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Smart Textiles
Creating added value for textile products
Friedrichshafen, 16 July 2011
Dipl.-Ing. Julian Eichhoff
Purpose of this presentation
� RWTH Aachen University and the Institut für Textiltechnik
� Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� Smart Textile Applications
� Heating
� Lighting
� Sensing
� Summary and Outlook
Contents
� RWTH Aachen University and the Institut für Textiltechnik
� Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� Smart Textile Applications
� Heating
� Lighting
� Sensing
� Summary and Outlook
Contents
RWTH Aachen University
Aachen - in the heart of Europe, close to� Düsseldorf� Cologne� Belgium� The Netherlands� Paris
� founded in 1870 by an industrial initiative
� 32.500 students in 106 courses of study
� 450 chairs
� 4400 assistant lecturers / PhD positions
� 2500 non-academic members of staff
� 650 apprentices
� 692 Mill. € total budget
� thereof 280 Mill. € third party funding
Friedrichshafen
ITA - Facts and Figures
Staff:
�66 Scientists
�40 Service personnel
�125 Graduate research assistants
�25 Students majoring in textile technology per year
Budget:
�7.5 Mill. €
Research and development
� Publicly funded research
� Academic and industrial education
Development and transfer
�R & D projects
�Further education
partially public
public
str
ictly c
onfidential
FundamentalFunding
30%
IndustrialFunding
30%
Industry-Related
Public Funding
30%
state
funding
10%
Introduction ITA – Research fields
Simulation
Production technology
Product development
Functional, economical and ecological solutions for
Medical
Technology
Smart
Textiles
Civil
EngineeringEnergy Nonwovens Automotive
Fibre
Production
Fibre
Processing
Fabric
ProductionComposites Joining Finishing
Design Production Application Testing
Smart Textiles at ITA
� RWTH Aachen University and the Institut für Textiltechnik
� Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� Smart Textile Applications
� Heating
� Lighting
� Sensing
� Summary and Outlook
Contents
The term “Smart”
� “Smart” can relate to…
� The integration of electronics into textiles
� Smart Materials (e.g. Phase Change, Shape Memory)
� Functional Finishes (e.g. Lotus Effect, no-iron finishing)
� Functional Clothing (e.g. Gore-Tex®)
� “Smart” = Everything the customer perceives as “smart”
� Exact definition has not been found yet
� Norms and standards do not exist
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� „Intelligent Textiles“: Enhanced functionality
� Integration of electronic elements / circuits (e-textiles)
� Realisation of sensors, actors, conductors
yesterday today tomorrow
Textile-adapted Textile-integrated Textile-based
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University UC Berkeley/ DARPA
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
Electronic functions which can be realised with textiles
� Bus systems for energy- and data transfer
� Sensors
� Strain
� Pressure
� Proximity
� Movement
� Moistness
� Actors
�Antennas
�Heating
�Lighting
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University
Knitted conductive lines
Textile keypad
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
Integrating PCB electronics into textiles
Contacting regular PCB electronics onto
textiles using pushbuttons
Source: ITA, Stella Project, RWTH Aachen University
Stretchable electronics
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
The next level
� Bringing functionality into the fibre
� First steps are being made
Fibre-based transistor Fibre-based diode
Source: University of California
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
Source: Fraunhofer IAP
Polymeric OLED-Fibre
Light emitting fibre section
Length ca. 5 mm Atmospheric condition (no inert gases)
Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� RWTH Aachen University and the Institut für Textiltechnik
� Smart Textiles – An Introduction
� Smart Textile Applications
� Heating
� Lighting
� Sensing
� Summary and Outlook
Contents
Heating
Source: SEFAR
Sefar PowerHEAT System
� Electrical current is forced through a conductor
with high resistivity (resistance heating)
� Conductive material can be applied by....
� Weaving
� Knitting
� Stitching
� Printing
� Coating
� ...
