SMART FURNITURE AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN AAL

Dr. Rafael Maestre Ferriz

Head of Electronics and Home Automation Department

CETEM (Technological Centre of Furniture and Wood)

Region of Murcia, Spain

r.maestre@cetem.es

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Outline

• Ageing ➔ Demographics & healthcare costs

• Solutions: AAL and AHA

• Smart Furniture Features

• Smart Furniture in AAL

• Commercial products

• Smart furniture examples based on: WSN and IoT

• Conclusions

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Ageing ➔ Demographics & healthcare costs

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[1]. “World Population Ageing,” United Nations. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2017_Highlights.pdf (accessed on 05/03/2019)[2]. “AAL Market and Investment Report,” Technologpis Group. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Yh1JX4pZ2rVdZNN6D40Z9_8ahD3ntDzo/view (accessed on 05/03/2018)

• Ratio “people>65” to “people 15-64” in EU: 28% (2015) ➔ 50% (2060) [2]

• Dementia [2]• 6% of the EU population >60

• Alzheimer’s accounts for 65% of all cases. Probability doubles every 6 years

[1]

Solutions: AAL and AHA

• Both concepts aim to promote healthy ageing and quality of life for older adults

• Originally Ambient Assisted Living (first EU call in 2008)

• Device-oriented

• Focused on physical activities

• Evolved towards Active and Assisted Living (2014 EU call)

• User-oriented, improvement of QOL (Quality of Life) and overall health (mental and physical)

• Use of ICT to enable individuals to live an active, socially involved and independent life

• AHA (Active and Healthy Ageing) as defined by WHO:

• “Active ageing is the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security in order to enhance quality of life as people age” [3]

• AAL is technology-based, whereas AHA open to any solution

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[3]. “Active Ageing A Policy Framework,” World Health Organization. https://extranet.who.int/agefriendlyworld/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/WHO-Active-Ageing-Framework.pdf (accessed on 05/03/2019)

European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on AHA

AAL drivers and barriers

• Growing political awareness:

➔ Maximizing ‘efficiency’

➔ Connected healthcare through IoT and other tech.

• Increased consumer interest and awareness through the popularity of mobile phones apps and wearable devices (e.g. “Quantified Self”)

• Increasing penetration of technology:

• Older people are quickly adopting usage of internet, smartphone and wearable tech, even telecare

• Increase of ICT in health and care systems

• More and better technologies can be integrated and provide better services

• E.g. remote patient monitoring through LPWAN

• Privacy and security concerns ➔ GDPR

• Technical skills: 32% of 55-75-year-olds had at least basic digital skills

• Interoperability ➔ standardization acceptance is needed (e.g. universAAL)

• Market fragmentation: many SMEs have their own proprietary solutions

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[4]. “AAL Market and Investment Report,” Technologpis Group. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Yh1JX4pZ2rVdZNN6D40Z9_8ahD3ntDzo/view (accessed on 05/03/2019)

DRIVERS

BARRIERS

AAL market size [4]

x7.4x4

x10.6

x5.9

Smart Furniture Features

• Traditional furniture is and will always be

• Key part of our lives and our everyday environment (home, office…)

• Close to us anytime and anywhere

• We interact with furniture ➔ touch it, sit on it, lie on it, write/work on it…

• Smart Furniture ➔ integrates technology so

• It can be hidden and our perceived environment looks unaltered ➔ non-intrusive, technology adapts to us

• It can be anywhere ➔ pervasive

• It can follow our actions ➔ behavioural detection, sleep tracking, habits, accidents…

• It can even touch us ➔ accurate measurements, great for health monitoring

• Furniture itself can even adapt to our needs through actuators

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Smart Furniture in AAL

• Smart furniture complements other approaches such as wearable devices and ambient sensors

• Ideal for health and behavioural monitoring since it can be used to determine mental and physical health, as well as accidents/emergencies ➔Many applications in AAL

• Possible approaches

• Furniture addon or accessory

• Limited and non-integrated design, requires user intervention, more intrusive…

• Can be added to existing furniture ➔ lower cost

• Stand-alone smart furniture

• limited scope and functionality

• can be developed independently, lowest complexity

• Part of a bigger AAL system

• Widest scope and range of functionalities

• Limitations in design and development, higher complexity

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• Almost no smart furniture products devoted for the AAL market. Reason: complexity

• Most smart furniture products target the general market, e.g. smart mattress for sleep tracking

• Many add-ons for furniture in AAL domain:

Sleep trackers

Anti-wander alarms

Commercial products

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MIRAY

- Sensor under the mattress- Bed Leaving Alarm- Nurse is warned wirelessly

- Sleep cycles, heart rate and snoring.- Coaching APP- Control smart home devices (in/out of bed)

