smart grids for reliable electricity service in italian cities...generation follows load -> load...

12 July 2016

Smart Grids for Reliable Electricity Service in Italian Cities

Michele de Nigris

Chair

STRUCTURE OF THE ELECTRICITY SYSTEM 1900-2000

http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/sustainability/chapters/ch06/ch06-p3a.asp

Bulk power generation - unidirectional power flow – passive system and users

Market liberalisation: • New business models • Prosumers as an actor in the energy scene

Reduction of CO2 emissions

Integration of renewables

Energy efficiency

THE DRIVERS FOR A CHANGE

Generation follows load -> Load follows generation

Power demand (Elia area, September, 25, 2013)

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

0:1

5

1:4

5

3:1

5

4:4

5

6:1

5

7:4

5

9:1

5

10

:45

12

:15

13

:45

15

:15

16

:45

18

:15

19

:45

21

:15

22

:45

Load

Po

we

r [M

W]

Time [hh:mm]

PARADIGM SHIFT

FROM CONVENTIONAL GRIDS TO SMART GRIDS

• Current electricity grid – Poor visibility

– Lack of situational awareness

– Lack of analytics

• Transition towards “Smart Grid” – IEEE definition:

• an automated,

• widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a

• two-way flow of electricity and information,

• capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything, from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances.

• A Smart Grid is the electricity delivery integrated with communications and information technology

ASSET MGT. Satellite mapping

Database of network events

Risk analysis for network

investments

FMEA for network maintenance

.

A.M.I 38 mln smart meters

450 mln/year remote readings

8 mln/year remote operations

AUTOMATION Advanced Distribution

Automation System

100% HV/MV substations

remotely controlled

30% MV/LV substations

remotely controlled + MV fault

detectors

WORKFORCE MGT. teams connected via GPRS +

GPS localization

Network cartography on board

Mobile applications

Dynamic work scheduling

.

Network Automation

and RES Integration

Asset

Management

Workforce

management

THE SMART GRID INITIATOR: TELEGESTORE

RSE elaboration - Source Enel Distribuzione

Concentrator

PLC

GSM/GPRS

Back

Office

Bi-

dir

ecti

on

al D

ata

Flo

w

Low

Vo

ltag

e Li

ne

Voltage quality

Interruption recordings

Bidirectional power flow monitoring

Energy thefts detection

>450 mln remote readings >10 mln remote operations

97% success rate

THE SMART GRID INITIATOR: TELEGESTORE


TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL PERFORMANCES

Source Enel Distribuzione

Source: IYU-T FG-SSC “An Overview of Smart Sustainable Cities and the Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)

PRESENT

SMART CITIES: A DIFFERENT APPROACH

COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURES – STANDARDS – REQUIREMENTS DATA MINING – BIG DATA – SMART METERING – LOAD FORECAST - INTERDEPENDENCY – DEPENDABILITY – SECURITY CYBER SECURITY – PRIVACY – CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

• DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT SECTORS IS MOSTLY INTERNAL

• ACTORS OF EACH SECTOR FOCUSED ON INTERNAL OPTIMISATION

• OVERALL APPROACH MAY NOT BE FELT AS OWN RESPONSIBILITY BY ANY OF THE ACTORS

• HOLISTIC APPROACH MUST INITIALLY BE MOTIVATED BY POLICY

• SECTORS FIND BUSINESS INTEREST AT A LATER STAGE

THE BIG PICTURE

THE ACTORS

9% 1 – 3 MILLION POPULATION

3 CITIES

15%

0,1 – 1 MILLION POPULATION

43 CITIES

11%

50 K – 100 K POPULATION

100 CITIES

32%

15 K – 50 K POPULATION

600 CITIES

33%

< 15 K POPULATION

7200 MUNIC.

7 ITALIANS OUT OF 10 LIVE IN CITIES

Italian medium size

cities

ENVIRONMENT

STANDARD OF LIVING

LEISURE TIME

HEALTHCARE SOCIAL SERVICES

JOBS

POPULATION

FINANCE

ITALIAN MEDIUM SIZED CITIES

Milano: 50th Rome 70th

MEDIUM SIZED CITIES - CHALLENGES

APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES

APPLICATIONS BASED ON THE ELABORATION OF BIG DATA.

SERVICE DELIVERY PLATFORM

ELABORATION AND VISUALISATION OF BIG DATA FROM SENSORS

SENSORS

IOT TO COLLECT BIG DATA AND MANAGE REMOTELY THE INFRASTRUCTURES

INFRASTRUCTURES

NETWORKS AND ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR BUILDING SMART CITIES.

5. SERVICES

4. DELIVERY

3. SENSORS

2. INFRASTRUCTURES

1. CITY LAYER

SMART CITIES LAYERS

Heavy Metal “ Generate & Deliver Power”

Control “How Power Flows”

Management “ Applications”

Transmission Automation

Gen & Trans Mgt.

Dist. Mgt.

Sensors Dist. Automation

Asset Optimization

Smart Grid Adds

Old Grid

Old Grid

• You call when the power goes out.

• Utility pays whatever it takes to meet peak demand.

• Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration

• Cannot manage distributed generation safely.

• ~10% power loss in T&D

‘New Applications enabled by Additional Infrastructure’

Adv.Metering System

Enabled Consumers

Economic Dispatch

Demand Optimization

Delivery Optimization

Energy Optimization

Thermal Generation Lines

Sub Stations

Dist Equipment

Renewable Generation

Voltage Control

Enabled Utility Managers

Smart Grid

• Utility knows power is out and usually restores it automatically.

• Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost. Reduces CAPEX.

• No problem with higher wind and solar penetration.

• Can manage distributed generation safely.

• Power Loss reduced by 2+%… lowers emissions & customer bills.

THE LAYER FOR ELECTRICITY FLOW

RSE elaboration - Source European ETP

Drive the next productivity revolution by connecting intelligent machines with people at work

Intelligent Machines 1. Big Data

& Analytics 2. People at Work 3.

Leverage technology & communication to cost-

effectively connect machines

Combine the power of big data, big analytics, and

industry physics

Connecting people any place, any way, and any

time for intelligent operations

The “II” Connects…

Global Energy Capex $1.9T/year

The first 1% annual savings equals $300B over 15 years

A world that works better, faster, safer, cleaner and cheaper

+ +

=

Energy Value:

THE OPPORTUNITIES: INTERNET OF THINGS

RSE elaboration - Source European ETP

RAPIDLY EVOLVING ENVIRONMENT

TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION

MARKET UPTAKE

SHARING ECONOMY

ICT CENTERED SOLUTIONS

FUNCTIONALITY FOCUS

USER CENTRIC APPs

GIVE VOICE TO CITIZENS

AN EXAMPLE OF BEST PRACTICE

• 54 COUNTRY PAVILIONS • 9 THEMATIC CLUSTERS • 21 MILLION VISITORS – 184 DAYS • 20000 WORKERS – 8000 VOLUNTEERS • GREEN FIELD SMART CITY FOR 100000 INHABITANTS • LIVING LABORATORY FOR SMART TECHNOLOGIES

AND SOLUTIONS

EXPO MILANO 2015 – BEHIND THE SCENES Digital Smart City’s Layers

Layer 1: Smart Buildings and

Smart Energy

Layer 2: Telecommunications

and IT Systems

Layer 5: Services

Layers 3: Safe City

Layer 4: Edutainment

Smart lightning, Power distribution with smart metering, Electrical

charging points

Telecommunication network, Enhanced telecommunications services, IT

services, Cloud services

Electronic payment, Transportation, E-Health, Solutions for disabled people

Main Operation Center, Security services, Staff secure communication,

Access control system

Digital signage, Pavilion solutions, Mobile experience, Smart Electronic

Ticket (SMET)

ASSESSING THE EXPO’s SOLUTIONS What’s the meaning for Smartness and Sustainability?

SMARTNESS The ability, with ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) implementation, to offer better and accessible services.

SUSTAINABILITY The ability of reducing environmental impacts (pollutant emissions), delineating costs, improving economy and life quality.

ASSETS FUNCTIONALITIES

Functionality 1 Functionality 2 Functionality n

Asset 1

Asset 2

Asset n FUNCTIONALITIES

BENEFITS

Benefit 1 Benefit 2 Benefit n

Functionality 1

Functionality 2

Functionality n

BENEFITS KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS - KPI

Environment Economy Energy Living

Benefit 1

Benefit 2

Benefit n

METHODOLOGY INTRODUCTION Assets-Functionalities-Benefits-KPIs Matrix

Energy distribution network and Lighting system

Telecommunication network and Telepresence

Mobility

SUSTAINABILITY OF DEPLOYED SOLUTIONS

FOCUS ON ENERGY NETWORKS - IMPLEMENTED SOLUTIONS


ELECTRICAL NETWORK STRUCTURE

100 MV/LV substations, connections for 75 MW

Innovative automatic control and fault detection system

270 kW storage integrated with Renewables

E-mobility infrastructure with 100 Pole Charging Station

Control Center for monitoring electrical parameters

Energy Management System


TECHNOLOGIES DEPLOYED


OVERALL SMARTENABILITY SCORE

SECTORAL SMARTENABILITY SCORES

CONCLUSIONS

• ELECTRICITY NETWORKS ARE THE BACKBONE OF THE SMART CITY; • THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SERVICES ARE

INSTRUMENTAL FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF SMART GRIDS AND THEREFORE OF SMART CITIES;

• MEDIUM SIZED CITIES ARE THE MOST ADEQUATE FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEPLOYMENT OF SMART SOLUTIONS: • THEIR STARTING LEVEL IS ADQUATE FOR EXPERIMENTS – SCALABLE

SOLUTIONS CAN BE IMPLEMENTED; • CHALLENGES FOR INFRASTRUCTURES DEPLOYMENT MOTIVATE

SMARTNESS; • FOCUS ON CITIZEN-CENTRIC SOLUTIONS FOSTERS SMART GRID

INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS; • SUSTAINABILITY BENEFITS FROM SMART SOLUTIONS MUST BE

BENCHMARKED WITH RESPECT TO BUSINESS AS USUAL TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS.

• EXPO MILANO 2015 PROVED TO BE A FORMIDABLE LIVING LAB FOR REAL LIFE TESTING OF SMART CITIES SOLUTIONS;

• SMARTENABILITY IS A PROVEN METRICS FOR SMART CITIES PROJECTS SUSTAINABILITY AND REPRESENTS A REAL LEGACY FROM EXPO2015.

[email protected]

PSCC 2011 – Stockholm August 2011

smart grids for reliable electricity service in italian cities...generation follows load -> load...

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