smart districtheating - rhc- · pdf fileinteraction with liberal electricity market ... smart...

Smart District Heating

Jan Erik Nielsen:

M.Sc., Head of Dept.

PlanEnergi

PlanEnergi:

Consultant Engineers

20 years with

renewable heating

“The Contribution of Renewable Heating and Cooling technologies

to the “Smart Cities initiatives” - Workshop February 9th , Brussels

renewable heating

• biomass

• biogas

• solar thermal

• heat pumps

• district heating


Energy networksHeating and Cooling

� Innovative and cost effective biomass, solar thermal and geothermal

applications

� Innovative hybrid heating and cooling systems from biomass, solar thermal,

ambient thermal and geothermal with advanced distributed heat storage

technologies.

European Initiative on Smart Cities



technologies.

� Highly efficient co- or tri-generation and district heating and cooling systems.

Electricity

� Smart grids, allowing renewable generation, electric vehicles charging,

storage, demand response and grid balancing.

� Smart metering and energy management systems.

� Smart appliances (ICT, domestic appliances), lighting (in particular solid state

lighting for street and indoor), equipment (e.g. motor systems, water systems)

� To foster local RES electricity production (especially PV and wind applications).


Example: Dronninglund



HPGas

motor

Bio-oil Load/usage

35 – 40 000 m²

50 – 100 000 m3 Very cost effective heat storage (demonstration)


60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

Re

lati

ve

he

at

pri

ce %

Relative price of heat



Higher solar fractions seem reachable with out dramatic increase in heat price

RE-fraction: Part of load covered by solar and (wind driven) heat pump

0%

20%

40%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Re

lati

ve

RE-fraction %


Why is this possible?

� Interaction with liberal electricity market

� Benefits from combining technologies

� Very cheap and high performing solar systems



� Very cheap and high performing solar systems

� Improved storage technology (simple/cheap)

� LARGE SYSTEMS �� small storage losses


Interaction with liberal electricity market




Many possibilities �� Flexibility

Winter:

� High electricity price �� run CHP, earn money �� make cheap

heat

� Low/medium electricity price �� run heat pump �� make

relatively cheap heat

Interaction with liberal electricity market



relatively cheap heat

Summer:

� Low electricity price �� run solar only �� make free heat

� Very low electricity price �� run heat pump �� make free/cheap

heat


Solar:

� Produce free heat

CHP:

� Produce valuable

electricity �� earn money

� Fast capacity regulation

(prod.) �� earn money

Benefits from combining technologies



Heat pump:

� Produce cheap heat

� Fast capacity regulation

(load) �� earn money

� Reduce storage volume

(prod.) �� earn money

Storage:

� Gives flexibility

� Makes combinations

possible


Collector parameters

� The collector applied in the bases cases has

the efficiency parameters:

� n0: 0.815 (AR glass)

� a1: 2.43 (Teflon convection barrier)

� a2: 0.012

� Very cheap and high performing solar

systems

� Improved storage technology

(simple/cheap)



� a2: 0.012

� The collectors are place with:

� slope: 30 ° (low angle is optimum due

to shadows from row in front)

� azimuth: 0 ° (South)

� Row distance: 4.5 m (collector front to

collector front)

� Collector field installed ≈ 200 €/m²


Store parameters

� Water pit with liner (un-insulated to earth)

� The top of the store is assumed insulated with “LECA”; average insulation thickness

0.5 m

� Price: 20 €/m3

Improved storage technology (simple/cheap)




Status

� Project under approval by the local

authorities – end of public hearing 8/3 2011

� If approved – construction can start



� If approved – construction can start

� Pending issue: Tax on heat pump heat

production


By the way:

� Solar district heating is “exploding” in Denmark

� International activities:

� IEE-project SDH-Take-off



� IEE-project SDH-Take-off

� IEA-SHC Task 45 “Large systems”


50

60

70

€/MWh - Solar heat - N-gas

Heating price



0

10

20

30

40

50

1995 2000 2005 2010


LARGE Potential in Denmark AND elsewhere!

DK Engineer Association, 2006: Energiplan 2030

� 2030: 2.7 TWh / 10 % of the DK district heating demand

Danish Energy Authorities, 2007: Solvarme – status og strategihttp://www.ens.dk/graphics/Energipolitik/forskning_udvikling/Strategier/Solvarme/Solvarme_status_og_strategi_2007_05_25.pdf



http://www.ens.dk/graphics/Energipolitik/forskning_udvikling/Strategier/Solvarme/Solvarme_status_og_strategi_2007_05_25.pdf

� 2030: 2.7 TWh / 10 % of the DK district heating demand

� 2050: 7 TWh / 40 % of the DK district heating demand

� Realistic short term goal – 5 years:

� 2015: 2 mill. m², 1 TWh, 3 % of the DK district heating demand

60 % of the heat demand in Denmark is covered by district heating !


Rise 4 000 m² / 2,8 MW

www.solarmarstal.dk



Ærøskøbing 4 900 m² / 3,4 MW

(to be enlarged soon)

Marstal 18 300 m² / 13 MW

(to be doubled soon)


Sønderborg 6 000 m² / 4.2 MW



Hillerød 3 000 m² / 2,1 MW

Broager 10 000 m² / 7.0 MW Tørring 7 300 m² / 5.1 MW


Ulsted 5 000 m² / 3,5 MW



Nordby 2 500 m² / 1,8 MW

Ulsted 5 000 m² / 3,5 MW

Brædstrup 8 000 m² / 5,6 MW


Solar District Heating –

Take-Off

Public workshop:

16-17 March 2011 in Graz

Registration at home page



www.solar-district-heating.eu


First IEA-SHC Task 45 meeting:

5-6 April 2011 in Barcelona

Registration at homepage (to be

agreed with official national

IEA-SHC representative)

www.iea-shc.org/about/members/executive.aspx



www.iea-shc.org/task45/


European Initiative on Smart Cities

Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)




The future ?! Renewable district heating !?

� Flexible

� Renewable

� CO2-neutral

� Cost effective



Thank you for your

attention

Jan Erik Nielsen

[email protected]

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