting Distance StrawberryStrawberry
18”-24”18”-24”
48”48”
Matted Rows - Matted Rows - StrawberryStrawberry
2’2’ 2’2’
Renovation Steps Just After Renovation Steps Just After Harvest From the Second Harvest From the Second
Year OnYear On Mow off leaves with a lawn mower Mow off leaves with a lawn mower
set in the high position (do not set in the high position (do not damage crownsdamage crowns
Rototill or hoe up most of matter Rototill or hoe up most of matter row except an eight inch wide strip row except an eight inch wide strip of daughter plantsof daughter plants
Bunch Grape SpacingBunch Grape Spacing
12’12’
10’10’
Selecting Small Selecting Small FruitsFruits
Small FruitsSmall Fruits
Most need only a few pesticide Most need only a few pesticide applicationsapplications