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Knowledge is free, it’s the experience which make’s it priceless - Ruturaj

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Selenium @ Work

“Smarter ways of doing Selenium Automation”Ruturaj

http://ruturajd.blogspot.com

Make Technology available for masses, to bottom of pyramid, you will see

how life will change after this !

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Objective

• Take away Thought’s from talk– Functional Test automation views, expectations

and preparation. – Understanding Selenium offering.– Pointers towards basic for Test automation for

tester to start automation.– Learning what not to do in Test automation.– Selenium RC Automation Framework what’s

generic what’s specific.

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Context Driven Learning

Disclaimer – These are my views based on my experience, hence think of background(Context) before using them directly.

Context DrivenSelenium LearningOne Size Doesn’t Fit All.

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Functional Test Automation

Background ,views ,Thought process, Expectation

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Automation from different Perspective

• Product Managers/Test Manager Perspective.– Automation must for ‘Early cycle Testing ‘ in

Agile/Iterative development.

– Accuracy of verification in Automated ‘test cases’ is important as They would be fully replaced by “automated test script”.

– Can’t afford if tester/automation engineers makes ‘any mistake’.

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Tester’s perspective – Bugs in Testers approach for technology

• Lazy, ‘why should I Change’ Approach.• Tester’s are less adaptive to technologies(less agile*).• After Realizing mistake, feeling of ‘missed the bus of

opportunity’.

• Black Box Testing – a mystery for me.• Big time missing = = Technical tester.

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Tester’s perspective – what can be done better(Ideally !)

• Gel Well with Developers until you learn technology, if not at least learn Technology on your own.

• Understand What people do when they automate(that’s Montessori). How to automate(as per me) is PH. D .

• Learn basics of Web technology – HTML, java script, how browser works, what goes underline when we click something ?

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Defining What to automate, what not to, when to automate.

• Automation Test Strategy / Automation Plan – only if its updated as per execution cycle.

• Selenium is one of the better tool I come across to automate web application(flow in website’s).

• Gradual approach to automation, do it in bits and pieces, do it perfect, gradually build it up.

• Experienced Tester must do automation or something in Non functional Requirement Testing (E.g. Security testing, Usability, Performance, …)

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Selenium for Functional Test Automation(Web Apps)

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Selenium Learning Pyramid

Customization

HTML

Selenium

JavaScript & OO

Language

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What you can automate using Selenium (Learning 0.1.0)

• Selenium - functional testing tool for web based application.

Multi Browser support. Support to write test cases in many OO

languages(java, C#, Perl, Python, Ruby).Simple API/functions for interaction with HTML

Elements. Easy to use Selenium IDE(recorder) for those

who want to start automation, just for Start. 29-01-2011

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Selenium Offering – what do we have to consume ;)

• Selenium Core Selenese languages(looks very similar to html). Selenium is bundled with all further offering like IDE,

RC, Grid.• Selenium IDE (Recorder for Firefox).• Selenium RC (allow you to run test written in

programming language to run from anywhere.)• Selenium Grid (Multiple RC server running on

same/different machine for parallel test run.)

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Simple Selenium Core Action

Action Target ValueOpen http://www.google.com/

type q Ruturajd

clickAndWait btnG

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Selenium Core References

• What not to do with while starting with Selenium Core.– Trying to automate website which is not following

Same origin policy.

• http://wiki.openqa.org/display/SEL/Selenium+Core+FAQ

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Selenium IDE- Recorder for Firefox

• Firefox plug-in for easy record and playback of tests.• Intelligent field selection will use IDs, names, or XPath

as needed• Helpful for simple HTML script development and

execution(provides auto complete for common Selenium commands, debugging test execution , addition of custom extension)

• Save tests as HTML scripts, or any other language script.

• Option to automatically assert the title of every page

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Selenium IDE- Limitations

• Record and playback of IDE tests is possible only on fire fox browser.

• Selenium IDE can execute script created in Selenese (HTML like) only.

• It’s difficult to use Selenium IDE for checking complex test cases involving dynamic contents.

• No direct support for condition statements, iteration, error handling, particularly unexpected errors, test case grouping,

• Execution report not customizable to more extent.

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Where/When to use IDE then ?

• Selenium IDE is best suited for simple happy path verification with least time to test script development.

• To make Tester’s life easier - faster sanity check, regression verification provided test script you have recorded have enough valid verification’s.

• In Agile team for quick and dirty automation(to start with..).

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Selenium Remote Control

• A proxy server written in java, which automatically launches and kills browsers.

• Allows to write test code in your favorite language– Java– Python – C# (.NET )– Ruby– Perl

• Multi browser support by providing browser mode as *iehta, *firefox or *chrome in selenium object initialization.

• Selenium RC supports HTTP and HTTPS based sites.

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Selenium RC Through my eye’s(Architecture)

Selenium Client

Language driver

Selenium RC server Browser

Web Applicatio

n

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Selenium RC Setup

• Download the latest version of Selenium RC jar.

• Selenium RC gives freedom to run test/suites from your own machine by starting Selenium server on your machine.– Start Selenium Server(open command prompt,

go to directory where selenium-server.jar exist, type in below command.• java -jar selenium-server.jar

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Selenium RC setup 2

• Download the selenium-client driver, add the jar to your automation project’s library folder.

• Your automation project should have a base class where selenium object is to be initiated.

• Eg. There are various ways in which you can get selenium object initialized, but its nice to do in common place.

• selenium = new DefaultSelenium(“localhost”, “4444″, “*firefox”, “http://www.google.com/”);

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Choosing right ingredientsSelenium Flavor Language for

automationUnit testing

framework to be used

Selenium Remote Control

Java Junit/TestNG

.NET(C#) nUnit

Python puUnit

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Language for Selenium automation, Owners of Script maintenance

• Thumb rule – Use same language as that of application development language.

• Also Keep in mind skill set possessed by team whose going to work on it(QA’s – Test Developers).

• Define owners for test script maintenance, in shorter teams, developer’s owns acceptance test script, QA’s own regression suites.

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Problems I faced using Selenium

• When there were Ajax request/responses everywhere on page, writing custom waitFor method was painful.

• Few API doesn’t work on specific version of IE/FFX.• Slowness of IE test execution due to wrong usages of

locators.• Working on element involving recursive java script

calls on ‘onClick’ event.

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What is tough to automate using Selenium

• If your website has lots of Flash/Flex component, Selenium automation is tricky.

• Similarly if test needs to interact with any non native object in html like calendar, Rich Text FCK Editor, it is tougher to do so.

• Automation of web page involving multiple frames.• Testing functionality provided by third party tools –

outside scope of test automation tool.

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Generic subsets of Automation Frameworks

Test Driver-Selenium Customized Test

framework

Test Execution(Vmware,Testlab)

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The Pareto Principle

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