WithingsSleep Tracking Mat

- Sleep quality, heart rate, breathing, snoring, environment.- APP

Emfit QS HRV Sleep Monitor

Sleep and recovery monitor through heart-rate-variability for recovery and readiness analysis

Beddit 3 Sleep Monitor

MSI Project: Intelligent Sensing Furniture [5]

• Goal: To improve the accuracy of AmI systems for elderly care in a non-intrusive and seamless way, along with furniture actuators

• Design and development of

• WSN with very wide range of sensors

• Artificial Intelligence SW for autonomous learning of user behaviour and alarm generation

• Integration of WSN nodes in furniture

• Furniture prototypes and pilot trials

• Issued patent in force with CETEM as leading applicant

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Financed by:

[5]. http://www.cetem.es/proyectos/i/774/321/proyecto-msi-finalizado (accessed on 05/03/2019)

MSI Project: Intelligent Sensing Furniture

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Coordinatornode

internet

• Furniture nodes with wide variety of sensors (occupancy, weight, open/close, temperature,

humidity, …)

• Ambient nodes (IR movement, temperature, humidity) distributed across the home

• Expertise requires multiple partners: HW, SW and AmI, as well as furniture design

MSI evolved into a much simpler product

WSN node

Too complicated

Home computerfor processing

Remote server

AmICare: Ambient Intelligence for Supporting Caregivers [6]

• Each node is made of:

• 1 electronic PCB in a box

• 1 USB power adapter

• 1 textile sensor

• Main advantages:

• Uses existing WiFi network

• Ease of deployment and maintenance ➔ low cost of ownership

• No need for wearable devices

• Scalable ➔ good for big caregiving facilities such as nursing homes, residences, hospitals…

• Configured and accessed with internet-capable device (e.g. PC, smartphone, tablet)

• Practical issues with WiFi range and interferences

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WiFi router

[6]. Bleda, A. L., Maestre, R., Beteta, M. A., & Vidal, J. A. (2018, October). AmICare: Ambient Intelligent and Assistive System for Caregivers Support. In 2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC) (pp. 66-73). IEEE.

WebBrowser

Project developed by CETEM

Asistae: an AAL product for the peace of mind [7]

• System directly communicates changes to cloud

• No need for existing infrastructure such as WiFi

• Smartphone app

• Can be configured with timing-based alert rules

• Ex1: if user has not seated by 10:00 am

• Ex2: if user is still seated by midnight

• Represents occupancy during the last days

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Textile sensor forarmchair and bed

Communication (GSM)and processing box

CloudProduct designed independently, later integrated

[7]. http://asistae.fama.es/ (accessed on 05/03/2019)

With the collaboration of CETEM

A productby

IoT-based AAL example: ACTIVAGE Greek pilot [8]

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[8]. Stavrotheodoros, S., Kaklanis, N., Votis, K., & Tzovaras, D. (2018, May). A Smart-Home IoT Infrastructure for the Support of Independent Living of Older Adults. In IFIP International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations(pp. 238-249). Springer, Cham

ACTIVAGE overall architecture [9]

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[9]. https://iotweek.blob.core.windows.net/slides2018/05.06.2018./Kaklanis_Votis_ACTIVAGE_Marketplace.pdf (accessed on 05/03/2019)

VitalMob: an IoT-based telecare Project

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ECG and blood pressure portable device Remote server with

processing algorithms

HMI

Project developed with the participation of CETEM, RGB Medical Devices and others

Robotic Furniture by Ori

• Ori is a spinout of MIT Media Lab spinout

• Smart robotic furniture goal is to optimize space in small apartments

• Ori’s robotic furniture can transforms into: a bedroom, working or storage area, large closet, or slides back against the wall

• Video in: https://youtu.be/tTXu00ywQ_I

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https://oriliving.com/ori-studio-suite

Conclusions

• AAL ➔ Active and Assisted Living: ICT for active, socially involved and independent life

• Intersection of telecare, telehealth and smart home for older adults

• Sustainable solution for aging societies requires other approaches ➔ AAL

• AAL drivers are growing quickly: demographics, care costs, consumer interest and awareness, penetration of technology, better technologies brings along better services

• The global market of AAL is estimated to grow exponentially

• Smart Furniture – three approaches (ordered in growing complexity and cost):

• Addon to existing furniture

• Stand-alone smart furniture

• Part of a bigger AAL system

• AAL architectures:

• WSN with local processing was first comm solution with limitations

• IoT-based AAL with open platforms provide widest range of possibilities, and simplifies the creation of Smart Furniture

• Still the standardisation of AAL platform remains an open issue

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