Smart Textile Applications
Heating
Source: Heizteufel, ThermIC, WarmX
Heizteufel heated gloves WarmX heated shirtThermicSole Preform
Smart Textile Applications
� LEDs mounted on a textile substrate
� Fibre optic materials (light coupled in by LEDs)
� Light-emitting coatings (printed OLEDs)
Smart Textile Applications
Illuminated textile materials integrated into a spacer fabric
LED mounted on a textile substrate
Diffuse lighting effects by combining materials
Illuminating Textiles
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University
Smart Textile Applications
Illuminating Textiles
Sources: Luminex, ITCF Denkendorf, Philips
Lumalive
Using optical fibres Printed OLED PatternLED Matrix System
Smart Textile Applications
Example: Illuminated bicycle jacket
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University
Front: Warning lights Back: Warning lights / individual message
Health Status Monitoring
Source: MedIT, ITV Denkendorf,
ITA, RWTH Aachen University
Respiration monitoring Monitoring the body fluid level content
ECG-Shirt
Smart Textile Applications
Sensor-shirt with textiles electrodes
Textile Sensors to monitor...
� ECG and heartrate
� Body fluid level content
� Temperature
� Respiration
Characteristics of textile electrodes
� Comfortable
� Easy positioning
� Knitted into textiles (one-step production)
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University
Health Status Monitoring
Smart Textile Applications
Jacket with temperature sensor
Protective and functional clothing
Display with warning light
Source: Viking Life-Saving Equipment
Smart Textile Applications
Jacket with temperature sensor
Protective and functional clothing
Source: ITA, Profitex Project, RWTH Aachen University
Smart Textile Applications
Braided security rope with
integrated textile data cable
Protective and functional clothing
Textile buttons for human-
computer interaction
Connection port at the
firefighting jacket
Smart Textile Applications
Source: ITA, Profitex Project,
RWTH Aachen University
� Monitoring braided ropes with textile sensors
� Breakage
� Load levels
� Load history
� Wear abrasion
� Realised for several applications
� Safety / climbing rope
� Parachute line
� Elevator rope
� Mooring rope
Source: ITA, RWTH Aachen University
The Smart Rope System
10 mm
Core Sheath Rope
Sensor thread
Integrated
Sensor module
Braided rope with sensor thread
Smart Rope system
Smart Textile Applications
� Based on the parachute T10 of the German armed forces
� Breakage sensors in the parachute lines
� Maintenance time reduced from 2 h to 10 min
Experimental airplane and 80 kg parachute dummy
Airdrop, opening and descend of the parachute
Source: ITA / Brüggemann
RWTH Aachen University
The Smart Rope System
Smart Textile Applications
� Textile matrix switches
� Intuitive control system using fabric folds
� Proximity and touch sensors
Control system using folds
(PinStripe)
Switch matrix
Smart Textile Applications
Source: ITA; Media Computing Group, RWTH Aachen University
Textile keypads, buttons and switches
� Car door with textile window control keys
� Intuitive control system using fabric folds
� Proximity and touch sensors
Control system using folds
(PinStripe)
Smart Textile Applications
Textile user interface - Examples
Car door with textile window control keys
Pillow remote control – Switch matrix
Source: ITA; Media Computing Group,
RWTH Aachen University
� Smart Textiles are textiles with enhanced functionality
� Textiles can...
� Heat
� Illuminate
� Sens
� Additional functionality adds value to the product
� Numerous different application areas are open to be conquered
New products new markets
Summary
Shirt �
Rope �
Tent
�
Jacket �
Backpack�
Hat �
Blanket �
Shoe �
Scarf �
Connect the dots … get inspired !
� Lighting
� Switches
� Monitoring
� Pressure sensing
� Data transmission
� MP3 Control
� Antenna
� Heating
Outlook
Dr.-Ing Nina Laar
Head of Division Healthcare/Smart Textiles
Institut für Textiltechnik (ITA),
RWTH Aachen University
Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1,
52074 Aachen, Germany
Tel. +49 (0) 241 - 80 23487
Fax +49 (0) 241 - 80 22422
Secretary‘s office -23400
Dipl.-Ing. Julian Eichhoff
Head of Research Group Smart Textiles
Institut für Textiltechnik (ITA),
RWTH Aachen University
Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1,
52074 Aachen, Germany
Tel. +49 (0) 241 - 80 23446
Fax +49 (0) 241 - 80 22422
Secretary‘s office -23400
Contact
Thank you for your attention !