smart polymeric materials: dutch polymer research cohen stuart.pdf · liquid crystal thermosets for...
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Smart Polymeric Materials:
Dutch Polymer Research
Martien Cohen Stuart
IA seminar12 december 2012, The Hague
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Pioneers of polymer research in The Netherlands (1960 - ….)
Companies: AKU cellulosics; fibres, resins DSM coal-derived chemistry: olefines polyolefines PE, PP
nitrogen binding: caprolactam polyamidesDOW GE various engineering plasticsWAVIN (PVC) processing
Universities: Leiden (Staverman, Hermans)Delft (Janeschietz-Kriegl, van der Vegt)Groningen (Challa, Pennings)Eindhoven (Heikens, German, Lemstra)Twente (Feijen, Smolders, Noordermeer)
Polymer chemistry & physics in the polder
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1997:
launch of the ‘Dutch Polymer Institute’
for public-private collaboration in polymer science
(initiative Hans Wijers, minister of Economic Affairs)
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From science to market:
Chemical R&D timeframes Industrial R&D
University
Business <3 months
3 months-2 years
2-5 years
DPI
Dutch Polymer Institute
5-10 years
>10 years
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DPI: ‘Leading Technology Institute’
Missions
•To fill the gap in the Dutch knowledge infrastructure
•To operate at the interface between academia and industry
•To become a key instrument for innovation
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The art of connecting….
Government
Universities
Industry Society
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The art of connecting….
Government
UniversitiesIndustry
Society
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Industrial partners2011
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Academic partners2012
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How does it work?
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…bringing academia and industry together…..
$$$$$$$$$$
E = mc2
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Participation InfrastructureInnovation budget
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Portfolio 2012
Technology areas
•Functional Polymer Systems & Large-Area Thin-Film
Electronics
•Polyolefins
•Performance Polymers
•Coatings Technology
•Bio-Inspired Polymers
•Emerging Technologies: polymers for EOR
High-Throughput Experimentation
Corporate Research
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Functional Polymer Systems
Largest area
Research topics:
conducting & light emitting polymer systems
OLEDs, organic solar cells
polymer systems with switching and actuation properties
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Lighting and electronics
Globally leading research: Eindhoven, Delft, Groningen fast developments,
‘hot’ field
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Side-chain Liquid Crystalline polymers
Light-induced shape and optical changes
display technology
Actuators, artificial flagella, surface morphology switching
Very innovative field (Eindhoven)
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Polyolefines
2nd largest area; all major players participate
Mainly research on new catalysts and catalyticcontrol of material properties
Major breakthrough: unentangled UHMPE
New: mixed catalyst systems for controlled microstructure
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Performance Polymers
Large area; many global players participate
Elastomers; engineering plastics
Research on processing & performance:
Toughness, fracturing, friction & wear, composites,
processing technology
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Building and construction
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Liquid Crystal Thermosets for Structural Materials
• Liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) were recognized and introduced in
the 70’s:
+ excellent barrier properties (He, O2, H2O uptake < 0.03%)
+ high strength/stiffness
+ outstanding solvent resistance (Skydrol, jet fuel etc.)
+ low CTE, low mold shrinkage (V0 rating, also used in ablative
applications)
• The first generation LCPs had such properties
but were very difficult, if not impossible, to process.
CN
H O
n
poly(iminocarbonyl-1,4-phenylene)
Lyotropic, Tm>> 500 oC
CO
O
n
poly(oxy-1,4-phenylenecarbonyl)
"Thermotropic", Tm>> 500 oC
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The challenge: how to make these intractable polymers tractable?
Good propertiesbut intractable
tractablebut poor properties
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The solution: The solution:
use oligomers with (latent) reactive endgroups use oligomers with (latent) reactive endgroups
(Telechelic Oligomers)(Telechelic Oligomers)
PETI-5
1. Before cure: LC thermoplast
2. After cure: LC thermosetwith excellent performance High T organic materials
Solar cellsGas separation membranes
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Space durability tests (MISSE 2005-2009)
Prof. Theo Dingemans
DPI fellow 2011
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Coatings technology
Vital area, many participants, often market leaders
A diverse field, physics & chemistry:
(Sustainable) esin chemistry
Drying of water borne dispersions
Thickeners
Weathering chemistry
Corrosion protection
.......
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Alkyd emulsion drying
crystallization
deformation
coalescence
Fresh paint
dry paint
?
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(a) (b) (c)
(d) (f)(e)
Microscopic observations
two modes of coalescenceHigh [emulsifier]
Low [emulsifier]
‘top down’
‘random’
resinresin
resin resin
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Marine coatings: sustainable biofouling control
Developing research field; very challenging
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Bio-inspired Polymers
Developing field
sustainability & biomedical applications
New bio-based monomers
Enzymatic polymersation technology
Biosynthetic aminoacid polymers
Polysaccharide research
‘Bio Related Materials’ Programme (together with FOM and TIFN)
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PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AND COLLOID SCIENCE
Rational Design of Block Copolypeptides
C -SQ -K144 12 Triblocks
Molecular Biomimetics
Diblocks
++++ + + +++++
++++ + + +++++
-Binding of single DNA molecules- Reassembling cylindrical viruses
Hernandez-Garcia, Et. al. Small, 2012
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PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AND COLLOID SCIENCE
Mechanism of DNA Packing
Highly organized virus-like nanorod structures
2.5 kbp DNAScale is 780, 780, 625, 500 & 500 nm (left to right)
8 kbp2.5 kbp
Frustrations on packing
2.5 kbp
Time, concentration, salt…(pH, temperature)
More than one “growing” point
C -SQ -K104 12
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Emerging: water soluble polymers for EOR
New area (2 participants)
development of water soluble polymersfor oil & gas industry
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High throughput Experimentation
An extensive platform of
advanced equipment for
high throughput research
of new polymeric materials:
// synthesis, molecular characterization, phase behaviour
mixing & compounding, spotting
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Corporate Research
Explorative research on new directions in polymer science
(thematic calls)
AND
Enabling technology (theory & simulation, polymer
characterization, chromatography,
neutron & synchrotron experiments)
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DPI: workforce
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Output (articles) Impact (citations)
Output and impact of DPI: web-of-science
start
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Scientific quality: DPI Journal Impact Factor
Normalized impact Dutch chemical research:the highest in the world: 1.53
Steady improvement
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Increasing internationalisationNew collaborations
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European consortia
- CompNanoComp: Multiscale computational approach
for design of polymer-matrix nanocomposites
- SHINE: Self-Healing Innovative Elastomers
Other proposals in preparation
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Outside Europe
• Brasil
- Collaboration between CNPq, TU/e and DPI
- seven projects; start January 2013
• China
- Programme within Coatings Technology and Bio-Inspired
Polymers
- approximately ten PhDs; start early 2013
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DPI: quo vadis?
• New Dutch innovation policy (topsectoren) starting....
• Companies shift to new markets & activities
• Polymers remain important for Dutch economy
• Many creative polymer scientists in Dutch academia:
Groningen (Hermann, Loos)
Twente (Vancso)
Delft (Dingemans)
Eindhoven (Meijer, Huetter, Wyss, Noordover, van der Schoot)
Wageningen (Kamperman, Sprakel)
DPI strives to be(come)
worldwide connected polymer centre of excellence